US20110061402A1 - Heating and cooling system for vehicle seat - Google Patents

Heating and cooling system for vehicle seat Download PDF

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Publication number
US20110061402A1
US20110061402A1 US12/775,172 US77517210A US2011061402A1 US 20110061402 A1 US20110061402 A1 US 20110061402A1 US 77517210 A US77517210 A US 77517210A US 2011061402 A1 US2011061402 A1 US 2011061402A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
air
heating
cooling system
thermoelectric element
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/775,172
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English (en)
Inventor
Duck Chae Jun
Wook Jeong
Man Ju Oh
Jang Su PARK
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hyundai Motor Co
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Hyundai Motor Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hyundai Motor Co filed Critical Hyundai Motor Co
Assigned to HYUNDAI MOTOR COMPANY reassignment HYUNDAI MOTOR COMPANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: JEONG, WOOK, JUN, DUCK CHAE, OH, MAN JU, PARK, JANG SU
Publication of US20110061402A1 publication Critical patent/US20110061402A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/56Heating or ventilating devices
    • B60N2/5607Heating or ventilating devices characterised by convection
    • B60N2/5621Heating or ventilating devices characterised by convection by air
    • B60N2/5657Heating or ventilating devices characterised by convection by air blown towards the seat surface
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/56Heating or ventilating devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60NSEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/56Heating or ventilating devices
    • B60N2/5678Heating or ventilating devices characterised by electrical systems
    • B60N2/5692Refrigerating means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heating and cooling system, and more particularly, to a heating and cooling system for a vehicle seat, which has a simplified structure and can be simply assembled and disassembled.
  • a vehicle is equipped with an air-conditioning system including a cooler and a heater.
  • the air-conditioning system controls the temperature and moisture inside the vehicle.
  • the seat In the summer, even if an occupant sitting on a vehicle seat lowers the temperature inside the vehicle by operating the cooler, the seat is relatively slowly cooled down. In addition, the seat is continuously warmed by the body heat of the occupant. Then, the occupant may sweat at the buttocks and the back, which would otherwise develop into heat rashes.
  • a seat-dedicated heating and cooling system which can directly control the temperature of a vehicle seat, has been designed to be separately mounted on the vehicle seat.
  • FIG. 1 An example of such a seat heating and cooling system will be illustrated with reference to FIG. 1 .
  • the seat heating and cooling system 1 is provided in the rear side of a vehicle seat S. Since the seat S is composed of a sitting part S 1 and a back S 2 , the seat heating and cooling system 1 is provided in both the sitting part S 1 and the back S 2 in order to heat and cool the seat S.
  • the seat heating and cooling system 1 includes a first duct 10 connecting the sitting part 51 and the back S 2 , a second duct 20 provided in the sitting part S 1 , a blowing unit 30 provided between the first and second ducts 10 and 20 to blow air into the first and second ducts 10 and 20 , and heat exchangers 40 and 50 connected to the first and second ducts 10 and 20 , respectively, to blow cold and hot air into the seat S.
  • the blowing unit 30 can be a blower that simultaneously blows air into both the first and second ducts 10 and 20 .
  • the heat exchangers 40 and 50 can include a thermoelectric element that can selectively heat or cool air.
  • the heating and cooling apparatus for a vehicle seat of the related art is installed inside the rear side of the seat, it is difficult to install or separate the system in or from the seat. In addition, maintenance such as the replacement of components is difficult.
  • the heat exchanger unit which heats and cools air
  • the blower unit which circulates air
  • the ducts connecting the heat exchanger unit and the blowing unit are separately provided, the structure is complicated and the volume is increased.
  • Various aspects of the present invention are directed to provide a heating and cooling system for a vehicle seat, which has a simplified structure and can be easily assembled to or disassembled from the vehicle seat.
  • the heating and cooling system for a vehicle seat may include a housing having an air supply port through which air communicates with the vehicle seat and an air exhaust hole through which air communicates with the outside of the housing, a thermoelectric element located in the housing between the air supply port and the air exhaust hole to selectively heat or cool air, which is directed toward the air supply port or the air exhaust hole, and a first blower fan provided in the air supply port to communicate air between the vehicle seat and the thermoelectric element.
  • the air supply port may be located in an upper portion of the housing, and the air exhaust hole is located in a lower side portion of the housing, wherein the housing has an inner air hole formed in an upper side portion thereof above the thermoelectric element.
  • the heating and cooling system may further include an air filter attached to the inner air hole.
  • the inner air hole may allow air, taken in from inside the seat, to pass by one side of the thermoelectric element and be supplied to the air supply port.
  • the housing may have an outer air port in a lower portion thereof under the thermoelectric element, wherein the outer air port takes in air outside the seat so that taken-in air passes by one side of the thermoelectric element and is exhausted through the air exhaust hole.
  • the heating and cooling system may further include a second blower fan provided in the outer air port to communicate air between the outer air port and the air exhaust hole through the thermoelectric element, wherein the first blower fan is spaced apart from one side of the thermoelectric element, and the second blower fan is spaced apart from the other side of the thermoelectric element, wherein the first and second blower fans are driven by a single motor, wherein the first and second blower fans have blades oriented in opposite direction, and wherein a rotary shaft of the single motor is coupled to the first blower fan by passing through the thermoelectric element.
  • the heating and cooling system may further include an air filter attached to the outer air port.
  • a plurality of the inner air holes may be radially formed along the circumference of the housing.
  • a plurality of the air exhaust holes may be radially formed along the circumference of the housing.
  • the heating and cooling system may further include heat sink fins attached to one or more sides of the thermoelectric element, wherein upper surface of the thermoelectric element in the air supply port includes heat sink fins and lower surface of the thermoelectric element in the outer air port includes heat sink fins, and wherein the heat sink fins are radially arrayed in an annular shape along the thermoelectric element.
  • the housing may include first and second semi-circular housings and assembled each other to form a single housing shaped of a cylinder.
  • the heating and cooling system for a vehicle seat may include a housing having an air supply port through which air is supplied into the seat and an air exhaust hole through which air is exhausted from the seat, a thermoelectric element located in the housing between the air supply port and the air exhaust hole to selectively heat or cool air, which is directed toward the air supply port or the air exhaust hole, heat sink fins attached to one side and the other side of the thermoelectric element, and blower fans provided in the air supply port and the air exhaust hole, respectively, to communicate air with the thermoelectric element.
  • the heating and cooling system for a vehicle seat has the following advantageous effects:
  • the heating and cooling system is provided on the rear side of the seat such that one part of the heating and cooling system is exposed.
  • the heating and cooling system can be easily mounted to or separated from the seat, and the maintenance of the heating and cooling system such as the replacement of components is made easier.
  • the complicated structures of the related art including heat exchanger unit, which heats and cools air, the blower unit, which circulates air, and the ducts connecting the heat exchanger unit and the blower unit, can be realized inside a single housing. This, as a result, can simplify the structure as well as reduce the volume.
  • the efficiency of heating or cooling a seat can be enhanced by separately controlling the heating or cooling of the sitting part or the back of the seat.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of a heating and cooling system for a vehicle seat of the related art.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective configuration view showing the application of an exemplary heating and cooling system for a vehicle seat in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing important parts of the exemplary heating and cooling system for a vehicle seat shown in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the exemplary heating and cooling system for a vehicle seat shown in FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic side cross-sectional view of the exemplary heating and cooling system for a vehicle seat shown in FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective configuration view showing the application of heating and cooling systems for a vehicle seat in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing important parts of the heating and cooling system for a vehicle seat shown in FIG. 2
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the heating and cooling system for a vehicle seat shown in FIG. 3
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic side cross-sectional view of the heating and cooling system for a vehicle seat shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the heating and cooling systems 1 for a vehicle seat can be mounted, respectively, on the rear sides of a sitting part S 1 and a back S 2 of a vehicle seat S.
  • the seat S has a porous structure defining, therein, air passages along which air can freely flow.
  • the temperature of the seat S can be controlled by air, which is heated or cooled by the heating and cooling systems 1 for a vehicle seat.
  • the heating and cooling systems 1 are illustrated as being provided, respectively, in the rear central area of the sitting part S 1 and in the rear central area of the back S 2 .
  • the heating and cooling systems 1 can be mounted on proper positions of the seat S in order to enhance heating and cooling efficiency, and the number of the heating and cooling systems 1 can be changed when necessary.
  • the heating and cooling system 1 for a vehicle seat includes a housing 10 , a thermoelectric element 20 , and first and second blower fans 31 and 33 .
  • the housing 10 forms the outline of the heating and cooling system 1 .
  • One part of the housing 10 is inserted into the seat S, and the other part of the housing 10 is exposed out of the seat S.
  • the thermoelectric element 20 is provided inside the housing 10 to selectively heat or cool air.
  • the first and second blower fans 31 and 33 are provided inside the housing 10 to circulate air.
  • the housing 10 defines, therein, an air supply port 11 through which air is supplied into the seat S, inner air holes 15 adjacent to the air supply port 11 , air exhaust holes 13 through which air is exhausted out of the seat S, and an outer air port 17 adjacent to the air exhaust holes 13 .
  • the air supply port 11 and the inner air holes 15 are located inside the seat S, and the air exhaust holes 13 and the outer air port 17 are exposed out of the seat S.
  • the housing 10 can be made in the form of a column such that the air supply port 11 located in the upper portion of the housing 10 can have a circular configuration.
  • the air supply port 11 located in the upper portion of the housing 10 can increase the open area of the housing 10 such that more air can be supplied into the seat S through the air supply port 11 .
  • the inner air holes 15 can be formed in the upper portion of the side of the housing 10 .
  • the inner air holes 15 communicate with the air supply port 11 such that air inside the seat S can flow into the air supply port 11 through the inside of the housing 10 .
  • a number of the inner air holes 15 can be radially provided along the circumference of the housing 10 .
  • the inner air holes 15 efficiently introduce air into the housing 10 by guiding air in several directions from inside the seat S.
  • the air exhaust holes 13 are formed in the lower portion of the side of the housing 10 .
  • a number of the air exhaust holes 13 can also be radially provided along the circumference of the housing 10 .
  • the air exhaust holes 13 efficiently exhaust air from the housing 10 by guiding air in several directions out of the seat S.
  • the outer air port 17 communicates with the air exhaust holes 13 such that air outside the seat S can flow into the air exhaust holes 13 through the inside of the housing 10 .
  • the outer air port 17 is located in the lower portion of the housing 10 and has a circumferential configuration corresponding to the arrangement of the air exhaust holes 13 .
  • the outer air port 17 located in the lower portion of the housing 10 can increase the open area of the housing 10 such that more air can be introduced through the outer air port 17 .
  • the outer air port 17 promotes the flow of air exhausted through the air exhaust holes 13 so that air inside the housing 10 can be efficiently exhausted out of the seat S.
  • thermoelectric element 20 is located inside the housing 10 .
  • the thermoelectric element 20 can preferably be located in the central area inside the housing 10 in order to selectively heat or cool air, which is directed toward the air supply port 11 and the air exhaust holes 13 .
  • thermoelectric element 20 can have a disk-like shape corresponding to the inner circumferential shape of the housing 10 .
  • the thermoelectric element 20 can be implemented with a Peltier element.
  • the Peltier element is realized based on the Peltier effect in which heat is absorbed or generated when a current is passed through junctions of two different metals.
  • the thermoelectric element 20 is implemented with the Peltier element in order to cool or heat the seat S.
  • thermoelectric element 20 When a current is passed through the thermoelectric element 20 , one side of the thermoelectric element 20 is heated and, at the same time, the other side of the thermoelectric element 20 is cooled down. The side to be heated is changed according to the direction of a current applied to the thermoelectric element 20 .
  • thermoelectric element 20 One side of the thermoelectric element 20 is oriented toward the upper portion of the housing 10 , that is, toward the air supply port 11 , and the other side of the thermoelectric element 20 is oriented toward the lower portion of the housing 10 , that is, toward the outer air port 17 .
  • a shaft hole can preferably be formed in the central area of the thermoelectric element 20 , allowing a rotary shaft 41 of blower fans 30 , which will be described later, to extend through.
  • heat sink fins can be attached to one or more sides of the thermoelectric element 20 .
  • the heat sink fins include first heat sink fins 24 attached to one side of the thermoelectric element 20 and second heat sink fins 26 attached to the other side of the thermoelectric element 20 .
  • the heat sink fins 24 and 26 increase the area where the thermoelectric element 20 absorbs or generates heat so that efficient heat conduction can be carried out.
  • the heat sink fins 24 and 26 can be attached to the thermoelectric element 20 , radially arrayed in an annular shape or a doughnut-like shape. This shape of the heat sink fins can provide a better structure for the rotary shafts 41 and 42 of the motor 40 to couple with the blower fans 30 , thereby raising the flow efficiency of air.
  • the blower fans 30 are provided in the air supply port 11 and/or the air exhaust holes 13 to circulate air.
  • the blower fans 30 include a first blower fan 31 located adjacent to the air supply port 11 and a second blower fan 33 located adjacent to the air exhaust holes 13 .
  • the first blower fan 31 is spaced apart from one side of the thermoelectric element 20 . Since the first heat sink fins 24 are attached to one side of the thermoelectric element 20 as described above, the first blower fan 31 is located above the first heat sink fins 24 .
  • the second blower fan 33 is spaced apart from the other side of the thermoelectric element 20 . Since the second heat sink fins 26 are attached to the other side of the thermoelectric element 20 as described above, the second blower fan 33 is located below the second heat sink fins 26 .
  • Both the first and second blower fans 31 and 33 can be operated by a single motor 40 .
  • the motor 40 can preferably be implemented with a double shaft motor to which two rotary shafts 41 and 42 are coupled in opposite directions.
  • the first and second blower fans 31 and 33 can be simultaneously rotated by the double shaft motor. As shown in FIG. 4 , the first and second blower fans 31 and 33 have blades oriented in opposite directions. Accordingly, the first blower fan 31 blows wind toward the air supply port 11 , and the second blower fan 33 blows wind toward the air exhaust holes 13 .
  • the structure of the heating and cooling system can be further simplified, and thus the heating and cooling system can be more easily installed in and separated from the seat S.
  • air filters can preferably be attached to the inner air holes 15 and/or the outer air port 17 .
  • the air filters purify air that flows through the inner air holes 15 and through the outer air port 17 .
  • the air filters can preferably be designed to be detachable in order to facilitate the removal of impurities, which may accumulate with extended use, and to make the replacement of filters easier.
  • the air filters include a first air filter 51 attached to the inner air holes 15 and a second air filter 53 attached to the outer air port 17 .
  • the first air filter 51 can be in the shape of a ring that is coupled to the side of the housing 10 in order to surround the inner air holes 15 in the radial direction.
  • the first and second air filters 51 and 53 can be mesh type filters by which impurities are removed.
  • the first air filter 51 extracts impurities from air.
  • the second air filter 53 is shaped to surround the opening of the outer air port 17 .
  • the second air filter 53 extracts impurities so that the impurities do not enter the housing 10 .
  • the heating and cooling system 1 for a vehicle seat of this exemplary embodiment can realize heating and cooling components using a simple structure, which is arranged inside a single housing.
  • the heating and cooling system can be easily mounted to or separated from the seat S, and the maintenance of the heating and cooling system is simplified.
  • the complicated structures of the related art such as the heat exchanger unit, which heats and cools air, the blower unit, which circulates air, and the ducts connecting the heat exchanger unit to the blowing unit can be realized inside a single housing 10 . This, as a result, can simplify the structure while reducing the volume.
  • the heating and cooling system 1 for a vehicle seat of this exemplary embodiment is separately installed in the sitting part S 1 or in the back S 2 of the seat S. Accordingly, the heating and cooling system 1 can be separately controlled to perform the heating and cooling of the sitting part S 1 or the back S 2 , thereby raising the heating or cooling efficiency of the seat.
  • the heating and cooling system for a vehicle seat of this exemplary embodiment is mounted in such a fashion that one part of the housing 10 is inserted into the seat S and the other part of the housing 10 exposed out of the seat S.
  • a current is supplied to the heating and cooling system from the vehicle or from inside the seat.
  • thermoelectric element 20 When the current is supplied, one side of the thermoelectric element 20 , which is heated, and the adjacent heat sink fins 24 serve as a heater, and the other side of the thermoelectric element 20 , which is cooled, and the adjacent heat sink fins 26 serve as a cooler.
  • the cooler will be referred to as the upper part of the housing 10 for the sake of convenience.
  • the first blower fan 31 located in the cooler circulates and supplies heated air to the air supply port 11 .
  • air is introduced into the housing 10 through the inner air holes 15 from inside the seat S.
  • the first air filter 51 provided on the inner air holes 15 prevents impurities inside the seat S from flowing into the housing 10 .
  • thermoelectric element 20 air, introduced into the housing 10 , is cooled by the thermoelectric element 20 , and is then supplied into the seat S through the air supply port 11 .
  • the first heat sink fins 24 enhance the cooling efficiency by widening the cooling surface area that comes into contact with air. In this fashion, the seat S is cooled by air, which is supplied into the seat S.
  • thermoelectric element 20 generates heat in the heater, i.e., the lower part of the housing 10 .
  • the second blower fan 33 located in the heater circulates heated air to exit through the air exhaust holes 13 , which are located in the lower side of the housing 10 .
  • air outside the seat S is introduced into the housing 10 through the outer air port 17 and then cools down the temperature of the heater.
  • the second heat sink fins 26 enhance the heating efficiency by widening the heat dissipation surface area that comes into contact with air.
  • the second air filter 53 provided on the outer air port 17 facilitates the flowing of air by preventing impurities outside the seat S from flowing into the housing 10 .
  • the air exhaust holes 13 are formed along the circumference of the housing 10 , air is exhausted in the direction in parallel with the outer surface of the seat S. As a result, even if the heating and cooling system 1 for a vehicle seat of this exemplary embodiment is exposed from the rear side of the seat S, wind is not directly blown toward an occupant sitting behind the seat S.
  • the heating and cooling systems 1 for a vehicle seat of this exemplary embodiment can be provided, respectively, in the sitting part S 1 and the back S 2 of the seat S, it is possible to separately control the heating and cooling of the sitting part S 1 and the back S 2 .
  • the heating and cooling system for a vehicle seat can be constructed more simply and easily since the complicated structures of the related art, including the heat exchanger unit, the blower unit, and the ducts, can be integrated inside a single housing.
  • the heating and cooling system is provided in such a manner that one part of the housing is mounted inside the seat and the other part of the housing is mounted outside the seat.
  • the heating and cooling system can be easily mounted to or separated from the seat and the maintenance can be made easier, thereby reducing manufacturing costs.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
US12/775,172 2009-09-17 2010-05-06 Heating and cooling system for vehicle seat Abandoned US20110061402A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR10-2009-0088219 2009-09-17
KR1020090088219A KR20110030196A (ko) 2009-09-17 2009-09-17 자동차 시트 냉난방 장치

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US12/775,172 Abandoned US20110061402A1 (en) 2009-09-17 2010-05-06 Heating and cooling system for vehicle seat

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US (1) US20110061402A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2011063257A (zh)
KR (1) KR20110030196A (zh)
CN (1) CN102019863A (zh)
DE (1) DE102010017058B4 (zh)

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WO2014087341A3 (en) * 2012-12-04 2014-10-16 Van Lingen Paul Sidney Alexander Thermoelectric generator arrangement
US10052985B2 (en) 2014-05-06 2018-08-21 Gentherm Incorporated Liquid cooled thermoelectric device
US10449877B1 (en) 2018-05-14 2019-10-22 Faurecia Automotive Seating, Llc Vehicle seat with serpentine air flow channel
US10471864B1 (en) 2018-05-14 2019-11-12 Faurecia Automotive Seating, Llc Vehicle seat with thermal comfort module

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WO2014058429A1 (en) * 2012-10-11 2014-04-17 Kongsberg Automotive, Inc. Ventilated and heated vehicle seat assembly
KR101454714B1 (ko) * 2012-12-31 2014-10-28 갑을오토텍(주) 열교환모듈 및 이를 포함하는 차량용 시트
US10054341B2 (en) 2014-04-19 2018-08-21 Ferrotec (Usa) Corporation Integrated thermoelectric-powered fluid heat exchanger
CN107639998A (zh) * 2016-07-22 2018-01-30 宝沃汽车(中国)有限公司 一种用于车辆的制冷系统及其方法和车辆
FR3076501B1 (fr) * 2018-01-05 2021-04-02 Faurecia Sieges Dautomobile Siege de vehicule automobile et element de siege equipe d'un systeme de ventilation et de controle thermique
CN109466283A (zh) * 2018-12-21 2019-03-15 北京智米科技有限公司 净化器

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US20100089090A1 (en) * 2008-10-13 2010-04-15 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Centrifugal fan and air conditioner having the same
US20110061400A1 (en) * 2009-09-17 2011-03-17 Hyundai Motor Company Heat exchanger having thermoelectric element

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014087341A3 (en) * 2012-12-04 2014-10-16 Van Lingen Paul Sidney Alexander Thermoelectric generator arrangement
US10052985B2 (en) 2014-05-06 2018-08-21 Gentherm Incorporated Liquid cooled thermoelectric device
US10449877B1 (en) 2018-05-14 2019-10-22 Faurecia Automotive Seating, Llc Vehicle seat with serpentine air flow channel
US10471864B1 (en) 2018-05-14 2019-11-12 Faurecia Automotive Seating, Llc Vehicle seat with thermal comfort module

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DE102010017058A1 (de) 2011-03-24
JP2011063257A (ja) 2011-03-31
CN102019863A (zh) 2011-04-20
DE102010017058B4 (de) 2017-08-24
KR20110030196A (ko) 2011-03-23

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