US1667451A - Apparatus for the treatment of organisms with electrical currents - Google Patents

Apparatus for the treatment of organisms with electrical currents Download PDF

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Publication number
US1667451A
US1667451A US119148A US11914826A US1667451A US 1667451 A US1667451 A US 1667451A US 119148 A US119148 A US 119148A US 11914826 A US11914826 A US 11914826A US 1667451 A US1667451 A US 1667451A
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Prior art keywords
resistance
voltage
current
organism
treatment
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Expired - Lifetime
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US119148A
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English (en)
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Arnberg Wilhelm Teodor
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Individual
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Individual
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
    • A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents

Definitions

  • FIG. 1 shows a circuit diagram of one form of the invention.
  • the electrodes 1 adapted to be applied to the organism are connected each with one of the terminals 2 of the secondary winding 3 of a transformer having .a relatively high transformation ratio, for instance 25:1 between the secondary winding 3 and the primary winding 4.
  • the winding last mentioned is connected to terminals 7 of a supply main or a generator supplying an alternating current of a sinusoidal voltage curve and of a constant amplitude.
  • a supply main or a generator supplying an alternating current of a sinusoidal voltage curve and of a constant amplitude.
  • a large fixed series resistance 5 an a regulating resistance 6 the ohmic resistance of which is likewise relatively high.
  • the voltage between the terminals 7 is 420 volts while the regulating resistance 6 has an ohmic resistance of about 2000 ohm and the series resistance 5 an ohmic resistance of about1000 ohm.
  • the voltage betwcen'the primary terminals 8, when the whole rcsistance 6 is included, may be for instance 10 volts provided the secondary circuit is open.
  • the no-load voltage at the secondary side of the transformer will then be 250 volt assuming the transformation ratio being that mentioned above.
  • the secondary voltage will attain the value of the no-load voltage only during a very'short moment upon the closure of the primary circuit and it will then rapidly sink to about of the no-load voltage, the electrical resistance of the organism at the same time rapidly decreasing under the influence of the high voltage in the first moment.
  • a current supplied directly from a generator such high voltage as 250 volt, which has proved to be a suitable voltage to overcome the initial resistance of the body, would involve a certain risk for weak organisms and in any case the reduction of resistance of the organism occurring immediately after the closure of the current would cause a considerable increase of current and of the physiological excitement which would have to be compensated by repeated adjustments of a series resistance.
  • the regulating resistance and the fixed resistance are preferably given such resistance values as to make it possible to vary the secondary no-load voltage from 0131p to about 7 50 volt.
  • he primary current 1, the magnetic flux N in t e iron core'of the transformer, the primary voltage E and the secondary current I, may obviously be represented by vectors in a vector diagram as shown in Fig. 2 in which the radius of the circle is equal to the len h of the vector of I the amplitude of w 'ch is practically constant.
  • the secondary resistance R which is practically free from inductance and capacity is determined by the relation where E is the no-load value of the secondary voltage and 1 the secondary short circuit current, it is possible to illustrate in a co-ordinat'e system, the variations of the secondary voltage and the secondary current when altering the secondary resistance, i. e. the resistance of the body of the patient between the electrodes.
  • FIG. 3 shows thecurves for E and I, as functions ofthe secondary resistance R in a particular measured instance in the arrangement described.
  • the transformation ratio n was22.7.
  • the resistances 5 and 6 in the primary circuit had each a value of 2000 ohm.” In no-load running the primary voltage was 10 volt, and,
  • the secondary voltage E was 227 volt.
  • the secondary current I was 10.2 milliamp.
  • the following equations are obtainedt 1O 2 2270QO R2 10.2 X cos 'qS, milliamp. E 227 X sin volt.
  • the resistance of the body including the variable intermediate contact resistance at the electrodes usually varies during the weasel course of treatment between about 2000 and 8000 ohm (the shaded part in Fig. 3), the strength of current in the body of the patient will, as seen from the drawings, remain practically constant during the treatment even at very strong fluctuations of the resistance, owing to the fact that the current' the said inevitable resistance fluctuations have no noticeable influence on the strength of current. It'1s thereby made possible to main'taln during the treatment an even and uniform physiological state of excitement producing a strong therapeutical effect.
  • ohmicseries resistances instead of ohmicseries resistances other alternating current resistances may be used, for instance choking coils, if the regulating resistance 6 is replaced by a choking coil, the required regulation may be obtained in known manner by making the air gap ad justable.
  • the electrodes 1 should not be applied to the organism at such high voltages which exist when the regulating resistance is disconnected wholly or to a great extent.
  • the primary circuit should preferably be broken.
  • a warning signal controlled by the switch arm 11 of the regulating resistance may be provided said signal, in the example .shown, consisting of a signal lamp 9 interconnected btween one of the terminals 7 and a contact bar 10 so that the lamp circuit is closed through said bar and the switch arm 11 as soon as any part of the regulating resistance 6 is cut in, but is opened on the latter being disconnected and the primary circuit broken. 'In case the regulating re-.
  • the primary winding of the transformer being connected to the source of current through a fixed resistance and a regulating resistance.
  • the primary Winding of the transformer being connected to the source of current through a fixed series resistance chosen so as to prevent the secondary voltage to exceed a safe value (for instance 75 volt) on short-circuiting the regulating resistance (6) while the secondary circuit is closed, whereas the no-load secondary voltage may amount to a many tiines higher value (for instance 750 volt).

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
  • Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)
US119148A 1925-07-29 1926-06-28 Apparatus for the treatment of organisms with electrical currents Expired - Lifetime US1667451A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE256236X 1925-07-29

Publications (1)

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US1667451A true US1667451A (en) 1928-04-24

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ID=20306315

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US119148A Expired - Lifetime US1667451A (en) 1925-07-29 1926-06-28 Apparatus for the treatment of organisms with electrical currents

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US1667451A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE335630A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR619315A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB256236A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL19446C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2438875A (en) * 1941-11-27 1948-03-30 Offner Franklin Electrical treatment apparatus and method of control
US2843129A (en) * 1954-04-12 1958-07-15 Amalgamated Wireless Australas Shock therapy device
US2909178A (en) * 1956-05-08 1959-10-20 Reiter Reuben Apparatus for electric shock therapy

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2438875A (en) * 1941-11-27 1948-03-30 Offner Franklin Electrical treatment apparatus and method of control
US2843129A (en) * 1954-04-12 1958-07-15 Amalgamated Wireless Australas Shock therapy device
US2909178A (en) * 1956-05-08 1959-10-20 Reiter Reuben Apparatus for electric shock therapy

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR619315A (fr) 1927-03-31
BE335630A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB256236A (en) 1927-03-17
NL19446C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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