Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D233/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
  • C07D233/54—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
  • C07D233/66—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D233/72—Two oxygen atoms, e.g. hydantoin
  • C07D233/76—Two oxygen atoms, e.g. hydantoin with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to the third ring carbon atom
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
  • A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D233/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
  • C07D233/54—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
  • C07D233/66—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
  • C07D233/72—Two oxygen atoms, e.g. hydantoin
  • C07D233/76—Two oxygen atoms, e.g. hydantoin with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to the third ring carbon atom
  • C07D233/78—Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D409/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
  • C07D409/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D409/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
  • C07D409/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the use of novel anti-bacterial N-formyl-N-hydroxylamine compounds, and pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds as peptide deformylase inhibitors.
• Bacterial initiator methionyl tRNA is modified by methionyl tRNA formyltransferase (FMT) to produce formyl-methionyl tRNA.
• FMT methionyl tRNA formyltransferase
• f-Met formyl methionine
• PDF or Def Polypeptide deformylase
• PDF and MAP are both essential for bacterial growth, and PDF is required for MAP activity. This series of reactions is referred to as the methionine cycle (FIG. 1) FIG. 1.
• polypeptide deformylase homologous genes have been found in bacteria, in chloroplast-containing plants, in mice and in humans.
• the plant proteins are nuclear encoded but appear to carry a chloroplast localization signal. This is consistent with the observation that chloroplast RNA and protein synthesis processes are highly similar to those of eubacteria . While there is limited information on protein expression of mammalian PDF gene homologs (Bayer Aktiengesellschaft, Pat. WO2001/42431), no functional role for such proteins has been demonstrated to date (Meinnel T. 2000, Parasitology Today, 16(4), 165-168).
• Polypeptide deformylase is found in all eubacteria for which high coverage genomic sequence information is available. Sequence diversity among PDF homologs is high, with as little as 20% identity between distantly related sequences. However, conservation around the active site is very high, with several completely conserved residues, including one cysteine and two histidines which are required to coordinate the active site metal (Meinnel, T. et al, 1997, Journal of Molecular Biology, 267, 749-761).
• PDF is recognized to be an attractive anti-bacterial target, as this enzyme has been demonstrated to be essential for bacterial growth in vitro (Mazel, D. et al, EMBO J. 13 (4), 914-923, 1994), is not believed to be involved in eukaryotic protein synthesis (Rajagopalan et al, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 119, 12418-12419, 1997), and is universally conserved in prokaryotes (Kozak, M. Microbiol. Rev. 47, 1-45, 1983). Therefore PDF inhibitors can potentially serve as broad spectrum anti-bacterial agents.
• the present invention involves novel antibacterial compounds represented by Formula (D hereinbelow and their use as PDF inhibitors.
• alkyl refers to an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group joined together by carbon-carbon bonds.
• the alkyl hydrocarbon group may be linear, branched or cyclic.
• aryl refers to an optionally substituted aromatic group with at least one ring having a conjugated pi-electron system, containing up to two conjugated or fused ring systems.
• Aryl includes carbocyclic aryl, heterocyclic aryl and biaryl groups, all of which may be optionally substituted.
• heterocyclic refers to a three to seven-membered ring containing one or more heteroatomic moieties selected from S, SO, SO 2 , O, or N. Such a ring can be saturated or have one or more degrees of unsaturation.
• heterocyclic moieties include, but are not limited to, morpholinyl, piperidinyl, and piperazinyl.
• Preferred compounds useful in the present invention are selected from the group consisting of:
• compositions of the present invention may contain one or more asymmetric carbon atoms and may exist in racemic and optically active forms. All of these compounds and diastereomers are contemplated to be within the scope of the present invention.
• the oxazolidine derivative 1-Scheme-1 can be prepared from L-serine methyl ester as described in the literature [D. Seebach, J. D. Aebi, M. Gander-Coquoz and R. Naef, Helv. Chim. Acta., 70, 1194 (1987)].
• a suitable base such as sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide
• R1X reactive halide
• a mixed solvent of tetrahydrofuran/hexamethylphosphoramide (10:1) affords ester 2-Scheme-1, which can be hydrolyzed under acidic conditions to give•-substituted serine 3-Scheme-1.
• the N-substituted hydantoin derivative 5-Scheme-1 can be prepared by direct treatment of 3-Scheme-1 with an isocyanate R2NCO, or alternatively, treatment of 3-Scheme-1 with potassium cyanate provides hydantoin 4-Scheme-1 which can then be alkylated with a halide R2X.
• Alcohol 5-Scheme-1 can be oxidized with a suitable reagent such as Dess-Martin periodinane to give the aldehyde which can be treated with O-benzyl hydroxylamine to provide oxime 6-Scheme-1.
• N-formyl-N-hydroxylamine 8-Scheme-1 is obtained by hydrogenolysis of 7-Scheme-1 in an alcoholic solvent in the presence of a catalyst such as palladium on activated carbon.
• compounds of Formula (I) can be prepared from alcohol 5-Scheme-1 as shown in Scheme 2.
• Mitsunobu reaction of 5-Scheme-2 affords compound 9-Scheme-2.
• Removal of the protecting groups under acidic conditions provides hydroxylamine derivative 10-Scheme-2.
• Treatment of 10-Scheme-2 with the mixed anhydride formed from formic acid and acetic anhydride results in N,O-formylated compound 11-Scheme-2, and removal of the O-formyl group by basic hydrolysis gives N-formyl-N-hydroxylamine 12-Scheme-2.
• Example 1e The compound of Example 1e (0.06 g, 0.15 mmol) was dissolved in methanol (5 mL) and stirred under a balloon hydrogen pressure in the presence of palladium on activated carbon (0.02 g) for 4 h. The reaction mixture was filtered and concentrated, and the residue was purified by Gilson automated HPLC to provide the title compound as a white solid (0.04 g, 84%). MS(ES) m/e 320 [M+H] + .
• Example 3a The compound of Example 3a (0.15 g, 0.49 mmol) and tert-butyl N-(tert-butoxycarboxycarbonyloxy)carbamate (0.18 g, 0.74 mmol) were dissolved in THF (3 mL) under N 2 at 0° C. To this solution was added a premixed solution of tributyl phosphine (0.19 mL, 0.74 mmol) and di-t-butyl azodicarboxylate (0.176 g, 0.74 mmol) in THF (2 mL) under N 2 at 0° C. The reaction mixture was kept at 0° C. for 1 h, warmed up to rt and stirred overnight.
• Example 3b The compound of Example 3b (0.11 g, 0.21 mmol) was dissolved in 15% TFA/1,2-dichloroethane (5 mL). After stirring at rt for 1 h, the reaction mixture was concentrated under vacuum. The residue was dissolved in dichloromethane (5 mL) and treated with triethylamine (0.3 mL), followed by freshly prepared mixed anhydride (0.031 mL formic acid and 0.069 mL acetic anhydride, 50° C., 1 h). After stirring at rt for 1 h, the organic solvent was removed under vacuum, and methanol (10 mL) was added, followed by saturated aq. Na 2 CO 3 (3 mL) with vigorous stirring.
• the present compounds are useful for the treatment of bacterial infections.
• a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof it is normally formulated in accordance with standard pharmaceutical practice as a pharmaceutical composition.
• Compounds of Formula (I) and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts may be administered in a standard manner for antibiotics, for example orally, parenterally, sub-lingually, dermally, transdermally, rectally, via inhalation or via buccal administration.
• compositions of Formula (I) and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts which are active when given orally can be formulated as syrups, tablets, capsules, creams and lozenges.
• a syrup formulation will generally consist of a suspension or solution of the compound or salt in a liquid carrier for example, ethanol, peanut oil, olive oil, glycerine or water with a flavoring or coloring agent.
• a liquid carrier for example, ethanol, peanut oil, olive oil, glycerine or water with a flavoring or coloring agent.
• any pharmaceutical carrier routinely used for preparing solid formulations may be used. Examples of such carriers include magnesium stearate, terra alba, talc, gelatin, acacia, stearic acid, starch, lactose and sucrose.
• composition is in the form of a capsule
• any routine encapsulation is suitable, for example using the aforementioned carriers in a hard gelatin capsule shell.
• composition is in the form of a soft gelatin shell capsule
• any pharmaceutical carrier routinely used for preparing dispersions or suspensions may be considered, for example aqueous gums, celluloses, silicates or oils, and are incorporated in a soft gelatin capsule shell.
• Typical parenteral compositions consist of a solution or suspension of a compound or salt in a sterile aqueous or non-aqueous carrier optionally containing a parenterally acceptable oil, for example polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, lecithin, arachis oil or sesame oil.
• a parenterally acceptable oil for example polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, lecithin, arachis oil or sesame oil.
• compositions for inhalation are in the form of a solution, suspension or emulsion that may be administered as a dry powder or in the form of an aerosol using a conventional propellant such as dichlorodifluoromethane or trichlorofluoromethane.
• a typical suppository formulation comprises a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof which is active when administered in this way, with a binding and/or lubricating agent, for example polymeric glycols, gelatins, cocoa-butter or other low melting vegetable waxes or fats or their synthetic analogs.
• a binding and/or lubricating agent for example polymeric glycols, gelatins, cocoa-butter or other low melting vegetable waxes or fats or their synthetic analogs.
• Typical dermal and transdermal formulations comprise a conventional aqueous or non-aqueous vehicle, for example a cream, ointment, lotion or paste or are in the form of a medicated plaster, patch or membrane.
• the composition is in unit dosage form, for example a tablet, capsule or metered aerosol dose, so that the patient may administer a single dose.
• Each dosage unit for oral administration contains suitably from 0.1 mg to 500 mg/Kg, and preferably from 1 mg to 100 mg/Kg, and each dosage unit for parenteral administration contains suitably from 0.1 mg to 100 mg/Kg of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof calculated as the free acid.
• Each dosage unit for intranasal administration contains suitably 1-400 mg and preferably 10 to 200 mg per person.
• a topical formulation contains suitably 0.01 to 5.0% of a compound of Formula (I).
• the daily dosage regimen for oral administration is suitably about 0.01 mg/Kg to 40 mg/Kg of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof calculated as the free acid.
• the daily dosage regimen for parenteral administration is suitably about 0.001 mg/Kg to 40 mg/Kg of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof calculated as the free acid.
• the daily dosage regimen for intranasal administration and oral inhalation is suitably about 10 to about 500 mg/person.
• the active ingredient may be administered from 1 to 6 times a day, sufficient to exhibit the desired activity.
• S. aureus or E. coli PDF activity is measured at 25° C., using a continuous enzyme-linked assay developed by Lazennec & Meinnel, (1997) “Formate dehydrogenase-coupled spectrophotometric assay of peptide deformylase” Anal. Biochem. 244, pp. 180-182, with minor modifications.
• the reaction mixture is contained in 50 uL with 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH7.6), 15 mM NAD, 0.25 U formate dehydrogenase.
• the substrate peptide, f-Met-Ala-Ser is included at the K M concentration.
• the reaction is triggered with the addition of 10 nM Def1 enzyme, and absorbance is monitored for 20 min at 340 nm.
• This panel consisted of the following laboratory strains: Staphylococcus aureus Oxford, Staphylococcus aureus WCUH29, Enterococcus faecalis I, Enterococcus faecalis 7, Haemophilus influenzae Q1, Haemophilus influenzae NEMC1, Moraxella catarrhalis 1502, Streptococcus pneumoniae 1629, Streptococcus pneumoniae N1387, Streptococcus pneumoniae N1387, E. coli 7623 (AcrABEFD+) and E. coli 120 (AcrAB ⁇ ).
• the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined as the lowest concentration of compound that inhibited visible growth. A mirror reader was used to assist in determining the MIC endpoint.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
• Oncology (AREA)
• Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
• Communicable Diseases (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
• Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
• Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
• Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
• Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
• Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)

Priority Applications (2)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Related Child Applications (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=28041913

Family Applications (2)

Family Applications After (1)

Country Status (20)

Cited By (2)

Families Citing this family (2)

Citations (3)

Family Cites Families (2)

• 2003
  • 2003-03-11 TW TW092105141A patent/TWI294778B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2003-03-12 PL PL03371016A patent/PL371016A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2003-03-12 RU RU2004130454/04A patent/RU2287525C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2003-03-12 ES ES03744644T patent/ES2366396T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2003-03-12 NZ NZ534839A patent/NZ534839A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2003-03-12 JP JP2003575966A patent/JP4471663B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2003-03-12 CN CNB038106507A patent/CN100336809C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2003-03-12 CA CA002478331A patent/CA2478331A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-03-12 EP EP03744644A patent/EP1482930B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2003-03-12 US US10/507,510 patent/US20050124677A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-03-12 AU AU2003216554A patent/AU2003216554A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-03-12 AT AT03744644T patent/ATE514683T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2003-03-13 IL IL16389903A patent/IL163899A0/xx unknown
  • 2003-03-13 MX MXPA04008799A patent/MXPA04008799A/es active IP Right Grant
  • 2003-03-13 WO PCT/US2003/007509 patent/WO2003077913A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2003-03-13 KR KR1020047014184A patent/KR100980145B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2003-03-13 BR BR0308321-7A patent/BR0308321A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2004
  • 2004-09-01 ZA ZA200406973A patent/ZA200406973B/en unknown
  • 2004-09-08 IS IS7441A patent/IS7441A/is unknown
  • 2004-09-30 NO NO20044186A patent/NO328933B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2007
  • 2007-02-16 US US11/675,788 patent/US7745637B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

Patent Citations (3)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events