US20050115178A1 - Corner key for connecting profiles together and frame work assembly - Google Patents

Corner key for connecting profiles together and frame work assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
US20050115178A1
US20050115178A1 US10/501,460 US50146004A US2005115178A1 US 20050115178 A1 US20050115178 A1 US 20050115178A1 US 50146004 A US50146004 A US 50146004A US 2005115178 A1 US2005115178 A1 US 2005115178A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
corner
faces
profiles
key
corner key
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Abandoned
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US10/501,460
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English (en)
Inventor
Helmut Schmidt
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FENEGLOBE SYSTEMS Ltd
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FENEGLOBE SYSTEMS Ltd
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Assigned to FENEGLOBE SYSTEMS LIMITED reassignment FENEGLOBE SYSTEMS LIMITED ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SCHMIDT, HELMUT
Publication of US20050115178A1 publication Critical patent/US20050115178A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/96—Corner joints or edge joints for windows, doors, or the like frames or wings
    • E06B3/964—Corner joints or edge joints for windows, doors, or the like frames or wings using separate connection pieces, e.g. T-connection pieces
    • E06B3/9641—Corner joints or edge joints for windows, doors, or the like frames or wings using separate connection pieces, e.g. T-connection pieces part of which remains visible
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/96—Corner joints or edge joints for windows, doors, or the like frames or wings
    • E06B3/9616—Corner joints or edge joints for windows, doors, or the like frames or wings characterised by the sealing at the junction of the frame members
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/96—Corner joints or edge joints for windows, doors, or the like frames or wings
    • E06B3/9636—Corner joints or edge joints for windows, doors, or the like frames or wings for frame members having longitudinal screw receiving channels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a corner key for connecting profiles together and also to a frame work assembly that includes such corner keys and profiles.
  • Corner keys and lineal profiles are well known in the art, particularly in the context of windows and doors.
  • a lineal profile in this context designates either a sash profile or a frame profile.
  • a corner key is used to connect the sash or frame profiles together.
  • a sash element in the context of windows forms the mobile and working portion of a window.
  • the sash element forms a perimeter called a sash frame that holds the necessary working hardware to allow the sash to slide, pivot, tilt, lock, etc.
  • the sash element also includes the assembly of glazing and the edge-surrounding sash profiles. Sash profiles include top and bottom horizontal rails, and vertical stiles. A sash in the context of doors is most commonly referred to as a panel.
  • insulating window units that utilize a sash element formed of polyvinyl chloride polymers (PVC) are known to provide superior insulating properties.
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride polymers
  • a frame in the context of both windows and doors designates the fixed structural assembly portion of a window or a door.
  • the frame in this context is used for example as a means of anchoring a window to a building.
  • the frames contain mobile sashes and hold fixed glazing.
  • frame elements are typically made of PVC, but other materials, such as wood or aluminum, may be used as well.
  • Window frames and doorframes are commonly made of four mainframe profiles.
  • the top frame profile is usually identified as the header, the bottom one as the sill and the remaining two as the side jambs.
  • PVC window fabrication primarily involves the use of mitre-jointed corners. Accordingly, sash or frame profiles have their ends cut at an angle in order to form such mitre joints. Producing mitre joints requires great consistency in maintaining the shape of the profiles and a high degree of precision in cutting at the correct angle. Thus, very precise cutting equipment must be used to this effect. Once cut, the mating ends of the profiles are joined together and a corner key can be used to align and reinforce the mitre joint.
  • mitre joints require relatively expensive cutting equipment to make them. Such equipment also requires a larger working area and also more highly skilled labour.
  • one end of the corner key is inserted inside a profile.
  • a screw is then driven in an outer face of the profile and through the corner key to prevent them from disengaging from each other.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,105,581 discloses a corner key that is only temporarily connected to a header by means of screws inserted longitudinally in a screw boss of the header. No screw is longitudinally or axially inserted along the jambs. These screws temporarily hold the header to the corner key before an ultra-sound welding operation permanently secures the frame profiles to the corner key.
  • This technique is disadvantageous in that the frame profiles are to be secured to the corner key in two steps, thus increasing manufacturing time. Furthermore, there is no compression at all the interfaces of the profiles and the corner key that ensures a tight contact between them.
  • Korean utility model 1996-0068593U discloses a corner key that is exclusively connected to profiles by means of axial screws.
  • the corner key has openings that allow the insertion from the outside of reinforcement metals through the corner key and the profiles, after these are connected together, so as to prevent the phenomenon of bending of plastic frames.
  • a corner key for connecting two or more profiles together, each profile having an end face, a longitudinal drainage and venting passage and a longitudinal securing bore, the corner key comprising:
  • a frame work assembly comprising:
  • the tabs project respectively from the first and second inner corner faces of the corner key for fit engagement into the accommodating anchoring channels in the end faces of the profiles, and the bores of the corner key are located adjacent to the tabs of the corner key.
  • the outer side corner face has a water evacuation and pressure equalization vent in communication with the drainage and venting passage of the corner key and the drainage and venting passage of each profile.
  • the corner key and profiles are made of polyvinyl chloride polymers (PVC).
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride polymers
  • first and second inner corner faces respectively comprise first and second recesses located adjacent to the tabs, and the recesses are provided with a sealing element sealing the corner key with the profiles when the profiles are coupled to the corner key.
  • the inner and outer side corner faces comprise extension fins for masking joints between the side corner faces and the profiles when the profiles are coupled to the corner key.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective exploded view of a corner key and profiles according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2A is a cross sectional partial view at line II-II of FIG. 1 showing a screw, corner key and profile before assembly, and wherein the corner key is provided with a recess without its sealing bead, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIGS. 2B is a cross sectional partial view of the screw, corner key and profile of FIG. 2A after assembly, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3A is a cross sectional partial view at line II-II of FIG. 1 showing a screw, corner key and profile before assembly, and wherein the corner key is provided with a sealing bead in a recess, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3B is a cross sectional partial view of the screw, corner key and profile of FIG. 3A after assembly, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a corner key with an arrow showing water evacuation, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a corner key with arrows showing air pressure equalization, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a corner key 10 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Also shown are portions of two profiles, one corresponding to a sill 12 and the other to a jamb 14 that are to be connected together by means of the corner key 10 to form part of a window frame assembly.
  • window frame profiles 12 , 14 are illustrated, the teachings according to the present invention are also applicable to any number of profiles or to any other general purpose profiles that are to be jointed with a corner key.
  • present teachings apply not only to window frames, but also to door frames, and to other similar structural assemblies as well.
  • corner key 10 that is illustrated is preferably used as a right side lower corner key, but those skilled in the art will also understand that this corner key 10 can be modified so that it can also be used in another position of the frame, as will be described below.
  • the profiles 12 , 14 that are to be used with the corner key 10 can be made from various materials and by means of different techniques.
  • the profiles 12 , 14 can be made of extruded aluminum, steel, brass or other metals.
  • the profiles 12 , 14 can be formed by means of pultruded plastics, thermoplastics, such as PVC, or thermoset plastics. It is to be understood, however, that other suitable materials and techniques may be used to make these profiles as is well known in the art.
  • each profile 12 , 14 that is to be connected to the corner key 10 preferably has three types of apertures that are apparent on the end faces 13 , 15 of each profile 12 , 14 .
  • These apertures include a longitudinal anchoring channel 16 , 18 , a longitudinal drainage and venting passage 20 , 22 and one or more longitudinal securing bores 24 , 26 . It is advantageous to form these apertures during the fabrication of these profiles 12 , 14 so as to diminish the costs of production. In the case of, for example, a lineal extrusion process, these apertures are easily created when forming each profile 12 , 14 . One could also create these apertures later on, but this would increase manufacturing processing times and ensuing costs.
  • the longitudinal anchoring channels 16 , 18 do not need to extend all the way across each profile 12 , 14 , but rather can take the shape of a recess with a predetermined depth as will be described below. Furthermore, the anchoring channels 16 , 18 could also be replaced with tabs as will be described below.
  • the corner key 10 has a generally three-dimensional rectangular shape with two adjacent inner corner faces 28 , 30 , two adjacent outer corner faces 32 , 34 , and opposite inner and outer side corner faces 36 , 38 extending between the inner and outer corner faces 28 , 30 , 32 , 34 .
  • the corner key 10 may be made according to different techniques and from different materials. For example, it can be formed, cast or molded by using metals, thermoplastics or thermoset plastics.
  • the inner corner faces 28 , 30 are shaped for respective coupling with the profiles 12 , 14 , preferably with flat portions thereof matching those of the straight cut profiles 12 , 14 .
  • the corner key 10 may have shapes other than a generally rectangular one, depending on the particular application or preferred design.
  • the corner key could be polygonal, such as hexagonal, or have any suitable shape, such as curvilinear, as long as it can be properly connected to appropriately shaped profiles.
  • the corner key 10 of the present invention may be modified so as to be able to connect more than two profiles together as it will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
  • the corner key 10 has two tabs 40 , 42 that project respectively from the inner corner faces 28 , 30 . These tabs 40 , 42 are shaped for fit engagement into the anchoring channels 16 , 18 of the profiles 12 , 14 . It is preferable that the longitudinal anchoring channel 16 , 18 of each profile 12 , 14 and respective tabs 40 , 42 have matching shapes in order to facilitate fit engagement of the tabs 40 , 42 into the anchoring channels 16 , 18 . As illustrated, the tabs 40 , 42 and the anchoring channels 16 , 18 may have matching L or S shapes. It is also preferable that the tabs 40 , 42 be tapered so as to further facilitate their fitting into the anchoring channels 16 , 18 .
  • the tabs 40 , 42 are preferably continuous in shape and extend along the inner corner faces 28 , 30 starting from close to the edge of the inner side corner face 36 towards the outer side corner face 38 , as illustrated. Additional tabs (not shown) may also project from the inner corner faces 28 , 30 if more than two profiles are to be used with a single corner key. Of course, the tabs may have different designs than those illustrated herein, if desired. Preferably, the tabs 40 , 42 have a continuous shape extending lengthwise between the inner and outer side corner faces 36 , 38 .
  • the guide arrangement formed of the tabs 40 , 42 and channels 16 , 18 as described above can be modified according to design preferences.
  • profile tabs may project from the end faces 13 , 15 of the profiles 12 , 14 in replacement of the anchoring channels 16 , 18 , while the inner corner faces 28 , 30 may be provided with channels or recesses that receive these profile tabs.
  • the tabs may be removable, thus consisting in separate pieces from both the corner key 10 and profiles 12 , 14 . Indeed, in such a configuration both the end faces 13 , 15 of the profiles 12 , 14 and the inner corner faces 28 , 30 could then be provided with channels or recesses for receiving portions of these removable tabs.
  • tabs 40 , 42 are shown to be at a right angle from each other, this does not necessarily have to be the case for all designs. Indeed, the tabs 40 , 42 may also form acute or obtuse angles with each other.
  • the corner key 10 that is illustrated may be used in rectangular frame work assemblies, however a modification of the angles between the inner and outer corner faces 28 , 30 , 32 , 34 and/or tabs 40 , 42 can be made so as to obtain differently shaped frames works, such as triangular shapes or rhomboid shapes with acute and obtuse angles.
  • the corner key 10 illustrated has multiple bores 44 , 46 , each extending between a different one of the outer corner faces 32 , 34 and one of the inner corner faces 28 , 30 opposite to the one of the outer corner faces 32 , 34 .
  • the bores 44 , 46 are non-intersecting because of the kind of fastener (a screw) that is used, but this need not be the case as it will be further explained below.
  • only one bore 44 , 46 may extend across each of the inner corner faces 28 , 30 and outer corner faces 32 , 34 .
  • several bores 44 , 46 may extend across each of the inner corner faces 28 , 30 and outer corner faces 32 , 34 .
  • the corner key 10 has three bores 44 , 46 extending across each of the inner corner faces 28 , 30 and outer corner faces 32 , 34 .
  • a set of fasteners 48 , 50 are respectively inserted in the bores 44 , 46 of the corner key 10 and the securing bores 24 , 26 of the profiles 12 , 14 .
  • the fasteners 48 , 50 are metal screws but any other type of fastener may be used for the purpose of locking the corner key 10 to its profiles 12 , 14 .
  • the fastener may be a serrated metal rivet, a bonded rivet or a fusion welded rivet.
  • the fastener may be a certain type of adhesive glue or sealer that hardens inside the bores 44 , 46 of the corner key and the securing bores 24 , 26 of the profiles 12 , 14 .
  • the bores 44 , 46 need not to be non-intersecting with each other.
  • an ultrasound weld may also be used instead of the adhesive.
  • three screws 48 are inserted in the bores 44 of the corner key 10 from the outer corner face 32 and into the securing bores 24 of profile 12 .
  • three screws 50 are inserted in the bores 46 of the corner key 10 from the outer corner face 34 and into the securing bores 26 of profile 14 . It is to be understood, however, that in another embodiment of the invention, only a single screw can be inserted from each of the outer corner faces 32 , 34 , into the bores 44 , 46 and securing bores 24 , 26 . These bores would then be preferably located in the middle of the corner key 10 .
  • the fasteners 48 , 50 are solely responsible for the permanence of the frame work assembly (not shown) that can be built.
  • the axial or longitudinal insertion of the fasteners 48 , 50 relative to the profiles 12 , 14 assures an intimate contact between the cut end faces 13 , 15 of the profiles 12 , 14 and the mating inner corner faces 28 , 30 of the corner key 10 .
  • a sealing element, such as a foamed hot-melt sealing bead 60 in addition to the fasteners 48 , 50 may assist in the permanence of the frame work assembly.
  • the sealing beads 60 provide the corner key 10 with long-lasting sealing properties to intimately seal the interfaces between the lineal profiles 12 , 14 and the corner keys.
  • the corner key 10 is also provided with a drainage and venting passage 52 extending between the first and second inner corner faces 28 , 30 .
  • This drainage and venting passage 52 has opposite end openings 54 , 56 in registration with the drainage and venting passages 20 , 22 of the profiles 12 , 14 when these are coupled with the corner key 10 .
  • the purpose of the drainage and venting passage 52 in the corner key 10 and the drainage and venting passages 20 , 22 in the profiles 12 , 14 is to allow water and air to flow therethrough.
  • the drainage and venting passage 52 of the corner key 10 acts as an opening for pressure equalization within the rain screen principle discussed above.
  • the sealing element can also include silicone or a solid sealant such as preformed or stamped foam gaskets.
  • silicone or a solid sealant such as preformed or stamped foam gaskets.
  • the sealing element such as the foamed hot-melt sealing bead 60 , is applied onto the inner adjacent corner faces 28 , 30 for sealing the drainage channel 52 of the corner key with those of the profiles 12 , 14 when the profiles 12 , 14 are coupled to the corner key 10 .
  • the inner corner faces 28 , 30 of the corner key 10 be provided with strategically positioned sealing recesses 63 located adjacent to the base of the tabs 40 , 42 , where they meet the inner corner faces 28 , 30 of the corner key 10 .
  • the sealing recesses 63 are shaped to receive and contain the sealing bead 60 , and preclude it from dripping when it is laid therein. As illustrated, the sealing bead 60 is preferably laid along a continuous line adjacent to each of the tabs 40 , 42 and the drainage and venting passage 52 .
  • the bores 44 , 46 of the corner key 10 are located adjacent to the tabs 40 , 42 of the corner key 10 .
  • the screws 48 , 50 are strategically positioned, adjacent to the critical contact line formed by the tabs 40 , 42 and the sealing beads 60 .
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B there is shown an alternative embodiment of the present invention wherein no sealing bead 60 is applied in the between the corner key 10 and profile 12 .
  • the inner corner face 28 is still provided with the sealing recess 63 that is formed of a sloped wall surface 68 on the inner corner face 28 .
  • This sloped wall surface 68 assists in the action of wedging the lineal profile 12 into the sealing recess 63 .
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B there is shown the same configuration as in FIGS. 2A and 2B , but with the sealing bead 60 being applied in the sealing recess 63 , for further enhancing the sealing feature of the design.
  • the inner and/or outer side corner faces 36 , 38 have extension fins 70 for masking the joints 72 that are created between the corner key 10 and the profiles 12 , 14 , when the profiles 12 , 14 are coupled to the corner key 10 .
  • the inner and outer side corner faces 36 , 38 can be extended to overlap the plane of contact between the cut faces 13 , 15 of the profiles 12 , 14 and the designated contact inner corner faces 28 , 30 of the corner key 10 .
  • the added feature of such face extensions is the structural overlapping and the visual masking of the assembly joint 72 between the cut end faces 13 , 15 of the lineal profiles 12 , 14 and the corresponding faces of the corner key for the purpose of covering up irregularities of the profiles' 12 , 14 end-cuts 13 , 15 , of guiding the application of the sealing bead 60 , and of masking any sealing bead overflow.
  • the extension of corner surfaces for the purpose of overlapping the assembly joint 72 can be applied to other surfaces of the corner key 10 , particularly to those which remain exposed to the eye after the completion of installation of an assembled window or door.
  • extension fins 70 provided on the inner and outer side corner faces 36 , 38 may also form part of the sloped wall surface 68 of the sealing recess 63 provided on the inner corner faces 28 , 30 .
  • the corner key 10 may be provided without any sealing recesses 63 and sealing beads 60 . Such a configuration may be advantageous because it is easier and less expensive to make. However, when a sealing bead is applied between the corner key and the profile, there may be leakage problems as there is not enough sealant mass to compensate for irregular contact faces and/or gaps created by distortion and by movement of contact surfaces at the joints.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 there is shown another embodiment of the present invention showing a corner key 10 that is similar to the one shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the corner key 10 that is illustrated in FIGS. 1, 4 and 5 is preferably used as a right-side lower corner key because its outer side corner face 38 is provided with a water evacuation vent 58 that is in communication with the drainage and venting passage 52 of the corner key 10 and the drainage and venting passage 22 , 20 of each profile 12 , 14 when these are coupled together.
  • upper corner keys do not need to be provided with such vent 58 .
  • vent 58 In use, when water infiltrates into the drainage and venting passages 20 , 22 of the profiles, such as in case of rain or high humidity, this configuration allows for water evacuation through the vent 58 . It is preferable that the vent 58 and the drainage passage 52 have substantially flush bottom surfaces declining toward the outer side corner face 38 . This downward slope facilitates the water evacuation as depicted by arrow and water drop 64 .
  • the corner key 10 with its vent 58 also has the advantage of providing pressure equalization between the inside of the profiles 12 , 14 and the ambient air outside, as depicted by arrow 66 .
  • the drainage and venting passage 52 has an opening 59 in one of the inner corner faces 28 , 30 .
  • the opening 59 is on the inner corner face 30 , above the end opening 54 of the drainage and venting passage 52 .
  • the corresponding profile 14 also has its drainage and venting passage 22 provided with an opening 61 that communicates with the opening 59 .
  • These openings 59 , 61 are provided so that sashes or any component of a frame can be inserted therein, as those skilled in the art will understand.
  • the inner and outer side corner faces 36 , 38 can bear logos, trademarks, information or decoration designs for advertisement, publicity and/or decoration purposes.
  • the inner side corner face 36 may have a chamfered and rounded corner 62 extending between the inner corner faces 28 , 30 .
  • a chamfered and rounded corner may also be provided between the outer corner faces 32 , 34 .
  • the chamfered and rounded corner 62 provides a design that may be appealing, and which is visible on an assembled sash or window frame.
  • corner key of the present invention eliminates the need for expensive production equipment and large floor space, and therefore provides a cost efficient solution for the fabrication of window or door frame assemblies in particular, but also for general purpose frame work assemblies.
  • the frame work assembly according to the present invention eliminates the need for mitre-cuts, welding and weld cleaning, nor is any punching, routing or drilling needed since all operational functions of a complete window or door assembly are incorporated into the corner keys. It also allows the use of unskilled labor due to the simplicity of its assembly process.
  • An advantage of the present invention is that the pressure equalization and water evacuation openings are provided as an integral part of the design of the corner keys, thus eliminating the need for the otherwise required additional machining effort.
  • the frame work assembly of the present invention may be used for the creation of windows having any type of operation, such as fixed, horizontally and vertically sliding, inward and outward projecting, etc.
  • the frame work assembly may also be used for the creation of doors of any type of operation, such as sliding, inward and outward projecting, etc.
  • profiles are mainly used in the context of a window or door frame assembly, those skilled in the art will understand that the corner key and profiles of the present invention may be used to assemble such diverse frame work assemblies as walls of a building, a container, or any general purpose structure or frame work assembly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Corner Units Of Frames Or Wings (AREA)
  • Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
  • Specific Sealing Or Ventilating Devices For Doors And Windows (AREA)
US10/501,460 2002-01-14 2002-01-14 Corner key for connecting profiles together and frame work assembly Abandoned US20050115178A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CA2002/000041 WO2003058018A1 (en) 2002-01-14 2002-01-14 Corner key for connecting profiles together and frame work assembly

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20050115178A1 true US20050115178A1 (en) 2005-06-02

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US10/501,460 Abandoned US20050115178A1 (en) 2002-01-14 2002-01-14 Corner key for connecting profiles together and frame work assembly

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US (1) US20050115178A1 (pt)
CN (1) CN100404782C (pt)
AU (1) AU2002227817A1 (pt)
BR (1) BR0215512A (pt)
CA (1) CA2473305A1 (pt)
MX (1) MXPA04006825A (pt)
WO (1) WO2003058018A1 (pt)

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US20100162644A1 (en) * 2008-12-29 2010-07-01 Jeld-Wen, Inc. Sill corner with pathway
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JP2018035521A (ja) * 2016-08-29 2018-03-08 三協立山株式会社 防火サッシ
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US10517392B2 (en) 2016-05-13 2019-12-31 Steelcase Inc. Multi-tiered workstation assembly
US10681980B2 (en) 2010-06-02 2020-06-16 Steelcase Inc. Frame type workstation configurations
US10844654B1 (en) * 2019-07-22 2020-11-24 Jeld-Wen, Inc. Corner key with drainage pathway
US10844655B2 (en) * 2018-12-14 2020-11-24 Jeld-Wen, Inc. Water management system for sill assemblies
US20210230933A1 (en) * 2018-06-05 2021-07-29 Michael Ross Hodges Exterior vented glazing systems and methods of glazing
US11168510B2 (en) * 2018-05-16 2021-11-09 Sierra Pacific Industries Window assembly
US20220399854A1 (en) * 2018-03-30 2022-12-15 Sunpower Corporation Photovoltaic module with a cross rail assemby
US20230134444A1 (en) * 2021-10-28 2023-05-04 Jeld-Wen, Inc. Fenestration unit with drainage passage from corner key and through cladding

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MXPA04006825A (es) 2005-03-23
AU2002227817A1 (en) 2003-07-24
WO2003058018A1 (en) 2003-07-17
CA2473305A1 (en) 2003-07-17
BR0215512A (pt) 2004-12-21
CN100404782C (zh) 2008-07-23
CN1615390A (zh) 2005-05-11

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