US20060251998A1 - Metal burner membrane - Google Patents

Metal burner membrane Download PDF

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Publication number
US20060251998A1
US20060251998A1 US10/553,405 US55340505A US2006251998A1 US 20060251998 A1 US20060251998 A1 US 20060251998A1 US 55340505 A US55340505 A US 55340505A US 2006251998 A1 US2006251998 A1 US 2006251998A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
section
gas burner
burner
curvature
membrane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/553,405
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Dinand Lamberts
Alfred Van Goor
Geert Folkers
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bekaert NV SA
Bekaert Combustion Technology BV
Original Assignee
Bekaert NV SA
Bekaert Combustion Technology NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bekaert NV SA, Bekaert Combustion Technology NV filed Critical Bekaert NV SA
Assigned to N.V. BEKAERT S.A., BEKAERT COMBUSTION TECHNOLOGY N.V. reassignment N.V. BEKAERT S.A. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: FOLKERS, GEERT, LAMBERTS, DINAND, VAN GOOR, ALFRED
Publication of US20060251998A1 publication Critical patent/US20060251998A1/en
Assigned to BEKAERT COMBUSTION TECHNOLOGY B.V. reassignment BEKAERT COMBUSTION TECHNOLOGY B.V. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BEKAERT COMBUSTION TECHNOLOGY NV
Priority to US12/967,386 priority Critical patent/US20110081621A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/14—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
    • F23D14/145—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates combustion being stabilised at a screen or a perforated plate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/101—Flame diffusing means characterised by surface shape
    • F23D2203/1017—Flame diffusing means characterised by surface shape curved
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2212/00—Burner material specifications
    • F23D2212/20—Burner material specifications metallic
    • F23D2212/201—Fibres

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gas burner comprising a metal burner membrane.
  • the first drawback of these burners is that for a given dimension, they do not allow for a large range in output power at low power, i.e. if the gasflow is low, there is a risk for flame extinguishment, and at high powers, i.e. if the gasflow is high, there is a risk that the flame blows off.
  • a third drawback of these burners is that different parts have to be punched, formed and welded together which leads to expensive burners.
  • a gas burner according the present invention comprises a metal burner membrane. Geometrically this burner membrane comprises a base section end a closing section.
  • the base section has a smallest radius of curvature R base . What is meant with “smallest radius of curvature” will be explained further on.
  • the base section is connected uninterruptedly to the dosing section through a transition region: the transition region burner membrane comprises the same elements as the base and closing section.
  • the transition region has a smallest radius of curvature r transition being larger than zero and being smaller or equal to R base .: 0 ⁇ r transition ⁇ R base .
  • R base is infinitely large, is not excluded. More preferred is: 0.02 ⁇ R base ⁇ r transition ⁇ 0.7 ⁇ R base . Even more preferred is: 0.02 ⁇ R base ⁇ r transition ⁇ 0.35 ⁇ R base
  • the smallest radius of curvature of the closing section is no limitation on the smallest radius of curvature of the closing section.
  • each of them is associated with a particular cut according a plane containing the normal fine at the point under consideration. The intersection of this plane with the burner membrane results in a trajectory.
  • the radius of curvature is the radius of the circle in the intersecting plane, which osculates to second order the trajectory at the point under consideration.
  • the smallest radius is selected. As each point of a section has a smallest radius, the smallest of all smallest radii of the section can be defined to be the smallest radius of curvature of this section.
  • the smallest radius of curvature that may be found is zero.
  • the same definition applies mutatis mutandis to each of the three parts of the burner membrane: the base section, the transition region and the closing section. For each of them a smallest radius of curvature can thus be found.
  • a base section having a tubular shape with a rounded polygonal cross section this smallest radius of curvature is equal to the radius of the rounding in the edges.
  • the smallest radius of curvature is equal to half its diameter.
  • the invention relates to the embodiment of this geometrical construction, which of course is subject to engineering tolerances.
  • the invention is not delimited to the abstract geometrical shape as such but to the shape of the actual burner membrane. This shape can be easily measured by means of an appropriate computerised 3-D measuring bench that allows for immediate determination of the geometrical features in general and the radii of curvature in particular.
  • the shape of the burner membrane influences the functioning of the burner in the following way: those regions of the burner membrane that have a smaller radius of curvature yield a lower gas speed outside the membrane compared to the regions with a higher radius of curvature. A lower gas speed leads to a lower flame front. So the speed of the gas outside the membrane, and subsequently the flame front, can be advantageously modulated over the surface by changing the radius of curvature.
  • the transition from base section to closing section is realised without interruption.
  • uninterrupted is meant that the membrane forming the different sections (base, transition and dosing) are not connected by any means that would lead to a seam of the membrane with a blocked gas flow at the burner surface as a result.
  • the three sections: base, transition and dosing must be gas permeable.
  • the fact that the burner membrane is free of interruption ensures a dosed flame front throughout the whole burner membrane.
  • the three sections (base, transition and dosing) can be realised uninterruptedly in one of the following ways:
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the basic geometrical principles of the invention in perspective view.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a preferred embodiment of the invention in perspective view
  • FIG. 3 ( a ) shows a cut of the preferred embodiment along the line A, A′ of FIG. 2 along with the geometrical elements.
  • FIG. 3 ( b ) shows a cut of the preferred embodiment along the line A, A′ of FIG. 2 along with the physical features.
  • FIG. 4 ( a ) shows a second preferred embodiment based on a rectangular cross section of the base section.
  • FIGS. 4 ( b ) and 4 ( c ) show the section through planes MA and BB of FIG. 4 ( a ) respectively.
  • FIG. 4 ( d ) shows a top view cross section of the burner of FIG. 4 ( a ), through the middle of the base section.
  • FIG. 5 ( a ) shows a third preferred embodiment in side view.
  • FIG. 5 ( b ) shows the third preferred embodiment from above.
  • FIG. 5 ( c ) shows an alternate to the third preferred embodiment in side view.
  • FIG. 6 ( a ) shows a fourth preferred embodiment in side view.
  • FIG. 6 ( b ) shows the fourth preferred embodiment from above.
  • FIG. 6 ( c ) shows an alternate to the fourth preferred embodiment in side view.
  • FIG. 1 The basic geometrical features of the invention are illustrated in FIG. 1 where a shape 100 of a burner membrane is depicted consisting out of a base section 102 , a transition section 104 and a top section 106 .
  • a shape 100 of a burner membrane is depicted consisting out of a base section 102 , a transition section 104 and a top section 106 .
  • the planes P 1 , P 2 and P 3 all containing the normal N, cut the surface of the burner along different trajectories T 1 , T 2 and T 3 respectively.
  • the osculating circle C touches T 1 in ‘a’. If will be clear that of all planes containing N, the plane P 1 determines the trajectory T 1 with the smallest radius of curvature R(a) at ‘a’. If now for every point Y (not indicated on FIG.
  • FIG. 2 depicts a first preferred embodiment 200 in perspective view.
  • the base section 201 is frustoconical in shape and reaches its minimum radius of curvature on the circle 204 .
  • the transition region 202 is a surface section of a torus and the closing section 203 is a flat disc.
  • FIG. 3 ( a ) shows the geometrical elements of the first preferred embodiment of FIG. 2 according the line AA′. Only the outer surface of the surface membrane is depicted in order to bring forward the geometrical elements.
  • the frustoconical base section 201 has its smallest radius of curvature at the smaller diameter side.
  • the half top angle of the cone 326 was about 30° although 0° (a cylindrical base section) turned out to work just as well (embodiment not shown). Higher top angles—the maximum being 90°, a flat plane—are also not excluded. All points on the circle 204 share the same minimum radius of curvature R base 328 .
  • the sphere 320 with radius R base defines the largest ‘smallest radius of curvature’ the transition region may have according the invention.
  • the transition region is part of the surface of a torus formed by a circle 324 that is rotated around the symmetry axis 340 .
  • the radius of circle 324 determines the radius of the transition region ‘r transition ’ 330 .
  • Part of a torus surface between the plane of circle 204 and a plane parallel to the latter is taken as the transition region.
  • the torus can also be constructed by rotating an ellipse or an oval or any other rounded figure around the axis of symmetry 340 .
  • the torus is degenerate i.e. when there is no hole in the middle, is not excluded. This is e.g. the case in FIG. 3 a .
  • the dosing section 203 is a flat disc. In this embodiment. In another preferred embodiment of this invention (no figure provided) the closing section is a small inverted sphere cap thus entailing a depression at the centre of the burner membrane.
  • crossover from base section to transition region need not be smooth (with ‘smooth’ is meant continuous first order derivatives) but must be uninterrupted (zero order continuity).
  • FIG. 3 b depicts the physical features of the first preferred embodiment along the cut according plane AA′ indicated in FIG. 2 .
  • 201 ′ indicates the stamped foraminated metal plate made out of a single piece of metal plate.
  • the foraminated metal plate is provided with a number of holes. As the hole size is relatively large (1 mm for this embodiment), the change in hole size at the transition region due to the deformation of the plate is not relevant to the flow speed of the gas.
  • a piece of knitted metal fibre fabric 305 is tensioned over the base section, the transition section and the dosing section.
  • the fabric was attached to the foraminated plate by means of spot welding although other means of fastening are equally well possible for example—without being exhaustive—by sewing or by stapling.
  • the fabric was kept on the foraminated plate by means of a damping ring that was spot welded to the plate.
  • Knitted metal fibre fabric allows for a high elongation thus leading to a continuous transition from the base section to the dosing section.
  • the arrows 307 , 308 and 309 indicate the velocity of the gas as it flows out of the membrane.
  • the lower gas velocity in the transition region 202 is represented with a shorter vector 308
  • the gas velocity at the base section 201 and the dosing section 203 is higher which is represented by a longer vector 309 resp. 307 .
  • the lower flame front 310 where the gas ignites—and the outer flame front 313 —where the top of the flame is—is indicated for each of the sections.
  • FIG. 4 a preferred embodiment is illustrated that is more suited for replacement of a rectangular type burner.
  • the cross-section of the base section is essentially rectangular of which the edges are rounded.
  • FIG. 4 b is a cross-section along plane AA′ of FIG. 4 a : the base section 401 smoothly goes over into the transition region 402 which approximates the upper half of an ellipse with a minor half axis indicated by 406 and a major half axis indicated by 405 .
  • 407 indicates the osculating circle associated with the smallest radius of curvature of the transition region.
  • FIG. 4 c shows a cut along the line BB′.
  • FIG. 4 c shows an essentially identical shape as the AA′ cut, but here the half ellipse has been cut in two, and the two quarter pieces have been displaced the appropriate distance.
  • FIG. 4 d shows the dosing view of a horizontal cut. The rounded corners have essentially merged into a semicircle with a radius equal to the half major axis of the ellipse as described in FIG. 4 b.
  • the dosing section has vanished into a single line 408 .
  • the foraminated plate 201 ′ of FIG. 3 b was replaced by a stainless steel wire mesh 520 .
  • the diameter of the wires was 0.48 mm, with a square 24/24 mesh size (24 wires per inch) in a 2/2 twilled weave.
  • the minimum radius of curvature 506 in the transition region 502 was equal to 4 mm although a radius from 2 to 8 mm works equally well.
  • the value of the minimum radius of curvature 508 of the base section 501 was 25 mm and is preferably in the range of 30 to 45 mm.
  • the dosing section is a flat disc 504 .
  • a knitted metal fibre fabric 512 was spot welded to the wire mash.
  • FIG. 5 ( c ) An alternative to the third embodiment is depicted in FIG. 5 ( c ). Like parts of the burner membrane according the third embodiment are identified with primed numbers.
  • the transition region 502 ′ is in the form of a circular ridge.
  • the top of the ridge has a radius of curvature 506 ′, which turns out to be the smallest radius of curvature of the transition region.
  • a stainless steel wire mesh 610 was used.
  • the base section 601 has a very large minimum radius of curvature
  • the transition region 602 has a minimum radius of curvature indicated by 606
  • the dosing section vanishes to a single line 604 .
  • the minimum radius of curvature of the transition region 606 is 9 mm although values from 3 mm upward are also possible.
  • FIG. 6 ( c ) An alternative to the fourth embodiment is depicted in FIG. 6 ( c ). Again like parts of the burner membrane according the fourth embodiment are identified with primed numbers.
  • the transition region 602 ′ is in the form of a ridge extending substantially the length of the longitudinal burner membrane.
  • the top of the ridge has a radius of curvature 606 ′, which turns out to be the smallest radius of curvature of the transition region. Again the dosing section vanishes into a line 604 ′.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
US10/553,405 2003-04-18 2004-02-25 Metal burner membrane Abandoned US20060251998A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/967,386 US20110081621A1 (en) 2003-04-18 2010-12-14 Metal burner membrane

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03101079 2003-04-18
EP03101079.6 2003-04-18
PCT/EP2004/050205 WO2004092647A1 (en) 2003-04-18 2004-02-25 A metal burner membrane

Related Child Applications (1)

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US12/967,386 Division US20110081621A1 (en) 2003-04-18 2010-12-14 Metal burner membrane

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US12/967,386 Abandoned US20110081621A1 (en) 2003-04-18 2010-12-14 Metal burner membrane

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US (2) US20060251998A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP1616128B1 (zh)
KR (2) KR20050122273A (zh)
CN (2) CN100557310C (zh)
WO (1) WO2004092647A1 (zh)

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WO2012084561A1 (en) * 2010-12-20 2012-06-28 Solaronics S.A. Gas fired radiation emitter with embossed screen
US20120193452A1 (en) * 2009-12-11 2012-08-02 Nv Bekaert Sa Burner with low porosity burner deck
US20140011143A1 (en) * 2011-01-12 2014-01-09 Luca Barozzi High perimeter stability burner
US20150147708A1 (en) * 2011-09-16 2015-05-28 Viktor Mykolayovych Kornilov Braided burner for premixed gas-phase combustion
US20150192291A1 (en) * 2014-01-06 2015-07-09 Rheem Manufacturing Company Multi-Cone Fuel Burner Apparatus For Multi-Tube Heat Exchanger
EP2942564A1 (en) * 2014-05-07 2015-11-11 Worgas Burners Limited Gas burner
US20160123580A1 (en) * 2013-07-02 2016-05-05 Bekaert Combustion Technology B.V. Gas premix burner
WO2019165378A1 (en) * 2018-02-23 2019-08-29 Fulton Group N.A., Inc. Compact inward-firing premix mesh surface combustion system, and fluid heating system and packaged burner system including the same
WO2019207559A3 (en) * 2018-04-13 2019-12-26 Fulton Group N.A., Inc. Compact dual-fuel combustion system, and fluid heating system and packaged burner system including the same
CN110832253A (zh) * 2017-07-13 2020-02-21 贝卡尔特燃烧技术股份有限公司 预混合气体燃烧器
US10989406B2 (en) * 2018-02-23 2021-04-27 Fulton Group N.A., Inc. Compact inward-firing premix fuel combustion system, and fluid heating system and packaged burner system including the same
US11236903B2 (en) 2018-02-23 2022-02-01 Fulton Group N.A., Inc. Compact inward-firing premix fuel combustion system, and fluid heating system and packaged burner system including the same

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SI1977177T1 (sl) * 2006-01-25 2018-10-30 Solaronics S.A. Konvekcijski sistem za sušilno napravo
ITMI20060147A1 (it) * 2006-01-27 2007-07-28 Worgas Bruciatori Srl Dispositivo bruciatore a potenza elevata
CA2664976C (en) 2006-11-08 2014-09-16 Bekaert Combustion Technology B.V. Modular flare stack and method of flaring waste gas
EP2201307B1 (en) * 2007-10-25 2016-06-08 Bekaert Combust. Technol. B.V. Heat exchanger element with a combustion chamber for a low co and nox emission combustor
CN101918763B (zh) * 2007-12-17 2012-06-27 贝卡尔特燃烧技术股份有限公司 新式预混燃烧器
EP2636951A1 (en) 2012-03-07 2013-09-11 Flare Industries, LLC Apparatus and method for flaring waste gas
EP2844920B1 (en) 2012-05-03 2016-05-18 Bekaert Combustion Technology B.V. Gas premix burner
JP6029857B2 (ja) * 2012-05-23 2016-11-24 株式会社パロマ 濃淡バーナ
ITMI20121643A1 (it) * 2012-10-02 2014-04-03 Worgas Bruciatori Srl Bruciatore con diffusore in tessuto
WO2014067744A1 (en) 2012-10-31 2014-05-08 Bekaert Combustion Technology B.V. Gas premix burner
US10995965B2 (en) 2013-01-25 2021-05-04 Beckett Gas, Inc. Ultra-low NOx burner
EP2789911B1 (en) 2013-04-09 2016-07-20 Bekaert Combustion Technology B.V. Gas premix burner
EP3017099B1 (en) 2013-07-02 2019-05-22 Bekaert Combustion Technology B.V. Premix gas burner
ITMI20131968A1 (it) * 2013-11-26 2015-05-27 Worgas Bruciatori Srl Bruciatore
US11215366B2 (en) 2017-05-24 2022-01-04 Bekaert Combustion Technology B.V. Inwardly firing premix gas burner
WO2019011736A1 (en) * 2017-07-13 2019-01-17 Bekaert Combustion Technology B.V. GAS PREMIX BURNER
WO2019011738A1 (en) * 2017-07-13 2019-01-17 Bekaert Combustion Technology B.V. PREMIX GAS BURNER
NL2021261B1 (nl) * 2018-07-06 2020-01-15 Bekaert Combustion Tech Bv Warmtecel voor de opwarming van water door middel van warmteoverdracht van rookgassen
NL2024623B1 (en) 2020-01-08 2021-09-07 Bekaert Combustion Tech Bv Gas burner and heating appliance
CN114945777A (zh) 2020-01-08 2022-08-26 贝卡尔特燃烧技术股份有限公司 气体燃烧器和加热器具
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KR20050122273A (ko) 2005-12-28
KR20110104080A (ko) 2011-09-21
EP1616128A1 (en) 2006-01-18
WO2004092647A1 (en) 2004-10-28
CN100557310C (zh) 2009-11-04
US20110081621A1 (en) 2011-04-07
CN101545634B (zh) 2012-04-04
CN1777775A (zh) 2006-05-24
CN101545634A (zh) 2009-09-30

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