US1401911A

US1401911A - Fuel-spraying nozzle for internal-combustion engines

Info

Publication number: US1401911A
Application number: US394682A
Authority: US
Inventors: Keller Karl Otto
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1920-07-08
Filing date: 1920-07-08
Publication date: 1921-12-27
Anticipated expiration: 1938-12-27

Description

K. O. KELLER.

FUEL SPHAYING NOZZLE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES. APPLICATION FILED JULY 8,1920.

I 1,401,91 1 Patented Dec. 27, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

K. O. KELLER.

FUEL SPRAYING NOZZLE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES. APPLICATION FILED JULY 8. I920.

1,401,91 1, Patented Dec. 27, 1921. 22 8.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

W mp

UNE'FED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

KARL OTTO KELLER, OF SUNDERLAND, DURHAM, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO ROBE-3'1 FILE DOXFORD, OF SUNDERLAN D, ENGLAND.

FUEL-SPRAYING NOZZLE FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Application filed July 8,

To all whom iii-may concern:

Be it known that I, KARL O'r'ro KELLER, a citizen of the Swiss Confederation, residing at Sunderland, Durham, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fuel-Spra ing Nozzles for Internal-Combustion ngines, of which the following is a specification. I -.This invention is for improvements in or relating to fuel-spraying nozzles for internal-combustion engines, and may be used with engines having either onepiston or two opposed pistons in each cylinder. Fuelspraying nozzles hitherto used for internalcombustion engines, especially in the case of solid injection. engines, suffer severely fromthe heat of combustion when the nozzles are not water cooled. In cases where a single jet is employed, as for example, hot bulb engines, this difficulty is not so apparent owing to the low mean pressures which are obtained, and the comparatively small'size of the cylinders.

Where higher mean pressures and larger cylinders are required, it is essential to use several jets per cylinders. In these cases it is necessary to increase the surface of the nozzle in order to accommodate the increased number of-jets, and it has been found in practice that such jets grouped together give trouble in service owing to carbonization, on account of the increased surface exposed to the flame of combustion; this trouble is particularly bad if it is attempted to burn the heavier grades of fuel-oil.

Another objection to these devices is that it has been customary to drill the jets or orifices all in a single plug' so as to communicate with a central supply-hole. These jet-orifices are very small and must be accurately formed so that the operation is a delicate one and the drilling of several such orifices in a single plug is not desirable from the manufacturing point of View.

According to the present invention, there is provided in a fuel-spraying nozzle for an internal-combustion engine, the combination with the delivery end thereof, in which is a plurality of fuel-passages, of separately manufactured plugs, one for the delivery end ofeach passage, each plug being perforated to break up the liquid forced therethrough and to shape the resultant jet.

According to another feature of the 1nvention, there are provided, in a nozzle, as

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 27, 1921 1920. Serial No. 394,682.

invention, a fuel-spraying nozzle comprises.

a plate-like member formed with a projection or projections thereonand with fuel passages extending through said projections, fuel-spraying plugs mounted in the end face or faces of said projections, and a guardplate welded to the circumference of said member and to the said projections thereof, and disposed with its outer face meeting smoothly the said end faces of the projections and its inner face spaced away from the face of the said member to provide a circulation space for cooling water.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate one embodiment of this invention,

Figure l is a central vertical section showing the delivery end of a fuel-nozzle;

Fig. 2 is a plan showing a central horizontal section of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is an elevation of the delivery end of the nozzle looking from the left-hand side in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a similar view looking from the ri ht-hand side;

igs. 5, 6., and 7 show alternative forms of perforated plugs which are used to produce the jets of fuel;

Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 1 of a modified form of fuel-nozzle;

Fig. 9 is a central horizontal section of Fig. 8;

Fig. 10' is a central vertical section on the line l010 of Fig. 11, and

Fig. 11 is an elevation of the rear face of the nozzle.

Like reference characters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 7 of these drawings, the body of thefuel-nozzle 10 is provided with a central passage 11 through which the fuel-oil is delivered, and with two other passages 12 and 13 for the circulation of cooling water. All these passages open on to the end face 14 of the part 10.

"terbored as at 25 to receive a plug which is perforated so as to break up the liquid forced therethrough and to shape the resultant'jet issuing from it. Various forms of plug are shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 7, but any other desired form may be used. In each of these figures the body of the plug is shown at 30 and the perforation through which the fuel issues is indicated at 31. It

will be understood that the particular form of plug selected and also the shaping of the perforation may be varied accordingto the a type of jet which it is desired to produce.

The passages 22 which diverge most from the central axial line of the jet may be provided with additional enlargements 26 beyond the counter-bore 25, in order to accommodate the divergent jet issuing from the plug 30 in the portion 25 of that passage.

A cylindrical member or guard-plate 40 is arranged to fit on to the element 20. This guard-plate comprises a cylindrical portion 41 which fits over a. portion of the disk 20, and it also has a flange 42 bedded against a similar flange on the disk 20 and welded thereto as at 43. I The front face of the plate 40 has an opening in it to expose the face 23 of the projection 21, and the fuelassages extending 'therethrougln The guar -plate 40 is welded-along the two edges of said rojection as indicated at 44 in Fig. 1, and a so to the ends thereof as indicated at 45 in Fig. 2. 1 Its outer face is preferably flush with the end face 23 of the ridge 21, and it is, in any case, preferable that its junction therewith should be by a smooth curve. so as to avoid ridges or edges which would be liable to become overheated.

The inner surface 46 of the guard-plate 40 is spaced away from the disk 20 to provide a circulation space for cooling water. The disk- 20 is provided with two passages 27, 28 registering respectively with the passages 12, 13, so that a circulation of cooling water can be insured over the inside 46 of the end face of the nozzle, and also over the aforesaid projection 21 which constitutes the walls of the fuel passages 22. The

" two ends of this projection 21 are notched or recessed as at 29, (see Figs. 2) to permit the passage of water from one side to the other of the said projection.

It will be appreciated thatvthe two

parts

20 and 40 being welded together are in effect a single'elemena; and they are secured to the end face 149i the nozzle in any convenient manner as for example by a nut 50 engaging the flange 42 and screwed on to the body 10 of the nozzle.

Any desired means for rendering the various joints water-tight and oil-tight may be used. In the form illustrated, the plate 20 is provided with

annular ribs

51, 52, disposed around the fuel-passage 11, and near the circumference respectively. These ribs engage corresponding recesses in the face 14 of the body 10 of the nozzle, and a suitable packing, for example, copper, may be used in these recesses.

The particular embodiment ofthe invention hereinbefore described, has all the fuel jets arranged in a single row to give a flat fan-shaped spray on a diametral plane of the nozzle, but it is to be understood that the fuel-passages may be arranged in any desired manner according to the engine in which the nozzle is to be used.

Figs. 8, 9, 10 and 11 show four views corresponding to Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 of a modified arrangement of the nozzle. In this form the ridge or projection in which the fuel-passages 61 are formed is offset from the diameter of the nozzle and the fuel-passages are correspondingly inclined, and communicate with the central passage 62 through-which the fuel-oil is delivered. The cooling

water passages

63, 64, and spaces 65 are similar to the first-described arrangement to provide for the effective cooling of the nozzles, the arrangement of the guard-plate 66 being exactly similar to that of the guard-plate 40 previously described. The

water passages

63, 64, open on to channeled portions or slots in order to provide communication with two separate water passages drilled side by side 1n the body of the nozzle, this body not being shown in these drawings.

It will be seen from Figs. 8 and 9 that the fuel-passages 61 are not symmetrical about the longitudinal axis of the nozzle and it is to be understood that any desired arrangement of the nozzle may be provided according to the engine on which the nozzle is used. When the arrangement is not symmetrical it is desirable to locatethe end part of the nozzle correctly, as for example, b

means of a dowel-peg entering the recess 6 in the baekface.

It will be appreciated that the formation of the spraying apertures 31 is a very delicate one, and in the event of an aperture be A ing faulty, it is only necessary, with the hereinbefore described construction, to scrap the plug 30 in which it is formed, and it is not necessary, as has heretofore been the case to scrap the whole nozzle containing the whole series of the jets which were all drilled in a single element.

The plugs 30 are inserted into the counterbored portions 35 as above-described, so as to lie slightly below the end surface thereof, and they are retained therein by calking over the upstanding edge thus obtained. Various modifications maybe made in the precise details of construction. Thus, for example, if it is desired, the fuel-passages 22 might be made sufficientlyv large for the plugs to be inserted into them from the other end, so that the plugs can sit against a shoulder left near the delivery ends of these passages. The oil pressure would then maintain these plugs in their desired position. Similarly, any other desired means may be used for securing the

parts

20 and 40 on to the body of the nozzle, and all such modifications are held to lie Within the scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims:

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1-- l. A- fuel-spraying nozzle for internalcombustion engines comprising'a plate-like member formed with a projection thereon and having a plurality of-passages extending through said projection, fuel-spraying plugs, respectively mounted in the discharge ends of said passages and a guard-plate attached to the circumference of said member and to said projection and disposed with its outer face meeting smoothly the said end face of said projection and its inner face spaced away from the face of the said membeer to provide a circulation space for cooling Water.

2. A fuelspraying nozzle for internal combustion engines of the solid injection type comprising a plate-like member formed with a projection thereon and having a plurality of passages extending through said projection, a plurality of fuel spraylng plugs respectively mounted in the discharge ends KARL OTTO KELLER.