US20060144062A1 - Method and device for regulating the atmospheric conditions during a spinning process - Google Patents

Method and device for regulating the atmospheric conditions during a spinning process Download PDF

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Publication number
US20060144062A1
US20060144062A1 US10/508,394 US50839405A US2006144062A1 US 20060144062 A1 US20060144062 A1 US 20060144062A1 US 50839405 A US50839405 A US 50839405A US 2006144062 A1 US2006144062 A1 US 2006144062A1
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Prior art keywords
spinning
air
area
room
molded articles
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Stefan Zikeli
Friedrich Ecker
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Lenzing AG
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Individual
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Publication of US20060144062A1 publication Critical patent/US20060144062A1/en
Assigned to ZIMMER GMBH reassignment ZIMMER GMBH CHANGE OF LEGAL FORM Assignors: ZIMMER AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT
Assigned to ZIAG PLANT ENGINEERING GMBH reassignment ZIAG PLANT ENGINEERING GMBH CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ZIMMER GMBH
Assigned to LENZING AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT reassignment LENZING AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ZIAG PLANT ENGINEERING GMBH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/16—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by purification, e.g. by filtering; by sterilisation; by ozonisation
    • F24F3/163—Clean air work stations, i.e. selected areas within a space which filtered air is passed
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/06—Wet spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D11/00—Other features of manufacture
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
    • F24F11/76—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity by means responsive to temperature, e.g. bimetal springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
    • F24F11/77—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity by controlling the speed of ventilators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/10—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/20—Humidity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/50—Air quality properties
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F24F8/175—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering using biological materials, plants or microorganisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F24F8/192—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by electrical means, e.g. by applying electrostatic fields or high voltages
    • F24F8/194—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by electrical means, e.g. by applying electrostatic fields or high voltages by filtering using high voltage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for controlling the room air conditions in a spinning process carried out in an open spinning area opposite the room, whereby endless molded articles are extruded, in the spinning area, from a spinning mass containing cellulose, water and tertiary amine oxide, and the extruded endless molded articles are air-quenched with a gas phase in an air jet prior to the immersion into a precipitating bath, and wherein the spinning plant can be inspected and maintained by operating staff in a staying area adjacent to the spinning area.
  • N-methyl-morpholine-N-oxide (NMMNO) is used as tertiary amine oxide.
  • the heated spinning mass is passed through extrusion openings of the spinning plant and is extruded to form endless molded articles.
  • An air gap is directly adjacent to the extrusion openings or, respectively, to the extrusion or spinning nozzles.
  • a tensile force is applied to and drafts the endless molded articles.
  • the thickness of the endless molded articles e.g. the fiber titer of textile fibers, is adjusted by means of the tensile force.
  • the molecules orientate themselves in the endless molded articles thereby increasing the mechanical stability thereof.
  • the endless molded articles are immersed in a precipitating bath, in which the solvent still contained in the endless molded articles is precipitated.
  • a precipitating bath in which the solvent still contained in the endless molded articles is precipitated.
  • the spinning process takes place in a substantially closed room, mostly a hall, a spinning hall or the like.
  • the spinning performance can be improved and the fibrillation tendency can be reduced, if the air humidity in two portions of the air gap is adjusted at different levels.
  • annular spinning nozzle is employed for the production of fibers, allowing the supply of the cooling gas stream to the filament bundles in a constantly laminar manner.
  • Document WO 96/17118 describes a method according to which conditioned air is used for cooling the freshly spun filaments. In other words, air with a relative air humidity of up to 85% can be injected.
  • DE 19717257 A1 describes an improvement where air between 14 and 25° C. is used for the air quenching.
  • a turbulent gaseous substance stream is directed at the endless molded articles in the air gap in accordance with the teaching of document DE 102 00 406 filed by the applicant, the entire contents of which are included by reference in the present specification.
  • Such a turbulent cooling gas stream effects a more efficient cooling, and a better intermixture in the area of the endless molded articles, as well as a better thermal compensation.
  • the type of air supply described in DE 102 00 406, preferably not directly after the filaments exit the nozzle and not directly before the immersion thereof in the precipitating bath, stabilizes the spinning process.
  • Such insulated or sealed spinning areas are, however, disadvantageous in as far as the very unfavorable operating properties of such a plant are concerned: If maintenance or repair works take place, a hermetic sealing of the spinning area under a kind of protection cover is problematical, as the operating staff inspecting the spinning plant and the spinning process from an inspection area located in the staying area cannot, or only with difficulties, notice malfunctions in the spinning process through said protection cover. Moreover, if maintenance works take place in the spinning area, it is complicated to remove the hermetic cover at first. The provision of a protection cover also negatively influences the exchange of nozzles.
  • the spinning plant according to DE 102 04 381 comprises spinning means, which are freely visible from an inspection area being a part of a staying area for the operating staff, and which are, at the same time, accessible by the operating staff—essentially out of one posture—in a maintenance area located between the inspection area and the spinning plant, which likewise forms part of the staying area.
  • the invention is, therefore, based on the object to provide a method and a device allowing the use of efficient air-quenching, with the simultaneous ergonomic construction of the spinning plant, and the adjustment of the room air conditions necessary under the aspect of working technique.
  • this object for the above-mentioned method is solved by controlling the exhaust air from and the additional air to the room, taking into account the gaseous substance stream, such that predetermined room air conditions are adjusted in the spinning area and/or maintenance area.
  • This solution is simple and differs from conventional air-conditioning plants in that, for the adjustment of the room air conditions, the gaseous substance stream is explicitly considered as a balancing quantity for controlling the room air conditions.
  • process air which comprises the vapors from the hot spinning mass and from the precipitating bath, the gaseous substance stream and heated air from the environment of the air gap.
  • the solution according to the invention allows to find a compromise between the air conditions in the spinning area, which are necessary for a good fiber quality, and the requirements relating to the room air conditions for the operating staff.
  • specific air conditions have to be provided and kept constant over a longer period of time.
  • care must be taken that, while obtaining bearable climatic conditions at the working place, the air conditions required under the aspect of process engineering are not deteriorated, which, again, results in a poor product quality such as adhesiveness, thread breakings, irregularities in the thickness and stability of the fibers and fiber tows in the form of filaments and staple fibers.
  • the room air conditions can optimally be controlled in view of the process control and the well-being of the operating staff, despite the gaseous substance stream from the spinning area, and the exhaust air can be supplied to a subsequent post-processing plant.
  • the solution according to the invention eventually also allows the addition of viscosity-modifying, slightly boiling liquids to the spinning mass, which liquids spontaneously evaporate during the extrusion, especially at extrusion and processing temperatures of approximately 100° C. or more.
  • said vapors would escape into the environment directly adjacent to the spinning plant, or into the working area, e.g. in the form of solvent vapor enriched with water, water vapor or with a cellulose solvent and the degradation products thereof, where they would negatively influence the climatic working conditions.
  • the room air conditions can especially be adjusted to predetermined values or desired values (target values) of certain quantities of state.
  • quantities of state are preferably those that are most strongly influenced by the spinning process.
  • Such quantities of state are, for instance, the contents of tertiary amine oxide and/or other degradation products of the spinning process in the room air, which the gaseous substance stream conveys out of the endless molded articles, or the humidity or temperature of the room air.
  • Said quantities of state may be used individually or in optional combinations with each other as control quantities or actuating variables for controlling the room air conditions.
  • the process quantities have to be adjusted and measured, such as the exhaust air quantity in m 3 /h, the additional air quantity in m 3 /h, the exhaust air temperature in ° C., the additional air temperature in ° C., the relative air humidity or the humidity in the air in (kg water)/(kg dry air), and related to the operating parameters of the spinning machine.
  • Additional measurements of the air composition in the exhaust air such as the contents of amines, other organic solvents and water may also take place, so as to control a possibly connected subsequent treatment plant for air in response to the process such that good spinning and room conditions, as well as a high recovery and precipitation degree of air ingredients are obtained.
  • one or more sensors may be provided for this purpose in the spinning area and/or the maintenance area.
  • These sensors detect the actual value of such a quantity of state representing the room air conditions and forward the same to a controller.
  • the actual value can then be compared with a predetermined desired value and, in correspondence with the deviation of the actually measured quantity of state from the desired value, the room air conditions can be tracked or controlled.
  • Such a tracking of the room air conditions may, for example, be adjusted by controlling the volume flow rate of the exhaust air.
  • the volume flow rate of the additional air supplied to the room can be tracked.
  • the temperature and/or the humidity of the additional air can be changed in correspondence with the deviation of the room air conditions from the desired value by heating devices and/or moisteners. If, for example, a humidity measured in the spinning area is too high, the additional air supplied to the spinning area may be dried to an increased extent.
  • the additional air may thereby consist of external air or, at least partially, of purified and circulated air.
  • the exhaust air can, at least partially, directly be sucked out of the spinning area by means of a process air exhaustion.
  • a process air exhaustion Preferably the entire, or at least the major part, of the process air is thereby sucked off, before it can reach the maintenance area.
  • corresponding suction openings may be arranged in the spinning area itself, or in the direct proximity of the spinning area.
  • the exhaustion in the proximity of the air gap is, however, not unproblematic, as a sufficient distance of the suction openings from the endless molded articles in the air gap and from the surface of the precipitating bath is required, for not loading the filaments in the air gap by the exhaust stream too much on one hand, and for keeping the precipitating bath surface as quiet as possible on the other hand.
  • This embodiment has the advantage that, due to the direct exhaustion from the spinning area, the room air conditions in the spinning area can more directly be controlled and a larger exchange of air can be obtained.
  • the exhaust air can, at least partially, be sucked directly out of the maintenance area, so as allow the direct adjustment of the room air conditions also in this area by means of the exhaust air control.
  • the exhaust air is, at least partially, sucked off from the portion of the room close to the ceiling.
  • part of the additional air may be supplied directly into or adjacent to the staying area.
  • the additional air stream is passed along predetermined paths by positioning the exhaust air devices.
  • This shielding may, for instance, take place in the form of an air curtain, i.e. by a layer of air preferably streaming vertically along a front of the spinning plant.
  • between 3 and 50 m 3 gaseous substance per kg of endless molded articles produced during the spinning process in the spinning area can be blown into the air gap by the air-quenching device, preferably at velocities of more than 30 m/s.
  • the room air conditions can particularly be improved by circulating 3 to 10 times the volume of the room per hour.
  • the quantity of exhaust air sucked out of the room per hour may be 1.2 to 2.5 times the gaseous substance stream from the air-quenching device.
  • the exhaust air once withdrawn from the room in which the spinning process takes place, can be purified.
  • the exhaust air may, for this purpose, be fed to a purification step, in which the portion of the portions deriving from the spinning process in the exhaust air is reduced.
  • the precipitated constituents e.g. the recovered tertiary amine oxide, or the degradation products formed in the thermal treatment during the production of the suspension solution in the spinning process, may be recirculated into the spinning process or may be removed.
  • the purification step may particularly comprise a drop eliminator, a quencher and/or an aerosol separator, as well as a process step in which a substantially biological purification by means of a microbial degradation of degradation products of the spinning process takes place in biofilters.
  • an electrostatic filter with a purification upstream or downstream thereof may be provided, in which the exhaust air is conducted through electrically charged fixtures such as netting wires.
  • the aerosol separator is preferably arranged upstream of an acidic or alkaline washing stage so as to recover the useful materials N-methyl-morpholine-N-oxide (NMMNO), N-methyl-morpholine (NMM) and morpholine (M) contained in the exhaust air, particularly in the withdrawn process air, and to recirculate them to the spinning process.
  • NMMNO N-methyl-morpholine-N-oxide
  • NMM N-methyl-morpholine
  • M morpholine
  • the device according to the invention may also be constructed as a retrofit kit, with which existing plants for the production of endless molded articles from a spinning mass containing water, cellulose and tertiary amine oxide may be retrofitted.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a spinning process for the production of endless molded articles from a spinning mass containing water, cellulose and tertiary amine oxide in a schematic general survey
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective drawing of an embodiment of a spinning plant comprising a spinning area and a staying area
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective drawing of the removal of exhaust air by suction and the supply of additional air in a room comprising a spinning plant
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic general survey of the method for purifying the exhaust air.
  • a spinning mass 2 which contains cellulose, water and tertiary amine oxide, e.g. N-methyl-morpholine-N-oxide (NMMNO), as well as, if required, stabilizers for thermally stabilizing the cellulose and the solvent.
  • NMMNO N-methyl-morpholine-N-oxide
  • stabilizers may, for example, be propyl gallate and media or mixtures thereof with an alkaline effect.
  • additives such as anorganic and organic salts, titanium oxide, barium sulfate, graphite, carboxymethylcelluloses, polyethylene glycols, chitin, chitosan, alginic acid, polysaccharides, colorants, chemicals having antibacterial effects, flame retardants containing phosphor, halogens or nitrogen, activated carbon, blacks or electrically conductive blacks, silicic acid as well as organic solvents such as low, medium and higher boiling alcohols, dimethyl formamides, dimethyl acetamides, dimethyl sulfoxides as thinning agents etc. may be contained in the spinning mass.
  • anorganic and organic salts titanium oxide, barium sulfate, graphite, carboxymethylcelluloses, polyethylene glycols, chitin, chitosan, alginic acid, polysaccharides, colorants, chemicals having antibacterial effects, flame retardants containing phosphor, halogens or nitrogen, activated carbon, blacks or electrically conductive black
  • the spinning mass 2 is transported via a pump 3 through a conduit system 4 , in which a pressure compensating container 5 can be arranged for compensating pressure and volume flow rate deviations in the conduit system.
  • a pressure compensating container 5 can be arranged for compensating pressure and volume flow rate deviations in the conduit system.
  • an extrusion head 6 can be supplied with the spinning mass 2 continuously and constantly.
  • the conduit system 4 is provided with temperature control devices (not shown), by means of which the temperature of the spinning mass 2 during the transport thereof through the conduit system 4 can exactly be controlled. An exact temperature control is necessary, as the chemical and mechanical properties of the spinning mass strongly depend on the temperature. For example, the viscosity of the spinning mass 2 drops with increasing temperature and shear rate.
  • burst protection devices (not shown) with bursting discs are provided in the conduit or line system 4 at regular intervals, which are necessary because of the tendency of the spinning mass to a spontaneous exothermal reaction.
  • the burst protection devices avoid damages in the conduit system 4 and in the pressure compensating container 5 as well as of the subsequently connected extrusion head 6 , if such a spontaneous exothermal reaction takes place. If a reaction in the spinning mass takes place, the pressure in the conduit system 4 increases, which results in the bursting of the bursting discs and in the discharge of the bursting pressure to the environment.
  • a spontaneous exothermal reaction in the spinning mass 2 can especially occur when a certain temperature is exceeded, or as a result of aging of the spinning mass 2 , especially in areas with stagnant water.
  • the conduit system is designed in a flow-favorable manner in the area flown through by the highly viscous spinning mass 2 .
  • the spinning mass is distributed in a nozzle volume 7 to a plurality of extrusion channels 8 in the form of spinning capillaries arranged in several rows, which, in FIG. 1 , extend perpendicularly to the plane of projection.
  • each spinning capillary 8 is, at least section-wise, surrounded by a heating device 9 , by which the wall temperature of the spinning capillary is controllable.
  • the wall temperature of the spinning capillary 8 is approximately 150° C., the temperature of the spinning mass approximately 100° C.
  • the heating device 9 extends preferably up to the discharge opening 10 of the extrusion channel positioned in the direction of flow S. Thus, the wall of the extrusion channel 8 is heated up to the extrusion channel opening 10 .
  • the spinning mass is extruded and is subsequently discharged into an air gap 12 in the form of a spinning filament 11 .
  • An air-quenching device 15 is arranged in the air gap 12 , by which a gaseous substance stream 16 is directed at the curtain of endless molded articles 11 .
  • the gaseous substance stream 16 is turbulent and has a velocity of at least 30 m/s. It is directed downwardly with respect to the horizontal line and clearly spaced away from the extrusion head. Its height in the direction, in which the endless molded articles are passed through, is less than 10 mm.
  • the extrusion head 6 and the elements described in the following form part of a spinning plant 14 standing in a room not illustrated in FIG. 1 , e.g. a factory hall.
  • a spinning plant 14 standing in a room not illustrated in FIG. 1 , e.g. a factory hall.
  • the curtain of endless molded articles immerses into a precipitating bath 17 , in which the solvent is precipitated out of the endless molded articles.
  • a deviation or deflector device 18 is arranged in the precipitating bath 17 , through which the plane curtain is deviated in the direction of a bundling device 19 .
  • the bundling device bundles the individual endless molded articles 11 to substantially one point, and this fiber bundle is passed on to additional process steps (not shown in FIG. 1 ).
  • the spinning plant may also comprise additional spinning locations, as is schematically illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • an extrusion head 6 comprising extrusion openings distributed on an annular surface may be provided at another spinning location, where the endless molded articles are immersed into the precipitating bath 17 after they have passed through the air gap 12 .
  • the endless molded articles are guided into an annular gap between a spinning funnel and a displacer.
  • a screen is arranged at the exit of the spinning funnel.
  • the deviation device 18 is arranged outside the precipitating bath.
  • the spinning process illustrated in FIG. 1 particularly affects the room air conditions in the spinning areas 20 shown in dotted lines in FIG. 1 .
  • the room air, or atmospheric, conditions in this area are essentially characterized by the temperature radiation of the heated extrusion head 6 and the still hot endless molded articles 11 , as well as by the constituents dissolved from the endless molded articles 11 and the precipitating bath 17 by the gaseous substance stream 16 , and by the vapors of the hot spinning mass and the precipitating bath.
  • the spinning area 20 comprises the area in which the spinning means 6 , 12 , 15 , 16 , 18 and 19 are arranged and the air-climatic conditions are substantially influenced by the spinning process.
  • the spinning means comprise the components of the spinning plant participating in the extrusion of the spinning mass up to the coagulation of the endless molded articles.
  • FIG. 2 the spinning plant 14 with its spinning area 20 is illustrated schematically.
  • FIG. 2 moreover schematically shows operating staff 21 staying in a staying area 22 for inspection and maintenance works on the spinning plant 21 .
  • the staying area extending along the spinning plant 14 with a distance of up to 1.5-3 m comprises an inspection area 23 , in which the operating staff makes check patrols and can inspect and supervise the spinning process performed by the spinning plant 21 .
  • spinning means are freely visibly arranged in the spinning area 20 such that they can at once be inspected by an operator making his check patrol.
  • the operating staff immediately notices irregularities in the spinning area.
  • the air gap 12 is positioned in the central vision area of an operator 21 walking or standing upright in the inspection area 23 .
  • the staying area 22 and spinning area 20 are small in comparison with the room, and may cover less than half the volume of the room
  • the room-climatic balancing volume thereby includes the staying area and the spinning area.
  • the person goes into a maintenance area 24 slightly elevated over the inspection area, which likewise forms part of the staying area 22 .
  • the operating staff 21 can possibly access the entirety of spinning means without having to bend down.
  • the entirety of spinning means is thereby located within the reach of the person standing in the maintenance area 21 , so that the same can carry out all works in the spinning area 20 out of one posture.
  • the room air conditions in the staying area 22 and the spinning area 20 are adjusted to a desired or target value in view of at least one desired or target quantity by a device 25 for controlling the room air conditions.
  • the device 25 comprises exhaust air devices 26 through which exhaust air 27 is sucked out of the environment of the spinning plant 21 .
  • an exhaust air device 26 is also disposed in the proximity of the ceiling so as to suck off therefrom hot air accumulating in the upper portion of the room. Said exhaust air devices primarily suck off room air only slightly charged with process air.
  • Additional exhaust air devices take care that as little process air as possible escapes from the spinning area into the maintenance area and/or from the maintenance area into the remainder of the room.
  • exhaust air devices may be provided in or in the proximity of the inspection area 23 , which suck the air 29 out of the maintenance area 23 .
  • an exhaust air device is provided, which is arranged in the spinning area 20 or directly adjacent thereto such that it sucks off the air 30 preferably only from the spinning area.
  • the exhaust air device 26 for the process air is integrated in the portion above the precipitating bath 17 of the spinning plant 14 .
  • the exhaust air device is provided with a fluid mechanical device, not shown, by means of which the direction from which the air is sucked in out of the spinning area can be adjusted.
  • An additional exhaust air device may be disposed above the maintenance area, as is illustrated by the dotted line.
  • the air sucked off by this exhaust air device is primarily the process air with the gaseous substance stream 16 , and is enriched with constituents from the spinning process. Due to the heating of the extrusion head and the temperature of the endless molded articles said air, moreover, has a high temperature.
  • Another exhaust air system may be arranged at the bursting devices, so as to immediately suck of the gases formed in an exothermal reaction and when the burst devices burst.
  • the room air conditioning device 25 moreover comprises an additional air device 31 , through which additional air 32 can be fed to the room.
  • the additional air 32 is directed by the additional air device 31 such that only a few degradation products from the spinning process are contained in the staying area 22 .
  • the additional air may be fresh ambient air or circulated and purified air, or circulated and purified exhaust air is admixed to the ambient air.
  • the additional air device 31 interacts, especially in the spinning area 20 , with at least one exhaust air device 26 such that the current 33 of additional air is conducted in predetermined directions.
  • the additional air device 31 blows in additional air 32 from above between the person 21 and the frontage of the spinning plant 14 , and the exhaust air device 26 simultaneously sucks process air out of the spinning area 20 along the frontage of the spinning plant 14 , shielded by the additional air 32 .
  • an optional exhaust air device 34 in the bottom area of the spinning plant 14 can suck off additional air out of the spinning area 20 .
  • an air curtain is thereby formed between the operator in the maintenance area and the spinning area, especially in the air gap.
  • the additional air 32 may also be supplied as well or source ventilation (not shown) from below, e.g. from the bottom area or toe space of the spinning plant, or from the side.
  • the room air conditioning device 25 finally comprises at least one sensor 35 , by means of which at least one quantity of state representative of the room air conditions can be detected and forwarded to a controller 36 of the device 25 .
  • the quantities of state detected by the at least one sensor may differ in dependence on the position of the sensor.
  • a sensor 35 is provided in the inspection area 23
  • another sensor 35 is provided in the maintenance area 24
  • a third sensor 35 is provided adjacent to the air gap 12 or in the air gap 12 itself.
  • the sensor in the proximity of the air gap 12 can, for instance, detect the contents of tertiary amine oxide or of other degradation products in the room air.
  • the sensor 35 in the maintenance area can detect the humidity, and the sensor 35 in the inspection area 23 can detect the temperature.
  • the controller 36 compares the actual values of the quantities of state representative of the room air conditions detected by the sensors 35 with desired values stored in a memory (not shown). Said desired values can be modified and monitored by an input/output unit 37 , e.g. a computer.
  • the input/output unit 37 can also detect the current operating state of the device 25 and display the same for the operating staff 21 .
  • the controller 36 controls pumps 38 such that the flow rates 39 of additional or exhaust air are changed in combination with each other or individually such that the deviations from the desired values are reduced.
  • the distribution of the volume flow rates of the exhaust air sucked off through the individual exhaust air devices can be modified via areas 22 , 23 , 24 by non-illustrated flap systems.
  • the blow-out direction of the additional air 32 can be modified at some locations.
  • controller 36 controls additional devices 39 , such as heating devices and humidifiers or dehumidifiers, by means of which certain quantities of state of the additional air, such as humidity and temperature, can be changed and the deviations of the room air conditions from the desired value can be minimized in view of these quantities of state.
  • additional devices 39 such as heating devices and humidifiers or dehumidifiers, by means of which certain quantities of state of the additional air, such as humidity and temperature, can be changed and the deviations of the room air conditions from the desired value can be minimized in view of these quantities of state.
  • FIG. 3 shows a room 40 comprising the spinning plant 14 and the room air conditioning device 25 in a perspective, easy to survey illustration.
  • Room 40 is, for instance, a hall or a similar room in a fabrication plant for endless molded articles.
  • spinning stations 41 can be arranged parallel to each other in the spinning plant 14 , whereby at least one curtain of endless molded articles 11 is produced in each spinning station 41 .
  • Each spinning station 41 comprises an air-quenching device 15 associated therewith and a precipitating bath 17 .
  • room 40 also several rows of spinning positions 41 may be arranged successively.
  • Each spinning position 41 may be associated with its own spinning area 20 , which is equipped with sensors separated from the adjacent spinning areas and controlled to certain room air conditions.
  • the volume flow rate of the gaseous substance stream generated by the air-quenching device 15 is, in each spinning station 41 , between 10 and 500 m 3 /h, depending on the dimensions of the individual spinning stations. In each spinning station heat between 0.5 and 4 KW has to be withdrawn from the spinning process.
  • the surface of each spinning station is approximately 2 to 3 m 2 .
  • the spinning area 20 associated with each spinning station has a volume between 10 and 20 m 3 .
  • the air-quenching devices 15 of spinning positions 41 are supplied with a gaseous substance stream 43 from a common collective pipe 42 .
  • each spinning station or, respectively, each spinning area of a spinning station is associated with an exhaust air device 26 , by means of which the air 30 , which primarily contains process air, is sucked out of the spinning area, and the air 29 , which primarily contains larger portions of room air and only smaller portions of process air, is sucked out of the maintenance area and is forwarded to a collective pipe 44 .
  • the hot air from the ceiling area of room 40 is sucked off in the collective pipe 44 by means of exhaust air devices 26 provided close to the ceiling.
  • the distribution of the volume flow rates between the exhaustion close to the ceiling and the exhaustion from the spinning area 20 or, respectively, the maintenance area 22 is effected by hydraulic fixtures 45 , such as flaps or throttles.
  • the additional air 31 is supplied in the maintenance area 24 above the head level of the operating staff.
  • the additional air can also be supplied from the bottom or the side.
  • the gaseous substance stream and the additional air come from different sources.
  • the additional air supplied may, for example, be fresh air, the gaseous substance may be purified exhaust air.
  • the exhaust air 45 conducted out of room 40 comprises, especially if it comes from the spinning area 20 , a high concentration of constituents deriving from the spinning process. Said constituents are removed from the exhaust air by a purification stage as is, for example, shown in FIG. 4 .
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic illustration of such a purification stage.
  • the exhaust air 45 is thereby exemplarily fed to the purification process from two separate rooms 40 .
  • the exhaust air 45 is at first fed to a washing system 46 .
  • the washing system 46 comprises a quencher 47 as well as at least one demister 48 .
  • the demister 48 is supplied with washing media 50 via the dosing pumps 49 .
  • washing media may be water, HCl, H 2 SO 4 or a solution containing NaOH.
  • fresh water is supplied to the demister via a conduit 51 .
  • Part of the washing media can circulate inside the demister via conduits 52 and can be reused.
  • Another part of the liquid accumulated in the demister 48 is fed to a waste line 53 . The discharged portion is supplemented with the fresh water.
  • the washed exhaust air is sucked out of the upper part of the demister of the washing system 46 via a fan 54 .
  • the exhaust air is finally supplied to a chimney 57 , where it flows into the ambient air in the form of pure gas.
  • the precipitate from the chimney is likewise supplied to the waste line.
  • the purified exhaust air can also be admixed to the additional air fed to room 40 .
  • the exhaust air can be supplied to an aerosol separator 55 provided upstream of the washing system, allowing the recovery of the useful materials such as N-methyl-morpholine-N-oxide (NMMNO), N-methyl-morpholine (NMM) and morpholine (M) contained in the exhaust air, as well as of other reaction products, prior to a possible acidic or alkaline washing.
  • An electrostatic filter may thereby be provided, in which the exhaust air passes an electrically charged filter system. Upstream and/or downstream of the electrostatic filter the exhaust air may be washed.
  • the aerosol separator is likewise supplied with fresh water via a conduit 56 .
  • the waste water from the aerosol separator 55 is likewise fed to the waste line 53 .
  • the exhaust air washing plant may, as is illustrated, be provided with additional washing devices in multiple stages, or only with parts of the illustrated washing device.
  • a ventilator can be positioned upstream, inside or downstream of the washing plant.
  • the purification stage may also comprise a microbial purification, during which a microbial degradation of constituents in the exhaust air out of the spinning process takes place by means of biofiltration.
  • the air conditions in the spinning area or, respectively, in the room in which the spinning process takes place were influenced by varying the process conditions, and the effects on the spinning process and the operability of the spinning plant were analyzed.
  • NMMNO spinning mass consisting of 13% pulp of the MoDo type having a medium DP of 680.76% and 11% water was fed to the spinning machine at different spinning solution temperatures.
  • the spinning solution was extruded into an air gap in the form of a filament and precipitated in an NMMNO-containing precipitating bath.
  • the endless molded articles exiting the spinning nozzle in the form of a filament were subjected to an air stream by means of different air-quenching devices.
  • the height of the air gap in the direction in which the endless molded articles are passed through was between 15 and 25 mm.
  • the volume and the temperature of the process air, the process exhaust air and the room air was varied and measured.
  • the air volume currents were determined by means of a propeller-type volume flow rate meter of the company Testoterm. For determining the air temperatures a resistance thermometer was employed.
  • the temperature of the additional room air was uniformly approximately 25° C.
  • the exhausting devices used in examples 2 to 8 were adjusted by varying the exhaustion geometry such that the secondary air factor, which is the dimensionless relation of process exhaust air volume to additional process air volume, i.e. the gas stream volume from the air-quenching device, corresponded to the values mentioned in the examples.
  • a secondary air factor of 0 thereby designates an open system where no process air exhaustion takes place.
  • a secondary air factor of 1 designates a closed, shielded system, in which exactly the air from the air-quenching device is sucked off, and a secondary air factor >1 designates a partially open system, in which the process exhaustion additionally exhausts room air at the exhaust edges.
  • the air-quenching device had an air gap width of 8 mm, by which a laminar quench air current with a moderate quench air velocity, but large volume flow rate (28 m 3 air per kg product) was generated.
  • the spinning process was carried out without an own exhaust air device for process air.
  • a temperature of nearly 40° C. was adopted at the head level of an operator positioned in the maintenance area.
  • a relatively strong odor burden and white smoke could be observed.
  • the room exhaust air volume was adjusted to approximately 48 m 3 /kg by means of an exhaust air ventilator controlled by a frequency converter, which corresponds to a ventilation number (change of the air volume in the room per hour) of approximately 7.
  • the air was withdrawn at a temperature of approximately 30° C.
  • the spinning behavior was good. Due to the absence of an exhausting device in the spinning area also a good operability from the maintenance area and a good visibility from the inspection area were provided.
  • an exhausting device extending over the entire air gap height and nozzle width was arranged in the spinning nozzle area as illustrated in FIG. 2 . Apart therefrom, the conditions remained unchanged. Said exhausting device effected a nearly complete shielding of the spinning area against the operating area.
  • the secondary air factor of the exhausting device was in this case 1, as the additional process air volume and the process exhaust air volume were adjusted to the same value.
  • the spinning behavior in this example was worse than in example 1.
  • the air passage seems to be negatively influenced by the effect exerted by the exhaustion on the quench air stream.
  • Example 3 was conducted analogously to example 2. However, instead of a laminar quench air stream with a moderate quench air velocity, a turbulent quench air stream with a high velocity was passed through the yarn sheet.
  • Said air-quenching device consisted of single-row multi-channel nozzles of the Lechler Whisperblast type. The air volumes (additional process air and process exhaust air) of approximately 10.7 m 3 /kg were essentially smaller than in the preceding examples.
  • an exhausting device was used in these examples, allowing, due to its geometric design, the exhaustion also of room air in addition to the process air, and additionally also the possibility to see the filaments.
  • the geometric arrangement of the exhausting device was varied in these three examples such that the secondary air factor, the relation between additional process air volume and process exhaust air volume, ranged between 1.7 and 2.
  • different spinning solution temperatures were tested, and process air volumes of 28 to 45 m 3 /kg were applied (depending on the spinning temperature).
  • the temperature in the direct spinning area was adopted at a value of approximately 30° C. There was no odor burden and no white smoke plumes. The operability, without an influence on the spinning process or on the ability to see the filaments during the operation, was provided due to the described geometric arrangement. The spinning behavior turned out to be good.
  • the air-quenching device of example 3 (turbulent quench air stream with high velocity by using single-row multiple channel nozzles of the Lechler Whisperblast type) was employed.
  • the additional process air volume ranged between 8.5 and 10.5 m 3 /kg, i.e. it was substantially smaller than in the preceding examples.
  • the exhausting device was constructed analogously to examples 4 to 6.
  • the secondary air factor of the exhausting device ranged between 2 and 2.5.
  • the temperature in the direct spinning area was adopted at a value of approximately 30° C. There was no odor burden and no white smoke plumes. The operability, without an influence on the spinning process or on the ability to see the filaments during the operation, was provided due to the described geometric arrangement.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
US10/508,394 2002-03-22 2003-03-10 Method and device for regulating the atmospheric conditions during a spinning process Abandoned US20060144062A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE10213007.8 2002-03-22
DE10213007A DE10213007A1 (de) 2002-03-22 2002-03-22 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Regelung des Raumklimas bei einem Spinnprozess
PCT/EP2003/002426 WO2003080906A1 (fr) 2002-03-22 2003-03-10 Procede et dispositif pour reguler les conditions atmospheriques qui regnent dans une piece au cours d'un processus de filage

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EP (1) EP1488027B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR100618596B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1325708C (fr)
AT (1) ATE344337T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003214109A1 (fr)
BR (1) BR0308751B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2479289C (fr)
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US20070210481A1 (en) * 2004-05-13 2007-09-13 Zimmer Aktiengesellschaft Lyocell Method and Device Involving the Control of the Metal Ion Content
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US20080048358A1 (en) * 2004-05-13 2008-02-28 Zimmer Aktiengesellschaft Lyocell Method Comprising an Adjustment of the Processing Duration Based on the Degree of Polymerization
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US9401509B2 (en) 2010-09-24 2016-07-26 Zpower, Llc Cathode
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KR102345167B1 (ko) * 2021-07-14 2021-12-30 유한회사 충무타올 타올 염색 방법

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EP1488027A1 (fr) 2004-12-22
DE10213007A1 (de) 2003-10-09
CN1646738A (zh) 2005-07-27
CA2479289C (fr) 2008-05-20
DE50305571D1 (de) 2006-12-14
KR100618596B1 (ko) 2006-09-08
BR0308751B1 (pt) 2015-01-13
ZA200407603B (en) 2005-09-28
EP1488027B1 (fr) 2006-11-02
ATE344337T1 (de) 2006-11-15
TW591136B (en) 2004-06-11
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AU2003214109A1 (en) 2003-10-08

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