US20100325941A1 - Apparatus for Pest Control - Google Patents
Apparatus for Pest Control Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20100325941A1 US20100325941A1 US12/863,886 US86388609A US2010325941A1 US 20100325941 A1 US20100325941 A1 US 20100325941A1 US 86388609 A US86388609 A US 86388609A US 2010325941 A1 US2010325941 A1 US 2010325941A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- pest
- pests
- pesticide
- hollow station
- contact
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/20—Poisoning, narcotising, or burning insects
- A01M1/2005—Poisoning insects using bait stations
- A01M1/2016—Poisoning insects using bait stations for flying insects
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/02—Stationary means for catching or killing insects with devices or substances, e.g. food, pheronones attracting the insects
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus for pest control; and to the use of said apparatus for pest control.
- the insects lay their eggs into mostly species-specific host plants after which many of the species are named (e.g. olives for Bactrocera oleae , squashes and pumpkins for B. cucurbitae , etc.), and the hatching larvae can cause extensive feeding damage, in particular by their often marked preference for either vulnerable parts of their host plant such as flowers (anthophagy) or the parts of the host plants intended to be marketed, such as fruits (carpophagy).
- Control of these pests which, when occurring in larger amounts, may totally destroy the local harvest, is thus highly desirable but complicated by the fact that only about a third of the tephritid species described so far act as pests, whereas the remainder includes some important ecological regulators, such as species whose host plants are themselves agricultural pests.
- these stations are suboptimal in that
- the disadvantage of this approach is that it is exclusively those individuals displaying active seeking behaviour which are killed.
- These are the males of the species of interest, which have to be considered less important for the stability and reproductive potential of the population than the females, in particular in insect pests:
- As a single male may mate with a larger (often by orders of magnitude) number of females during its lifespan than vice versa, even highly efficient decimation of the males is unlikely to result in effective control of the pests, since the reproduction rate of the population is essentially determined by the number of fertile females available (recent studies have shown that in some species actually destruction of up to 99% of the males of an insect pest population may not affect the population's reproductive capacity significantly).
- the number of pest individuals present in any given environment is usually large enough, in particular when the pest is abundant enough to be an economically significant pest, to result in swift filling up and clogging of pheromone-baited traps, preventing contact of further visiting pests with the contact pesticide, thereby effectively rendering useless the traps.
- a large number of traps has to be dispersed over a considerable area (depending on the target pest and the attractant available, it is recommended to set up the traps at average distances amounting to no more than 10 m-25 m from each other for highly mobile insect pests), manually clearing out the traps is not efficiently feasible, in particular as this generally requires laborious operations including soap and water.
- the pest control apparatus comprises the pesticide inside a hollow station, but is built to permit the target pests to escape freely, the latter will still have, before eventually succumbing to the effects of the contact pesticide, sufficient time to leave the hollow station and to contaminate, during their normal social interactions, other members of their own species with the contact pesticide, thereby spreading the effect also to individuals which have never entered said apparatus and effectively multiplying the control effect (“cascade effect of mortality”).
- cascade effect of mortality This is of particular importance as this will result in a significant degree of transfer of the pesticide to the females, thereby much more effectively reducing the population's overall reproductive potential.
- Tephritids are particularly susceptible to this effect as they usually perform sophisticated mating ceremonies, allowing for plenty of contact between tainted and untainted individuals of both sexes.
- the invention thus relates to an apparatus for pest control comprising
- said contact pesticide being provided inside said hollow station, and the hollow station being designed to prevent the pests from remaining within said hollow station without expenditure of energy.
- the term “pheromone” is used to denote any agent or mixture or formulation of agents that has a strong and specific attraction for an individual insect species or any particular subgroup (developmental stage, sex, etc.) thereof, preferably such as are identical to the substances secreted by members of the target species themselves.
- suitable pheromones are available.
- fruit fly pheromones are preferred.
- the pheromone is 4-[p-hydroxyphenyl]-2-butanone acetate or methyl eugenol, preferably 4-[p-hydroxyphenyl]-2-butanone acetate.
- the term “contact pesticide” is used to denote any agent or mixture or formulation of agents that upon contact exerts a damaging influence on a pest as defined hereinbefore, e.g. that kills or disables the target pest or significantly interferes with its activities such as its feeding and/or reproduction, preferably kills the pest, without the need for active uptake (ingestion) by the target pest.
- the contact pesticide acts slowly, more preferably so that under the conditions encountered the target pest can be expected to be still alive when leaving the apparatus of the invention.
- contact pesticides may be of any nature, including biological agents such as bacteria, viruses and fungi specific for the target pests, but chemical pesticides are most preferred.
- Appropriate chemical contact pesticides useful in the invention as well as their dosages and means for their synthesis and application are well-known to the person of average skill in the art and include, without being limited to contact insecticides
- the contact pesticide is selected from the group consisting of phenylpyrazoles, preferably the group consisting of fipronil, acetoprole and ethiprole and more preferably fipronil; neonicotinoides, preferably the group consisting of imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, clothianidin, acetampirid and thiacloprid; organo(thio)phosphates, preferably the group consisting of fenthion, fenitrothion, naled and malathion; macrocyclic lactones, preferably spinosad; and carbamates, preferably the group consisting of methomyl and carbaryl.
- phenylpyrazoles preferably the group consisting of fipronil, acetoprole and ethiprole and more preferably fipronil
- neonicotinoides preferably the group consisting of imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, clothianidin,
- the term “expenditure of energy” is used to denote any activity of the target pest that requires energy-consuming and coordinated activity and will therefore cease when the pest is dead or disabled, such as flying, walking, climbing, crawling, grabbing, holding, etc.
- a pest is considered as “disabled” when it is, in spite of still maintaining certain essential physiological functions, no longer capable of such coordinated activity and therefore prone to falling out of the apparatus of the invention.
- an apparatus designed to prevent pests from remaining inside will preferably not trap pests.
- trap is used to denote a spatial situation wherein the pest of interest is prevented from actively finding a way out of the apparatus.
- the apparatus comprises facilities for providing both the pheromone and the contact pesticide, and more preferred that the pheromone and the contact pesticide are provided in close spatial proximity within the apparatus of the invention, for example in the same element, so to increase the likelihood of the pest coming sufficiently into contact with the pesticide.
- both the pheromone and the contact pesticide are provided on a combined “poison station” such as a cardboard or fibreboard block impregnated therewith.
- a combined “poison station” such as a cardboard or fibreboard block impregnated therewith.
- a most preferred embodiment uses the Amulet C-L Fruit Fly Station as the common carrier for the pheromone and the contact pesticide.
- this will typically be a hook in the ceiling of the interior cavity from which the poison station can be suspended.
- the apparatus may comprise cups or receptacles, e.g. moulded into the insides of the interior cavity, for holding the pheromone and/or the contact pesticide.
- the choice and arrangement of the holding facilities depends on the nature of the pheromone and the contact pesticide and on the anatomy and ethology of the target pest, and will be readily selected by the skilled artisan.
- the walls of the hollow station are essentially opaque in order to be clearly visible to the pests, thereby allowing them to easily find their way out again.
- the walls are UV-opaque as it is assumed, without wishing to be bound by theory, that many pests, such as most insect pests, preferably use short wavelength light for orientation.
- the apparatus comprises a means for protecting the pheromone and the contact pesticide from rainwater.
- the inside of the hollow station does not comprise a resting place for pests.
- the term “resting place” is used to denote any location upon which pests may abide without expenditure of energy or usage of specialized organs of attachment and upon which, consequently, dead or disabled pests may accumulate, including but not limited to essentially horizontal planes, ledges and concave structures opening upwards. The person of average skill in the art will easily recognize and eliminate potential resting places for the target pests.
- At least one entrance is facing downwards.
- facing downwards is used to denote any arrangement whereby objects in free fall or sliding leave the hollow station through said entrance rather than enter it or remain in it.
- the inside walls of the hollow station provide no footing for the pests.
- footing is used to denote a surface that allows pests to get a foothold. It is within the ken of the person of average skill in the art to provide coated, e.g. waxed, or polished surfaces upon which pests are unable to gain a footing.
- the geometry of the interior of the hollow station of the apparatus is designed so that from every point in space within said interior hollow station there exists at least one linear, unimpeded line to at least one point in space outside the apparatus.
- unimpeded is used to denote the absence of any spatial structure, transparent or opaque, intersecting with said line. Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is contemplated that this design will help pests to freely enter and exit the apparatus.
- the geometry of the interior of the hollow station of the apparatus is designed so that there exists at least one linear, unimpeded line from least one point in space outside the apparatus via at least one point in space within said interior hollow station to at least one other point in space outside the apparatus.
- the apparatus comprises a closed dome and one entrance facing downwards.
- the apparatus comprises an angulated tube and two entrances facing downwards.
- the entrance or entrances are further covered with a lattice or grille designed to allow entry of the target pests while locking out larger animals which are still small enough to enter the dome.
- the apparatus is designed to be dismountable.
- the apparatus preferably comprises a plurality of individual pieces which are manufactured separately and assembled prior to use.
- the apparatus may be disassembled and reassembled an arbitrary number of times, thereby facilitating cleaning of its interior and exchange or refilling of the pheromone and/or pesticide when required.
- the apparatus comprises at least two parts which can be fitted to each other by means of a screw cap linkage.
- the invention relates to the use of the apparatus of the first aspect for pest control.
- the nature and availability of the contact pesticide are selected so that during the expected stay of a target pest within the apparatus said pest is exposed to a dosage of the pesticide that is sufficient for eventually doing the intended damage but insufficient to kill the pest while it is still within the apparatus; and more preferably, so that during the expected stay of a target pest within the apparatus said pest is exposed to a dosage of the pesticide that is sufficient for eventually doing the intended damage but insufficient to reduce the pest to a disabled state while within the apparatus; and most preferably, sufficient for eventually doing the intended damage but insufficient to reduce the pest to a disabled state while within the apparatus or in its proximity.
- the pest is an insect pest, preferably a tephritid.
- the pheromone and/or the contact pesticide are replenished or exchanged regularly, e.g. in intervals of 90 to 120 days, while the apparatus can be reused infinitely.
- FIG. 1 a and FIG. 1 b schematically depict an embodiment of the apparatus of the invention, comprising a hollow dome, wherein FIG. 1 a provides a depiction of the apparatus as seen from outside, and FIG. 1 b provides a cross-section,
- FIG. 2 a and FIG. 2 b schematically depict an embodiment of the apparatus of the invention, comprising an angulated tube.
- FIG. 2 a provides a depiction of the apparatus as seen from outside
- FIG. 2 b provides a cross-section
- FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate the geometry of the embodiments of the apparatus of the invention, wherein in both Figures panel A shows a cross-section through a reference apparatus whereas panel B correspondingly depicts the geometry of an apparatus of the invention, and
- FIGS. 5 and 6 show photographs of exemplary embodiments of the apparatus of the invention.
- FIGS. 1 and 5 an exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown which uses a dome.
- the apparatus consists of a dome 150 , expediently made from hard plastic such as high-density polyethylene or PVC and manufactured using any commonly employed process.
- the dimensions of the apparatus are selected so to provide mechanical stability and easy handling.
- the dome is circular in cross-section, with an internal diameter of approximately 6 cm and a height (from the opening 160 to the top of the apex) of approximately 8 cm to 10 cm.
- the dome 150 is provided with an external bail or handle 155 , whereby it may be suspended or otherwise fixed at the location of use, e.g. by tying it, using a line (not shown), to a branch of a fruit tree.
- the external bail or handle 155 is depicted as being a separate entity; it may, however, be produced as an integral part of the dome 150 , or alternatively it may be manufactured from wire, as seen in FIG. 5 . When the external bail or handle 155 is a separate entity, it is attached to the dome by any commonly used means.
- the inside surface of the dome 170 may be coated (e.g. using wax) or polished so as not to afford a footing for insects.
- an internal bail or handle 185 from which is suspended, conveniently via the line 180 , the “poison station” 165 containing both the pheromone and the contact pesticide.
- the internal bail or handle 185 is depicted as being a separate entity; it may, however, form an integral part of the dome 150 , or the external bail or handle 155 may, particularly when formed from wire, enter the interior of the dome and be used as, with its part inside, as an internal bail or handle 185 , as seen in FIG. 5 .
- two minute holes in the wall of the dome 150 permit to introduce a single wire which is formed to afford both the external bail or handle 155 and the internal bail or handle 185 .
- the poison station 165 is small cardboard or fibreboard block impregnated with both the pheromone and the contact pesticide, such as the commercially available Amulet C-L Fruit Fly Station comprising Cue-lure and fipronil for control of the horticultural pest Bactrocera tiyoni (Queensland fruit fly).
- the contact pesticide such as the commercially available Amulet C-L Fruit Fly Station comprising Cue-lure and fipronil for control of the horticultural pest Bactrocera tiyoni (Queensland fruit fly).
- Pests may enter by way of the opening 160 when attracted by the pheromone, thereby coming into contact with the “poison station” 165 which is protected by the dome 150 from rainwater and mechanical damage, as well as from contact with humans and larger animals. They are free to move around through the internal space of the dome 150 , without ever being in danger of losing sensory contact with the outside, so they can freely withdraw and leave at any time they decide so. When the onset of disabling occurs while the pests are still within the apparatus, they fall out through the entrance 160 , as there are no structures to serve as a resting place.
- the entrance 160 is further covered with a lattice or grille with a size that is sufficient to allow the unhindered entry and exit of the target pests while locking out larger animals which would otherwise still be small enough to enter the dome.
- FIG. 3 illustrates the geometry of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 wherein FIG. 3 a shows a cross-section through a reference apparatus whereas FIG. 3 b correspondingly depicts the geometry of an apparatus of the invention.
- the hollow station 300 has an orifice 310 opening into an internal cavity 320 , wherein a portion 325 of the cavity 320 is located so that there is no linear, unimpeded line from any point of the portion 325 to the outside (arrow).
- FIG. 3 b from every point of the interior 360 of the hollow station 350 these is at least one such linear, unimpeded line to the outside.
- FIGS. 2 and 6 an exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown which differs from that of Example 1 in that it uses an angular tube 250 , comprising two openings 260 and 265 , in lieu of the dome. Otherwise, the structure of the apparatus essentially corresponds to that of Example 1.
- the embodiments of FIGS. 2 and 6 are therefore a “flow through” design as the pests may enter at one opening 260 , flow through the device and exit at the other opening 265 .
- the angle between the two arms of the tube 250 may e.g. 45° or 90°.
- the length A see FIG. 2 b
- the length B see FIG. 2 b
- FIG. 4 illustrates the geometry of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 wherein FIG. 4 a shows a cross-section through an apparatus being bent more whereas FIG. 4 b correspondingly depicts the geometry of an preferred apparatus of the invention being bent less.
- the design of the tube 400 is so that it is not possible to establish a straight line from any point outside via any point of the interior 405 to another point on the outside; by contrast, in FIG. 4 b the design of the tube 450 is so that it is possible to establish a straight line from at least one point outside via at least one point of the interior 455 to another point on the outside.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/863,886 US20100325941A1 (en) | 2008-01-25 | 2009-01-23 | Apparatus for Pest Control |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US2355308P | 2008-01-25 | 2008-01-25 | |
PCT/EP2009/050765 WO2009092783A1 (en) | 2008-01-25 | 2009-01-23 | Apparatus for pest control |
US12/863,886 US20100325941A1 (en) | 2008-01-25 | 2009-01-23 | Apparatus for Pest Control |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2009/050765 A-371-Of-International WO2009092783A1 (en) | 2008-01-25 | 2009-01-23 | Apparatus for pest control |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/287,554 Continuation US10172342B2 (en) | 2008-01-25 | 2014-05-27 | Apparatus for pest control |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20100325941A1 true US20100325941A1 (en) | 2010-12-30 |
Family
ID=40673477
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US12/863,886 Abandoned US20100325941A1 (en) | 2008-01-25 | 2009-01-23 | Apparatus for Pest Control |
US14/287,554 Expired - Fee Related US10172342B2 (en) | 2008-01-25 | 2014-05-27 | Apparatus for pest control |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/287,554 Expired - Fee Related US10172342B2 (en) | 2008-01-25 | 2014-05-27 | Apparatus for pest control |
Country Status (22)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20100325941A1 (es) |
EP (1) | EP2244565B1 (es) |
JP (1) | JP5430582B2 (es) |
KR (1) | KR20100120159A (es) |
CN (1) | CN102006772B (es) |
AR (1) | AR070251A1 (es) |
AT (1) | ATE522134T1 (es) |
AU (1) | AU2009207622B2 (es) |
BR (1) | BRPI0905763A2 (es) |
CR (1) | CR11595A (es) |
EG (1) | EG26054A (es) |
ES (1) | ES2371322T3 (es) |
IL (1) | IL206489A (es) |
MA (1) | MA32022B1 (es) |
MY (1) | MY150431A (es) |
NZ (1) | NZ586398A (es) |
PE (1) | PE20100016A1 (es) |
PL (1) | PL2244565T3 (es) |
TW (1) | TWI363599B (es) |
UY (1) | UY31613A1 (es) |
WO (1) | WO2009092783A1 (es) |
ZA (1) | ZA201005984B (es) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20100024279A1 (en) * | 2008-08-04 | 2010-02-04 | Thomas Alfred Plato | Device for attracting and controlling the coffee berry borer, hypothenemus hampei (coleoptera: scolytidae) |
US20120110892A1 (en) * | 2010-11-05 | 2012-05-10 | Nisus Corporation | Mosquito Trap |
US20150075060A1 (en) * | 2013-02-12 | 2015-03-19 | Jody Arthur Balsam | Apparatus and method for detection of insects |
US20170295773A1 (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2017-10-19 | Sylvia Michalski | Bait box for separating a feeding location bait box for separating a feeding location |
US10375948B2 (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2019-08-13 | National Institute of Forest Science | Trap for controlling termites |
US11737448B1 (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2023-08-29 | Richard Jess Rogers | Poison bait station device and associated methods |
Families Citing this family (2)
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US20120317868A1 (en) * | 2011-06-15 | 2012-12-20 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Flying insect attraction station |
GB201408388D0 (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2014-06-25 | Russell Ipm Ltd | Fruit fly control |
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2009
- 2009-01-22 TW TW098102654A patent/TWI363599B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-01-23 KR KR1020107018396A patent/KR20100120159A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-01-23 AU AU2009207622A patent/AU2009207622B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2009-01-23 US US12/863,886 patent/US20100325941A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-01-23 BR BRPI0905763-3A patent/BRPI0905763A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-01-23 AT AT09704424T patent/ATE522134T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-01-23 WO PCT/EP2009/050765 patent/WO2009092783A1/en active Application Filing
- 2009-01-23 JP JP2010543503A patent/JP5430582B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-01-23 AR ARP090100223A patent/AR070251A1/es active IP Right Grant
- 2009-01-23 ES ES09704424T patent/ES2371322T3/es active Active
- 2009-01-23 CN CN2009801029199A patent/CN102006772B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-01-23 PL PL09704424T patent/PL2244565T3/pl unknown
- 2009-01-23 EP EP09704424A patent/EP2244565B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2009-01-23 MY MYPI20103056 patent/MY150431A/en unknown
- 2009-01-23 NZ NZ586398A patent/NZ586398A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-01-23 PE PE2009000098A patent/PE20100016A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-01-26 UY UY31613A patent/UY31613A1/es unknown
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2010
- 2010-06-20 IL IL206489A patent/IL206489A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-07-16 MA MA33023A patent/MA32022B1/fr unknown
- 2010-07-20 EG EG2010071232A patent/EG26054A/en active
- 2010-07-26 CR CR11595A patent/CR11595A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-08-23 ZA ZA2010/05984A patent/ZA201005984B/en unknown
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2014
- 2014-05-27 US US14/287,554 patent/US10172342B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20100024279A1 (en) * | 2008-08-04 | 2010-02-04 | Thomas Alfred Plato | Device for attracting and controlling the coffee berry borer, hypothenemus hampei (coleoptera: scolytidae) |
US8943743B2 (en) * | 2008-08-04 | 2015-02-03 | Plato Industries Ltd | Device for attracting and controlling the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) |
US20120110892A1 (en) * | 2010-11-05 | 2012-05-10 | Nisus Corporation | Mosquito Trap |
US20150075060A1 (en) * | 2013-02-12 | 2015-03-19 | Jody Arthur Balsam | Apparatus and method for detection of insects |
US10375948B2 (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2019-08-13 | National Institute of Forest Science | Trap for controlling termites |
US20170295773A1 (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2017-10-19 | Sylvia Michalski | Bait box for separating a feeding location bait box for separating a feeding location |
US11064692B2 (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2021-07-20 | Sylvia Michalski | Bait box for separating a feeding location bait box for separating a feeding location |
US11737448B1 (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2023-08-29 | Richard Jess Rogers | Poison bait station device and associated methods |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2244565A1 (en) | 2010-11-03 |
AU2009207622A1 (en) | 2009-07-30 |
JP5430582B2 (ja) | 2014-03-05 |
ATE522134T1 (de) | 2011-09-15 |
ZA201005984B (en) | 2011-10-26 |
KR20100120159A (ko) | 2010-11-12 |
PE20100016A1 (es) | 2010-02-20 |
TWI363599B (en) | 2012-05-11 |
IL206489A (en) | 2013-04-30 |
ES2371322T3 (es) | 2011-12-29 |
BRPI0905763A2 (pt) | 2015-07-14 |
US10172342B2 (en) | 2019-01-08 |
AU2009207622B2 (en) | 2013-07-18 |
EP2244565B1 (en) | 2011-08-31 |
AR070251A1 (es) | 2010-03-25 |
CN102006772B (zh) | 2012-09-05 |
TW200944123A (en) | 2009-11-01 |
JP2011509678A (ja) | 2011-03-31 |
UY31613A1 (es) | 2009-08-03 |
CN102006772A (zh) | 2011-04-06 |
CR11595A (es) | 2010-11-22 |
EG26054A (en) | 2013-01-16 |
PL2244565T3 (pl) | 2012-01-31 |
MA32022B1 (fr) | 2011-01-03 |
NZ586398A (en) | 2011-12-22 |
US20140366429A1 (en) | 2014-12-18 |
IL206489A0 (en) | 2010-12-30 |
WO2009092783A1 (en) | 2009-07-30 |
MY150431A (en) | 2014-01-30 |
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