US11090738B2 - Small-diameter drill and small-diameter drill manufacturing method - Google Patents

Small-diameter drill and small-diameter drill manufacturing method Download PDF

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Publication number
US11090738B2
US11090738B2 US16/644,662 US201816644662A US11090738B2 US 11090738 B2 US11090738 B2 US 11090738B2 US 201816644662 A US201816644662 A US 201816644662A US 11090738 B2 US11090738 B2 US 11090738B2
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diameter
drill
hard coating
chip discharge
less
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US20200384551A1 (en
Inventor
Shogo Yoshioka
Tomoya Sasaki
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Moldino Tool Engineering Ltd
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Moldino Tool Engineering Ltd
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Assigned to MITSUBISHI HITACHI TOOL ENGINEERING, LTD. reassignment MITSUBISHI HITACHI TOOL ENGINEERING, LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SASAKI, TOMOYA, YOSHIOKA, SHOGO
Publication of US20200384551A1 publication Critical patent/US20200384551A1/en
Assigned to MOLDINO TOOL ENGINEERING, LTD. reassignment MOLDINO TOOL ENGINEERING, LTD. CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MITSUBISHI HITACHI TOOL ENGINEERING, LTD.
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
    • B23B51/02—Twist drills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
    • C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
    • C23C14/18—Metallic material, boron or silicon on other inorganic substrates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
    • C23C28/044—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material coatings specially adapted for cutting tools or wear applications
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
    • C23C30/005—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2228/00—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner
    • B23B2228/08—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner applied by physical vapour deposition [PVD]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2228/00—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner
    • B23B2228/10—Coatings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
    • B23B2251/40—Flutes, i.e. chip conveying grooves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
    • B23B2251/40—Flutes, i.e. chip conveying grooves
    • B23B2251/406—Flutes, i.e. chip conveying grooves of special form not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2251/00—Details of tools for drilling machines
    • B23B2251/44—Margins, i.e. the narrow portion of the land which is not cut away to provide clearance on the circumferential surface
    • B23B2251/443—Double margin drills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
    • B23B51/011—Micro drills
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
    • C23C14/34—Sputtering

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an elongated double-margin small-diameter drill in which cutting edges are formed at a cutting edge part of a tip of a drill body that rotates around an axis, first and second margin parts are formed on a land part of an outer periphery of the cutting edge part, the diameter of the cutting edge is 2 mm or less, and the ratio of a margin length and the diameter of each cutting edge is 3 or more, and a small-diameter drill manufacturing method.
  • Patent Literature 1 discloses that surface roughness of a chip discharge groove of drill is set to a maximum height of 1.5S to promote the discharge of chips, and thereby, breakage resistance is improved.
  • the invention has been made under such a background, and an object thereof is to provide the small-diameter drill having stable tool wear and excellent breakage resistance even in a case where it is elongated.
  • the second margin part comes into sliding contact with an inner peripheral surface of a machined hole early by forming the second margin part from the tip flank face to the thinning face in the circumferential direction. As a result, the shaking of the drill body during machining can be suppressed.
  • a manufacturing method of the embodiment of the small-diameter drill described above is the manufacturing method of the small-diameter drill in which a diameter D of a cutting edge is 2 mm or less.
  • the manufacturing method includes a step of forming a hard coating by a sputtering method, and a step of polishing a surface of the hard coating in a chip discharge groove to have skewness (Ssk) defined by ISO25178 of less than 0 by ejecting an abrasive against the surface of the hard coating.
  • Ssk skewness
  • the small-diameter drill having stable tool wear and excellent breakage resistance even in a case where it is elongated.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged front view of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1 as seen from an axis direction tip side.
  • FIG. 3 is an observation photograph ( ⁇ 500 times) of a cutting edge of a small-diameter drill of sample 1 after drilling.
  • the shank part 2 is gripped by a main shaft of a machine tool and is fed to the tip side in the direction of the axis O while being rotated in a drill rotation direction T around the axis O, and thereby, drilling is performed in a workpiece made of metal, such as stainless steel or carbon steel such that a through-hole is formed by the cutting edge part 3 .
  • a tip flank face 5 of a tip of the cutting edge part 3 opens to an outer peripheral part of the cutting edge part 3 , and two chip discharge grooves 6 , which are twisted toward a side opposite to the drill rotation direction T as approaching the rear end side in the direction of the axis O, are formed symmetrically with respect to the axis O.
  • Intersecting ridgeline parts between wall faces of the chip discharge groove 6 , which face the drill rotation direction T, and the tip flank face 5 is formed with a cutting edge 7 each having the wall faces as rake faces.
  • a thinning part 8 is formed at an inner periphery of a tip part of the chip discharge groove 6 so as to be cut away from inner peripheral parts of the wall faces of the chip discharge groove 6 that face the drill rotation direction T to outer peripheries of the wall faces that faces the side opposite to the drill rotation direction T.
  • first margin part 10 a and a second margin part 10 b are formed on an outer peripheral surface of a land part 9 that is a portion between two chip discharge grooves 6 in the outer peripheral part of the cutting edge part 3 .
  • the first margin part 10 a is adjacent to the side of the chip discharge groove 6 opposite to the drill rotation direction T, that is, the cutting edge 7 side.
  • the second margin part 10 b is adjacent to the side of the chip discharge groove 6 in the drill rotation direction T, that is, a heel 11 side.
  • the width in the circumferential direction of the first margin part 10 a is approximately equal to the width in the circumferential direction of the second margin part 10 b in a range of less than about 0.7 times the diameter D from the tip side in the direction of the axis O.
  • a first extension line N 1 which is an extension line extending from the first intersecting ridgeline M 1 in one tip flank face 5 to the other tip flank face 5 side is located on the side in the drill rotation direction T with respect to the first intersecting ridgeline M 1 of the other tip flank face 5 , between the two tip flank faces 5 connected to sides of the two cutting edges 7 opposite to the drill rotation direction T. Therefore, the first intersecting ridgeline M 1 and the first extension line N 1 of the two tip flank faces 5 are parallel to each other as seen from the tip side in the direction of the axis O. Moreover, a distance d 1 between the first extension line N 1 from the one tip flank face 5 and the first intersecting ridgeline M 1 of the other tip flank face 5 is in a range of 0.04 mm to 0.08 mm.
  • the second margin part 10 b is formed in the circumferential direction from the second tip flank face 5 b to the thinning face 8 a .
  • the second margin part 10 b comes into sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the machined hole early.
  • the shaking of the drill body 1 during drilling can be suppressed. Therefore, the straightness of the drilled hole is excellent, and breakage of the drill body 1 resulting from hole bending can be suppressed.
  • the difference between the lengths W of the two linear main cutting edges 7 a that performs main cutting in the cutting edges 7 is 0.04 mm or less.
  • the difference between the lengths W of the two main cutting edges 7 a is ideally 0 mm, it is difficult to set the difference to 0 mm in practice. Hence, it is inevitable that a slight difference occurs.
  • a difference between cutting resistances acting on the two main cutting edges 7 a during drilling can be made small.
  • the distance d 1 is larger than 0.08 mm, there is a concern that the portion of the first tip flank face 5 a having a small flank angle, particularly on the first intersecting ridgeline M 1 side, comes into contact with the bottom of a machined hole to causes an increase in resistance, and wear of the tip flank face 5 is promoted.
  • the distance d 2 is larger than 0.08 mm, in a small-diameter drill in which the diameter D of the cutting edge 7 is 2 mm or less, there is also a concern that the second tip flank face 5 b comes into contact with the bottom of the machined hole to cause an increase in resistance or promotion of wear.
  • skewness defined by ISO25178 among surface roughness in the surface evaluation regarding the surface of the chip discharge groove 6 .
  • skewness (Ssk) is an index representing the relativity of the height distribution. If the hard coating has many protrusion parts, the value of skewness (Ssk) becomes larger than 0. On the other hand, if the hard coating has many recessed parts, the value of skewness (Ssk) becomes smaller than 0.
  • the protrusion parts on the surface of the chip discharge groove 6 can be reduced by setting skewness (Ssk) defined by ISO25178 to less than 0 on the surface of the chip discharge groove 6 .
  • Ssk skewness
  • the chip clogging is easily suppressed, the tool wear is stabilized, and thereby the sudden breakage can also be suppressed.
  • the skewness (Ssk) becomes too large on the minus side, there is a possibility that the number of the recessed part increases and the chip clogging occurs. Therefore, it is desirable that the surface of the chip discharge groove 6 on which the hard coating is formed has a skewness (Ssk) of ⁇ 0.30 or more and less than 0. It is more desirable to set it to ⁇ 0.20 or more and less than 0.
  • the arithmetic mean height Sa ( ⁇ m) of the surface defined by ISO25178 is 0.2 ⁇ m or less with respect to the surface of the chip discharge groove 6 on which the hard coating is formed.
  • the maximum height Sz ( ⁇ m) is 2.0 ⁇ m or less.
  • a polishing method using an abrasive having diamond particles and humidity, and using a mirror finishing apparatus for example, aero wrap (registered trademark) that polishes with a friction force generated by sliding the coating on a substrate at high speed may be selected.
  • the surface roughness of the chip discharge groove 6 to be evaluated in the invention may be obtained by measuring a portion coated with the hard coating.
  • the above-described hard coating made of the nitride has a coating structure in which a nitride containing Ti and Si is provided on an upper layer of the nitride which is a base layer.
  • the nitride has excellent adhesion to the cemented carbide, which is the substrate. Therefore, a coating structure having more excellent durability than a single layer is obtained by forming the nitride containing Ti and Si having excellent wear resistance on the upper layer.
  • the hard coating coated by the sputtering method contains Ar as a nonmetallic element.
  • a content ratio of Ar is desirably 0.5 atomic % or less with respect to the total amount of the metallic element and the nonmetallic element.
  • Example 2 the influence in a case where the surface of the chip discharge groove 6 was coated with the hard coating and smoothed was evaluated.
  • an entire surface of the cutting edge part 3 including the surfaces of the chip discharge groove 6 was first coated with a nitride coating of Al and Ti by about 1 ⁇ m by sputtering method, and then the entire surface was coated with a nitride coating of Ti and Si by about 1 ⁇ m which is an average coating thickness. Then, using the aero wrap which is the mirror finishing apparatus, an abrasive was ejected on the surface of the drill for the smoothing machining.
  • the arithmetic mean height Sa ( ⁇ m), the maximum height Sz ( ⁇ m), and the skewness (Ssk) of the surface defined by ISO25178 for the chip discharge groove 6 formed with the hard coating in the small-diameter drills of samples 1 to 9 were measured.
  • the measurement place was a chip discharge groove 6 including a rake face near the cutting edge.
  • an observation was made at a magnification of 50 times with a cutter value of 0.25 mm using a shape analysis laser microscope (VK-X250) made by KEYENCE CORP. for the measurement, three regions of 60 ⁇ m ⁇ 100 ⁇ m were measured, and a measurement value was calculated from a measurement average in the regions.
  • samples 2 and 3 in which the skewness (Ssk) of the chip discharge groove is less than 0 have a smaller maximum wear width, stable tool wear, and more stable tool damage. It is considered that when the skewness (Ssk) is less than 0, the protrusion parts on the surface of the coating is reduced, and the tool wear is easily stabilized without local wear.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Drilling Tools (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
US16/644,662 2017-09-14 2018-09-07 Small-diameter drill and small-diameter drill manufacturing method Active US11090738B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JPJP2017-176807 2017-09-14
JP2017176807 2017-09-14
JP2017-176807 2017-09-14
PCT/JP2018/033190 WO2019054289A1 (ja) 2017-09-14 2018-09-07 小径ドリルおよび小径ドリルの製造方法

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US11090738B2 true US11090738B2 (en) 2021-08-17

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EP (1) EP3682993B1 (de)
JP (2) JP6828824B2 (de)
WO (1) WO2019054289A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11413690B2 (en) * 2016-04-15 2022-08-16 Moldino Tool Engineering, Ltd. Small-diameter drill bit

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020194899A1 (ja) * 2019-03-22 2020-10-01 株式会社Moldino 被覆切削工具
EP4180156A4 (de) * 2020-07-09 2023-08-16 Sumitomo Electric Hardmetal Corp. Diamantbeschichtetes werkzeug und verfahren zur herstellung davon
CN114082994A (zh) * 2021-11-23 2022-02-25 上海电气电站设备有限公司 一种660mw等级汽轮发电机水冷转子车加工方法
WO2024150374A1 (ja) 2023-01-12 2024-07-18 住友電工ハードメタル株式会社 ドリル

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US2898612A (en) 1954-05-10 1959-08-11 Hofbaner Frank Combined drill and tap having drill lands extending throughout the length of the tapping portion
JP2004122295A (ja) 2002-10-02 2004-04-22 Hitachi Tool Engineering Ltd 深穴加工用ドリル
US20040101379A1 (en) 2002-09-03 2004-05-27 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Drill and production method thereof
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WO2008003973A1 (en) 2006-07-07 2008-01-10 Teer Coatings Limited A method and apparatus for the formation of coatings on drills
JP2010274409A (ja) 2009-05-29 2010-12-09 Hitachi Tool Engineering Ltd マシナブルセラミックス加工用小径ドリル
JP2014015636A (ja) 2012-07-06 2014-01-30 Toyo Advanced Technologies Co Ltd 硬質皮膜、硬質皮膜を有する金型及び工具
JP2016084505A (ja) 2014-10-24 2016-05-19 日立金属株式会社 被覆工具の製造方法
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EP3195971A1 (de) 2014-08-27 2017-07-26 Kyocera Corporation Schneideinsatz, schneidwerkzeug und verfahren zur herstellung eines schneidprodukts

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JP6823434B2 (ja) 2015-12-25 2021-02-03 三星電子株式会社Ｓａｍｓｕｎｇ Ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｉｃｓ Ｃｏ．，Ｌｔｄ． 洗濯機

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WO2008003973A1 (en) 2006-07-07 2008-01-10 Teer Coatings Limited A method and apparatus for the formation of coatings on drills
JP2010274409A (ja) 2009-05-29 2010-12-09 Hitachi Tool Engineering Ltd マシナブルセラミックス加工用小径ドリル
JP2014015636A (ja) 2012-07-06 2014-01-30 Toyo Advanced Technologies Co Ltd 硬質皮膜、硬質皮膜を有する金型及び工具
EP3195971A1 (de) 2014-08-27 2017-07-26 Kyocera Corporation Schneideinsatz, schneidwerkzeug und verfahren zur herstellung eines schneidprodukts
JP2016084505A (ja) 2014-10-24 2016-05-19 日立金属株式会社 被覆工具の製造方法
JP2017109274A (ja) 2015-12-17 2017-06-22 日進工具株式会社 ドリル
CN106756849A (zh) 2016-12-21 2017-05-31 深圳先进技术研究院 一种具有过渡金属硼化物涂层的pcb用微钻及其制备方法

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Supplementary European Search Report dated May 19, 2021, issued for European Patent Application No. 18855697.1.

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11413690B2 (en) * 2016-04-15 2022-08-16 Moldino Tool Engineering, Ltd. Small-diameter drill bit

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EP3682993A1 (de) 2020-07-22
US20200384551A1 (en) 2020-12-10
WO2019054289A1 (ja) 2019-03-21
JP7063403B2 (ja) 2022-05-09
EP3682993B1 (de) 2022-10-26
JPWO2019054289A1 (ja) 2020-05-28
JP6828824B2 (ja) 2021-02-10
EP3682993A4 (de) 2021-06-16
JP2021073101A (ja) 2021-05-13

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