US1475924A - Superheater - Google Patents

Description

J. J. NELlS Nov. 27 1923.

SUPERHEATER Filed Jan.- 24, 1921 Q w: AF

roams Patented Nov. 27, 1923.

JOSEPH JOHN NELIS, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOB TO POWER SPECIALTY COMPANY, or NEW YORK, 1v. Y.,

A coRroRA'rIoN or NEW YORK.

SUPER-HEATER.

Application filed January 24,1921. Serial No. 439,381. 7

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH J. Name, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York city, borough of' Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Superheaters, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description. r

The invention formin the subject of my present application for tters Patent is an improvement pertaining to steam boilers of the inclined tube'ty c with two tube banks and with two lower rums and one top drum is and similar to and for-convenience herein-- after referred to as the Yarrow type, and such improvement involves primarily the combination with these boilers of superheaters in such manner and in such form as to secure a new and highly useful result. Secondly, the said improvement resides in the combination with such boilers, when equipped with superheaters in the novel manner devised by me of certain battles which'contribute to the efficiency of the boiler.

Superheaters have been for many years used with boilers of the Yarrow type, by placing them in spaces in the artly vertical banks of tubes formed by dividing such banks sufficiently for the purpose, and bafiles of varying character and in many positions have been used therewith for directing the flow of hot gases over the tubes of the boiler and the superheaters, but I have found that the use of a special form of superheater with these boilers secures great and important advantages by the greater efficiency which results from its use, and, finally, I have by the use of baflles in certain new relations added 4.0 to the efficiency of the boiler inits operation. These several improvements may be first generally described and then more specifically pointed out and claimed. a The superheaters commonly used with 46 Yarrow boilers heretofore have been ,of the ordinary or plain tube type. Such superheaters, unless specially made with small tubes placed very close together, which is highly objectionable by reason of the high velocity of the steam which such construction involves, do not have any substantial baffling effect, as the hot gases flow with but little resistance between the tubes and are not materially-deflected from their natural 85 course thereby. I propose, however, to use and for this purpo e I arrange back of each downward over the outside tubes.

a superheater ofa character which constitutes a leaky bafile. That is to say, Iuse a Fostersuperheater, the tubes of which are "encased in cast iron rings which form cor-- rugated envelopes, and which constitute virtually a baflie; that is, a leak bafile without rendering it necessary to re uce the diameter or capacity ofv the tubes.

By placing such superheaters in the two banks of the boiler and. using superheaters 'of proper proportions and dimensions, I secure throughout any desired portion of each bank a leaky batilewhich causes a large proportion of the hot gases to flow upward over that part of the bankwhich is nearest the tire and downward over the outside portion being directed .throu h this course by the usual bafiles outside the banks of tubes. Of course, the entire volume of as will not thus flow as a part will pass or eak through between the superheater tubes. Such gases as thus pass the superheater would manifestly flow immediately across the lower portion of the outside tubes unless restrained,

superheater a solid baflle of proper dimensions, which causes all of the leaking gases to flow upward, unite with thegases deflected upward by the superheaterand thence- In boilers of this kind it is especially difiicult'to remove a section or U-tube from the cluster constituting the supe'rheater, but this I remedy by bending the ends of each tube section outwardly so asto join the header in a plane at right. angles, to the legs of the section, so that when any section'has to be removed, it is merely necessa' to cut the tube near the header and with raw the section bodily without interfering with the headers. The ends of a newsection when introduced need only be pinched together to clear the headers and register with the openin s therein. y

n the accompanying drawings I have shown these improvements in detail.

Figure 1 is a view in elevation-of the interior of a Yarrow boiler, with my improvements embodied therein. l

Fig. 2 is a sectional view on line 2-2 of Fig. 1, of the superheater showing my improvement in means for facilitating the removal or withdrawal of a section, and

Fig. 3 is a top plan View of the same parts. Boilers of the type contemplated in this case have two inclined banks of tubes 1 and 2, with drums 3, 3, below to which they areconnected and a main central steam drum at the top. Each bank is divided lon5g1tud1- nally and superheaters 5 are located in the spaces thus formed. To cause the hot gases to flow over the outside tubes bafies 8 are occupy most of the spaces in the banks ottubes and deflect a large proportion of the hot gases upward ans-indicated by the arrows, so that such gases sweep both the'inher and the outer sections of each bank.

A portion of the gases also passes'between I the superheater tubes, as indicated, and prevent these gases from flowing immediately across the lower portion of the outside tubes only, I place halides 13 back'of the sup 1- heaters and between the boiler tubes which force such leaking gases to pass upward and then down over substantially the entire length of the'outside tubes.

The ends of the tl-tubes constituting the superheaters are bent outwardly at right angles, as shown in Fig. 2. The tubes passthrough removable plates '9 into a closed compartment 10 outside the boiler and are expanded, in the usual manner, into the headers 11. Wherever it becomes necessary to remove one of these tubes it is out near the headers and it may then be lifted out without disturbin' the headers. The latter are provided with openings closed by caps 12 which may be removed to withdraw. the out ends of the tubes, and to permit new ends to be' expanded into the headers.

l Vhen a new section is introduced the ends of the tube are pinched or, forcedtogether, which permits them to be passed down into register with the openings 1n the headers in which they are expanded. 1

In constructing the super-heaters for use, asabove set forth, the dimensions of the cast iron rings which form the envelopes for the superheater tubes are determined large 1y without reference to the diameter of the heating tubes, so as to oppose the flow of gases between the said tubes to a sufiicient extent to give to the superheater, as a whole,

naraoaa the sheet of a leaky bafile. The etliciency' of the boiler may, in this way, be materially increased, especially when the other provisions hereinbefore set forth are made.

What I claim'is: Y

1'. In aboiler of the Yarrow type, the combination with the banks of boiler tubes lon itudinally divided to form spaces, and ba es outside of the upper parts of said tubes, of superheaters constituting leaky battles arranged in said spaces, and bafiles back of said superheaters for deflecting such gases as pass through the superheaters and causing them to flow upward and unite with the gases deflected by the superheaters.

and flow downward over the outside boiler tubes.

2. Ina boiler of the Yarrow type, the 1 combination with the banks of boiler tubes longitudinally dividedv to form spaces, of

super-heaters constituting leaky bafiles, arranged in said spaces and battles back of said superheaters for deflecting such gases as pass through the superheaters and causing them to new upward and unite with the gases deflected by the superheaters.

3.111s; boiler ofthe Yarrow type, the combination with banks of boiler tubes longitudinally divided to form spaces, of superheaters in said spaces having their tubes encased in corrugated cast-iron envelopes which close up the spaces through the supcrheater so as to form a leaky bafile and operate to deflect a large portion of the hot gases around them and over the boiler tubes, and ordinary batlles back of said superheater and beyond a row of boiler tubes .for deflecting such hot gases as pass through boiler tubes fordeflecting such hot gases as pass through the superheater and causing the same to sweep upwardly above the boiler tubes and unite with the hot gases deflected by the superheaters.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature.

JOSEPH-JOHN items.

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