UA95062C2 - Добавка для каталитического крекинга, способ каталитического крекинга исходного сырья с ее использованием и циркулирующая масса частиц катализатора - Google Patents
Добавка для каталитического крекинга, способ каталитического крекинга исходного сырья с ее использованием и циркулирующая масса частиц катализатораInfo
- Publication number
- UA95062C2 UA95062C2 UAA200703816A UAA200703816A UA95062C2 UA 95062 C2 UA95062 C2 UA 95062C2 UA A200703816 A UAA200703816 A UA A200703816A UA A200703816 A UAA200703816 A UA A200703816A UA 95062 C2 UA95062 C2 UA 95062C2
- Authority
- UA
- Ukraine
- Prior art keywords
- catalytic cracking
- feedstock
- additive
- catalyst particles
- circulating inventory
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 title abstract 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title abstract 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title abstract 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 3
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G11/02—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G11/04—Oxides
- C10G11/05—Crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/005—Spinels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/007—Mixed salts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/02—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the alkali- or alkaline earth metals or beryllium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/08—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y
- B01J29/084—Y-type faujasite
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/08—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y
- B01J29/085—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y containing rare earth elements, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, zinc, cadmium, mercury, gallium, indium, thallium, tin or lead
- B01J29/088—Y-type faujasite
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- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
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- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/60—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the type L, as exemplified by patent document US3216789
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
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- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
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- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/78—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65 containing arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/78—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65 containing arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J29/7807—A-type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/78—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65 containing arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J29/7815—Zeolite Beta
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/19—Catalysts containing parts with different compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G11/02—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils characterised by the catalyst used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G11/14—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts
- C10G11/18—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised-bed" technique
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- B01J2229/30—After treatment, characterised by the means used
- B01J2229/42—Addition of matrix or binder particles
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- B01J35/61—Surface area
- B01J35/615—100-500 m2/g
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- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/63—Pore volume
- B01J35/635—0.5-1.0 ml/g
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
- B01J37/0027—Powdering
- B01J37/0045—Drying a slurry, e.g. spray drying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/201—Impurities
- C10G2300/205—Metal content
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/02—Gasoline
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/28—Propane and butane
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
Данное изобретение касается добавок для каталитического крекинга, которые содержат материал, способный улавливать металлы, и высокоактивный катализатор. Данное изобретение касается способов каталитического крекинга исходного сырья, которое включает осуществление контакта указанного исходного сырья в условиях каталитического крекинга с составом, который включает насыпной катализатор и добавку для каталитического крекинга, в которых добавка для каталитического крекинга включает материал, способный улавливать металлы, и высокоактивный катализатор. Данное изобретение также касается способов улучшения рабочих характеристик насыпного катализатора в присутствии как минимум одного металла, которые включают осуществление контакта исходного сырья с добавкой для каталитического крекинга, которая
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US60803804P | 2004-09-08 | 2004-09-08 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
UA95062C2 true UA95062C2 (ru) | 2011-07-11 |
Family
ID=36036944
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
UAA200703816A UA95062C2 (ru) | 2004-09-08 | 2005-09-07 | Добавка для каталитического крекинга, способ каталитического крекинга исходного сырья с ее использованием и циркулирующая масса частиц катализатора |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20060060504A1 (ru) |
EP (1) | EP1793928A4 (ru) |
JP (1) | JP5492378B2 (ru) |
KR (1) | KR20070100877A (ru) |
CN (1) | CN101027128B (ru) |
AU (1) | AU2005282537B2 (ru) |
CA (1) | CA2579299C (ru) |
MX (1) | MX2007002527A (ru) |
RU (1) | RU2376061C2 (ru) |
SG (1) | SG143282A1 (ru) |
TW (1) | TWI400124B (ru) |
UA (1) | UA95062C2 (ru) |
WO (1) | WO2006029129A2 (ru) |
ZA (1) | ZA200702259B (ru) |
Families Citing this family (37)
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US7993623B2 (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2011-08-09 | Albemarle Netherlands B.V. | Additives for removal of metals poisonous to catalysts during fluidized catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons |
EP3878553A1 (en) * | 2006-06-29 | 2021-09-15 | Albemarle Netherlands B.V. | Additives for removal of metals poisonous to catalysts during fluidized catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons |
US9764314B2 (en) * | 2006-11-07 | 2017-09-19 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Control of fluid catalytic cracking process for minimizing additive usage in the desulfurization of petroleum feedstocks |
US9701914B2 (en) * | 2006-11-07 | 2017-07-11 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Advanced control of severe fluid catalytic cracking process for maximizing propylene production from petroleum feedstock |
CO5930068A1 (es) * | 2006-12-06 | 2008-06-27 | Ecopetrol Sa | Proceso de produccion de trampas de vanadio por impregnacion y trampa de vanadio producida por dicho proceso |
US8309780B2 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2012-11-13 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Process for making olefin oligomers and alkyl benzenes in the presence of mixed metal oxide catalysts |
AU2009276694B2 (en) * | 2008-07-28 | 2015-08-06 | Intercat, Inc. | Composition and methods for preferentially increasing yields of one or more selected hydrocarbon products |
EP2321383B1 (en) | 2008-09-05 | 2013-07-03 | Intercat Equipment, Inc. | Material withdrawal apparatus and methods of regulating material inventory in one or more units |
WO2010075507A2 (en) | 2008-12-23 | 2010-07-01 | Intercat Equipment, Inc. | Material withdrawal apparatus and methods of regulating material inventory in one or more units |
WO2010123487A1 (en) * | 2009-04-20 | 2010-10-28 | Bp Oil International Limited | Process for regenerating coked particles |
US20110005968A1 (en) * | 2009-07-07 | 2011-01-13 | Bp Corporation North America Inc. | Coking Process Additives and Related Processes |
US8372269B2 (en) * | 2009-10-02 | 2013-02-12 | Basf Corporation | Heavy metals trapping co-catalyst for FCC processes |
CN102133538B (zh) * | 2010-01-27 | 2014-03-26 | 华东理工大学 | 一种可磁分离的抗重金属助剂及其制备方法和使用方法 |
EP2591070A1 (en) | 2010-07-08 | 2013-05-15 | Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. | Value added spent fluid catalytic cracking catalyst composition and a process for preparation thereof |
US8575062B2 (en) | 2010-11-11 | 2013-11-05 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Hydroconversion multi-metallic catalyst and method for making thereof |
US9168519B2 (en) | 2010-11-11 | 2015-10-27 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Hydroconversion multi-metallic catalyst and method for making thereof |
US8658558B2 (en) | 2010-11-11 | 2014-02-25 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Hydroconversion multi-metallic catalyst and method for making thereof |
US8586500B2 (en) | 2010-11-11 | 2013-11-19 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Hydroconversion multi-metallic catalyst and method for making thereof |
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-
2005
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- 2005-09-07 WO PCT/US2005/031649 patent/WO2006029129A2/en active Application Filing
- 2005-09-07 RU RU2007112934/04A patent/RU2376061C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-09-07 MX MX2007002527A patent/MX2007002527A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2005-09-07 JP JP2007531258A patent/JP5492378B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-09-07 AU AU2005282537A patent/AU2005282537B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-09-07 SG SG200804142-8A patent/SG143282A1/en unknown
- 2005-09-07 UA UAA200703816A patent/UA95062C2/ru unknown
- 2005-09-07 CA CA2579299A patent/CA2579299C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-09-07 EP EP05793940A patent/EP1793928A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-09-07 CN CN2005800300221A patent/CN101027128B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2005-09-07 KR KR1020077007932A patent/KR20070100877A/ko active Search and Examination
- 2005-09-08 TW TW094130936A patent/TWI400124B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 2008-11-25 US US12/277,434 patent/US8197669B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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CN101027128B (zh) | 2011-07-06 |
US20100025297A1 (en) | 2010-02-04 |
WO2006029129A2 (en) | 2006-03-16 |
KR20070100877A (ko) | 2007-10-12 |
EP1793928A2 (en) | 2007-06-13 |
WO2006029129A3 (en) | 2007-01-11 |
US20060060504A1 (en) | 2006-03-23 |
JP2008512553A (ja) | 2008-04-24 |
EP1793928A4 (en) | 2010-10-20 |
US8197669B2 (en) | 2012-06-12 |
RU2007112934A (ru) | 2008-10-20 |
TW200609038A (en) | 2006-03-16 |
CA2579299A1 (en) | 2006-03-16 |
MX2007002527A (es) | 2007-05-09 |
RU2376061C2 (ru) | 2009-12-20 |
SG143282A1 (en) | 2008-06-27 |
CN101027128A (zh) | 2007-08-29 |
TWI400124B (zh) | 2013-07-01 |
AU2005282537B2 (en) | 2011-05-26 |
JP5492378B2 (ja) | 2014-05-14 |
CA2579299C (en) | 2013-05-07 |
ZA200702259B (en) | 2008-06-25 |
AU2005282537A1 (en) | 2006-03-16 |
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