UA53887A - Active separating device of a potato harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

An active separating device of a potato harvester contains a frame and a separating еlevator. The separating elevator includes a driving shaft and an unmovable axis. Pulleys of various diameters are placed unmovably on the shaft and with the possibility of rotation on the axis. The diameters of the pulleys, placed on the driving shaft, increase from the shaft' ends to its centre, and the diameters of the pulleys, placed at the axis, increase from the ends of the axis to its centre. On the pulleys flexible tape elements are placed, which create a continuous curvilinear belt of the elevator and move with different speeds. The flexible tape elements are provided with blades.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular, to separating working 2 bodies and can be applied in potato harvesting machines equipped with an elevator separating device.

It is known that in potato-harvesting machines the separating device is made in the form of a rod elevator (Petrov G.D. Potato harvesting machines. - 2nd ed., reworked and revised - M.: Mashinostroenie, 1984. - 320 p., illustrations). A bar elevator consists of bars connected to each other by hooks, chains or rubber bands, 70 which create an endless grid. To intensify the screening of the soil, the working part of the rod elevator is shaken.

The disadvantage of the known separating device is a low separating capacity, especially on heavy soils with high humidity. During the movement of the tuberous mass along the elevator with a shaking mechanism, the mass is intensively compacted, does not crumble well, therefore it is not sifted satisfactorily. 19 The invention is based on the task of improving the potato harvester by using an active separating device with flexible belt elements that create an endless elevator web and move at different speeds, which allows to ensure its higher separating properties.

The task is achieved by the fact that in the active separating device of the potato harvester, which consists of a frame and a separating elevator according to the invention, it is introduced that the separating elevator consists of a driving shaft and a fixed axis, and pulleys of different diameters are fixed on the shaft, and on the axis - with the possibility of rotation; the diameters of the pulleys installed on the drive shaft increase from the ends of the shaft to its middle, and the diameters of the pulleys installed on the axis decrease from the ends of the axis to its middle; flexible belt elements are installed on the pulleys, which create an endless curved elevator web and move at different speeds; flexible tape elements are equipped with scrapers. This allows more efficient use of trough-shaped plowshares in potato harvesters equipped with this device. "

The separating device significantly stretches the tuberous mass both horizontally - due to the fact that individual flexible belt elements move at different speeds, and vertically - due to the curved shape of the surface of the elevator blade. This creates a "boiling" layer on the surface of the elevator, which contributes to a faster and more complete separation of tubers. in

The essential characteristics set forth in the formula of the invention are aimed at ensuring the operation of the potato harvesting machine on heavy soils with the aim of accelerating and improving the quality of tuber separation on the elevator, reducing the number of separating devices and the number of employed people.

The active separating device of the potato harvester is shown in Fig. 1 - a side view when harvesting potatoes; Fig. 2 - top view. 3o The device consists of a frame 1, on which a fixed axis 2 and a movable drive shaft 3 are located. On the fixed axis 2, pulleys of different diameters 4 are placed, and on the movable drive shaft C, pulleys of various diameters are immovably fixed 5. Flexible belt elements 6 are located on the pulleys , which create an endless web of the elevator and on which the scrapers 7 are installed (in Fig. 1, conditionally not shown). The diagrams also show the working body for selecting the tuberous mass - a trough-shaped ploughshare 8. Z 50 The active separating device of the potato harvester works as follows. When moving the machine along the rows of the potato field, the ploughshare 8 cuts the soil layer of the bed together with the tubers and feeds it to the blade of the separating device. Separation of tubers from the soil occurs due to: a) crushing of the layer when it hits the web of the separating device due to the difference in the speed of the elevator web and the forward speed of the machine; b) collapse of the formation due to a change in the shape of the working surface of the elevator; and c) stretching of the layer material and the emergence of a "boiling" layer on the surface of the elevator web due to the different speed of movement of individual flexible belt elements of the elevator; d) intensive sieving of the soil into the gaps between individual flexible belt elements of the elevator web. o 20 Thus, the proposed scheme of the device of the separating active potato harvester improves the separation of tubers on the elevator of the potato harvester, reduces the number of separating devices, and increases the productivity of the unit.

The device can also be used in the separators of root harvesting machines. with"

Claims (2)

The formula of the invention 1. An active separating device of a potato harvester, which includes a frame and a separating elevator, which is characterized by the fact that the separating elevator contains a drive shaft and a fixed axis, and on the shaft 60 pulleys of different diameters are installed stationary, and on the axis - with the possibility of rotation, on the pulleys are installed flexible belt elements that create an endless curved elevator web and move at different speeds. 2. The device according to claim 1, which differs in that the diameters of the pulleys installed on the drive shaft increase from the ends of the shaft to its middle, and the diameters of the pulleys installed on the axis decrease from both ends to its middle. WITH. The device according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the flexible tape elements are equipped with scrapers. « cha so s so IS c) shi s z 1 (95) (ee) at 50 what 60 b5