US20070053060A1 - Display device - Google Patents

Display device Download PDF

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Publication number
US20070053060A1
US20070053060A1 US11/476,069 US47606906A US2007053060A1 US 20070053060 A1 US20070053060 A1 US 20070053060A1 US 47606906 A US47606906 A US 47606906A US 2007053060 A1 US2007053060 A1 US 2007053060A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
lenticular
color regions
eye
cell
display device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US11/476,069
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English (en)
Inventor
Jin-Hee Jung
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LG Display Co Ltd
Original Assignee
LG Philips LCD Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LG Philips LCD Co Ltd filed Critical LG Philips LCD Co Ltd
Assigned to LG.PHILIPS LCD CO., LTD. reassignment LG.PHILIPS LCD CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: JUNG, JIN-HEE
Publication of US20070053060A1 publication Critical patent/US20070053060A1/en
Assigned to LG DISPLAY CO., LTD. reassignment LG DISPLAY CO., LTD. CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: LG.PHILIPS LCD CO., LTD.
Priority to US12/726,922 priority Critical patent/US7864422B2/en
Priority to US12/952,849 priority patent/US7974007B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
    • G02B30/28—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays involving active lenticular arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/356—Image reproducers having separate monoscopic and stereoscopic modes
    • H04N13/359—Switching between monoscopic and stereoscopic modes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a display device, and more particularly, to a lenticular type display device.
  • three-dimensional image displays with various types, for example, a depth image type, a three-dimensional image type, a stereographic type and the like.
  • the depth image type is used for three-dimensional computer graphics or an IMAX movie.
  • the three-dimensional image type is used for a holographic image.
  • the depth image type and the three-dimensional image type require large amounts of data and result in a high cost. So, presently, the stereographic type is used widely.
  • the stereographic type display device displays a three-dimensional image using binocular parallax.
  • the stereographic type display device includes a display device that uses specific glasses and a display device without glasses.
  • the stereographic type display device without glasses is preferred to the stereographic type display device that uses the specific glasses because the stereographic type display device without glasses does not need the separate glasses.
  • the stereoscopic display devices without glasses are divided into a parallax barrier type, a lenticular type, and the like. Of these types, the lenticular type has been mainly used.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a lenticular type display device according to the related art.
  • the lenticular type display device includes a display cell 10 and a lenticular cell 20 .
  • the display cell 10 includes left-eye and right-eye red, green and blue pixels R L , R R , G L , G R , B L and B R .
  • the left-eye red, green and blue pixels R L , G L and B L are for a left eye of a viewer 2
  • the right-eye red, green and blue pixels R R , G R and B R are for a right eye of the viewer 2 .
  • the lenticular cell 20 includes a plurality of lens 22 arranged regularly.
  • the lens 22 has a semi-cylindrical shape that extends along a direction perpendicular to a plane of FIG. 1 . Two two-dimensional images for the left and right eyes are refracted and transferred to the left and right eyes, respectively, by the lens 22 . Therefore, the viewer 2 perceives three-dimensional images due to the binocular parallax.
  • FIG. 1 the lenticular type display device having a single view point is shown that the viewer 2 at one direction views the three-dimensional image.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a lenticular type display device having a multiple view point according to the related art.
  • three viewers 4 , 6 and 8 at different view points view a three-dimensional image through the lenticular type display device.
  • a plurality of red, green and blue pixels R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , G 1 , G 2 , G 3 , G 4 , B 1 , B 2 , B 3 and B 4 are arranged regularly.
  • a right eye of the first viewer 4 corresponds to the first red, green and blue pixels R 1 , G 1 and B 1
  • a left eye of the first viewer 4 corresponds to the second red, green and blue R 2 , G 2 and B 2 .
  • a right eye of the second viewer 6 corresponds to the third red, green and blue R 3 , G 3 and B 3
  • a left eye of the second viewer 6 corresponds to the fourth red, green and blue R 4 , G 4 and B 4
  • a right eye of the third viewer 8 corresponds to the first red pixel R 1 , the first green pixel G 1 and the first blue pixel B 1
  • a left eye of the third viewer 8 corresponds to the second red, green and blue pixels R 2 , G 2 and B 2
  • a lenticular cell refracts the two-dimensional images through the lens 22 .
  • the related art lenticular type display devices have the following problems.
  • the related art lenticular type display device is used only for a three-dimensional display device because the lens has permanent optical properties. If a viewer continues viewing a three-dimensional image for a long time using the lenticular type display device, the viewer feels tired. Accordingly, it is necessary that the three-dimensional image is changed into a two-dimensional image, however, it is difficult to change the image display modes in the related art lenticular type display device.
  • lenses having the same shape are used, irrespective of a refraction difference of red, green and blue colors. Accordingly, a chromatic aberration occurs.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating a chromatic aberration occurring in the related art lenticular type display device.
  • FIG. 3 for brevity of explanation, only red and violet light are shown.
  • red and violet light have different wavelengths but pass through the same lens, the red and violet light are focused at different points. This phenomenon is caused due to a chromatic difference of magnification. Therefore, display quality is reduced.
  • the present invention is directed to a display device that substantially obviates one or more of problems due to limitations and disadvantages of the related art.
  • a display device including: a display cell including at least two color regions, each of the at least color regions including a right-eye pixel and a left-eye pixel corresponding to a right eye and a left eye of a viewer, respectively; and a lenticular cell including at least two lenses corresponding to the at least two color regions, respectively, the at least two lenses having different focal lengths.
  • a display device including: a display cell including at least two color regions, each of the at least two color regions including a right-eye pixel and a left-eye pixel corresponding to a right eye and a left eye of a viewer; and a lenticular cell including at least two lenticular-shaped spaces filled with liquid crystal material corresponding to the at least two color regions, respectively, and having first and second conductive layers generating an electric field applied to the liquid crystal material.
  • a display device including: a display cell including at least two color regions, each of the at least color regions including a right-eye pixel and a left-eye pixel corresponding to a right eye and a left eye of a viewer, respectively; and a lenticular cell including at least two lenticular-shaped portions corresponding to the at least two color regions, wherein the lenticular shaped portions function as a lens.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a lenticular type display device according to the related art
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a lenticular type display device having multiple view points according to the related art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating a chromatic aberration occurring in the related art lenticular type display device
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a lenticular type display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a lenticular type display device having multiple view points according to another exemplary embodiment
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B are cross-sectional views illustrating a lenticular type display device, which is convertible between a two-dimensional mode and a three-dimensional mode, according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 7A and 7B are cross-sectional views illustrating a lenticular type display device, which is convertible between a two-dimensional mode and a three-dimensional mode, according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a lenticular type display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the lenticular type display device includes a display cell 110 and a lenticular cell 120 .
  • the display cell 110 includes a plurality of pixels in a matrix.
  • the plurality of pixels include a pixel producing a two-dimensional image for a right eye and a pixel making a two-dimensional image for a left eye.
  • the plurality of pixels include left-eye and right-eye red, green and blue pixels R L , R R , G L , G R , B L and B R .
  • the left-eye red, green and blue pixels R L , G L and B L are for a left eye of a viewer 102
  • the right-eye red, green and blue pixels R R , G R and B R are for a right eye of the viewer 102 .
  • the right-eye and left-eye pixels having the same color adjoin each other and define a color region.
  • the lenticular cell 120 includes a plurality of lens 124 , 126 and 128 .
  • the lens 124 , 126 and 128 may have a semi-cylindrical shape extending along a direction perpendicular to a plane of FIG. 4 .
  • the plurality of lens 124 , 126 and 128 includes first, second and third lens 124 , 126 and 128 having different focal lengths (i.e., refractive index).
  • the first, second and third lens 124 , 126 and 128 are arranged periodically such that the first lens 124 having a first focal length corresponds to the right and left red pixels R R and R L , the second lens 126 having a second focal length corresponds to the right and left green pixels G R and G L , and the third lens 128 having a third focal length corresponds to the right and left red pixels B R and B L .
  • the first, second and third focal lengths are different such that red, green and blue lights are focused at the same position.
  • the red light has a wavelength longer than the green light
  • the green light has a wavelength longer than the blue light.
  • the first focal length is less than the second focal length
  • the second focal length is less than the third focal length. Accordingly, the red, green and blue lights emitted from each of the right-eye pixels and the left-eye pixels are focused at the same position i.e., the right eye and the left eye of the viewer 102 . Therefore, a chromatic aberration can be removed.
  • the first to third lens 124 , 126 and 128 have a different shape such as a radius of curvature and a different thickness, a different material, or a different shape and a different material.
  • the first lens 124 may have a radius of curvature less than the second lens 126
  • the second lens 126 may have a radius of curvature less than the third lens 128
  • the first lens 124 may have a material of a refractive index higher than the second lens 126
  • the second lens 126 may have a material of a refractive index higher than the third lens 128 .
  • the lens corresponding to the different color pixels have the different focal lengths such that the different color lights are focused at the same position.
  • the shape, the material or both the shape and the material may be varied. Therefore, the chromatic aberration may be removed.
  • the lenticular type display device having a single view point is shown that the viewer 102 at one direction views the three-dimensional image.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a lenticular type display device having multiple view points according to another exemplary embodiment.
  • the lenticular type display device having triple view points is shown, similar to that of FIG. 3 .
  • the lenticular type display device is similar to that of FIG. 4 , except for having multiple view points. Explanations of parts similar to parts of FIGS. 3 and 4 are omitted.
  • the display cell 110 includes four pixels emitting the same color, for example, first to fourth red pixels R 1 to R 4 , first to fourth green pixels G 1 to G 4 , and first to fourth blue pixels B 1 to B 4 .
  • the four red, green and blue pixels define red, green and blue regions 112 , 114 and 116 , respectively.
  • the four pixels having the same color are arranged in each of the red, green and blue regions 112 , 114 ad 116 .
  • a right eye of a first viewer corresponds to the first red, green and blue pixels R 1 , G 1 and B 1
  • a left eye of the first viewer corresponds to the second red, green and blue R 2 , G 2 and B 2 .
  • a right eye of a second viewer corresponds to the third red, green and blue R 3 , G 3 and B 3
  • a left eye of the second viewer corresponds to the fourth red, green and blue R 4 , G 4 and B 4
  • a right eye of a third viewer corresponds to the first red pixel R 1 , the first green pixel G 1 and the first blue pixel B 1
  • a left eye of the third viewer corresponds to the second red, green and blue pixels R 2 , G 2 and B 2 .
  • a lenticular cell 120 having first, second and third lens 124 , 126 and 128 corresponding to the red region 112 (pixels), the green region 114 (pixels) and the blue region 116 (pixels), respectively, as similar to that of FIG. 4 .
  • the first to third lens 124 , 126 and 128 may have a different shape such as a radius of curvature and a different thickness, a different material, or a different shape and a different material, similar to that of FIG. 4 .
  • the lens corresponding to the different color pixels have the different focal lengths such that the different color lights are focused at the same position.
  • the multiple pixels having the same color are disposed below the corresponding lens. Therefore, the chromatic aberration may be removed and the multiple view points can be achieved simply.
  • the display cell may include various cell types, for example, a liquid crystal cell, a plasma display panel cell, a light emitting diode cell, a cathode ray tube cell and the like.
  • the color regions may be arranged in a matrix.
  • the lens having different focal lengths may be adequately arranged in a matrix like the pixels and the color regions.
  • the display cell may have other color type pixels making a white color, for example, cyan, magenta and yellow pixels.
  • the lenticular type display devices of FIGS. 4 and 5 are display devices for a three-dimensional mode.
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B are cross-sectional views illustrating a lenticular type display device, which is convertible between a two-dimensional mode and a three-dimensional mode, according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the lenticular type display device of FIGS. 6A and 6B is similar to that of FIGS. 4 and 5 , except for the lenticular cell.
  • the lenticular type display device includes a display cell 110 and a lenticular cell 120 .
  • the display cell 110 includes a plurality of pixels making at least two two-dimensional images.
  • the lenticular cell 120 includes first and second substrates 132 and 134 and a liquid crystal layer 160 filled in a lenticular-shaped space A between the first and second substrates 132 and 134 .
  • the lenticular cell 120 is transparent so that light emitted from the display cell 110 passes through the lenticular cell 120 .
  • the liquid crystal layer 160 has an optical anisotropy and a polarization property, the liquid crystal layer 160 having an ordinary refractive index and an extra-ordinary refractive index is used in the lenticular type display device so that both a two-dimensional image and a three-dimensional image are controllably displayed.
  • a first transparent conductive layer 140 is disposed on the first substrate 132 .
  • the first transparent conductive layer 140 includes a first electrode 142 and a first alignment layer 144 disposed sequentially.
  • a second transparent conductive layer 150 is disposed on the second substrate 134 .
  • the second transparent conductive layer 150 includes a second electrode 152 , a replica layer 154 and a second alignment layer 156 disposed sequentially.
  • a liquid crystal layer 160 fills a lenticular-shaped space A between the first and second alignment layers 144 and 156 .
  • the above components of the lenticular cell 120 are transparent.
  • the first and second electrodes 142 and 152 may include a transparent conductive material such as indium-tin-oxide (ITO), indium-zinc-oxide (IZO) and indium-tin-zinc-oxide (ITZO).
  • ITO indium-tin-oxide
  • IZO indium-zinc-oxide
  • ITZO indium-tin-zinc-oxide
  • the replica layer 154 has a plurality of curved-shaped portions.
  • the curved-shaped portion is concave.
  • the curved-shaped portion and the first alignment layer 144 define the lenticular-shaped space A.
  • the liquid crystal layer 160 filled in the lenticular-shaped space A has a lenticular shape.
  • the first alignment layer 144 may be flat or curved, and the liquid crystal layer 160 may include a nematic liquid crystal material.
  • Each curved-shaped portion may correspond to at least two pixels having the same color similar to FIGS. 4 and 5 .
  • a refraction of the liquid crystal layer 160 is varied in accordance with an arrangement of liquid crystal molecules.
  • the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules is varied in accordance with an electric field generated by a voltage difference of the first and second electrodes 142 and 152 .
  • the liquid crystal layer 160 functions as a non-refractor (i.e., non-lens) when the lenticular type display device is driven in a two-dimensional mode, and the liquid crystal layer 160 functions as a lens when the lenticular type display device is driven in a three-dimensional mode.
  • the liquid crystal layer 160 functions as a non-refractor for a two-dimensional mode when the extra-ordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal.
  • the liquid crystal layer 160 functions as a lens for a three-dimensional mode when the ordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal molecule matches a refractive index of the first and second transparent conductive layers 140 and 150 .
  • the liquid crystal layer 160 functions as a non-refractor. Therefore, the lenticular type display device is driven in a two-dimensional mode.
  • the liquid crystal layer 160 functions as a lens. Therefore, the lenticular type display device is driven in a three-dimensional mode.
  • the lenticular-shaped spaces A having the same shape are shown.
  • the lenticular-shaped spaces A may have a different shape such as radius of curvature or thickness, as similar to FIGS. 4 and 5 .
  • at least one of the first and second electrodes 142 and 152 may be divided to correspond to each lenticular-shaped space A. Such the divided portions may have different voltages applied such that the lenticular-shaped spaces A corresponding to the divided portions have a different refraction.
  • FIGS. 7A and 7B are cross-sectional views illustrating a lenticular type display device, which is convertible between a two-dimensional mode and a three-dimensional mode, according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the lenticular type display device of FIGS. 7A and 7B is similar to that of FIGS. 6A and 6B , except for a lenticular cell.
  • a second transparent layer 150 of a lenticular cell 120 includes a conductive high-molecular layer 158 on a second substrate 134 , instead of the second electrode, the replica layer and the second alignment layer of FIGS. 6A and 6B .
  • the conductive high-molecular layer 158 functions as the second electrode, the replica layer and the second alignment layer of FIGS. 6A and 6B .
  • the conductive high-molecular layer 158 is applied with a voltage and rubbed, and has a plurality of portions having a curved shape.
  • a first transparent layer 140 includes an electrode 142 and an alignment layer 144 disposed sequentially on a first substrate 132 .
  • a display cell 110 includes a plurality of pixels making at least two two-dimensional images.
  • a liquid crystal layer 160 is closer to where the electric field is generated in comparison with FIGS. 6A and 6B , so the lenticular type display device can be driven with a lower power.
  • the lenticular type display device is driven in a two-dimensional mode.
  • the lenticular type display device is driven in a three-dimensional mode.
  • the first transparent conductive layer may include a conductive high-molecular layer, instead of the electrode 142 and the alignment layer 144 , like the second transparent conductive layer.
  • the lenticular-shaped liquid crystal material functions as the non-refractor (non-lens) for a two-dimensional mode and the lens for a three-dimensional mode.
  • the lenticular type display device can be driven selectively with a two-dimensional mode and a three-dimensional mode.
US11/476,069 2005-06-29 2006-06-28 Display device Abandoned US20070053060A1 (en)

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US12/726,922 US7864422B2 (en) 2005-06-29 2010-03-18 Display device
US12/952,849 US7974007B2 (en) 2005-06-29 2010-11-23 Display device

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KR1020050057084A KR101071137B1 (ko) 2005-06-29 2005-06-29 렌티큘러방식 입체영상표시장치

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US12/726,922 Active US7864422B2 (en) 2005-06-29 2010-03-18 Display device
US12/952,849 Active US7974007B2 (en) 2005-06-29 2010-11-23 Display device

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CN1892287A (zh) 2007-01-10
US7864422B2 (en) 2011-01-04
US20100172023A1 (en) 2010-07-08
KR101071137B1 (ko) 2011-10-10
US20110070798A1 (en) 2011-03-24
US7974007B2 (en) 2011-07-05
KR20070001528A (ko) 2007-01-04

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