US1427430A

US1427430A - Distilling and rectifying column

Info

Publication number: US1427430A
Application number: US411924A
Authority: US
Inventors: Barbet Emile Augustin
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1919-10-01
Filing date: 1920-09-22
Publication date: 1922-08-29
Anticipated expiration: 1939-08-29
Also published as: DE354861C; FR513982A; GB151988A

Description

E. A. BARBET.

DISTILLING AND RECTIFYING COLUMN.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT 22, i920.

EJ A. BARBET. v DISTILLING AND RECTIFYING COLUMNA APPHCATION FILED SEPT. 22,1920. 19427343() Patented Aug. 29, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET Z.

UNITED STATES EMILE AUGUSTIN BAR/BET, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

DISTILLING AND RECTIFYING COLUMN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 29, 1922.

Application filed September 22, 1920. Serial No. 411.924.

T o all y107mm, t may concern:

Be it known that I, EMILE AUGUSTIN BAR- BET, a citizen of the French Republic, residing at No. 5 Rue de lEchelle, laris, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in and Relating to Distilling and Rectifying Columns, of which the following is a specification.

Among the man types of plates which have been propose( for distilling and rectifying columns, the plates with hoods have the property of remaining filled with the liquid during a vtemporary stopping of the operation, and they are very much appreciated owing to this property.

In contradistinetion thereto, the old perforated platesv of the Savalle type are emptied as soon as the operation stops but they have theadvantage of abetter working owing to a very high division of the bubbles.

It has been tried to combine the advantages offered by the two types of plates and to form non-emptiable although perforated plates, but difficulties of construction were met with. The problem is still more diflicult in the case when it is desired to provide cooling coils immersed into the reflux liquid of the plates.

The present invention relates to an improved column-plate consisting essentially of a solid disc and of a certain number of long hoods pairallel to each other, the borders of which are provided with horizontal perforated plates.

On the other hand it has been possible to drive away all the liquid from underneath the said perforated plates by slightly stamping the column-plate underneath them in such a manner as to form a double incline which leaves only a sectional passage which is strictly indispensable for the circulation of the' steam.

The column-plate is thus provided with a series of sharp edges on which are supported and fixed the edges of the perforated plates.

The accompanying drawing illustrates the plate.

Fig. 1 is a plan View, the left handside of the figure showing the hoods in position whilst in the right-hand side of the figure the said hoods have not been shown.

Fig. 2 is a section along X-X in Fig. l with all the hoods placed in their position.

Figure 3 is a plan of a hood formedy in As shown in the drawing, the columnf plate A is stamped in such a manner as to present a certain number of longitudinal sharp edges B (four of these edges are illustrated), the length of which is limited by that of the hoods.

At both ends, a plane surface is provided with an overflow C and with a dish D respectively. Horizontal surfaces are left between the inclined surfaces, provided with chimneys E on which long hoods F are fixed 1n any suitable manner. Perforated plates G are fixed to the said long hoods, and on the sharp edges B on which they are held in position; the sides of the hoods and the projectlons of the edges are so dimensioned that theV plates G shall be horizontal. The chim neys E, instead of being round, may be of an elongated shape and may be formed by bending up the metal which forms the bottom of the column-plate.

In the type which has been illustrated as having four Sharp edges, there are three long hoods and, an elongated, sector-shaped hood is arranged on each side so as to use the whole of the surface of the column-plate and to prevent any passage of liquid to the periphery.

The Working of the column-plate according to the .present invention can be easily understood; the vapours coming from. the lower column-plate pass through the chimneys E underneath the hoods F and drive the liquid contained between the bottom A and the plates G, through the perforations with which the=latter plates are provided. pass themselves through the plates G and bubble into the liquid of the column-plate in a finely-divided state. As that section of the column-plate comprised between two sharp edges gradually decreases to the right and to the left of the axis of the hood the vapours can drive easily the liquid which is contained in the space between the bottom of the column-plate and the plates G above the latter plates.

It will be noticed that the o'olumn-plate according to the present invention has the advantages of the erforated column-plates lwithout having thelr drawbacks, because if the pressure falls inside the column, the liquid of the column-plate does not fall on the lower column-plate but on the bottom A; it forms therefore a non-emptiable column plate.

The said arrangement of overflows, the latter having preferably an elongated form, ensures a good circulation and an equal distribution of the liquid to the four perforated aths.

p It has been said at the beginning of the present application that in certain cases it is advantageous to arrange a cooling coil on the column-plates; nothing easier when a column-plate according to the present invention is used; owing to the shape of the hoods it is possible to arrange without any difiiculty a coil H going along each hood on each side thereof and resting on the perforated plates on which it is easy to fix it by means of a simple copper wire passing through the holes of the perforated plate. Moreover, in a prior patent of applicant dated the 6th February 1920 for Great Britain and the 2nd February 1920 for the U. S. A. and relating to improvements in colndensation in rectifying apparatus, the `reflux of the cooling liquid is used in the cooling coils of the plates; this method of operation can be applied to the column-plates according to the present application.

A perforated plate made of copper would not withstand a long time in distilling columns, in which the liquid is always somewhat acid; the holes' would be enlarged gradually and the working of the apparatus would be disturbed. It will be then easy to use instead of plates made of laminated copper, perforated plates made of gun-metal or phosphor bronze.

It is also possible to use plates made of .porcelain or earthenware.

There are cases in which the acidity vof Vthe liquids renders necessary the use of columns made either of ceramic ware, or of Volvic lava. The long hoods would be too fragile in that case and it will be preferable to use round hoods as shown in Figs. 3 and 4p(plan and section). The round hoodis made in one piece with its flat circular collar.`

As to the columnplate,pits flat bottomis slightly stamped downwards under'eath the hood in such a manner as tovprovide a section .for the passage of the steamwhich gradually decreases from the centre to the periphery as shown in Fig. 1.

It is possible to weld the hoods to the column-plate.

For column-plates made of lava, the thickness of which is always at least 5 centimeters, the carving underneath the hoods will be made by means of a chisel, the thickness of the column-plate being thereby reduced and the hood will be sealed either by means of sulphur, or by means of a cement formed of silicate of soda and asbestos powder.

Vv'hat I claim is 1. An improved column plate for distilling and rectifying apparatus, comprising a plate, elevations in the plate, chimneys extending from the plate between such elevations, in an upward direction to a point above the level of the elevations, hoods over the chimneys and foraminous surfaces extending from the hoods and resting upon the elevations.

2. An improved column plate for distilling and rectifying apparatus, comprising a plate, a plurality of parallel elevations extending substantially across the plate, chimneys extending from the plate between said elevations to a point above the level of the elevations, elongated hoods arranged over the chimneys in each of the portions of the plate between the said elevations, and perforated plates connecting adjacent hoods and resting on the elevations.

3. An improved column plate for distilling and rectifying apparatus, comprising a plate, a plurality of parallel elevations, extending substantially across the plate, chimneys extending from the plate between said eleva- 'tions to a point above the level of the elevations, elongated hoods arranged over the chimneys in each of the portions of the plate between said elevations, perforated -plates connecting adjacent hoods and resting on the elevations, and cooling coils on the perforated plates. i

4. Animproved column plate for distilling and rectifying apparatus, comprising a plate, a plurality of elevations in the form of angular ridges extending substantiall across the plate, chimneys in the plate tween 'said elevations, elongated hoods extending longitudinally in relation to the elevations and covering the chimneys and horizontally perforated plates extending between adjacent hoods and resting on the angular ridges.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

AUGUSTIN BARBET.