US20120121456A1 - Aa 6xxx aluminium alloy for precision turning - Google Patents

Aa 6xxx aluminium alloy for precision turning Download PDF

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Publication number
US20120121456A1
US20120121456A1 US13/376,871 US201013376871A US2012121456A1 US 20120121456 A1 US20120121456 A1 US 20120121456A1 US 201013376871 A US201013376871 A US 201013376871A US 2012121456 A1 US2012121456 A1 US 2012121456A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
extruded product
product according
precision
content
alloys
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Abandoned
Application number
US13/376,871
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English (en)
Inventor
Mary-Anne Kulas
Ivo Kolarik
Josef Kreuter
Annabelle Bigot
Guy-Michel Raynaud
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Constellium Extrusions Decin sro
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Alcan Decin Extrusions sro
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Assigned to ALCAN DECIN EXTRUSIONS SRO reassignment ALCAN DECIN EXTRUSIONS SRO ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BIGOT, ANNABELLE, KREUTER, JOSEF, KOLARIK, IVO, RAYNAUD, GUY-MICHAEL, KULAS, MARY-ANNE
Publication of US20120121456A1 publication Critical patent/US20120121456A1/en
Assigned to CONSTELLIUM EXTRUSIONS DECIN S.R.O. reassignment CONSTELLIUM EXTRUSIONS DECIN S.R.O. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ALCAN DECIN EXTRUSIONS SRO
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/05—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys of the Al-Si-Mg type, i.e. containing silicon and magnesium in approximately equal proportions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of precision-turned parts obtained from simple extruded products, essentially of the bar or rod type, made of an AA6xxx aluminum having a chemical composition which is optimized as a function of the suitability for extrusion and precision turning, and which, in particular, lacks elements with a low melting point, such as, particularly lead, bismuth, indium and tin.
  • the mechanical properties, the properties of resistance to corrosion, and the suitability for anodizing of such parts are similar to those obtained from precision turning alloys containing lead, of the AA6262 or AA2011 type.
  • Precision turning relates to the field of large-series manufacture of parts which are generally rotating parts (screw, bolt, axle, etc.) by removing material from bars or rods made of metal.
  • the latter are generally obtained by extrusion from billets, particularly in the case of aluminum alloys.
  • the parts are thus produced at high production rates in cutting machines with manual or digital control.
  • productivity and the state of the surface as well as the dimensional precision of the final part are the principal objectives associated with this type of manufacturing.
  • the parts so produced are used in various fields, from clock making to medical equipment, to the fields of transport (aeronautics, railroad, car) and industry (electrical, electronic, hydraulic . . . ).
  • the first aluminum alloys used for precision turning from 1930 to 1960 were AA6xxx and AA2xxx alloys containing lead and bismuth, besides the usual elements of the composition for these series.
  • the positive result so obtained resides in the fragmentation of chips of small size during said machining or precision turning operation.
  • This fragmentation allows a rapid removal of the material, and thus a gain in productivity, but also a removal of the heat produced, thus preventing a potential degradation of the final surface state of the part.
  • composition is based on the presence of substitute elements which also have a low melting point, such as, tin, bismuth or indium.
  • patents EP 07937324 and EP 1214456 of the Reynolds Metal Company claim alloys of the AA6xxx and AA2xxx families with the addition of tin and indium, and of the AA6xxx family, respectively, with the addition of bismuth only, or of bismuth and tin.
  • the application EP 761834 of Kaiser Aluminium relates to alloys of the AA6xxx series with the addition of tin and of bismuth
  • the applications EP 0964070 and EP 0982410 of Alusuisse relate to alloys of the AA2xxx series with the addition of tin, or of bismuth and of tin, respectively.
  • alloys containing substitute elements with low melting point such as, tin, bismuth or indium, do not exhibit exactly the same performances during precision turning as the alloys that contain lead, but the total prohibition of lead may occur in the relatively near future.
  • a solution to this problem consists of the use of an alloy whose aluminum-based matrix contains harder particles, which at the origin of the creation and propagation of cracks during the precision turning operation, said cracks promoting the fragmentation of the chips.
  • the type of the particles and their distribution evidently have a particularly marked effect on the behavior of the alloy during the precision turning, but also on the wear of the cutting tools used for this operation.
  • the silicon alloy so constituted comprises hard phases based on silicon, which are the origin of the creation and propagation of the above-mentioned cracks. Indeed, said phases prevent the sliding of the grains during the deformation induced by the machining operation, or precision turning, which gives rise to cavities, and then to cracks, and thus promotes the fragmentation of the chips.
  • the applications JP 9249931, U.S. Pat. No. 6,059,902 and JP2002206132 of Kobe Steel relate to alloys with very good machinability and based on a silicon content of more than 1.5%, in combination with the presence of manganese or copper, or iron and chromium.
  • the subject of the invention is an extruded product, the bar or rod or tube type, which presents a very good suitability for precision turning, without the addition of silicon at contents greater than or equal to 1.5%, made of a wrought precision turning aluminum alloy having the following chemical composition, expressed in wt %:
  • Mn ⁇ 1%, preferably ⁇ 0.6%
  • Ni ⁇ 3.0%, preferably 1.0-2.0%
  • Another object of the invention is a precision-turned piece produced from the extruded product as defined above.
  • FIG. 1 represents the extrusion pressures, in MPa, obtained for an identical length of billet, depending on the various alloys tested: 6xxx according to the invention, AA6262 and H Si as reference, the compositions of which are given in the chapter “Examples.”
  • FIG. 2 represents the axial cutting pressures, in MPa, during the drilling tests, as a function of the cutting speed in m/min, for a constant drilling advance of 0.15 mm/turn, and for the various tested alloys as defined above.
  • FIG. 3 represents the axial pressures in MPa as a function of the drilling advance in mm/turn, for a constant cutting speed of 55 m/min, and for the same tested alloys.
  • the invention is based on the observation by the applicant that it is possible to obtain a very good suitability for precision turning, without the addition of silicon at contents greater than or equal to 1.5%, in contrast to the prior art, by ensuring the presence in a sufficient quantity of intermetallic phases with iron, which are dispersed in a homogeneous manner.
  • Said intermetallic phases are of the Al x Fe y (Mn,Ni) z Si v type, the presence of Mn and Ni being optional since they contribute by creating particles which are also advantageous for precision turning.
  • the simple extruded products i.e., of the bar, rod or tube type, according to the invention, present a behavior during precision turning that is similar to the products of the prior art made from alloys of the series AA6262 or AA2011, both of which contain lead and bismuth.
  • the mechanical properties, the properties of resistance to corrosion, and the suitability to anodizing of the products according to the invention are similar to those obtained from said alloys.
  • the content is strictly less than 1.5%, to limit the risks of burning due to the elevation of the temperature during the extrusion operation, which is reflected notably in surface defects of the extruded product.
  • Iron together with silicon, it is one of the major elements of the alloys according to the invention. Indeed, its concentration determines the quantity of the above-mentioned secondary phases, which are in particular the basis of the behavior in precision turning. To this effect, a minimum that is strictly greater than 1.0% is required.
  • the upper limit of 1.8% makes it possible to avoid the precipitation of the primary iron phases during the casting of the billets, which reduces their suitability for the extrusion.
  • Manganese optional, it can participate in the formation of secondary phases which are advantageous for the behavior during precision turning. Its content is limited to 1.0% due to the fact that it has an unfavorable effect on the suitability for extrusion. An even more preferred maximum is 0.6%.
  • Magnesium with the silicon, it participates in the structural hardening via the Mg 2 Si phase. For this purpose, a minimum of 0.6% is required.
  • Nickel like manganese, it can participate in the formation of secondary phases which are advantageous for the behavior during precision turning. Its content is limited to 3.0% to avoid the formation of primary phases which have a fragility inducing effect.
  • a preferred range is 1.0-2.0%.
  • Copper its content must be less than 0.1%, because of its strong hardening effect which is disadvantageous with regard to the suitability for extrusion.
  • Chromium it is an antirecrystallization element which, like manganese, can form secondary phases that influence the granular structure of the alloy. Its content is kept below 0.25%, because of its unfavorable impact with regard to the suitability for extrusion.
  • Titanium this element acts according to two combined modes: on the one hand, it promotes the refining of the primary aluminum grain, and, on the other hand, it influences the distribution of the above-mentioned secondary phases.
  • the 6xxx alloy is according to the invention, whereas the alloys AA6262 and H Si are alloys of the prior art, the first containing lead and bismuth, and the second lacking these elements, and combining a high silicon content with the presence of manganese and magnesium.
  • the slugs are then homogenized at a temperature of 545° C. for 5 h 30 min.
  • the billets of diameter 29.6 mm and length 38 mm were machined and then extruded as bars of diameter 6.7 mm.
  • the extrusion was carried out under the same conditions of billet temperature of 480° C. and of speed of 0.6 m/min. This relatively slow speed results from an operation of similarity due to the size of the samples of the tests compared to industrial conditions.
  • FIG. 1 represents the extrusion pressures of each variant for an identical length of billet.
  • the variant according to the invention presents a better suitability for extrusion, which is reflected in a lower pressure, by approximately 20%, in comparison to the reference AA6262, and by approximately 10%, in comparison to the reference H Si.
  • the extruded bars were subjected to a heat treatment, of type T6, dissolution at a temperature of 560° C. for 15 min, quenching in water, and tempering to achieve the maximum mechanical resistance, also known to the person skilled in the art as “peak tempering,” for 10 h at 175° C. for the 6xxx alloys according to the invention and H Si, and for 10 h at 160° C. for the AA6262 alloy.
  • a heat treatment of type T6, dissolution at a temperature of 560° C. for 15 min, quenching in water, and tempering to achieve the maximum mechanical resistance, also known to the person skilled in the art as “peak tempering,” for 10 h at 175° C. for the 6xxx alloys according to the invention and H Si, and for 10 h at 160° C. for the AA6262 alloy.
  • the mechanical properties of resistance Rp 0.2 and Rm of the alloy according to the invention are very similar to those of the AA6262 alloy, and slightly inferior to those of the alloy H Si, with similar elongations at rupture.
  • microstructure of the variant according to the invention was studied by scanning electron microscopy to determine the nature, dispersion and size of the intermetallic phases at the micrometer scale.
  • the applicant attributes the good behavior in precision turning with a favorable fragmentation of the chips to the dispersion of this relatively large surface fraction phase, in the form of particles of relatively small size.
  • the machinability was characterized by means of the drilling test according to the standard NFE66-520-8.
  • Three variants present a stable operation range over the entire relatively large range of cutting speeds (from 10 to 140 m/min).
  • the variant AA6262 of the prior art requires approximately 20% less force in comparison to the alloy according to the invention, and also in comparison to the alloy H Si of the prior art, and this for a constant drilling advance of 0.15 mm/turn ( FIG. 2 ) and approximately 10% less for a constant cutting speed of 55 m/min ( FIG. 3 ).
  • the fragmentation of the chips was ranked in accordance with the same European standard NFE66-520-8, from A.1, most favorable case, to D.6, most unfavorable case.
  • the scores given in the present case are: A.1: “Elementary-Fragmented with bevel,” B.6: “Short-Helicoidal” and C.6: “Medium-long-helicoidal,” according to the said standard.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
US13/376,871 2009-04-03 2010-03-26 Aa 6xxx aluminium alloy for precision turning Abandoned US20120121456A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0901631A FR2944029B1 (fr) 2009-04-03 2009-04-03 Alliage d'aluminium de decolletage de la serie aa 6xxx
FR0901631 2009-04-03
PCT/FR2010/000262 WO2010112698A1 (fr) 2009-04-03 2010-03-26 Alliage d'aluminium de décolletage de la série aa 6xxx

Publications (1)

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US20120121456A1 true US20120121456A1 (en) 2012-05-17

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US13/376,871 Abandoned US20120121456A1 (en) 2009-04-03 2010-03-26 Aa 6xxx aluminium alloy for precision turning

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20120121456A1 (ru)
EP (1) EP2421996B1 (ru)
ES (1) ES2695906T3 (ru)
FR (1) FR2944029B1 (ru)
RU (1) RU2522413C2 (ru)
WO (1) WO2010112698A1 (ru)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015013400A3 (en) * 2013-07-26 2015-07-16 Techform Products Limited Aluminum alloy wire and wire assembly parts
WO2017209646A1 (ru) * 2016-05-31 2017-12-07 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Объединенная Компания РУСАЛ Инженерно-технологический центр" Проводниковый алюминиевый сплав и изделие из него

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2514555A1 (en) * 2011-04-21 2012-10-24 Aleris Aluminum Koblenz GmbH Extruded aluminium alloy tube product
ES2549135T3 (es) 2012-05-15 2015-10-23 Constellium Extrusions Decin S.R.O. Producto de aleación de aluminio de forja mejorado para el decoletaje y su proceso de fabricación
WO2020185920A1 (en) 2019-03-13 2020-09-17 Novelis Inc. Age-hardenable and highly formable aluminum alloys, monolithic sheet made therof and clad aluminum alloy product comprising it

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02250937A (ja) * 1989-03-22 1990-10-08 Sankyo Alum Ind Co Ltd グレー発色アルミニウム合金

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US5223050A (en) * 1985-09-30 1993-06-29 Alcan International Limited Al-Mg-Si extrusion alloy
US5167480A (en) * 1991-02-04 1992-12-01 Allied-Signal Inc. Rapidly solidified high temperature aluminum base alloy rivets
US5522950A (en) * 1993-03-22 1996-06-04 Aluminum Company Of America Substantially lead-free 6XXX aluminum alloy
JP3107517B2 (ja) * 1995-03-30 2000-11-13 株式会社神戸製鋼所 切削性に優れる高耐食アルミニウム合金押出材
NL1002861C2 (nl) * 1996-04-15 1997-10-17 Hoogovens Aluminium Nv Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een goed vervormbare aluminiumplaat.
JP3301919B2 (ja) * 1996-06-26 2002-07-15 株式会社神戸製鋼所 切粉分断性に優れたアルミニウム合金押出材
JP2001220638A (ja) * 2000-02-08 2001-08-14 Kobe Steel Ltd 表面品質に優れたアルミニウム合金およびその成分設計方法
JP2002206132A (ja) * 2001-11-27 2002-07-26 Kobe Steel Ltd 切削性に優れたアルミニウム合金押出材及びその製造方法
RU2215055C2 (ru) * 2001-12-17 2003-10-27 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт авиационных материалов" Сплав на основе алюминия и изделие, выполненное из него
RU2221891C1 (ru) * 2002-04-23 2004-01-20 Региональный общественный фонд содействия защите интеллектуальной собственности Сплав на основе алюминия, изделие из этого сплава и способ изготовления изделия
CA2563561A1 (en) * 2004-04-15 2005-10-27 Corus Aluminium Nv Free-machining wrought aluminium alloy product and process for producing such an alloy product

Patent Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02250937A (ja) * 1989-03-22 1990-10-08 Sankyo Alum Ind Co Ltd グレー発色アルミニウム合金

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015013400A3 (en) * 2013-07-26 2015-07-16 Techform Products Limited Aluminum alloy wire and wire assembly parts
WO2017209646A1 (ru) * 2016-05-31 2017-12-07 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Объединенная Компания РУСАЛ Инженерно-технологический центр" Проводниковый алюминиевый сплав и изделие из него
RU2648339C2 (ru) * 2016-05-31 2018-03-23 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Объединенная Компания РУСАЛ Инженерно-технологический центр" Проводниковый алюминиевый сплав и изделие из него
PL428136A1 (pl) * 2016-05-31 2019-10-07 Obshchestvo S Ogranichennoy Otvetstvennost'yu Obedinennaya Kompaniya Rusal Inzhenerno-Tekhnologicheskiy Tsentr Przewodnikowy stop aluminium i wyrób z niego
EA033930B1 (ru) * 2016-05-31 2019-12-11 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Объединенная Компания РУСАЛ Инженерно-технологический центр" Проводниковый алюминиевый сплав и изделие из него

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2944029A1 (fr) 2010-10-08
EP2421996A1 (fr) 2012-02-29
ES2695906T3 (es) 2019-01-11
FR2944029B1 (fr) 2011-04-22
RU2011144509A (ru) 2013-05-10
WO2010112698A1 (fr) 2010-10-07
EP2421996B1 (fr) 2018-08-22
RU2522413C2 (ru) 2014-07-10

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