US1996093A - Cross-drum superheater boiler - Google Patents

Description

April 2, 1935. w. H. ARMAcos'r CROSS DRUM SUPERHEATER BOILER Filed Jan. 2l, 1933 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o J4 o o o o o o/o 600000000 ooooooooo` 000000000 000000000 000000000 ooooooooo H ooooooooo 000000000 ooooooooo ooooooooG/k/ ooooooooo 4O s s o o e000 A .000000. U 6 n ooo .ooo

oooooozo Moo oooooo ooooooo oooooooo ATTORNEY Patented Apr. 2, `1935 e lewe y. nppllicatiogi January 2 1,

My inventionrrelates to superheaterboilers and more v particularly. to crossv drum boilershav'ing superheaters therein. v

v`In order that: myinventi n, together its 5 objects and advantages, may be Iully-and readily understood, I willY no w desc1 'ibe. in-v detail,Y and in `connection with theaccompanyingdrawing a. lowhead superheater boiler selected by Wayof example from a number ot .suitable embodiments o fV invention. In the d rawing:' .l

Fig. 1 isagsectional `elevation through a flowheadsuperheaten boiler taken on Va 4plane perpendicular toA the axesof the steam drums. .Fig. 2gis1a sectional. elevation taken'on a line 2-2 of -Figfl looking in the directionpfr the arrows.` e f In Athe instalation yi11ust`rat`eci 'm the. dra'ving, the Water tube boiler I0 comprises afrontdruin I2, a reardrumll and a mudfdrurnj I6. Drums' l2 vand I6 are connected by a main generating bank composed o bent Water tubes i8, I8.V Upper `lrumsfI2`and I4 are connected bya group of circulators 20,20 and drums I4 and `II are connected byabank composed of water tubes 22, 2-2. The banks composed of tubeslfand 22enclese, .together with the circulators 28, la roughly j-triangular spacey 24 v wlrich isv above thev tubes,v I8 Aand below' the circulators 2D, ,Preferably bailling 26 Vis provided forming passes in the boilergso thatthegases vof combustion pass rst upwardly and then downwardly throughthe spacey 24 be- *fcrefpassing out through thebank composed of tubesf22 to the outlet 2 8, Itwillv be understood that vwhen thev boiler I Il isheated a naturalcirjculation occurs `therein in theusual manner. f

It will beseenthatthe vertical height between 'the drums I .6 and Iltis relativelysmall compared tothehorizontal distance between drums I4 and I2, d'rum ,I6 being almost directly below drum I4, It will beseemftherefore, that boiler II) is of .the lowlhead type. Suehlow-heaboilers are rinstalled' in restricted spaces. and are so compact that difficulty hasgbeen experienced in installing suitable superheatersA therein.. y.The great ma-A jority `of low-headv-lwater tube .boilers have., been installed'without superheaters although the tendency in other typesof boilers has been to' providea-'superheater in almost every installation. The omission of superheaters from low-'head boilers cannot be attributed to the scarcity of such boilers since large numbers of thezn have been installed. f

In accordance with my invention, I utilize. the space 24, or av portion of it, for the superheater.

It will be kseen that, as appears clearly in Fig. 2;

the spa-ce' 'from side tolsideA the.v

and an opening 26r is madelthrougl-r sidewall 23"A Vregistering roughly withthe space 2,4 in .that-pol?.

tion fof` such space.1in..wh ich -theqheati-ng gases f lare; apt to have a maximum. temperature.

shown,.moreover, parallel-headerchambers 38, 3B are placed just above :the-mouth." of opening-.2.6

and the drum .I4 com'iectedrrith'one of thef-cham- `bers 3'!! :byja steampipe. off-take .rpipe 314. v is provided forcarrying awalitithe'superheatedl steam and' is connectedfto. the. other header; 30,' pipes' 32v VandJBIlY preferably being connected ito. opposite ends :of header chambers 3I1.}-9It will beiv seen.v that the vspace available for the superheater is quite limited. "Ihereforejltheproblenrof..ina' f stallingsufcient. superheatingjsurface 'in' space 2 4 is; a diicult one. VVI'have `illustrated arpr'e.- ferred` arrangement'. whereinrthe superheater is composed of unitsf4,s .oneof r,which is.v shown clearly in Fig. 2, and which, facilitate theinstal.-

lation of alarge amount ofheating spacefper cubic foot of space occupied by the superheater. As illustratedeach unitllllyhas two endoricon-y necting .portions 42; 42 each ofwhich isirirnieriv of a single pipeleng'th.andconnects,to'fonegfofthe header chambers y3ll.A Intermediate the end' portions 4 2, each unit 4 0has ari/intermediate' portion 44 one 'endxofwhich connectsto'ionev por;-

tion42at a point azand the-other Aend of which connects withthe other end-portion 4-2 atA Va point y 46h.; Preferablyeach unitMllisjso proportioned that Ytheconnecting points 46mand 46b;.fall withinthe openingin theside Wall'28.- I-Io.w

fever, I doznot'limit myself; to this. Eachintere mediate portion44 is formedfof two parallel tube lengths 45a and 45h', they points lll'ay and 46hY being vpoints of bifurcation, as yfellaspointsof connection to the end portions 42. Asappears rinthe drawing'the portionsg42 offeach unit 40 rlie j substantially inv the same vertical plane. vand .the

Ipoints 4tfand4'6b lie one above the.other-fclosey to the lower edge of lthe space 24 and-opening 26. From thepoints 45a andllbgthe `interrnediate portion 44 of a given unit VIll extends 'laterf ally acrossthe space 2 4 tohearjtheother',side wall of the boilerat `which points the.;tubes`z 4'5aj and 45h 'are turned back on themselves; in bends f 48 and 5I]y each at 180 degrees.

bend 52 one of large radius. It will be seen fr iunf:`r

'Y Fig; 1, moreover, that tubes 45a arid 4s givenunit 40 are set lso thatktheir centers. ata j' Y' superheater as appearsV in Fig. 1.

y e VThe connections between theend portionsZ` and header chambers 3|)` serve tosupport theunits at oneend of eachunit. Toward theotherside of the boiler, I prefer to support the other ends,V `of units 40 Vby a pair of hanger rods 54, 54 which extend downwardlyl from the'roof of the boiler (Il):v

Vthrough lanes Vin the circulatorsf20 to the level ofr 'i the top row of tubes |*8Vwhere they are connected by'a cross bar 56, onwhi'chthe lower lengths of the tubes unrest-j 1tv wm-beseen that'bar se liefs, in thepassag'e for :gasesbetween two ltubes "lBjjin the topirowof fsuchf tubes; 'KInVv order to' v Ystiffeni the units llllrand'hold th'e'finner'tube runs extends parallel to'l tubes I8`and, 'invorder .to utilize the-available space to best advantage,V barg56 in ther-relative position'shown, I'preferr to insei'tV spacer blocks in fthe; unitspat points/ 58, .59 -andij 160Iasbefst1appearsin lFig.`l2. VAsa'lso appears in Y end portionsr42i of each unit (4*0 jextend 5,'from`fpoints 46a andi'b'laterally beyond the vso ` As-appe'ars clearly at 6 v lfne'cted to header chambers,'30ffbyrrjoints"ofV 'ai fknown angsreadily breakable type. .Preferably '45 t t "ever, 'a Vbumpedlor y"shield-like formi' providing loose brick (not shownl areSplaced in thermouth of la'perturei toscreen joints 6| 'andfchanbers `lli'rorn'the-hotg'asesl nIn order Ato prevent escape `ofjgases Vthrougl'i`the opening 26 while' permitting n YVinspection, removal and replacement ofunitslll witha m'axirnum ofconvenienceflpreferto cover "through the unit. Y i Y, t 5 f 3,.f finecombinaticncfa boiler navingverticaily, spacedtubebanksgand a superheaterinfthe space the kmouth of opening 26V with a dorf plateg62 which vis concave on its 'innerfface andtis hingedk toa lower corner of oneheaderchaniber, 3.0 as` appearsat 64.1 `Plateli2'is soshaped-thatitfalls by gravityag'ainstfthe -face of the'wall 28 and 'contacts I therewith"V closely. Plate '62 has; how# room f ortheA vertical parts' of the y end 'portions VV2-where they'iie beyond the mouth of theop'en' platerl!` covers the; header chambers v3|) fat their be'seen that thearrangeinentrin accordance with Y my invention' provides a large! amount of super--r` Y Vheating surface in proportion to the space avail-V able'ffor' the `superheate`r and thatthn form'oi? unit 'disclosed herein is particularly Vwell adapted units I*'can' be 'removed frornfandfreturned 'to'a While'I haverg'dis'closed my invention as em -V z, 1.2Thefcombination of 'a boilerhavingotlwo VYfu'ppervdrums and one lowerdrurn so arranged f:

lying in said openingin thefsid'ewall.

mately above the lower drum 'and the two upper' drums are nearlyV on the same, level;` groups of tubes Vconnecting saidv drums r andv enclosingVv a1;

roughly'triangular space openingat the sides of the boiler, the one of `said groups above Vsaid space havingverticallanes therethrough, a superheater having units? extending into :said space rparallel to said drums, headers forsaid units at'one, endof said spacetorwhichgsaid units are connected and v`from uwhich i theyv are partly supported!V and supporting rods extending down-k wardly through the group betweenv saidvr upperV drums forsupporting the ends of Vsaidrunits'at; I K' the*V ends oppositessaid headers, a side wall for l5 the. boiler, having an fopening therein' registering roughlyowith a portion of the space for the superheaterj,Within the boiler' and in whichufthe .superheateriscornposed of units each having,

two connecting portions extending out through said Vopening, and allarga radiusj'returnbend y 2; A-unit for afsuperheaterfhavin'g" two portions lying .side by side and adaptedto be connected to headersa Ybfurcated portion having-"two tubes each connected at one endft'o one ofsaid connect` l y kingV portions and. atvthe'o'ther end tojthe`r other ofi-said `connecting, portions, said' lvai'furcatedy por-r f "tion having '180 bends at the'end of` the'unt/ref- .moved 'from said? connecting portions; whereby sections are provided lying above and Yparallel to sections connected tosaidfendseyiationsl and [180 bends near'theend of ,theunit adjacent "saidloonf necting portions for connectingthe'sectionsbf the birfurcated portion; such*bifurcatedportion havinggits' tubes'offset horizontallyl Vwhen"said connecting portions are vertical so that thief-,inf`

divicuai tub/esof the Viniturcate'df'portion ofthe l given imitare larranged socloseto agiven vertical 1 -line as, to' obviate V'any'l substantialverticalr lanes between 'said 'banks'- andiV unitsV extending ."trans versely" ofthe generating-- tubes, said ,units' each having ntwo `portions lying" side 'by `VsideVIA in a, given verticalv plane, two headersl withwhich said portions connect, oneto each,Y each-otV said units also having a bifurcated portionl having two tubes Yconnected atone'end to onefoi' said first mentioned .portions andatthe otherend tothe other of said first mentioned portions; saidbirrcatedportion having 180 bendsV at the Vend Yof the junit-refr so' f moved Iriomfsaia headers*whereby' secuonsav provid'edfl'ying above ,andparallelf to sections con- Vnected to said rst mentionedportionsV and "180V4 bendsnear the end vof1:,1t1'u'sunaV adjacent 'said owing Y'inV the vertical `direction 'Y and having vno substantial vertical lanes'therein 'l i x y WiL-.nua aa-MAo'o'sr.' v

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