US20110030286A1 - Heat and wind screen for the building industry - Google Patents

Heat and wind screen for the building industry Download PDF

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Publication number
US20110030286A1
US20110030286A1 US12/524,280 US52428007A US2011030286A1 US 20110030286 A1 US20110030286 A1 US 20110030286A1 US 52428007 A US52428007 A US 52428007A US 2011030286 A1 US2011030286 A1 US 2011030286A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
wind
roof
protective shield
steel sheets
building
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Abandoned
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US12/524,280
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English (en)
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Jacques Pigerre
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Individual
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Individual
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/18—Special structures in or on roofs, e.g. dormer windows
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage; Sky-lights
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/17—Ventilation of roof coverings not otherwise provided for
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/40—Slabs or sheets locally modified for auxiliary purposes, e.g. for resting on walls, for serving as guttering; Elements for particular purposes, e.g. ridge elements, specially designed for use in conjunction with slabs or sheets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D5/00—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form
    • E04D5/04—Roof covering by making use of flexible material, e.g. supplied in roll form by making use of metal foils
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F10/00—Sunshades, e.g. Florentine blinds or jalousies; Outside screens; Awnings or baldachins
    • E04F10/005—Rigidly-arranged sunshade roofs with coherent surfaces
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F10/00—Sunshades, e.g. Florentine blinds or jalousies; Outside screens; Awnings or baldachins
    • E04F10/08—Sunshades, e.g. Florentine blinds or jalousies; Outside screens; Awnings or baldachins of a plurality of similar rigid parts, e.g. slabs, lamellae
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/12—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements of metal or with an outer layer of metal or enameled metal

Definitions

  • the roofs exposed to strong insolations store energy in the form of heat and by radiating large quantity towards the interiors of the buildings.
  • protective shield improves the comfort of habitation in a highly sunny area
  • the protective shield is formed by doubling of the existing roof by painted and perforated galvanized steel sheets ( FIG. 1 . see abstract). Not long before laying, these steel sheets are subjected to a forming by cold rolling similar to full (non-perforated) steel sheets meant for rooting and cladding panels.
  • Forming aims to provide an adequate rigidity to metal sheet to withstand different mechanical stresses, such as its own weight, weight of the roof fitter, wind forces and finally, the weight of snow etc.
  • the assembly is well suited for roofs already covered with metallic sheets, because in this case, with the help of spacers, they have to be fixed at the level of fixtures of the old root. In this way, no additional preparation is necessary.
  • This mechanism produces a continuous suction of air present below the steel sheet and which passes through the perforations and gets heated thereby.
  • air acts as a coolant fluid which exchanges the heat energy with the steel sheet by circulation on coming in its contact.
  • the original roof placed below the perforated steel sheet receives very less energy in the form of infra-red radiations coming from the perforated steel sheet. Particularly, it receives energy coming from the solar radiations passing through the holes.
  • the heat transmitted by these radiations spreads in the entire old roofing which leads to a very moderate rise in its temperature.
  • the old roof is dark colored, its temperature remains close to the perforated steel sheets. When it is bright colored its temperature may be up to 2° C. lower.
  • the steel sheets with smaller perforations are selected, because they cover more and provide a better performance to protective shield for protection against heat, e.g. in steel sheets of Type A ( FIG. 3 a ).
  • the surface covered is 85% of the total surface. i.e. only 14.5% of the old roof surface still receives solar radiations.
  • FIG. 5 Descriptive view of the model on a scale of 3.5 cm: 1 m.
  • FIG. 6 Positions of the points of recording and the legend of measured temperatures.
  • FIG. 7 picture of the model, with and without protective shield.
  • the model had been made of wood core plywood of 12 mm thickness. Then wood has been tar-coated in order to make it resistant to moisture and insects.
  • the base roofing had been made by a steel sheet painted in marine blue color.
  • the gap between the lower and the upper steel sheets may vary from 80 to 300 mm because of the device visible in the picture of FIG. 7 a .
  • FIG. 6 allows in schematically indicating the positions, where the temperatures had been increased and this was observed in three configurations.
  • FIG. 6 a Without protection ( FIG. 6 a ).
  • Table 1 shows a summary of the recording campaign during the “short dry summer of March 2006”. It has really increased temperatures and not average ones.
  • the rows of the table correspond to an increase in temperature caused during the same day between 11 h in the morning to 12.30 h. In each row, the condition of insolations and winds are approximately the same. Average wind speed was between 5-6 m/s, with some gusts reaching 10 m/s for about 5-10 seconds, however occurring at intervals of 2-10 minutes.
  • M refers to the model
  • EH refers to the experimental house
  • PSNP protective shield with full (non-perforated) steel sheet
  • PSP protective shield with perforated steel sheet of the Type A for the model and Type B for the experimental house.
  • i indicates that the temperature had been recorded by a mercury thermometer inside model (at about 200 mm from wall) or experimental house (at the center of the room).
  • s indicates a surface temperature recorded by an infra-red thermometer with an accuracy of 0.5° C., this by taking into account of dispersion of recordings close to a point.
  • Table 1 allows comparing different configurations of the protective shields with the roofing without any protective shield. The readings for the model show the effectiveness of the ventilation on a surface of smaller size (even without a protective shield).
  • the peak temperatures of the naked (unprotected) steel sheet recorded: 62° C. on the side exposed to wind and up to 75° C. on the wind sealed (West) side.
  • the gap between the old roofing and the steel sheet of the protective shield play an equally important role, but interesting performances were determined from the lowest gaps (80 mm). On the other hand, it is useless to indefinitely increase this gap, because beyond 200 mm, no improvement is observed in thermal performances. On the other hand, more important gaps may be envisaged for protection against stormy winds.
  • FIG. 8 Representation of FIG. 8 defines a spacer of the type used for the experimental house. For convenience in assembly. it is recommended to place spacer with its opening turned towards the base.
  • the spacers must be adopted according to the type of roof steel sheet to be covered. Therefore, common characteristics (on fixed side in FIG. 8 ), common properties (described below), and variable sides of one type of steel sheet for covering the other (mainly side a, b and c in FIG. 8 ) were noticed.
  • flap 2 -flap 3 together should be located as close as possible, to the peak of steel sheet undulation to he covered.
  • side (a) must exceed by 15 to 20 mm (maximum and to be distributed between two extremities of the spacer) than the distance between the axis of two consecutive peaks.
  • side (b) is the second variable side. This depends on the type of protection envisaged. The readings of Table 1 have shown that the protective shield is already effective with a gap of 80 mm between steel sheets. The corresponding spacer will have a much greater mechanical strength.
  • a load may also be increased by the weight of the fitter climbing on the roof for assembly. Moreover, it is advisable to instruct fitters not to remain on the peak of a spacer during assembly operations.
  • FIG. 12 The series of pictures of FIG. 12 show the different steps of manufacturing a spacer on site by the skilled fitter.
  • the example shown here leads to manufacture of a spacer of the model house:
  • the distance separating two consecutive spacers may be equal to about 1.5 times side (a) of FIG. 8 .
  • the length of 300 mm may be increased and may even be increased up to double, without causing the resistance of the assembly in the geographic areas less exposed to stormy winds. It is, therefore, watched that the distance between two spacers should be less than or equal to side (a).
  • a simple overfill of the spacer allows to hold the ledge during the assembly, but also reinforces its holding by means of an auxiliary adhesive film seen in FIG. 13 b.
  • perforated steel sheet is fixed by ordinary short heads for roofing (galvanized anchor bolt type, diameter 6 mm and 40 mm below head). These are the bolts which ensure a connection between the ledge and spacer & a connection between perforates steel sheet and ledge.
  • a correctly placed bolt must pass through perforated steel sheet and the peak of spacer before penetrating the ledge.
  • lubricated bolts for example-by automobile grease.
  • spacers For a protective shield for walls, the manufacture and assembly of spacers is similar to that shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 .
  • the spacers and their ledges are simply placed on a horizontal line spaced at 1.2 m.
  • These spacers may have a side a ( FIG. 8 ) fixed at 300 mm and a horizontal space of 600 mm may be maintained between the two consecutive spacers.
  • the perforated steel sheets will be fixed in such a manner that a gap of less than 300 mm exists between the base of steel sheet and the ground.
  • the height reached by the steel sheets will be limited in such a manner that their peak in the assembled condition penetrate inside the dark area projected by roof at 9 hours in the morning on the East side and at 17 hours on the west side. In this manner, the effectiveness of the device will not be affected, but for aesthetic reasons, larger dimensions may also be adopted. However, a gap of at least 300 mm is maintained between the peak of steel sheet and the roof bottom for allowing a good air circulation in the space between wall and steel sheet.
  • the most unfavorable winds are those which have a strong component in a direction perpendicular to the lower stopper of the roof.
  • the roofs most exposed, in this case, are the roof with slopes on two sides. When the wind is directed parallel to the roof, it generates relatively uniform pressures all over the roof.
  • the loss of (wind) load because of perforated steel sheets causes a reduction in flow speed in comparison to ordinary roofs and leads to a reduction in the pressure difference between the building interiors and the roof exteriors. Therefore, two following paragraphs are devoted to roofs with slopes on two sides exposed to winds perpendicular to the stoppers of the roof ridge.
  • a protective shield causes a reduction in pressure difference between the interiors and exteriors of the house.
  • the leeward side area relatively calm in comparison to the earlier one, is an area of almost uniform lower pressures.
  • the rolling generated on passing the roof peak may even have the effect of a coating by turning air down on the roof. This effect is all the more marked with stronger wind.
  • perforated steel sheet acts as a ventilating ridge tile and other steel sheets which make a connection between two roof slopes of the protective shield, must have free edges ( FIG. 16 ). i.e. without folds.
  • connection between these ventilating ridge tiles with the steel sheets of the protective shield body must be made by rivets (5 mm diameter for steel sheets of type A, 6 mm diameter for steel sheets of type B), and this at the rate of at least one rivet per edge, as is shown in the distribution of rivets on the protective shield of experimental house seen in picture of FIG. 16 .
  • the “protective shield against heat and wind for buildings” improves the comfort inside the buildings covered by it, in reducing the roof temperature and by allowing to obtain a most uniform temperature in different rooms. Naturally. this leads to energy conservation for air-conditioning.
  • the protective shield reinforces the resistance of the buildings in case of stormy winds. It was noticed that the ventilating ridge tiles also play an essential role in reducing the risk of detachment of the roof by the wind at the peak level of the roof.
US12/524,280 2007-01-23 2007-01-23 Heat and wind screen for the building industry Abandoned US20110030286A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB2007/050223 WO2008090421A1 (fr) 2007-01-23 2007-01-23 Bouclier chaleur et vent pour le batiment

Publications (1)

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US20110030286A1 true US20110030286A1 (en) 2011-02-10

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US12/524,280 Abandoned US20110030286A1 (en) 2007-01-23 2007-01-23 Heat and wind screen for the building industry

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US (1) US20110030286A1 (es)
EP (1) EP2111492B1 (es)
JP (1) JP2010516926A (es)
KR (1) KR20100014839A (es)
CN (1) CN101668909B (es)
AT (1) ATE531868T1 (es)
AU (1) AU2007344906A1 (es)
BR (1) BRPI0721181A2 (es)
CR (1) CR10988A (es)
MX (1) MX2009007806A (es)
WO (1) WO2008090421A1 (es)

Cited By (5)

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US20120297699A1 (en) * 2011-05-27 2012-11-29 Sukup Manufacturing Company Dwelling assembly
CN103276841A (zh) * 2013-06-05 2013-09-04 张家港市盛港绿色防火建材有限公司 一种集成房屋的屋顶结构
CN107514085A (zh) * 2017-09-06 2017-12-26 华东建筑设计研究院有限公司 一种基于吹吸气的屋盖风荷载优化系统、方法及屋盖结构
CN112814147A (zh) * 2019-11-16 2021-05-18 湖南麓上住宅工业科技有限公司 一种木结构抗风装置
IT202100025553A1 (it) * 2021-10-07 2023-04-07 Andrea Tavelli Sistema di protezione per serre o pergole bioclimatiche.

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CN101936057A (zh) * 2010-08-23 2011-01-05 华侨大学 福建土楼气动导风装置
KR101476583B1 (ko) * 2014-02-14 2014-12-30 (주)황두진건축사사무소 건물용 차양장치
KR101476584B1 (ko) * 2014-02-14 2014-12-24 (주)황두진건축사사무소 건물용 차양장치 설치구조
KR101897195B1 (ko) * 2014-10-13 2018-09-13 (주)황두진건축사사무소 건물용 차양부재
CN104631715B (zh) * 2014-12-19 2017-01-25 浙江中和成建设有限公司 一种∧型建筑气楼及其建造方法
FR3034628A1 (fr) 2015-04-07 2016-10-14 Jacques Pigerre Dispositif chaussant pour circulation sur des parois en tole perforee
CN106088484A (zh) * 2016-07-05 2016-11-09 河南鸿宇工业装备工程有限公司 适用于钢结构屋面的屋脊瓦结构及安装工艺
CN106499227A (zh) * 2016-10-19 2017-03-15 周全 自动化绿色能源立体农业方法
WO2018189348A1 (en) * 2017-04-13 2018-10-18 Elemental Engineering Ag Wind protection device for a building
CN108018979B (zh) * 2017-12-13 2019-07-16 泰州职业技术学院 一种具有防风功能的简易房屋

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KR20100014839A (ko) 2010-02-11
WO2008090421A1 (fr) 2008-07-31
EP2111492B1 (fr) 2011-11-02
MX2009007806A (es) 2010-01-29
CN101668909B (zh) 2012-07-18
ATE531868T1 (de) 2011-11-15
JP2010516926A (ja) 2010-05-20
CR10988A (es) 2009-11-20
CN101668909A (zh) 2010-03-10
EP2111492A1 (fr) 2009-10-28
BRPI0721181A2 (pt) 2013-01-22
AU2007344906A1 (en) 2008-07-31

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