US20070060425A1 - Movable device and receiver device for detecting contacts with the movable device - Google Patents

Movable device and receiver device for detecting contacts with the movable device Download PDF

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Publication number
US20070060425A1
US20070060425A1 US11/460,562 US46056206A US2007060425A1 US 20070060425 A1 US20070060425 A1 US 20070060425A1 US 46056206 A US46056206 A US 46056206A US 2007060425 A1 US2007060425 A1 US 2007060425A1
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Prior art keywords
signal
detector
movable device
receiver
speed
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US11/460,562
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English (en)
Inventor
Udo Kuenzler
Walter Englert
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Cairos Technologies AG
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Cairos Technologies AG
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Assigned to CAIROS TECHNOLOGIES AG reassignment CAIROS TECHNOLOGIES AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ENGLERT, WALTER, KUENZLER, UDO
Publication of US20070060425A1 publication Critical patent/US20070060425A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/74—Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B41/00—Hollow inflatable balls
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B43/00—Balls with special arrangements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
    • A63B71/06—Indicating or scoring devices for games or players, or for other sports activities
    • A63B71/0605—Decision makers and devices using detection means facilitating arbitration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/86—Combinations of radar systems with non-radar systems, e.g. sonar, direction finder
    • G01S13/862—Combination of radar systems with sonar systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
    • A63B2220/40—Acceleration
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
    • A63B2220/80—Special sensors, transducers or devices therefor
    • A63B2220/83—Special sensors, transducers or devices therefor characterised by the position of the sensor
    • A63B2220/833—Sensors arranged on the exercise apparatus or sports implement
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2225/00—Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment
    • A63B2225/30—Maintenance
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2225/00—Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment
    • A63B2225/50—Wireless data transmission, e.g. by radio transmitters or telemetry
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2225/00—Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment
    • A63B2225/50—Wireless data transmission, e.g. by radio transmitters or telemetry
    • A63B2225/52—Wireless data transmission, e.g. by radio transmitters or telemetry modulated by measured values
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B69/00—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
    • A63B69/002—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports for football

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to movable devices and in particular to game devices such as balls, and to concepts for detecting any contact of an object with the movable device.
  • the invention provides a movable device including:
  • the invention provides a receiver device for receiving signals from a movable device, including:
  • the invention provides a method of operating a movable device, the method including the steps of:
  • the invention provides a method of receiving signals from a movable device, the method including the steps of:
  • the invention provides a computer program having a program code for performing the method of operating a movable device, the method including the steps of:
  • the invention provides a computer program having a program code for performing the method of receiving signals from a movable device, the method including the steps of:
  • a detector within the movable device i.e., for example, within a football, detects whether an object, such as a football player's leg, is located in the vicinity of the football. This is performed, for example, by pressure, acceleration or vibration measurements or by contactless measurement.
  • the transmitter module is controlled to transmit two signals having different signal speeds.
  • a receiver device connected to the object will detect the first signal and then wait for a certain time period for reception of the second signal having a lower signal speed. If the signal having the lower signal speed is detected within the predetermined time period which starts upon reception of the first, fast signal, it shall be assumed, in accordance with the invention, that the object which has received both the first and, within the predetermined time period, also the second signal, was in contact with the movable device.
  • a detector which has detected reception of the second signal within the predetermined time period provides a detector output signal
  • a memory subsequently storing the fact that there has been a detector output signal, i.e. that it is very likely for a ball contact to have occurred.
  • an absolute moment in time at which the detector signal has occurred may be stored in the memory, so that when one thinks of a football match, a sequence of moments result which may then, e.g. after a match or during a match, be read out to ascertain, as a function thereof, how many ball contacts a player had, or generally speaking, how many contacts an object had with the movable device.
  • the fast signal will be detected by several receiver devices.
  • the predetermined time duration is selected such that it is very likely that really only that receiver device which is located closest to the movable device can receive the second signal within the predetermined time period, while receiver devices which are more remote will also receive the second signal, but only after the predetermined time duration has expired, no ball contact will be registered for those players.
  • the use of two signals of different speeds allows to dispense with any complicated and, thus, failure-prone electronics in the ball itself.
  • no complicated electronics are required within the ball itself, which is a considerable advantage in particular since the forces and accelerations acting on the ball may be huge, so that there is a very rough environment for there to be an electronic system within the ball.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic sketch of a pitch including a movable device and several objects provided with receivers;
  • FIG. 2 depicts a player with a football as an example of a movable device
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic system sketch
  • FIG. 4 a is a more detailed view of the functional groups within the movable device
  • FIG. 4 b is a more detailed representation of the transmitter module of FIG. 4 a;
  • FIG. 5 a is a block diagram representation of the receiver device.
  • FIG. 5 b is a more detailed representation of the receiver device of FIG. 5 a.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic system sketch.
  • a device for detecting the force and/or motion ratios on a game device 7 such as a ball
  • an assembly 15 being provided in the ball which is populated with several electronic components.
  • the electronic components may also be disposed on the ball's jacket, for example on the inside, or be suspended within the center of the ball.
  • At least one of the following electronic components is provided within the game device:
  • the electronic components are in connection with a receiver 2 via transmitter 4 for the acoustic or ultrasonic waves, or at least via a radio transmitter 3 , for example via radio 1 , for example to transfer the data detected by the electronic components.
  • a microcontroller 11 is provided for processing the data. This data can then be transferred to a data detection device 12 .
  • An evaluation unit 13 is provided for evaluating the data detected which is presented, if need be, on a display unit 14 .
  • Data detection device 12 preferably is associated with at least one player 6 , preferably however with all players of a game to thereby perform a localization, for example, of the nearest player, as will be explained later on.
  • game device 7 emits, when recognizing a force being exerted upon it, an acoustic signal as a sound or ultrasound by a transmitter 4 .
  • a radio transmitter 3 transmits a radio signal.
  • the receiver 2 of a data detection device associated with player 6 registers the acoustic signal and also the radio signal.
  • the time difference yields the distance from the ball.
  • the acoustic signal is awaited to arrive for 5 ms. If an acoustic impulse is recognized within this time period, one may assume that receiver 2 of the data detection device 12 associated with player 6 is spaced away from the ball by 1.5 meters at a maximum.
  • each player 6 carries, or wears, such a receiver.
  • the number of acoustic impulses recognized is counted and displayed. Using this information and the hour of the event, one may then determine, in a subsequent interplay of all data of all data detection units 12 , how many ball contacts a player 6 had. It is even possible to make statistic statements about how successful passes were, since the target of a pass may be determined by a time comparison. This may be used to detect the following, for example:
  • the evaluation unit 13 thus has a means for evaluating whether an acoustic signal of transmitter 4 for the ball or ultrasonic waves arrives within a predetermined time period after the arrival of the radio signal.
  • a sensor measuring the shot force may be mounted in game device 7 .
  • This sensor is preferably a pressure sensor 10 or an acceleration sensor. The information of this sensor is measured by an internal microcontroller and transferred, for example, to display unit 14 on data detection device 12 of the player. For determining the shot force, it is necessary to measure the energy the ball has been imparted during the shot.
  • the evaluation unit 13 has means for detecting the pressure, determined by pressure sensor 10 , over time or for detecting the acceleration detected by the acceleration sensor.
  • the acceleration is measured directly and reported to the microcontroller within game device 7 .
  • Said microcontroller calculates the force that has acted upon the ball from the known mass of the ball and the acceleration measured. These calculations also include the aerodynamics and the time curve of the energy transferred to the ball. The calculation comprises not only transferring the overall energy to the evaluation unit 13 , but also comprises transferring the time curve of the energy transferral to the ball.
  • a pressure sensor 10 In the alternative use of a pressure sensor 10 , one measures how the internal pressure of the ball increases during a shot. These pressure changes and the associated time curve allow the microcontroller within the ball to determine the force that has been exerted on the ball. Using the pressure measurement, it is possible to ascertain how much the ball was deformed. The higher the level of deformation, the larger the shot force. To this end, the peak value and the pressure curve of the internal pressure are measured using pressure sensor 10 . Using a group of curves, the energy supplied to the ball is measured. For example, the group of curves may be determined in advance in a empirical manner, by means of a shooting system and is different for each type of ball.
  • the shot force may be determined in very accurately from the energy transferred and the time curve. Beside the shot force, the overall energy may also be displayed. This allows to obtain information about the type of shot. Thus, the ball may be played with much more precision on an even energy supply. Thus, if the duration of the energy supply is displayed additionally, for which purpose additional detection means may be provided, this may also be trained.
  • the energy may be used to infer the flying speed the ball has obtained. To this end, the weight and aerodynamics of the ball are taken into account.
  • the flying speed determined is the value that is reached when the ball may fly off freely after the shot.
  • the time of the ball being hit, and the time of the ball touching down may also be determined using pressure sensor 10 and/or the acceleration sensor. By means of the force information and the time duration of the flight, it is quite readily possible to calculate the distance the ball must have flown.
  • components such as at least one Hall sensor 16 , at least two magneto-resistive sensors or at least two coils may be provided for determining the rotational speed of game device 7 .
  • This information may be used for training so-called “curling crosses” in football. To this end, it is important for the user to immediately get a feedback about his/her shot.
  • the rotational speed within the ball is measured and transmitted via radio 1 to the player's 6 data detection device 12 .
  • the components are to be arranged such that during their movement when the game device 7 is rotating in an energy field, a modulation frequency determinable by the evaluation unit 13 will result which can be converted into the rotational speed.
  • the sensor e.g. the Hall sensor 16 , measures the earth's magnetic field and determines the field strength.
  • the field strength undergoes a modulation.
  • the frequency of the modulation is directly proportional to the rotational speed of the ball.
  • the directional vector of the magnetic field is determined.
  • the rotation of this vector is proportional to the rotation of the ball.
  • the field strength may be measured with magneto-resistive sensors as resistors depending on the magnetic field. They may be connected to form a bridge.
  • the output signal of the bridge may be amplified using a differential amplifier.
  • the output voltage is a direct measure of the field strength of the magnetic field.
  • the output voltage has an alternating voltage superimposed on it, the frequency of which is the rotational frequency of the ball.
  • the frequency of this alternating voltage is the rotational frequency of the ball. Evaluation of this voltage may either be performed discretely via an analog circuit or using a microcontroller. To obtain a signal that can be evaluated for each possible axis of rotation of the ball, two sensors offset by 90° are used.
  • the field strength may also be measured using the Hall sensor 16 .
  • Hall sensors generate a voltage in proportion to the field strength. This voltage may be amplified using a differential amplifier.
  • the output voltage is a direct measure of the field strength of the magnetic field. For the purposes of measuring the rotation, neither a linearity of the voltage nor a determination of the direction of the field is required.
  • the output voltage has an alternating voltage superimposed on it, the frequency of which is the rotational frequency of the ball.
  • two sensors are preferably arranged such that they are offset by 90 degrees relative to one another.
  • coils rotate in a magnetic field, so that a voltage is induced in the coils.
  • the frequency of the voltage is proportional to the rotational frequency.
  • the voltage must be amplified and filtered, since the coils may also act as antennas.
  • a discrete evaluation or an evaluation via the microcontroller is possible, and preferably two coils are arranged such that they are offset by 90 degrees relative to one another.
  • radio transmitters may also be used.
  • the change of the field strength of any radio transmitter for example a medium-wave transmitter, is used.
  • the frequency of the change in field strength is proportional to the rotational frequency.
  • Beside a dipole, a coil or a ferrite antenna may be used as an antenna. Since there are enough active long-, medium-, and short-wave transmitters in each country, there is no need in the system to operate one's own transmitters. If transmitters having a relatively high frequency are to be used as the reference, a dipole antenna is a possibility, which dipole antenna may be deposited, for example, on the ball's electronic system or even on the ball's envelope in the form of conductive traces.
  • a frame antenna is suitable for low frequencies.
  • a ferrite antenna is suitable for low frequencies. It may be constructed to be very small and will nevertheless generate a relatively large output signal. With all antennas it is necessary for two receive directions to be built up, so that a signal can be measured at any axis of rotation. The only thing that is important with signal measurement is the field strength. For this purpose, an amplifier having a high level of dynamics is necessary. The amplification should be logarithmic, for example, so that the A/D converter of the microcontroller need not be too wide.
  • An extremely low-power microcontroller takes on the data and the control of the ball's electronic system. Said microcontroller is woken up at the start of the game. If the microcontroller has not observed any game for a relatively long period, it will automatically switch off.
  • the main task of microcontroller 11 which may be integrated in the data detection device in the game device as well as, or in addition to, microcontroller 11 , is to process the data such that it can be transmitted via radio 1 with as little energy as possible.
  • the data is preferably transmitted several times via radio, e.g. via a 2.4 GHz radio link, so as to be able to correct any errors.
  • Current supply may be realized in two known ways. On the one hand, one may use an accumulator, which, however, requires charging equipment. On the other hand, one may use a primary battery 21 within the data detection device and a primary battery 22 within game device 7 , it not being possible, however, for the latter to be replaced within the ball.
  • a charging coil is mounted within the ball, using which the accumulator may be loaded in an inductive manner.
  • the ball is supplied using lithium batteries.
  • the capacitance is designed such that the functionality of the electronic system is ensured for 1000 hours. With an average playing time of 1 hour per day, the battery would last for three years.
  • a transceiver is integrated as a receive unit 2 .
  • Said transceiver receives the data from the ball and/or can establish a connection to other data detection devices in order to exchange data. Transmission and reception of data takes place, e.g., within the 2.4 GHz band.
  • the transceiver may receive and transmit data.
  • the ball contacts can be transmitted to the other data detection devices during the game, so that a very accurate statistical set of data will be created in the network so as to be able to judge the game.
  • the data within data detection device 12 is processed using a relatively large microcontroller 11 .
  • This microcontroller is extremely low in its power consumption.
  • the data is exchanged via the transceiver and visualized on a display unit 14 .
  • the data processed is displayed using a graphic display.
  • the display has an integrated controller, to which the microcontroller is connected. Operation is effected via several keys 20 , the function of which is dynamic.
  • the current supply of data detection device 12 must be highly power-saving. Battery 21 may be replaced. Microcontroller 11 and the display are extremely power-saving. Data transmission is designed such that the transceiver is in operation only for a very short time in each case.
  • the charging station comprises a transmitter coil with which the energy is transferred into the ball.
  • Movable device 7 contains a detector 23 which may be, e.g., the pressure sensor 10 of FIG. 3 and which detects if ball 7 is touched.
  • detector 23 may include a contactless sensor which operates in an electric, acoustic, optical or electromagnetic manner and detects, for example, whether a magnetic or electric field of any kind which is generated, e.g., by a respective transmitter within a football player's shoe approaches the ball.
  • Detector 23 is configured to detect that an object, i.e., for example, a leg, a foot, a shoe, a racket, a bat, or the like, is positioned in the vicinity of or at the game device.
  • mobile device 7 includes a transmitter module 24 configured to transmit a first signal having a first signal speed, and to further transmit a second signal having a second signal speed which is smaller than the first signal speed.
  • the transmitter module is configured to transmit the first and second signals in response to a detector output signal, as is shown by signal arrow 25 in FIG. 4 a.
  • detector 23 is a touch sensor configured to detect the movable device being touched by the object.
  • a touch sensor is, for example, the pressure sensor, however, it is also an acceleration sensor or any other sensor detecting whether the object engages with the surface of game device 7 .
  • the detector may also be configured as a contactless sensor which, as has been set forth, detects in some way that there is an object in the vicinity of the movable device.
  • a contactless sensor which detects whether an object is located at a predetermined distance, which is smaller than or equal to 10 cm, from the movable device is suitable for specific embodiments.
  • the object it is very likely for the object to actually touch the movable device, since the only aim is to cause the object to touch the movable device, for example when one thinks of a football as the movable device, or of a tennis ball.
  • the transmitter module is configured to send two signals having different signal speeds.
  • a radio signal generated by radio transmitter 3 is used as the first, fast signal.
  • the second signal is generated by a sound transmitter 26 preferably configured as an ultrasonic transmitter.
  • Both transmitters are controlled by the detector signal supplied via line 25 , so as to send both signals at the same time or essentially at the same time, i.e. within a period of, e.g., 1 to 2 ms, in response to the detector signal.
  • the transmitters may be configured such that the radio transmitter sends the first signal at a specific moment determined by detector signal 25 , and that the ultrasonic transmitter then waits for a predetermined time duration before the ultrasonic signal is transmitted.
  • the reception of the radio transmitter would also not immediately cause a chronometer to be activated on the receiver side, but the chronometer would be activated within a predefined time duration upon reception of the first signal, i.e. not immediately upon reception of the first signal, but depending on the reception of the first signal.
  • ball-contact detection could also be used to initially send the ultrasonic signal and then, after a specific time duration, the radio signal which will then overtake the ultrasonic signal, as it were, so that on the receiver side, a very short. predetermined time duration is sufficient, within which the radio signal and the ultrasonic signal will arrive.
  • both transmitters send their signals at the same time and that an accordingly longer predetermined time duration be employed on the receiver side, and/or that on the receiver side, the chronometer be started immediately upon reception of the radio transmitter.
  • the predetermined time duration depends on the difference of the speeds of the first, fast signal and the second, slow signal. The smaller this difference in speeds, the smaller the predetermined time duration that may be selected. The larger the difference in speeds, the longer the predetermined time duration that must be set.
  • the predetermined time duration depends on whether the first and second signals are really sent at the same time, or whether the first and second signals are sent with an offset in time, a delay in the second signal with regard to the first signals leading to a delay in the start of the predetermined time duration, while a delay of the first signal relative to the second signal leads to a smaller predetermined time duration. In general, however, predetermined time durations of less than 5 ms are preferred, as has already been set forth.
  • the receiver module is in connection with a detector 28 which may be coupled to a memory 29 or which may be coupled to a further radio transmitter within the receiver device, which is not shown in FIG. 5 a , however.
  • the detector and memory 29 are preferably contained within evaluation unit 13 of FIG. 3 .
  • the receiver device overall shown at the bottom of FIG. 3 , or the receiver device shown in FIG. 5 a is preferably configured such that it is integrated into a watch, or has the shape and looks of a watch, so that it may readily be worn by, e.g., a football player or a tennis player without said player being adversely affected in practicing his/her sport.
  • the receiver device is mountable to the object whose vicinity to the mobile device is detected by detector 23 in FIG. 4 a , and comprises an appropriate fixing device which is not shown in FIG. 5 a but which has the shape, for example, of a watchstrap, a fixture for a watchstrap, a clip or a different mounting device which may be secured in some way to the object and/or to a player.
  • the receiver module 2 is configured to receive the first signal having the first signal speed and the second signal having the second signal speed, which is smaller than the first signal speed.
  • detector 28 is configured to provide a detector signal indicating whether the second signal has been received within a predetermined time duration since reception of the first signal.
  • the detector is preferably coupled to memory 29 which is configured to store the moment when the detector provides the detector signal.
  • a further transmitter may be present instead of the memory, the transmitter being configured to send the detector signal to a central detection point where, e.g., an online evaluation of ball contacts for the individual players is performed.
  • Such an online detection point would be, for example, a receiver arranged somewhere in the vicinity of a football pitch.
  • any receiver device would send, on the output side, a contact with the movable device together with an identification for the player wearing the receiver device, so that indisputable statistical data can be obtained as to which player had how many ball contacts.
  • the memory may be evaluated, for example, at half-time or at the end of the game, or in a contactless manner during the game without any interaction on the part of any player, so as to either obtain a count value for each player indicating how often the player had contact with the movable device.
  • player 29 would be implemented as a counter incremented by 1 during each detection of the detector signal.
  • the memory may also detect an absolute time of a clock, or watch, preferably contained within the receiver device and depicted at 30 in FIG. 5 b . Then the memory would store a sequence of moments in time which may then be.
  • FIG. 5 b shows a more specific embodiment of the receiver shown in FIG. 5 a .
  • the receiver module comprises, on the one hand, a radio receiver 32 for receiving the first, fast signal, and an ultrasonic receiver 32 for receiving the second, slower signal. Radio receivers and ultrasonic receivers may also be configured differently, as long as they receive any signals having different signal speeds.
  • a detector 28 activates a chronometer 31 via a start line 35 . Once a predetermined time duration and/or the predetermined time period has expired, the chronometer is stopped, which will typically be performed such that the chronometer 31 , which is set to the predetermined time period, will provide a stop signal to the detector via a stop line 36 .
  • the detector detects an ultrasonic signal upon receiving the stop signal, no detector signal will be output on a line 37 .
  • the receiver device is located at such a long distance from the movable device that it is very likely for the movable device to not have been hit.
  • the detector signal 37 will be output, which will then be. stored by the memory, the memory being, for example, a counter incremented by 1 by the detector signal.
  • the detector signal is supplied to a clock, or watch, which performs absolute time measurement, which, e.g., may be an actual absolute time of the day, but which, e.g., is also an absolute time which begins, e.g., at the beginning of the game and is thus not directly an absolute time, but renders one minute of, e.g., a football game.
  • clock 30 will then provide its current reading via a data line 38 , so that the memory is then able to store this specific moment in time.
  • a random evaluation of the players' activity may be performed by means of an evaluation unit having an interface, as may be implemented, for example, by display unit 14 in FIG. 3 or in Fig. 5 b , which cooperates, in particular, with microcontroller 11 of FIG. 3 .
  • the inventive methods may be implemented in hardware or in software.
  • the implementation may be on a digital storage medium, in particular a disk or a CD with electronically readable control signals which may cooperate with a programmable computer system in such a manner that the respective method is performed.
  • the invention thus also consists in a computer program product having a program code, stored on a machine-readable carrier, for performing the inventive method, when the computer program product runs on a computer.
  • the present invention is thus also a computer program having a program code for performing the method of converting, when the computer program runs on a computer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
  • Indicating Or Recording The Presence, Absence, Or Direction Of Movement (AREA)
  • Pinball Game Machines (AREA)
US11/460,562 2005-07-29 2006-07-27 Movable device and receiver device for detecting contacts with the movable device Abandoned US20070060425A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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ATE422949T1 (de) 2009-03-15
US7891666B2 (en) 2011-02-22
ES2319693T3 (es) 2009-05-11
WO2007014702A1 (de) 2007-02-08
JP4762312B2 (ja) 2011-08-31
EP1866039B1 (de) 2009-01-14
WO2007014701A1 (de) 2007-02-08
US20070191083A1 (en) 2007-08-16
WO2007014700A1 (de) 2007-02-08
JP2009503468A (ja) 2009-01-29
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CN101232923B (zh) 2011-10-19
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US20110119022A1 (en) 2011-05-19
JP2009503466A (ja) 2009-01-29
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US20070059675A1 (en) 2007-03-15
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CN101198382B (zh) 2011-01-05
DE502006002656D1 (de) 2009-03-05
CN101232923A (zh) 2008-07-30
ATE420703T1 (de) 2009-01-15
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DE502006002898D1 (de) 2009-04-02
EP1866039A1 (de) 2007-12-19

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