US20080308664A1 - Method For Monitoring a Yarn Transforming Process - Google Patents

Method For Monitoring a Yarn Transforming Process Download PDF

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Publication number
US20080308664A1
US20080308664A1 US11/993,486 US99348606A US2008308664A1 US 20080308664 A1 US20080308664 A1 US 20080308664A1 US 99348606 A US99348606 A US 99348606A US 2008308664 A1 US2008308664 A1 US 2008308664A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
yarn
speed
spindle
bobbin
amount
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Abandoned
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US11/993,486
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English (en)
Inventor
Christophe Vega
Florent Beauducel
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RITM
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RITM
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Assigned to RITM reassignment RITM ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: VEGA, CHRISTOPHE, BEAUDUCEL, FLORENT
Publication of US20080308664A1 publication Critical patent/US20080308664A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01HSPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H1/00Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously
    • D01H1/10Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously for imparting multiple twist, e.g. two-for-one twisting
    • D01H1/105Arrangements using hollow spindles, i.e. the yarns are running through the spindle of the unwound bobbins
    • D01H1/106Two-for-one twisting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H59/00Adjusting or controlling tension in filamentary material, e.g. for preventing snarling; Applications of tension indicators
    • B65H59/38Adjusting or controlling tension in filamentary material, e.g. for preventing snarling; Applications of tension indicators by regulating speed of driving mechanism of unwinding, paying-out, forwarding, winding, or depositing devices, e.g. automatically in response to variations in tension
    • B65H59/384Adjusting or controlling tension in filamentary material, e.g. for preventing snarling; Applications of tension indicators by regulating speed of driving mechanism of unwinding, paying-out, forwarding, winding, or depositing devices, e.g. automatically in response to variations in tension using electronic means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H63/00Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions ; Quality control of the package
    • B65H63/08Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions ; Quality control of the package responsive to delivery of a measured length of material, completion of winding of a package, or filling of a receptacle
    • B65H63/082Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions ; Quality control of the package responsive to delivery of a measured length of material, completion of winding of a package, or filling of a receptacle responsive to a predetermined size or diameter of the package
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H63/00Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions ; Quality control of the package
    • B65H63/08Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions ; Quality control of the package responsive to delivery of a measured length of material, completion of winding of a package, or filling of a receptacle
    • B65H63/086Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions ; Quality control of the package responsive to delivery of a measured length of material, completion of winding of a package, or filling of a receptacle responsive to completion of unwinding of a package
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01HSPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H1/00Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously
    • D01H1/14Details
    • D01H1/20Driving or stopping arrangements
    • D01H1/24Driving or stopping arrangements for twisting or spinning arrangements, e.g. spindles
    • D01H1/244Driving or stopping arrangements for twisting or spinning arrangements, e.g. spindles each spindle driven by an electric motor
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01HSPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H1/00Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously
    • D01H1/14Details
    • D01H1/20Driving or stopping arrangements
    • D01H1/28Driving or stopping arrangements for two or more machine elements possessing different characteristics but in operative association
    • D01H1/30Driving or stopping arrangements for two or more machine elements possessing different characteristics but in operative association with two or more speeds; with variable-speed arrangements
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01HSPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H13/00Other common constructional features, details or accessories
    • D01H13/10Tension devices
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01HSPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H13/00Other common constructional features, details or accessories
    • D01H13/10Tension devices
    • D01H13/104Regulating tension by devices acting on running yarn and not associated with supply or take-up devices
    • D01H13/106Regulating tension by devices acting on running yarn and not associated with supply or take-up devices for double-twist spindle
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01HSPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H13/00Other common constructional features, details or accessories
    • D01H13/32Counting, measuring, recording or registering devices
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02GCRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/26Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre with characteristics dependent on the amount or direction of twist
    • D02G3/28Doubled, plied, or cabled threads
    • D02G3/285Doubled, plied, or cabled threads one yarn running over the feeding spool of another yarn
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2511/00Dimensions; Position; Numbers; Identification; Occurrences
    • B65H2511/10Size; Dimensions
    • B65H2511/14Diameter, e.g. of roll or package
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2513/00Dynamic entities; Timing aspects
    • B65H2513/10Speed
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65HHANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/30Handled filamentary material
    • B65H2701/31Textiles threads or artificial strands of filaments

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of the transformation of continuous elongated materials, in particular, textile yarns, which are designated here below as “yarn”, such as, for example, methods for twisting, for single, double or multiple twist.
  • the invention relates to transformation processes in which the yarn is unspooled from a feed bobbin, passed through a spindle which twists it upon itself, while being delivered to a member placed downstream, for example a delivery member and/or a rewind spooling system, or even to another transformation process.
  • the combination of the unspooling, twisting, delivery, rewinding system means constitutes a transformation unit, which is designated herebelow as “working position”, each working position being independent of or associated with other adjacent working positions.
  • the transformation process is limited by the unspooling conditions of the feed bobbin or bobbins.
  • the diameter of the bobbin decreases as the unspooling proceeds, thereby affecting the yarn unspooling conditions on the periphery of the bobbin.
  • the rotation of the unspooling point around the bobbin that is, the point where the yarn leaves the periphery of the bobbin, accelerates as the bobbin diameter decreases, thereby increasing, for example, the unspooling tensions, the irregularity of these tensions, and also the twisting of the yarn upon itself due to this rotation. This influence may affect the quality of the transformation process and/or limit its performance.
  • FIG. 1 Such an influence is particularly important for multiple twisting processes, in particular for double twisting processes.
  • FIG. 1 Reference can be made to FIG. 1 to understand the principle thereof, which is recalled here, and which is known to a person skilled in the art.
  • This support ( 3 ) is coaxially subjected to the pin of the spindle ( 4 ) by means such as ball bearings, and it is prevented from rotating about itself by retaining means acting by gravity, or by a magnetic or mechanical force, so that the bobbin ( 2 ) and its support ( 3 ) do not rotate.
  • the yarn ( 1 ) unspooled from the bobbin ( 2 ) is introduced into a channel made in the pin of the spindle ( 4 ), and exits via an orifice ( 5 ) opening radially in a cylindrical or conical zone called reserve ( 6 ) placed below the support of the bobbin ( 3 ).
  • the yarn winds a few fractions of turns on the reserve ( 6 ) then forms an arc circumventing the bobbin ( 2 ) and its support ( 3 ), to meet a fixed thread guide ( 7 ), before being pulled by downstream members ( 8 , 9 ) at a given speed V (delivery speed).
  • the downstream members often consist of a pre-delivery member ( 8 ), designed to decrease the yarn tension, and a positive delivery member ( 9 ), the latter guaranteeing the speed V.
  • the yarn ( 1 ) rotates about the bobbin ( 2 ) and its support ( 3 ) forming a “balloon”.
  • the rotation causes the first twisting of the yarn on itself between the inlet of the spindle and its radial orifice ( 5 ) and a second twisting of the yarn on itself between the radial orifice ( 5 ) and the fixed thread guide ( 7 ).
  • the spindle rotates at N rev/min and if the yarn is pulled at V metres/min, in each minute the yarn receives 2 N twists distributed over V metres, or 2N/V twists per metre.
  • the stability of the process is based on the balance between the tension due to the centrifugal force created by the rotation of the balloon, and the yarn retaining force between the feed bobbin and the said balloon. This retaining force is distributed between the unspooling forces, the friction of the yarn in the winding on the reserve, and auxiliary braking means.
  • the spindle cap is formed of an arm ( 10 ) which can rotate freely about the pin of the spindle ( 4 ) and carries a thread guide ( 11 ) at its end.
  • the yarn ( 1 ) passes through the thread guide ( 11 ), which has the effect of eliminating the friction of the yarn along the periphery and the side of the bobbin.
  • spindle cap rotates at the same time as the yarn ( 1 ) to accompany it in its unspooling, this rotation generally being braked by a friction, magnetic or other device, supplying a resistive torque intended to generate the braking force necessary for the equilibrium of the process.
  • the production speed is limited so that the speed of rotation of the spindle cap and/or the tensions generated by the unspooling remain below permissible values, while observing that this speed or these limit tensions are only reached at the end of unspooling of the feed bobbin.
  • a device and a method have been found for monitoring a yarn transforming process which serve to solve this problem rationally and to obtain a significant increase in the productivity of the yarn transformation installations, particularly in the case of twisting processes such as double twist, in which the unspooling is carried out using a spindle cap.
  • the method for monitoring the process consists in adjusting the unspooling speed and, in a coordinated manner, the other parameters associated with the transformation process, as a function of a quantity representative of the amount of yarn remaining wound on at least one of the bobbins, so that the said unspooling speed remains below the limits imposed by the unspooling conditions on the said bobbin.
  • the quantity representative of the amount of yarn remaining wound on a bobbin may be its diameter, its weight, its mass, the length of yarn wound on the bobbin, or any other quantity, which can be obtained for example by:
  • the combination of means implemented for the transformation of a yarn constitute a self-contained working position, that is, these members are individually controlled by independent means, so that the transformation process parameters can be adjusted as a function of a quantity representative of the amount of yarn remaining wound on at least one of the bobbins used in working position, independently of the status of the adjacent working positions.
  • the process monitoring method consists in:
  • the law of variation of the speed of rotation of the spindle (and proportionally the speed of traction) as a function of the amount of yarn remaining wound on the feed bobbin comprises a substantially constant zone between the initial amount of the full bobbin and an intermediate amount, and a substantially decreasing zone between the said intermediate amount and the minimum amount (or zero) at the end of unspooling.
  • Another problem that the invention proposes to solve is to compensate for the variation in twisting of the yarn resulting from the acceleration of the rotation of the unspooling point around the bobbin as its diameter decreases.
  • the speed of rotation of the spindle and the speed of traction of the yarn are controlled by one or more motorizations independent of those of the adjacent positions, by adjusting the speed of rotation of the spindle and the speeds of the delivery members as a function of a quantity representative of the amount of yarn remaining on the feed bobbin in a variable ratio, thereby conferring on the yarn a variable twist per meter, as a function of the said quantity representative of the amount of yarn remaining on the feed bobbin, in order to compensate for the variations in twist per metre caused by the unspooling as a function of the said diameter.
  • the speed of rotation of the spindle and the speed of traction of the yarn are controlled by one or more motorizations independent of those of the adjacent positions, by adjusting the speed of rotation of the spindle and the speeds of the delivery members as a function of a quantity representative of the amount of yarn remaining on the feed bobbin in a variable ratio, thereby conferring on the yarn a variable twist per meter, and of a law of variation as a function of the said quantity representative of the amount of yarn remaining on the feed bobbin, in order to compensate for the variations in twist per metre caused by the unspooling or respooling operations of the twisting process or the upstream or downstream transformation processes.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a double twist process according to the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 shows a diagram illustrating the production speed limits as the unspooling of the feed bobbin proceeds, according to the prior art.
  • FIG. 3 shows a diagram illustrating the production speed limits as the unspooling of the feed bobbin proceeds, according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the invention applied to the double twist process.
  • the invention is described here in detail in its application to the double twist process.
  • This exemplary application is non-limiting, and other applications can be considered such as single twist, multiple twist, direct stranding, covering.
  • the invention applies to any yarn transforming process in which at least one yarn is unspooled from at least one bobbin using a spindle cap, in which the variation in the quantity of yarn remaining wound on at least one of the feed bobbins (or the diameter of the said bobbin) gives rise to unspooling conditions which affect the quality or performance of the transformation process.
  • FIG. 1 Reference can be made to FIG. 1 and to the corresponding analysis, the same numerals being resumed in the rest of the description.
  • the time (t) is plotted on the x-axis and the production speed (V) is plotted on the y-axis.
  • the speed (V) equally represents (to the nearest proportional factor) the speed of the spindle or the delivery speed because, to obtain a given torsion, these two speeds are related by a fixed ratio.
  • the bobbin ( 2 ) is full (maximum outside diameter). As production proceeds, the diameter of the bobbin ( 2 ) decreases, until the end of the production ( 21 ) where it reaches its final value (which is generally close to or equal to the diameter of the empty bobbin).
  • the production speed (V) is limited by the centrifugal forces generated by the rotation of the balloon.
  • the centrifugal force tends to increase the diameter of the balloon and the tensions in the yarn ( 1 ). It is therefore necessary to limit the speed of rotation to remain below a diameter corresponding to the available space (particularly the centreline distance between adjacent spindles).
  • the speed of rotation must also be limited to remain below the tensions acceptable by the yarn (to avoid breaking it or jeopardizing its strength by subjecting it to excessive stresses). This limit depends on the nature and count of the yarn, and on the geometry of the device. It does not depend on the diameter of the feed bobbin ( 2 ) and is therefore substantially constant over time. This speed limit is shown by the line ( 22 ).
  • the production speed is also limited by the speed of rotation of the unspooling point, due for example to the change in the resultant unspooling forces which, for a given delivery speed, increase as the diameter of the bobbin ( 2 ) decreases.
  • the permissible production speed (corresponding here to the delivery speed) decreases as the diameter of the bobbin ( 2 ) decreases and therefore decreases as a function of time.
  • the speed limit is shown by the line ( 23 ).
  • the curve of the speed limit due to unspooling ( 23 ) may remain above the limit speed ( 22 ) due to the rotation of the balloon throughout the time between the start ( 20 ) and end ( 21 ) of production. In this case, it is possible to set a constant production speed ( 25 ), according to the prior art.
  • the curve of the speed limit due to unspooling ( 23 ) falls below the limit due to the rotation of the balloon ( 22 ) from a point ( 24 ) corresponding to a certain quantity of yarn remaining wound on the bobbin ( 2 ).
  • a constant speed limit ( 25 ) is adopted, that is, below the curve ( 23 ) at the end ( 21 ) of production ( FIG. 2 ).
  • the process monitoring method consists in:
  • control of the spindle ( 4 ) and the traction means ( 8 , 9 , etc.) have individual motorizations ( 12 , 13 , 14 , etc.) controlled by speed variators ( 15 , 16 , 17 ), each receiving a setpoint from a computation unit ( 18 ), such as an electronic card, programmable logic controller or other.
  • the data representative of the amount of yarn remaining wound on the bobbin ( 2 ) is communicated to the computation unit ( 18 ) which modifies the speed setpoints according to the laws of variation as a function of the said quantity.
  • the law of variation ( 26 ) of the speed of rotation of the spindle (and proportionally the speed of traction) as a function of the amount of yarn remaining wound on the feed bobbin ( 2 ), comprises a substantially constant zone between the start of production of the initial amount of the full bobbin and an intermediate amount ( 24 ), and a substantially decreasing zone between the said intermediate amount ( 24 ) and the minimum amount (or zero) at the end of unspooling ( 21 ).
  • the process control method consists in:
  • such a compensation consists in establishing a law of variation of the ratio between the delivery speed and the spindle speed in order to compensate for variations in torsion caused by all the rewinding, unspooling and transformation phases upstream or downstream of the twisting process.
  • the process control method consists in:
  • the quantity representative of the amount of yarn remaining wound on the bobbin ( 2 ) may, for example, be:
  • the measurement means mentioned above may be placed outside the said support and outside the balloon formed by the yarn. They may also be mounted with the bobbin ( 2 ) or its support ( 3 ) inside the said balloon, in which case, the data may be transmitted by any infrared, radiofrequency or other means.
  • the quantity representative of the amount of yarn remaining wound on the bobbin ( 2 ) may also be determined by a computation, from data representative of the variation in this quantity. For example, for a given production speed, this quantity of yarn on the feed bobbin decreases in accordance with the weight or length removed per unit of time.
  • the amount of yarn remaining wound on the bobbin and hence the variation in its weight and/or in its diameter can be calculated, for example, from:
  • the calculation can be carried out in the computer ( 18 ) or by any other external means and communicated thereto, for example by a network ( 19 ).
  • the determination of the quantity representative of the amount of yarn remaining wound on the bobbin, the calculation of the production speed and its transmission to the means for monitoring the members, particularly the spindle ( 4 ) and the delivery system ( 8 , 9 , etc.) may be provided by all appropriate means such as computers ( 18 ) or electronic circuits, a programmable logic controller or other, associated with sensors, metering systems, etc.
  • the invention it is possible to optimize the process and particularly the production speed, throughout production. It is in particular possible to minimize the consequences of limitations resulting from factors inherent in the unspooling and which only act for certain bobbin diameters, for example at the end of unspooling.
  • the invention can be applied to machines equipped with collective motorization means. It is extremely advantageous for machines consisting of self-contained working positions, that is, equipped with individual motorization means. In fact, each working position is thus monitored to obtain the optimal production speed, according to the state of unspooling of its own bobbin.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Tension Adjustment In Filamentary Materials (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
  • Filamentary Materials, Packages, And Safety Devices Therefor (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US11/993,486 2005-06-21 2006-06-15 Method For Monitoring a Yarn Transforming Process Abandoned US20080308664A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0551677A FR2887237B1 (fr) 2005-06-21 2005-06-21 Methode de pilotage d'un procede de transformation de fils
FR0551677 2005-06-21
PCT/FR2006/050603 WO2006136747A2 (fr) 2005-06-21 2006-06-15 Methode de pilotage d'un procede de transformation de fils

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20080308664A1 true US20080308664A1 (en) 2008-12-18

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ID=35768107

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/993,486 Abandoned US20080308664A1 (en) 2005-06-21 2006-06-15 Method For Monitoring a Yarn Transforming Process

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20080308664A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1893794A2 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0611708A2 (fr)
FR (1) FR2887237B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006136747A2 (fr)

Cited By (9)

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US20100223900A1 (en) * 2007-05-18 2010-09-09 Jordi Galan Llongueras Thread Twist System for Twisting and Spinning Machines
CN101831735A (zh) * 2010-05-19 2010-09-15 江阴祥盛纺印机械制造有限公司 倍捻机
CN107022814A (zh) * 2016-02-02 2017-08-08 索若德国两合股份有限公司 用于操作形成纱线气圈的纺织机的工位的方法和装置
US20170362746A1 (en) * 2016-06-15 2017-12-21 Rieter Ingolstadt Gmbh Method for Optimizing the Production of a Rotor Spinning Machine
US20180016711A1 (en) * 2016-07-15 2018-01-18 Saurer Germany Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for starting a spindle of a cabling or two-for-one twisting machine
US10029871B2 (en) * 2016-05-20 2018-07-24 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Image forming apparatus and setting method
CN110656409A (zh) * 2019-09-30 2020-01-07 三峡大学 线材旋转外径判断装置及方法
CN111235708A (zh) * 2020-03-31 2020-06-05 王晓虎 一种复合纱线制备装置与制备方法
CN112904042A (zh) * 2021-01-20 2021-06-04 浙江理工大学 一种锭速传感器、物联网锭速监控系统及方法

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FR2914320B1 (fr) * 2007-03-28 2009-05-22 Ritm Soc Par Actions Simplifie Dispositif de cablage pour realiser un procede de cablage direct de deux composants ou fil, au moyen d'une broche de torsion
FR2932194B1 (fr) 2008-06-06 2010-06-18 Trocem Vallart Internat Procede de cablage de fils synthetiques par leur mise en torsion l'un sur l'autre
FR2937056A1 (fr) * 2008-10-13 2010-04-16 Ritm Dispositif et procede pour realiser l'enfilage d'un fil dans une broche a motorisation individuelle ou dans une motobroche de retordage et/ou de cablage direct.

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US20010042365A1 (en) * 1999-12-29 2001-11-22 Anton Paweletz Spin machine with several single drives

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US3642218A (en) * 1968-08-20 1972-02-15 Reiners Walter Unwinding device for filamentary material
US5706642A (en) * 1996-10-08 1998-01-13 Haselwander; Jack G. Variable twist level yarn
US6216432B1 (en) * 1997-03-19 2001-04-17 Cognivision Research, S.L. Method for inspecting spinning bobbins and system for implementing such method
US20010042365A1 (en) * 1999-12-29 2001-11-22 Anton Paweletz Spin machine with several single drives

Cited By (13)

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BRPI0611708A2 (pt) 2010-09-28
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FR2887237B1 (fr) 2007-09-21
WO2006136747A3 (fr) 2007-11-22

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