US20110011115A1 - Evaporator air management system for trailer refrigeration - Google Patents

Evaporator air management system for trailer refrigeration Download PDF

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Publication number
US20110011115A1
US20110011115A1 US12/667,290 US66729007A US2011011115A1 US 20110011115 A1 US20110011115 A1 US 20110011115A1 US 66729007 A US66729007 A US 66729007A US 2011011115 A1 US2011011115 A1 US 2011011115A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
fan
refrigeration system
axial fan
trailer refrigeration
evaporator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/667,290
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English (en)
Inventor
Peter R. Bushnell
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carrier Corp
Original Assignee
Carrier Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carrier Corp filed Critical Carrier Corp
Assigned to CARRIER CORPORATION reassignment CARRIER CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BUSHNELL, PETER R.
Publication of US20110011115A1 publication Critical patent/US20110011115A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00007—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices
    • B60H1/00014—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices for load cargos on load transporting vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/3232—Cooling devices using compression particularly adapted for load transporting vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/04—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
    • F25D17/06—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D19/00—Arrangement or mounting of refrigeration units with respect to devices or objects to be refrigerated, e.g. infrared detectors
    • F25D19/003—Arrangement or mounting of refrigeration units with respect to devices or objects to be refrigerated, e.g. infrared detectors with respect to movable containers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2317/00—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2317/06—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation
    • F25D2317/066—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the air supply
    • F25D2317/0665—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the air supply from the top
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2317/00—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2317/06—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation
    • F25D2317/067—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by air ducts
    • F25D2317/0672—Outlet ducts

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to transport refrigeration and, more particularly, to the evaporator air management system of a trailer refrigeration system.
  • Trailer refrigeration systems are broadly composed a power system, refrigeration circuiting, air management systems and a control system which are all packaged in a unit mounted to the trailer. These systems are configured with a thermal barrier (or pod) that separates the refrigerated trailer side of the unit from the exterior side containing the engine, compressor and condenser.
  • the power system traditionally consists of a diesel engine and mechanical power transfer devices such as shafts, clutches and belt drives. More recently electric generators have been coupled to the diesel engine and power is then transferred to other system components electrically.
  • the basic refrigeration circuit includes the compressor, evaporator heat exchanger, condenser heat exchanger, expansion device, piping and valves. The compressor is driven by the power system either mechanically or electrically as described above, and represents the primary load on the power system.
  • Evaporator and condenser air management systems consist of mechanically or electrically powered (motorized) fans which drive flow through the heat exchangers and other flow-path systems associated with the equipment.
  • the fans generally consume much less power than the compressor, but otherwise represent the remaining significant power load.
  • Design of the air management systems encompasses the coordination of fans, heat exchangers and flow-path arrangement, and the choice of design has a significant affect on the fan power requirement.
  • the control system includes the hardware (electrical circuiting and sensors) and software necessary to manage all aspects of system operation.
  • the present invention relates specifically to the evaporator air management system for trailer refrigeration, the function of which is to circulate air through the trailer cargo load and back through the evaporator coil, which subsequently removes heat from the air stream and thereby cools the cargo.
  • Centrifugal fans are customarily used for trailer evaporator air management, representing the majority of prior art.
  • a single large centrifugal fan is typically used (however, systems are produced which use a single cross-flow fan).
  • the newer systems which use electrically powered fans also utilize centrifugal fans. Two smaller fans are typically used in these electric systems.
  • the centrifugal fans are generally encased in scroll housings which improves the fan performance and in some cases provides a natural 90 degree flow turn which can be advantageous.
  • the fans are typically oriented in a draw-through arrangement with the evaporator coil discharging directly into the trailer.
  • Traditional belt drive evaporator fans are generally oriented with the shaft horizontal to reduce mechanical complexity. Electrically powered fans may have a vertical shaft orientation.
  • centrifugal fan systems tend to occupy a disproportionate amount of space in the trailer refrigeration system, particularly due to their large scroll housings. In many cases this leads to non-optimized coordination with the evaporator heat exchanger and excessive flow losses. Those losses must then be overcome by the fan, leading to excessive fan power consumption. Furthermore, this space problem can be invasive with respect to design of the condenser air management system. That is, less useable space and options are available when designing the condenser air system.
  • an electrically powered, vertical axis, axial flow fan is arranged so as to draw air through a horizontally mounted evaporator coil and drive it upward through a nozzle which turns the flow 90° and discharges into the trailer.
  • the nozzle shape graduates from a circular to a wide aspect ratio rectangular cross-section (width to height ratio greater than 3 ) while turning through 90°.
  • a pair of side-by-side axial fans may be used or a single fan/nozzle can be used and can be placed in the center or off-set transversely in the system.
  • the fan is specifically of the vane-axial type, incorporating outlet guide vanes.
  • FIG. 1 is a rear perspective view of a trailer refrigeration unit in accordance with the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 is another rear perspective view of a portion thereof in accordance with the prior art.
  • FIG. 3 is a rear perspective view of an evaporator air system with an axial fan and nozzle configuration in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective cut away view of an evaporator air system with an axial fan and nozzle in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a side cross sectional view thereof.
  • FIG. 6 is an isometric line drawing thereof in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 7 is an isometric line drawing in accordance with another embodiment of the invention.
  • a truck trailer refrigeration system in accordance with the prior art is shown at 11 in FIG. 1 as mounted to the front end of a truck trailer 12 .
  • the system 11 includes an exterior section 13 and interior section 14 .
  • the exterior section 13 includes a condenser and a fan for circulating ambient air therethrough for the purpose of condensing the refrigerant in the system.
  • an evaporator coil is provided, together with the fan or fans for drawing air through the coil.
  • the return air from the trailer is therefore drawn into the opening 16 passed through the evaporator coil to be cooled and is then blown out of a top opening 17 to be circulated rearwardly in the truck trailer 12 to cool the cargo therein.
  • FIG. 2 Shown in FIG. 2 is an example of a prior art evaporator section 18 with an evaporator coil 19 placed in a generally horizontal disposition but preferable at an incline as shown, and exposed to an opening 21 which fluidly communicates with the opening 16 as shown in FIG. 1 .
  • Near the top of the evaporator section 18 are disposed a pair of electrically powered centrifugal fans 22 and 23 with respective scroll casings 24 and 26 .
  • Behind the fans 22 and 23 are respective openings 27 and 28 which fluidly communicate with the openings 17 as shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the fans 22 and 23 draw in air through the opening 16 and cause it to pass through the evaporator coil 19 to be cooled, after which it is discharged by the fans 22 and 23 from the opening 17 for distribution within the trailer 12 .
  • FIGS. 3-6 An evaporator fan arrangement in accordance with the present invention is shown in FIGS. 3-6 as installed in an evaporator section 31 . Rather than using centrifugal fans as in the prior art, a single axial flow fan is provided, along with an associated nozzle.
  • the evaporator coil 32 is disposed in a lower portion of the evaporator section 31 and is preferably placed at an angle as shown to increase the effective surface area and assist in condensate drainage.
  • Inlet opening 33 is provided for the inward flow of return air from the interior of the trailer unit.
  • the fan and nozzle unit 36 Mounted on a support deck 34 is the fan and nozzle unit 36 . Mounted in the bottom of the fan and nozzle 36 is an axial fan 37 and its electric drive motor 38 , with their axes being vertically oriented, and with the drive motor 38 disposed above the axial fan 37 .
  • the axial fan is of the vane-axial type, incorporating outlet guide vanes.
  • the nozzle 39 is, of course, round near its lower end so as to surround the axial fan 37 . As it rises upwardly from the circular lower end, it decreases in cross sectional area and gradually transitions from the circular shape to a wide aspect ratio rectangular cross section while turning 90° to an opening 41 facing rearwardly.
  • the opening 41 has a width to height ratio which is greater than 3 in order to maintain the consistent airflow pattern that will carry through into the trailer.
  • the fan and nozzle unit 36 has been shown as being centrally located within the evaporator section 31 , it should be understood that it may be placed in a laterally offset position to either side of the centerline for a particular desired application. For example, such an offset position may accommodate the installation of other components in one side or the other thereof.
  • an alternative embodiment provides for a pair of fan and nozzle units 42 and 43 in side-by-side relationship as shown. Each would operate in the same manner as the unit 36 as described hereinabove, but with the two units cooperating to draw in return air and deliver cooled air to the trailer unit.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Cold Air Circulating Systems And Constructional Details In Refrigerators (AREA)
US12/667,290 2007-07-24 2007-07-24 Evaporator air management system for trailer refrigeration Abandoned US20110011115A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2007/016631 WO2009014514A1 (en) 2007-07-24 2007-07-24 Evaporator air management system for trailer refrigeration

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20110011115A1 true US20110011115A1 (en) 2011-01-20

Family

ID=40281606

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/667,290 Abandoned US20110011115A1 (en) 2007-07-24 2007-07-24 Evaporator air management system for trailer refrigeration

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20110011115A1 (ru)
EP (1) EP2174082B1 (ru)
CN (1) CN101755181B (ru)
BR (1) BRPI0721861A2 (ru)
ES (1) ES2805136T3 (ru)
RU (1) RU2472081C2 (ru)
WO (1) WO2009014514A1 (ru)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130247600A1 (en) * 2012-03-22 2013-09-26 B/E Aerospace, Inc. Vehicle Refrigeration Equipment Having a Vapor Cycle System
US20160076806A1 (en) * 2012-08-22 2016-03-17 Carrier Corporation Refrigerated Container and Duct Extension
US9464839B2 (en) 2011-04-04 2016-10-11 Carrier Corporation Semi-electric mobile refrigerated system
US9776473B2 (en) 2012-09-20 2017-10-03 Thermo King Corporation Electrical transport refrigeration system
US20180264909A1 (en) * 2015-02-23 2018-09-20 Carrier Corporation Transport refrigeration unit
US20180274838A1 (en) * 2017-03-27 2018-09-27 Veba Meditemp B.V. Air temperature regulating device
US10408523B2 (en) 2011-12-20 2019-09-10 Carrier Corporation Component mounting in an integrated refrigerated container
CN111936330A (zh) * 2018-04-13 2020-11-13 开利公司 运输制冷系统
EP4148350A3 (en) * 2021-09-10 2023-05-17 Carrier Corporation Transport refrigeration system with counter-rotating fan assembly

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20190232750A1 (en) * 2016-07-28 2019-08-01 Carrier Corporation Air supply system comprising a trailer, a refrigeration unit and an air supply nozzle
CN106251917B (zh) * 2016-08-25 2017-11-03 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 一种管式非能动空气冷却系统外部灾害防护装置
US20240003611A1 (en) * 2022-07-01 2024-01-04 Carrier Corporation Refrigeration system stator mount

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US3412571A (en) * 1966-10-12 1968-11-26 Andrew T. Bolynn Refrigeration system
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US4365484A (en) * 1981-02-24 1982-12-28 Carrier Corporation Transport refrigeration machine
US4979431A (en) * 1988-11-08 1990-12-25 Mitsui O. S. K. Lines, Ltd. Gaseous flow construction of box member for refrigerated transportion and box member for refrigerated transportation using the same
US5609037A (en) * 1994-11-15 1997-03-11 Fischler; Richard Self-contained vehicle refrigeration unit
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US20030037912A1 (en) * 2001-08-22 2003-02-27 Carrier Corporation Nozzle cover
US6928830B1 (en) * 2004-07-29 2005-08-16 Carrier Corporation Linearly actuated manual fresh air exchange
US20050232765A1 (en) * 2004-04-20 2005-10-20 Masanori Watanabe Axial flow fan

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2793634A (en) * 1951-04-02 1957-05-28 Acf Ind Inc Automatic starting device
US3412571A (en) * 1966-10-12 1968-11-26 Andrew T. Bolynn Refrigeration system
US4152094A (en) * 1975-10-31 1979-05-01 Hitachi, Ltd. Axial fan
US4352215A (en) * 1979-04-17 1982-10-05 Karsten Laing Jet stream device
US4365484A (en) * 1981-02-24 1982-12-28 Carrier Corporation Transport refrigeration machine
US4979431A (en) * 1988-11-08 1990-12-25 Mitsui O. S. K. Lines, Ltd. Gaseous flow construction of box member for refrigerated transportion and box member for refrigerated transportation using the same
US5609037A (en) * 1994-11-15 1997-03-11 Fischler; Richard Self-contained vehicle refrigeration unit
US5916253A (en) * 1998-05-04 1999-06-29 Carrier Corporation Compact trailer refrigeration unit
US6168518B1 (en) * 1999-04-07 2001-01-02 Unico, Inc. Vent structure with slotted rectangular outlet
US20030037912A1 (en) * 2001-08-22 2003-02-27 Carrier Corporation Nozzle cover
US20050232765A1 (en) * 2004-04-20 2005-10-20 Masanori Watanabe Axial flow fan
US6928830B1 (en) * 2004-07-29 2005-08-16 Carrier Corporation Linearly actuated manual fresh air exchange

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9464839B2 (en) 2011-04-04 2016-10-11 Carrier Corporation Semi-electric mobile refrigerated system
US10408523B2 (en) 2011-12-20 2019-09-10 Carrier Corporation Component mounting in an integrated refrigerated container
US20130247600A1 (en) * 2012-03-22 2013-09-26 B/E Aerospace, Inc. Vehicle Refrigeration Equipment Having a Vapor Cycle System
US10488084B2 (en) 2012-03-22 2019-11-26 B/E Aerospace, Inc. Vehicle refrigeration equipment having a vapor cycle system
US20160076806A1 (en) * 2012-08-22 2016-03-17 Carrier Corporation Refrigerated Container and Duct Extension
US10502475B2 (en) * 2012-08-22 2019-12-10 Carrier Corporation Refrigerated container and duct extension
US9776473B2 (en) 2012-09-20 2017-10-03 Thermo King Corporation Electrical transport refrigeration system
US10377209B2 (en) 2012-09-20 2019-08-13 Thermo King Corporation Electrical transport refrigeration system
US20180264909A1 (en) * 2015-02-23 2018-09-20 Carrier Corporation Transport refrigeration unit
US11465463B2 (en) * 2015-02-23 2022-10-11 Carrier Corporation Transport refrigeration unit
US20180274838A1 (en) * 2017-03-27 2018-09-27 Veba Meditemp B.V. Air temperature regulating device
CN111936330A (zh) * 2018-04-13 2020-11-13 开利公司 运输制冷系统
EP4148350A3 (en) * 2021-09-10 2023-05-17 Carrier Corporation Transport refrigeration system with counter-rotating fan assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101755181B (zh) 2013-03-06
EP2174082A4 (en) 2011-04-20
RU2472081C2 (ru) 2013-01-10
EP2174082B1 (en) 2020-07-08
EP2174082A1 (en) 2010-04-14
RU2010106230A (ru) 2011-08-27
CN101755181A (zh) 2010-06-23
ES2805136T3 (es) 2021-02-10
WO2009014514A1 (en) 2009-01-29
BRPI0721861A2 (pt) 2014-02-18

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AS Assignment

Owner name: CARRIER CORPORATION, CONNECTICUT

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BUSHNELL, PETER R.;REEL/FRAME:023717/0480

Effective date: 20070719

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- AFTER EXAMINER'S ANSWER OR BOARD OF APPEALS DECISION