US11424954B2 - Method for operating a sensor arrangement in a motor vehicle on the basis of a DSI protocol - Google Patents

Method for operating a sensor arrangement in a motor vehicle on the basis of a DSI protocol Download PDF

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US11424954B2
US11424954B2 US16/973,865 US201916973865A US11424954B2 US 11424954 B2 US11424954 B2 US 11424954B2 US 201916973865 A US201916973865 A US 201916973865A US 11424954 B2 US11424954 B2 US 11424954B2
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message
sensor
processing unit
central processing
sending
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US20210184888A1 (en
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Michael Hallek
Marek Lewandowski
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Valeo Schalter und Sensoren GmbH
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Valeo Schalter und Sensoren GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40—Bus networks
    • H04L12/403—Bus networks with centralised control, e.g. polling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40—Bus networks
    • H04L12/4013—Management of data rate on the bus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40—Bus networks
    • H04L2012/40267—Bus for use in transportation systems
    • H04L2012/40273—Bus for use in transportation systems the transportation system being a vehicle

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a sensor arrangement in a motor vehicle on the basis of a DSI protocol, wherein the sensor arrangement has a central processing unit as a master and a plurality of sensor units as slaves controlled by the master, the central processing unit and the sensor units are connected to a bus line and communication between the central processing unit and the sensor units takes place via the bus line.
  • the invention also relates to the use of such a method in a motor vehicle, a sensor arrangement and a vehicle having such a sensor arrangement.
  • the DSI3 bus and the DSI protocol can be used for communication with sensors in vehicles.
  • the DSI Protocol Distributed System Interface see: DSI3 Bus Standard, Revision 1.00 dated 16 Feb. 2011, the specification of which hereby forms part of the disclosure of the present invention by explicit incorporation, is a protocol that allows a sensor network in which a master communicates with one or more slaves via a bus line to be built on the basis of a simple two-wire cable arrangement.
  • the DSI protocol is based primarily on use in motor vehicles, in order to use the master to poll and/or control a plurality of slaves, in particular sensors and actuators.
  • the specification of the DSI protocol stipulates that such a sensor arrangement can be operated in one of two operating classes, these being firstly the “Signal Function Class” and secondly the “Power Function Class”.
  • the protocol also stipulates essentially three different ways in which the bus between the master and the slaves can be used:
  • a bidirectional communication takes place between the master and the slaves.
  • the master sends a command (Command), to which the slaves respond (Response).
  • This method is used, for example, to configure the slaves or to query specific values from a slave selectively.
  • the slaves In the PDCM mode (Periodic Data Collection mode) the slaves transmit comparatively large amounts of data to the master within a specified time slot, wherein the transmission activity of the master is confined to providing the slaves with a reference point for determining this time slot by means of a synchronization signal (Broadcast Read Command).
  • the slaves have already been equipped with information about their respective time slot in advance, so that they respond to the synchronization signal by determining their respective transmission time interval, on the basis of which they can send their sensor data to the master.
  • the above-mentioned Signal Function Class in accordance with the above-mentioned specification is used primarily for the connection of slaves having low energy consumption and a comparatively high volume of data needing to be sent from the slave to the master.
  • a phase of the communication between the master and the slave first takes place in the CRM mode, during which the slave is usually configured, for example in relation to the parameters of the above-mentioned PDCM time slot for this slave.
  • the sensor arrangement changes over to the PDCM mode, in which the slaves always respond to the synchronization signal of the master by transmitting the acquired data to the central entity in the respectively assigned time slot.
  • This phase in the PDCM mode is usually not exited again until the operation of the sensor arrangement is interrupted.
  • a power phase is not provided in accordance with the Signal Function Class, and is also not required on account of the low energy consumption of the slaves.
  • the above-mentioned Power Function Class is used primarily for the connection of slaves having comparatively high energy consumption and a comparatively low volume of data needing to be sent from the master to the slave.
  • phases of the communication between the master and the slave in the CRM mode on the one hand take place alternately with power phases on the other hand.
  • the durations of the power phases are usually highly predominant.
  • Supplying a comparatively large amount of energy to the slaves in these phases at a higher voltage compared to the CRM mode means, in particular, that actuators can be operated, wherein this is usually carried out on the basis of control commands transmitted previously from the master to the slaves in the CRM phase.
  • the PDCM mode is not used in accordance with the Power Function Class, because it is also not required with the above-mentioned actuators, due to the low volume of data.
  • the data transmission follows a fixed schema, specified by the master. This generally involves each slave being assigned a fixed time slot, i.e. a specified period of time relative to a synchronization signal sent by the master, in which data can be transmitted from the respective slave to the master.
  • ASIL “Automotive Safety Integrity Level”
  • ISO 26262 2011 “Road vehicles—functional safety”, which represents an internationally valid standard in the automotive sector for electrical and electronic systems of motor vehicles.
  • the ASIL classification is a risk classification system defined in the aforementioned standard in which an ASIL level can be determined for certain situations or circumstances by using three parameters, various classes being able to be derived from said ASIL level, referring among other things to permissible failure probabilities:
  • ASIL A recommended failure probability less than 10 ⁇ 6 /hour
  • ASIL B recommended failure probability less than 10 ⁇ 7 /hour
  • ASIL C required failure probability less than 10 ⁇ 7 /hour
  • ASIL D required failure probability less than 10 ⁇ 8 /hour
  • ASIL levels A, B, C and D have corresponding requirements for the respective system.
  • ASIL B applies, for example, while ASIL D generally applies to systems for fully autonomous driving.
  • Such functions and in particular also functions based on artificial neural networks (ANNs) require a large amount of data to be transmitted from the sensors (slaves) to the control unit (ECU—“Electronic Control Unit”) that contains the central processing unit (master). Regular operation of such a sensor arrangement using an ANN would no longer be guaranteed, for example, if the payload data rate that can be achieved when transmitting the data from the sensors to the central processing unit is insufficient to transmit all the data required for reliable operation of the ANN to the central processing unit quickly enough.
  • the ANN may in principle also still be ready for use with a smaller amount of data available. However, it must then be expected that the reliability of the output data of the ANN will decrease, so that a specified ASIL level may not be able to be maintained.
  • WO 2016/054345 A1 describes an ultrasound system for monitoring the condition or the integrity of a structure, such as is used in the oil, gas or power generation industry, for example.
  • the system comprises a plurality of ultrasonic sensors and at least one digital sensor interface.
  • DE 10 2013 226 376 A1 describes a method for operating a sensor system with an ultrasonic sensor and a control unit, wherein data are transmitted from the ultrasonic sensor to the control unit on a current-modulated basis and data are transmitted from the control unit to the ultrasonic sensor on a voltage-modulated basis.
  • this solution allows just such a data bus and a LIN data bus to be combined with one another for data transmission to exploit the advantages of both bus systems.
  • DE 10 2012 103 907 A1 describes a method for operating a receiving unit of a motor vehicle control unit connected to a transmitting unit.
  • the receiving unit adds an identifier to the received signal, which identifier contains a virtual address for the transmitting unit.
  • This can be used to connect a sensor unit according to the PSI5 Version1 standard to a motor vehicle control unit that processes signals in the PSI Version2 standard.
  • EP 2 263 102 B1 describes an ultrasound-based driver assistance system having multiple sensors.
  • the sensors are each assigned an individual identification code, which is readable by a control unit via an interface.
  • the interface is a 2-wire bus interface designed to comply with a Peripheral Sensor Interface (PSI).
  • PSI Peripheral Sensor Interface
  • a configurable mode for the DSI3 standard is provided in the present case that can be used to send messages to the various sensors very effectively, namely in a short time. This mode can be selected for certain situations in order to switch back to a conventional mode afterwards.
  • the sending of the second message is started immediately after the sending of the first message has been completed.
  • the second message is sent independently of the receipt of such a response message directly after the first message has been sent.
  • the first sensor does not send a response message on receiving the first message.
  • this method is continued for further sensors.
  • the method is preferably designed in such a way that the method step of sending a further message from the central processing unit to another sensor without the central processing unit waiting to receive a response message from the sensor to which a message has been sent directly beforehand is repeated at least once for yet another sensor.
  • the messages sent from the central processing unit to the sensors can in principle comprise various payload data. However, it is preferable for the messages sent from the central processing unit to the sensors to contain configuration commands for the individual sensors.
  • the invention also relates to a non-volatile, computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon that, when executed on a processor, implement a method as described above.
  • the invention also relates to a sensor arrangement that is set up for operation by means of a method as described above.
  • the sensor arrangement preferably has ultrasonic sensor units for sending and/or receiving ultrasonic signals as sensor units.
  • the master to prescribe, for example by means of a configuration message from the master to all slaves, a behavior for all slaves such that no response is sent for received messages.
  • both the master and the slaves know whether there is a CRM mode, in which a response message (“Response”) from the slaves is required, or a mode without a response message from the slaves.
  • the mode without a response message allows rapid sequential arrangement of multiple messages from the master to the slaves.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a vehicle with a sensor arrangement according to a preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention with a central processing unit as a master and three sensor units as slaves in a daisy-chain configuration and
  • FIG. 2 schematically show a comparison of the CRM mode with a communication mode according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention in which the central processing unit communicates with sensors without the sensors sending response messages.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a vehicle 1 having a sensor arrangement according to a preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • the sensor arrangement 2 has a central processing unit 3 and three sensor units S 1 , S 2 and S 3 .
  • the master 3 and the sensor units S 1 , S 2 , S 3 are connected to each other by means of a bus line 4 , which is in the form of a two-wire line.
  • a bus line 4 which is in the form of a two-wire line.
  • the three sensor units S 1 , S 2 , S 3 and the central processing unit 3 are connected in series with one another, that is to say in what is known as a daisy-chain configuration.
  • the central processing unit 3 is a master as defined by the above-mentioned DSI3 specification, which is connected via the bus line 4 to the three sensor units S 1 , S 2 , S 3 , which act as slaves as defined by the DSI3 specification, so that overall a bus as defined by the DSI3 specification is present. Furthermore, the sensor units S 1 , S 2 , S 3 are ultrasonic sensor units for sending and/or receiving ultrasonic signals, which represent ultrasonic sensor units of a parking assistance system.
  • Section (a) of FIG. 2 shows the communication between the central processing unit 3 and the sensor units S 1 , S 2 , S 3 according to a conventional CRM mode.
  • the depiction shows the chronological sequence for how the central processing unit 3 sends CRM messages CRM 1 , CRM 2 and CRM 3 to the sensor units S 1 , S 2 , S 3 , with a pause in each case between the CRM messages CRM 1 , CRM 2 , CRM 3 .
  • responses R 1 , R 2 , R 3 are returned to the central processing unit by a respective sensor unit S 1 , S 2 , S 3 .
  • responses R 1 , R 2 , R 3 can be, for example, confirmations that a command sent from the central processing unit 3 to the sensors S 1 , S 2 , S 3 has been understood.
  • the responses R 1 , R 2 , R 3 can, however, also provide information about data that have been captured by the sensors S 1 , S 2 , S 3 . All in all, the communication for sending the messages CRM 1 , CRM 2 , CRM 3 and the responses R 1 , R 2 , R 3 takes the time t crm .
  • Section (h) of FIG. 2 depicts the mode according to the preferred embodiment of the invention being described in the present case. It can be seen that here only messages CM 1 , CM 2 , CM 3 are sent by the central processing unit 3 , which are not answered by the sensors S 1 S 2 . S 3 . There are therefore no response messages that would need to be recorded by the central processing unit 3 . The messages CM 1 , CM 2 , CM 3 can therefore be sent immediately one after the other.
  • a fundamental aspect of the preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention being described in the present case is thus also that the messages CM 1 , CM 2 , CM 3 sent to the sensors S 1 , S 2 , S 3 are actually only ever intended for a single sensor S 1 , S 2 , S 3 .
  • the mode of the preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention being described in the present case thus allows fast, individual configuration of the sensors S 1 , S 2 , S 3 , which also allows the entire sensor arrangement 2 to be ready for use quickly.
  • the power consumption is also reduced, which means that all in all an efficient option is provided in cases in which a response from the sensors S 1 , S 2 , S 3 can be dispensed with to ensure that these sensors S 1 , S 2 , S 3 are addressed quickly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
US16/973,865 2018-06-14 2019-05-27 Method for operating a sensor arrangement in a motor vehicle on the basis of a DSI protocol Active US11424954B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018114225.0A DE102018114225A1 (de) 2018-06-14 2018-06-14 Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Sensoranordnung in einem Kraftfahrzeug auf Basis eines DSI-Protokolls
DE102018114225.0 2018-06-14
PCT/EP2019/063563 WO2019238395A1 (de) 2018-06-14 2019-05-27 Verfahren zum betreiben einer sensoranordnung in einem kraftfahrzeug auf basis eines dsi-protokolls

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US20210184888A1 US20210184888A1 (en) 2021-06-17
US11424954B2 true US11424954B2 (en) 2022-08-23

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EP (1) EP3808038A1 (ko)
JP (1) JP7112527B2 (ko)
KR (1) KR102549091B1 (ko)
CN (1) CN112514331B (ko)
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WO (1) WO2019238395A1 (ko)

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DE102018114225A1 (de) 2019-12-19
CN112514331A (zh) 2021-03-16
JP7112527B2 (ja) 2022-08-03
US20210184888A1 (en) 2021-06-17
EP3808038A1 (de) 2021-04-21
CN112514331B (zh) 2023-02-17
KR102549091B1 (ko) 2023-06-28
KR20210018950A (ko) 2021-02-18
JP2021527986A (ja) 2021-10-14
WO2019238395A1 (de) 2019-12-19

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