US20070185179A1 - New compounds - Google Patents

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US20070185179A1
US20070185179A1 US11/671,153 US67115307A US2007185179A1 US 20070185179 A1 US20070185179 A1 US 20070185179A1 US 67115307 A US67115307 A US 67115307A US 2007185179 A1 US2007185179 A1 US 2007185179A1
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treatment
salt
pain
compound
medicament
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Carmen Leugn
Miroslaw Tomaszewski
Simon Woo
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AstraZeneca AB
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Priority to US11/671,153 priority Critical patent/US20070185179A1/en
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Priority to US12/274,837 priority patent/US7868181B2/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D209/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with one carbocyclic ring
    • C07D209/04—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles
    • C07D209/30—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
    • C07D209/32—Oxygen atoms
    • C07D209/38—Oxygen atoms in positions 2 and 3, e.g. isatin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
    • A61K31/4164—1,3-Diazoles
    • A61K31/4188—1,3-Diazoles condensed with other heterocyclic ring systems, e.g. biotin, sorbinil
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
    • A61P1/04—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
    • A61P11/06—Antiasthmatics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
    • A61P13/10—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the bladder
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
    • A61P17/02—Drugs for dermatological disorders for treating wounds, ulcers, burns, scars, keloids, or the like
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
    • A61P17/06—Antipsoriatics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
    • A61P19/02—Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
    • A61P19/08—Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease
    • A61P19/10—Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease for osteoporosis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/02—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for peripheral neuropathies
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/04—Centrally acting analgesics, e.g. opioids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/06—Antimigraine agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/04—Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
    • C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D487/10—Spiro-condensed systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to new compounds, to pharmaceutical formulations containing said compounds and to the use of said compounds in therapy.
  • the present invention further relates to processes for the preparation of said compounds and to the use of intermediates in the preparation thereof.
  • VR1 vanilloid receptor 1
  • VR1 et. al. Neuron (1998) v. 21, p. 531-543).
  • Expression of VR1 is also regulated after peripheral nerve damage of the type that leads to neuropathic pain. These properties of VR1 make it a highly relevant target for pain and for diseases involving inflammation. While agonists of the VR1 receptor can act as analgesics through nociceptor destruction, the use of agonists, such as capsaicin and its analogues, is limited due to their pungency, neurotoxicity and induction of hypothermia. Instead, agents that block the activity of VR1 should prove more useful. Antagonists would maintain the analgesic properties, but avoid pungency and neurotoxicity side effects.
  • Compounds with VR1 inhibitor activity are believed to be of potential use for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of disorders such as pain, especially that of inflammatory or traumatic origin such as arthritis, ischaemia, cancer, fibromyalgia, low back pain and post-operative pain (Walker et al J Pharmacol Exp Ther. (2003) Jan; 304(1):56-62).
  • visceral pains such as chronic pelvic pain, cystitis, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), pancreatitis and the like, as well as neuropathic pain such as sciatia, HIV neuropathy, multiple sclerosis, and the like (Walker et al ibid, Rashid et al J Pharmacol Exp Ther.
  • VR1 inhibiton (2003) Mar; 304(3):940-8), are potential pain states that could be treated with VR1 inhibiton. These compounds are also believed to be potentially useful for inflammatory disorders like asthma, cough, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (Hwang and Oh Curr Opin Pharmacol (2002) Jun; 2(3):235-42). Compounds with VR1 blocker activity are also useful for itch and skin diseases like psoriasis and for gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD), emesis, cancer, urinary incontinence and hyperactive bladder (Yiangou et al BJU Int (2001) Jun; 87(9):774-9, Szallasi Am J Clin Pathol (2002) 118: 110-21). VR1 inhibitors are also of potential use for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of the effects of exposure to VR1 activators like capsaicin or tear gas, acids or heat (Szallasi ibid.
  • a further portential use relates to the treatment of tolerance to VR1 activators.
  • VR1 inhibitors may also be useful in the treatment of interstitial cystitis and pain related to interstitial cystitis.
  • VR1 inhibitors may also be useful in the treatment of obesity and migraine; WO2006/007851 discloses the use of VR1 antagonists for the treatment of obesity.
  • EP 66378 and EP 28906 disclose spiro-hydantoin derivatives for use as inhibitors of aldose reductase.
  • WO 92/07830 describes spiro-hydantoin derivatives and their use as antagonists for gastrin releasing peptide.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide compounds of said kind which exhibit inhibitory activity at the vanilloid receptor 1 (VR1), along with good Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (DMPK) properties.
  • VR1 vanilloid receptor 1
  • DMPK Pharmacokinetics
  • a further object is to provide such compounds that exhibit improved potency in-vitro, improved selectivity, and improved solubility.
  • the present invention provides compounds of formula I, where R 1 and R 2 are independently halo or C 1-3 haloalkyl,
  • X is ethenyl or ethynyl
  • One embodiment of the invention relates to a compound of formula I wherein R 1 is halo and R 2 is C 1-3 haloalkyl.
  • Another embodiment of the invention relates to a compound of formula I wherein R 1 is chloro or fluoro and R 2 is C 1-3 chloroalkyl or C 1-3 fluoroalkyl.
  • a further embodiment of the invention relates to a compound of formula I wherein R 1 is chloro.
  • One embodiment of the invention relates to a compound of formula I wherein R 1 and R 2 are chloro.
  • a further embodiment of the invention relates to a compound of formula I wherein X is ethynyl.
  • Another embodiment of the invention relates to a compound of formula I for use as a medicament, with the proviso that the compound is not 1′-[(2E)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-yl]-2H,5H-spiro[imidazolidine-4,3′-indole]-2,2′,5(1′H)-trione in racemic form.
  • a further embodiment of the invention relates to a compound of formula I where R 1 and R 2 are independently halo or C 1-3 haloalkyl,
  • X is ethenyl or ethynyl
  • One embodiment of the invention relates to use of a compound having the formula I where R 1 and R 2 are independently halo or C 1-3 haloalkyl,
  • X is ethenyl or ethynyl
  • the compound is not 1′-[(2E)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-yl]-2H,5H-spiro[imidazolidine-4,3′-indole]-2,2′,5(1′′H)-trione in racemic form; in one embodiment this use is for treatment of VR1 mediated disorders.
  • Another embodiment of the invention relates to use of a compound having the formula I where R 1 and R 2 are independently halo or C 1-3 haloalkyl,
  • X is ethenyl or ethynyl
  • the present invention also provides a substantially pure single enantiomer having the formula II: where R 1 and R 2 are independently halo or C 1-3 haloalkyl,
  • X is ethenyl or ethynyl
  • One embodiment of the invention relates to an enantiomer of formula II wherein R 1 is halo and R 2 is C 1-3 haloalkyl.
  • Another embodiment of the invention relates to an enantiomer of formula II wherein R 1 is chloro or fluoro and R 2 is C 1-3 chloroalkyl or C 1-3 fluoroalkyl.
  • a further embodiment of the invention relates to an enantiomer of formula II wherein R 1 is chloro.
  • One embodiment of the invention relates to an enantiomer of formula II wherein R 1 and R 2 are chloro.
  • a further embodiment of the invention relates to an enantiomer of formula II wherein X is ethynyl.
  • C 1-3 means a carbon group having 1, 2, or 3 carbon atoms.
  • alkyl includes both straight and branched chain alkyl groups and may be, but are not limited to methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, i-pentyl, t-pentyl, neo-pentyl, n-hexyl or i-hexyl, t-hexyl.
  • halo and “halogen” may be fluoro, iodo, chloro or bromo.
  • haloalkyl denotes an alkyl group wherein the alkyl is substituted with halogen ranging from one to fully substituted, wherein a fully substituted haloalkyl can be represented by the formula C h L 2h+1 wherein L is a halogen and “h” represents the number of carbon atoms; when more than one halogen is present then the halogens may be the same or different and selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br and I; it is understood that the terms “alkyl” and “halogen” have the same definition as found herein.
  • haloalkyl is a “C 1-3 haloalkyl” and the group contains 1 to 3 carbons, some embodiments contain 1 to 2 carbons, and some embodiments contain 1 carbon.
  • this group is referred herein as a perhaloalkyl; one example is an alkyl fully substituted with fluorine atoms and is referred to herein as a “perfluoroalkyl.”
  • examples of a haloalkyl include, but is not limited to, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 1,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 1,2-difluoroethyl, 1,1-difluoroethyl, 1,1,2-trifluoroethyl, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl, 2,
  • examples of a perfluoroalkyl include, but not limited to, trifluoromethyl, pentafluoroethyl, heptafluoropropyl, 1,2,2,2-tetrafluoro-1-trifluoromethyl-ethyl, and the like.
  • C 1 ⁇ 3 haloalkyl may include, but is not limited to fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, fluoroethyl, difluoroethyl or bromopropyl.
  • the present invention relates to the compounds of formula I and the enantiomers of formula as hereinbefore defined as well as to the salts thereof.
  • Salts for use in pharmaceutical formulations will be pharmaceutically acceptable salts, but other salts may be useful in the production of the compounds of formula I and/or the enantiomers of formula II.
  • a suitable pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compounds and enantiomers of the invention is, for example, an acid or base addition salt, for example a salt with an inorganic or organic base or acid.
  • a suitable pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compounds and enantiomers of the invention is an alkali metal salt, an alkaline earth metal salt or a salt with an organic base.
  • the invention also relates to any and all tautomeric forms of the compounds of formula I and the enantiomers of formula II.
  • the present invention provides processes for preparing compounds and enantiomers of formula I and II, or salts thereof.
  • heterocyclic Chemistry J. A. Joule, K. Mills, G. F. Smith, 3 rd ed. Chapman and Hall (1995), p. 189-224 and “Heterocyclic Chemistry”, T. L. Gilchrist, 2 nd ed. Longman Scientific and Technical (1992), p. 248-282.
  • room temperature and “ambient temperature” shall mean, unless otherwise specified, a temperature between 16 and 25° C.
  • One embodiment of the invention relates to a process for the preparation of compounds of formula I, wherein R 1 , R 2 and X are as defined as hereinabove, comprising:
  • One embodiment of the invention relates to a process for the preparation of an enantiomer of formula II, wherein R 1 , R 2 and X are as defined as hereinabove, comprising:
  • One embodiment of the invention relates to a process for the preparation of intermediates of formula III, wherein R 1 , R 2 and X are as defined as hereinabove, comprising:
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising as active ingredient a therapeutically effective amount of the compound of formula I and/or the enantiomer of formula II, or salts thereof, in association with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable diluents, excipients and/or inert carriers.
  • the composition may be in a form suitable for oral administration, for example as a tablet, pill, syrup, powder, granule or capsule, for parenteral injection (including intravenous, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravascular or infusion) as a sterile solution, suspension or emulsion, for topical administration e.g. as an ointment, patch or cream, for rectal administration e.g. as a suppository or for inhalation.
  • parenteral injection including intravenous, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravascular or infusion
  • a sterile solution e.g. as an ointment, patch or cream
  • rectal administration e.g. as a suppository or for inhalation.
  • compositions may be prepared in a conventional manner using one or more conventional excipients, pharmaceutical acceptable diluents and/or inert carriers.
  • Suitable daily doses of the compounds of formula I and/or the enantiomer of formula II in the treatment of a mammal, including man, are approximately 0.01 to 250 mg/kg body-weight at peroral administration and about 0.001 to 250 mg/kg bodyweight at parenteral administration.
  • the typical daily dose of the active ingredient varies within a wide range and will depend on various factors such as the relevant indication, severity of the illness being treated, the route of administration, the age, weight and sex of the patient and the particular compound being used, and may be determined by a physician.
  • the compounds according to the present invention are useful in therapy.
  • the compounds may be used to produce an inhibitory effect of VR1 in mammals, including man.
  • VR1 are highly expressed in the peripheral nervous system and in other tissues. Thus, it is expected that the compounds and enantiomers of the invention are well suited for the treatment of VR1 mediated disorders.
  • the compounds and enantiomers of the invention are expected to be suitable for the treatment of acute and chronic pain, acute and chronic neuropathic pain and acute and chronic inflammatory pain.
  • Examples of such disorder may be selected from the group comprising low back pain, post-operative pain, visceral pains like chronic pelvic pain and the like.
  • the compounds of the invention are also expected to be suitable for the treatment of acute and chronic nociceptive pain.
  • cystitis including interstitial cystitis and pain related thereto, ischeamic, sciatia, multiple sclerosis, arthritis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, fibromyalgia, pain and other signs and symptoms associated with psoriasis, pain and other signs and symptoms associated with cancer, emesis, urinary incontinence, hyperactive bladder and HIV neuropathy.
  • cystitis including interstitial cystitis and pain related thereto, ischeamic, sciatia, multiple sclerosis, arthritis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, fibromyalgia, pain and other signs and symptoms associated with psoriasis, pain and other signs and symptoms associated with cancer, emesis, urinary incontinence, hyperactive bladder and HIV neuropathy.
  • Additional relevant disorders may be selected from the group comprising gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and pancreatitis.
  • GFD gastro-esophageal reflux disease
  • IBS irritable bowel syndrome
  • IBD inflammatory bowel disease
  • pancreatitis pancreatitis
  • COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  • emphysema emphysema
  • lung fibrosis fibrosis and interstitial lung disease.
  • Yet other relevant disorders are obesity and obesity-related diseases or disorders, and migraine.
  • the obesity or obesity-related diseases or disorders is selected from the following: cardiovascular disease, hypertension, cancer and reproductive disorders.
  • the VR1 inhibitor(s) may be administrated by either an oral or inhaled route.
  • the respiratory disease may be an acute and chronic illness and may be related to infection(s) and/or exposure to environmental pollution and/or irritants.
  • the compounds and enantiomers of the invention may also be used as antitoxin to treat (over-) exposure to VR1 activators like capsaicin, tear gas, acids or heat.
  • VR1 activators like capsaicin, tear gas, acids or heat.
  • heat there is a potential use for VR1 antagonists in (sun-) burn induced pain, or inflammatory pain resulting from burn injuries.
  • the compounds may further be used for treatment of tolerance to VR1 activators.
  • One embodiment of the invention relates to the compounds and enantiomers of the invention as hereinbefore defined, for use as medicaments.
  • Another embodiment of the invention relates to the compounds and enantiomers of the invention as hereinbefore defined, for use as medicaments for treatment of VR1 mediated disorders.
  • a further embodiment of the invention relates to the compounds and enantiomers of the invention as hereinbefore defined, for use as medicaments for treatment of acute and chronic pain disorders.
  • Another embodiment of the invention relates to the compounds and enantiomers of the invention as hereinbefore defined for use as medicaments for treatment of acute and chronic nociceptive pain.
  • Yet another embodiment of the invention relates to the compounds and enantiomers of the invention as hereinbefore defined, for use as medicaments for treatment of acute and chronic neuropathic pain.
  • Yet a further embodiment of the invention relates to the compounds and enantiomers of the invention as hereinbefore defined, for use as medicaments for treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory pain.
  • One embodiment of the invention relates to the compounds and enantiomers of the invention as hereinbefore defined, for use as medicaments for treatment of low back pain, post-operative pain and visceral pains like chronic pelvic pain.
  • Another embodiment of the invention relates to the compounds and enatiomers of the invention as hereinbefore defined, for use as medicaments for treatment of cystitis, including interstitial cystitis and pain related thereto, ischeamic, sciatia, multiple sclerosis, arthritis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, fibromyalgia, pain and other signs and symptoms associated with psoriasis, pain and other signs and symptoms associated with cancer, emesis, urinary incontinence, hyperactive bladder and HIV neuropathy.
  • cystitis including interstitial cystitis and pain related thereto, ischeamic, sciatia, multiple sclerosis, arthritis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, fibromyalgia, pain and other signs and symptoms associated with psoriasis, pain and other signs and symptoms associated with cancer, emesis, urinary incontinence, hyperactive bladder and HIV neuropathy.
  • a further embodiment of the invention relates to the compounds and enantiomers of the invention as hereinbefore defined, for use as medicaments for treatment of gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and pancreatitis.
  • GERD gastro-esophageal reflux disease
  • IBS irritable bowel syndrome
  • IBD inflammatory bowel disease
  • pancreatitis pancreatitis.
  • Yet a further embodiment of the invention relates to the compounds and enantiomers of the invention as hereinbefore defined, for use as medicaments for treatment of respiratory diseases selected from the group comprising asthma, cough, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic obstructive lung disease and emphysema, lung fibrosis and interstitial lung disease.
  • respiratory diseases selected from the group comprising asthma, cough, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic obstructive lung disease and emphysema, lung fibrosis and interstitial lung disease.
  • One embodiment of the invention relates to the use of the compounds and enantiomers of the invention as hereinbefore defined, in the manufacture of medicaments for treatment of VR1 mediated disorders and for treatment of acute and chronic pain disorders, acute and chronic neuropathic pain and acute and chronic inflammatory pain, and respiratory diseases and any other disorder mentioned above.
  • Another embodiment of the invention relates to a method of treatment of VR1 mediated disorders and acute and chronic pain disorders, acute and chronic neuropathic pain and acute and chronic inflammatory pain, and respiratory diseases, and any other disorder mentioned above, comprising administrering to a mammal, including man in need of such treatment, a therapeutically effective amount of a compound and/or enantiomer of the invention, as hereinbefore defined.
  • a further embodiment of the invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound and/or enantiomer of the invention as hereinbefore defined, for use in treatment of VR1 mediated disorders and for treatment of acute and chronic pain disorders, acute and chronic neuropathic pain and acute and chronic inflammatory pain, and respiratory diseases, and any other disorder mentioned above.
  • the term “therapy” and “treatment” includes prevention and prophylaxis, unless there are specific indications to the contrary.
  • the terms “treat”,“therapeutic” and “therapeutically” should be construed accordingly.
  • inhibitor and “antagonist” mean a compound that by any means, partly or completely, blocks the transduction pathway leading to the production of a response by the ligand.
  • disorder means any condition and disease associated with vanilloid receptor activity.
  • the compounds and enantiomers of the invention, or salts thereof are also useful as pharmacological tools in the development and standardisation of in vitro and in vivo test systems for the evaluation of the effects of inhibitors of VR1 related activity in laboratory animals such as cats, dogs, rabbits, monkeys, rats and mice, as part of the search for new therapeutics agents.
  • Variable wavelength UV detector 254 or 280 nm, 6 minute run. Enantiomeric purities were determined by SFC on a chiral solid support using a Berger SFC Analytix/MS system (Mettler Toledo) (SFC conditions: 50% Ethanol/CO 2 eluent, CHIRALCEL® OD SFC column (Chiral Technologies), 4.6 ⁇ 250 mm, 5 micron, flow 2.2 mL/min. Diode array UV, MS detector, 6 minute run). Yield: 80.7 mg (38%) of the first eluting enantiomer, 80.0 mg (37%) of the second eluting enantiomer.
  • the IUPAC names of the enantiomers were generated using software ACD/Name (ACD/Labs 7.00 Release Product version: 7.07, build: 16 Jul. 2003).
  • ENANTIOMER 1A (4S)-1′-[(2E)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-yl]-2H,5H-spiro [imidazolidine-4,3′-indole]-2,2′,5(1′H)-trione
  • ENANTIOMER 1B (4R)-1′-[(2E)-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-yl]-2H,5H-spiro [imidazolidine-4,3′-indole]-2,2′,5(1′H)-trione
  • MS (APPI) (M+H) + 402.
  • COMPOUND 2 1′- ⁇ (2E)-3-[4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]prop-2-en-1-yl ⁇ -2H,5H-spiro [imidazolidine-4,3′-indole]-2,2′,5(1′H)-trione
  • Variable wavelength UV detector 230 nm, 5 minute run. Enantiomeric purities were determined by SFC on a chiral solid support using a Berger SFC system (Mettler Toledo) (SFC conditions: 30% Methanol/CO 2 eluent, CHIRALCEL® OD-H SFC column (Chiral Technologies, Inc), 4.6 ⁇ 250 mm, 5 micron, flow rate 2 mL/min. Variable wavelength UV detector 220 nm, 9 minute run.) Yield: 45% of the first eluting enantiomer and 42% of the second eluting enantiomer. The IUPAC names of the enantiomers were generated using software ACD/Name (ACD/Labs 7.00 Release Product version: 7.07, build: 16 Jul. 2003).
  • ENANTIOMER 2A (4S)-1′- ⁇ (2E)-3-[4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]prop-2-en-1-yl ⁇ -2H,5H-spiro [imidazolidine-4,3′-indole]-2,2′,5(1′H)-trione
  • ENANTIOMER 2B (4R)-1′- ⁇ (2E)-3-[4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]prop-2-en-1-yl ⁇ -2H,5H-spiro [imidazolidine-4,3′-indole]-2,2′,5(1′H)-trione
  • MS (APPI) (M+H) + 436.
  • COMPOUND 3 1′-[3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)prop-2-yn-1-yl]-2H,5H-spiro [imidazolidine-4,3′-indole]-2,2′,5(1′H)-trione
  • Variable wavelength UV detector 254 or 280 nm, 6 minute run. Enantiomeric purities were determined by SFC on a chiral solid support using a Berger SFC Analytix/MS system (Mettler Toledo) (SFC conditions: 50% Ethanol/CO 2 eluent, ChiralCel OD SFC column (Chiral Technologies), 4.6 ⁇ 250 mm, 5 micron, flow 2.2 mL/min. Diode array UV, MS detector, 6 minute run). Yield: 83 mg (42%) of the first eluting enantiomer, 82 mg (41%) of the second eluting enantiomer.
  • the IUPAC names of the enantiomers were generated using software ACD/Name (ACD/Labs 7.00 Release Product version: 7.07, build: 16 Jul. 2003).
  • ENANTIOMER 3A (4S)-1′-[3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)prop-2-yn-1-yl]-2H,5H-spiro [imidazolidine-4,3′-indole]-2,2′,5(1′H)-trione
  • ENANTIOMER 3B (4R)-1′-[3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)prop-2-yn-1-yl]-2H,5H-spiro [imidazolidine-4,3′-indole]-2,2′,5(1′H)-trione
  • MS (APPI) (M+H) + 400.
  • Transfected CHO cells stably expressing hVR1 (15,000 cells/well) are seeded in 50 ⁇ L media in a black clear bottom 384 plate (Greiner) and grown in a humidified incubator (37° C., 2% CO 2 ), 24-30 hours prior to experiment.
  • the media is removed from the cell plate by inversion and 2 ⁇ M Fluo-4 is added using a multidrop (Labsystems). Following the 40 min dye incubation in the dark at 37° C. and 2% CO 2 , the extracellular dye present is washed away using an EMBLA (Scatron), leaving the cells in 40 ⁇ L of assay buffer (1 ⁇ HBSS, 10 mM D-Glucose, 1 mM CaCl 2 , 10 mM HEPES, 10 ⁇ 7.5% NaHCO 3 and 2.5 mM Probenecid).
  • assay buffer (1 ⁇ HBSS, 10 mM D-Glucose, 1 mM CaCl 2 , 10 mM HEPES, 10 ⁇ 7.5% NaHCO 3 and 2.5 mM Probenecid).
  • the fluorescence is read using FLIPR filter 1 (em 520-545 nM).
  • a cellular baseline recording is taken for 30 seconds, followed by a 20 ⁇ L addition of 10, titrated half-log concentrations of the test compound, yielding cellular concentration ranging from 3 ⁇ M to 0.1 nM.
  • Data is collected every 2 seconds for a further 5 min prior to the addition of a VR1 agonist solution: either 50 nM solution of capsaicin or MES (2-[N-morpholino] ethanesulfonic acid) buffer (pH 5.2), by the FLIPR pipettor.
  • the FLIPR continues to collect data for a further 4 min.
  • Typical IC 50 values as measured in the assays described above are 10 ⁇ M or less. In one aspect of the invention the IC 50 is below 3000 nM. In another aspect of the invention the IC 50 is below 1000 nM. TABLE 1 Results from the hVR1 FLIPR and a comparative aldose reductase activity determination IC 50 (human VR1, IC 50 (aldose Example No.
  • the in vivo pharmacological properties of the present invention have been determined using two classical NSAID-sensitive inflammatory models, the Carrageenan model and the Freund's Complete Adjuvant (FCA) model.
  • Carrageenan-lambda (algae-derived polysaccharide, type IV, 100 ⁇ l, from Sigma-Aldrich), dissolved in sterile saline 0.9% at a concentration of 1%, and in the latter FCA (25 ⁇ l, from Sigma-Aldrich, (1 ml of FCA contains 1 mg mycobacterium tuberculosis heat killed and dried, 0.85 ml mineral oil and 0.15 ml mannide monooleate, cf. Nagakura et al.
  • the degree of reversal of hyperalgesia is measured by the ability of the compound to return PWL to normal levels.
  • the PWL of each animal is measured twice, and the average of the two is taken as the response.
  • the responses of all animals within a given group are then averaged, and Standard Deviation and Standard Error of the Mean (SEM) are calculated for each group.
  • SEM Standard Deviation and Standard Error of the Mean
  • the data is expressed as mean ⁇ SEM.
  • Statistical significance is assessed with a T-test for comparison between na ⁇ ve and treated groups, and One Way ANOVA followed by Holm-Sidak multiple comparisons versus control (vehicle) group test for drug effectiveness. The level of statistical significance is set at p ⁇ 0.05.
  • GraphPad Prism® version 4 is used for non-linear regression analysis (using the variable slope sigmoidal equation model) of raw data to calculate the ED50, EC50, EC80, and Emax.
  • rats Prior to any manipulation, rats (150-175 g, Charles River, St. Constant, Canada) were housed in groups of 7-9 in a temperature controlled room (22 ⁇ 1.5° C., 30-80% humidity, 12 h light/dark cycle) and were acclimatized in the animal facility for at least one day prior to use. All experimental protocols are approved by the AstraZeneca Animal Care Committee. Experiments are performed during the light phase of the cycle, rooms are illuminated at 300 lux intensity. Animals have food and water ad libitum.

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