TWM601254U - 合成皮 - Google Patents

合成皮 Download PDF

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TWM601254U
TWM601254U TW109207687U TW109207687U TWM601254U TW M601254 U TWM601254 U TW M601254U TW 109207687 U TW109207687 U TW 109207687U TW 109207687 U TW109207687 U TW 109207687U TW M601254 U TWM601254 U TW M601254U
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synthetic leather
polymer layer
functional layer
polymer
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林俊偉
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林俊偉
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Priority to TW109207687U priority Critical patent/TWM601254U/zh
Publication of TWM601254U publication Critical patent/TWM601254U/zh
Priority to US17/340,135 priority patent/US11680368B2/en
Priority to EP21178223.0A priority patent/EP3929351A1/en
Priority to CN202110647545.1A priority patent/CN113818258B/zh

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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
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    • D06N3/183—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with two layers of different macromolecular materials the layers are one next to the other
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    • D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
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    • D06N3/142—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes mixture of polyurethanes with other resins in the same layer
    • D06N3/144—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes mixture of polyurethanes with other resins in the same layer with polyurethane and polymerisation products, e.g. acrylics, PVC
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
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    • B32B5/024—Woven fabric
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Abstract

一種合成皮，包含基布、形成於該基布上的高分子層及覆蓋該高分子層的表面單元，該表面單元為一層功能層、一層印刷層或前述兩層的組合。該高分子層是由以聚乙烯醇縮丁醛為主的組成物所構成，該組成物不包括含有異氰酸酯基的交聯劑。該功能層是由包括主劑的材料所構成，以及該主劑是選自於聚氨酯、環氧樹脂、聚丙烯酸甲酯或聚乙烯醇縮丁醛；當該主劑為聚乙烯醇縮丁醛時，該材料還包括含有異氰酸酯基的交聯劑。本新型合成皮具備耐候性、耐磨性、耐撓曲性等性質，且表面可具有多樣性的印刷圖案。

Description

合成皮
本新型是有關於一種合成皮，特別是指一種含有聚乙烯醇縮丁醛(polyvinyl butyral，以下簡稱PVB)層的合成皮。
參閱圖1，中華民國新型專利公告第M355246號提及一種多功能層疊物，包含織物層100及形成在該織物層100上的第一薄膜層101。該第一薄膜層101是由含有高分子組分的薄膜組成物所構成，該高分子組分是選自於PVB。該多功能層疊物的表面為以PVB為主的第一薄膜層，於實際使用時仍可能存在以下問題：(1)表面PVB層在30°C以上溫度會有黏滯感，導致觸感不佳；(2)表面的耐磨性不足；(3)低溫折角耐撓曲性不佳等。由此可知，對於合成皮與其相關的應用領域來說，以PVB為主的薄膜層不適合作為表面。
通過上述說明可知，雖然PVB能滿足環保的要求，同時也可代替聚氯乙烯(PVC)等材料，但上述所提到的合成皮所需的部分性質仍有待再進一步提升。
因此，本新型之目的，即在提供一種具備耐候性、耐磨性、耐撓曲性(特別是低溫耐撓曲性)且表面觸感佳的合成皮。
於是，本新型合成皮包含基布、形成於該基布上的高分子層，以及覆蓋該高分子層的表面單元，該表面單元為一層功能層、一層印刷層或前述兩層的組合。該高分子層是由以聚乙烯醇縮丁醛為主的組成物所構成，該組成物不包括含有異氰酸酯基的交聯劑。該功能層是由包括主劑的材料所構成，以及該主劑是選自於聚氨酯(polyurethane，PU)、環氧樹脂(epoxy)、聚丙烯酸甲酯(polymethyl acrylate)或PVB；當該主劑為PVB時，該材料還包括含有異氰酸酯基的交聯劑。
在本新型合成皮中，該表面單元為一層功能層。在本新型合成皮中，還包含一層設置在該功能層與該高分子層之間的第二接著層。
在本新型合成皮中，該表面單元為一層印刷層。在本新型合成皮中，還包含一層設置在該印刷層與該高分子層之間的第二接著層。
在本新型合成皮中，該表面單元為一層覆蓋該高分子層的印刷層及一層覆蓋該印刷層的功能層的組合。在本新型合成皮中，還包含一層設置在該印刷層與該高分子層之間的第二接著層。
在本新型合成皮中，該表面單元為一層覆蓋該高分子層的功能層及一層覆蓋該功能層的印刷層的組合。在本新型合成皮中，還包含一層設置在該功能層與該高分子層之間的第二接著層。
在本新型合成皮中，還包含一層形成於該印刷層上的表面功能層。在本新型合成皮中，還包含一層設置在該功能層與該高分子層之間的第二接著層。
在本新型合成皮中，還包含一層第一接著層，設置於該基布與該高分子層之間。
本新型之功效在於：本新型合成皮通過在該由PVB為主的組成物所構成的高分子層上設置該表面單元，而能讓合成皮具備耐候性、耐磨性、耐撓曲性(特別是低溫耐撓曲性)與表面觸感佳等性質，並利於後續的印刷加工作業。
本新型將就以下實施例作進一步說明，但應瞭解的是，該實施例僅為例示說明之用，而不應被解釋為本新型實施之限制。
在本新型被詳細描述之前，應當注意在以下的說明內容中，類似的元件是以相同的編號來表示。
參閱圖2，本新型合成皮的實施例1，包含一層基布1、一層高分子層2及一個表面單元3。該高分子層2是形成於該基布1上，該表面單元3覆蓋該高分子層2。於實施例1的合成皮中，該表面單元3為一層功能層31。
該基布1可選用任何適合用於合成皮的布。該基布1的型態可為織布、不織布等。製作該基布1的材料可例如、但不限於聚酯、尼龍、丙烯酸酯、烯烴、聚氨酯、麻、棉等。該基布1的厚度可以依據合成皮的實際應用進行調整。
該高分子層2是由一組成物所構成，該組成物是以PVB為主要成份，且不包括含有異氰酸酯基的交聯劑。構成該高分子層2的組成物不包括含有異氰酸酯基的交聯劑，以避免該高分子層2質地過硬並可能導致可塑性降低。較佳地，該高分子層2是由一包括PVB及可塑劑組分的組成物所構成，該可塑劑組分是用於幫助該高分子層2與基布1結合，並能增加該高分子層2的可塑性；該可塑劑組分例如、但不限於：乙醯基三丁基檸檬酸酯(Acetyl Tributyl Citrate，ATBC)、乙醯基三辛基檸檬酸酯(Acetyl Trioctyl Citrate，ATOC)、烷基芐基鄰苯二甲酸酯(Alkyl Benzyl Phthalate)、烷基鄰苯二甲酸酯(Alkyl Phthalate)、亞麻子油(Blown Linseed Oil)、丁基芐基鄰苯二甲酸酯(Butyl Benzyl Phthalate)、丁基蓖麻醇酸酯 (Butyl Ricinoleate)、蓖麻油(Castor Oil)、二烷基己二酸酯(Dialkyl Adipate)、二烷基鄰苯二甲酸酯(Dialkyl Phthalate)、二丁基鄰苯二甲酸酯(Dibutyl Phthalate，DBP)、二己基己二酸酯(Dihexyl Adipate)、二異壬基環己烷-二羧酸酯(Diisononyl Cyclohexane-dicarboxylate，DINCH)、二辛基己二酸酯(Dioctyl Adipate，DOA)、二辛基鄰苯二甲酸酯(Dioctyl Phthalate，DOP)、己二醇二丁酸酯(Glycol Di-butyrate)、異癸基二苯基膦酸酯(Isodecyl Diphenyl Phosphate)、正乙基甲苯磺醯胺(n-Ethyl Toluenesulfonamide)、聚乙二醇(Polyethylene Glycol)、第三丁基苯基二苯基膦酸酯(tert-Butylphenyl Diphenyl Phosphate)、甲苯磺醯胺(Toluenesulfonamide)、三芳基膦酸酯摻合物(Triaryl Phosphate Ester Blend)、三丁基檸檬酸酯(Tributyl Citrate，TBC)、三甲苯基膦酸酯(Tricresyl Phosphate，TCP)、三乙基檸檬酸酯(Triethyl Citrate，TEC)、三乙烯(Triethylene)、三乙二醇-二-2-乙基己酸酯(Triethylene Glycol Di-2-ethylhexanoate)、三苯基膦酸酯(Triphenyl Phosphate，TPP)、2-乙基己基二苯基膦酸酯(2-Ethylhexyl Diphenyl Phosphate)以及此等之一組合。
構成該高分子層2的組成物可選擇地包含其他成分，例如但不限於：不含有異氰酸酯基的交聯劑、滑劑、抗氧化劑、紫外線吸收劑、高分子改質劑、色料以及填充劑。該滑劑是選自於由下列所構成之群組：聚乙烯蠟、硬脂酸、硬脂酸鋅、硬脂酸鈣及前述的組合。
該高分子改質劑則是選自於由下列所構成之群組：聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(Polymethyl Methacrylate，簡稱為PMMA)、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(Ethylene-Vinyl-Acetate Copolymer，簡稱為EVA)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(Methyl Methacrylate-Butadiene-Styrene Copolymer，簡稱為MBS)、苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物(Styrene-Butadiene Copolymer，簡稱為SBC)以及此等之一組合。其係用於調整該高分子層2的硬度、耐衝擊性、耐寒性及耐撓曲性等物性。
該高分子層2的厚度可依據實際需求進行調整，較佳地，該高分子層2的厚度範圍為0.03~0.8 mm。
該功能層31是由一材料所構成，該材料包括主劑。該主劑為該材料的主要成分且選自於聚氨酯、環氧樹脂、聚丙烯酸甲酯或PVB。當該主劑為PVB時，該材料還包括含有異氰酸酯基的交聯劑，使得所製得的功能層31的硬度高於該高分子層2的硬度。
較佳地，該材料可依據所選用的主劑，選擇地包括交聯劑、消光劑、色料、滑劑等可滿足合成皮所需表面性質的試劑。該消光劑例如但不限於二氧化矽。
該功能層31的厚度可依據實際需求進行調整，較佳地，該功能層31的厚度範圍為0.01~0.12 mm。
構成該功能層31的材料可例如但不限於下表所列舉的材料組成：
  主劑 材料組成 材料型態 乾燥後的功能層厚度(mm)
組成名稱 用量(重量份)
1 聚氨酯 聚氨酯溶液 100 油性溶液 0.01~0.12
油性異氰酸酯交聯劑 3~50
粉體二氧化矽 0~20
聚乙烯蠟 0~20
2 PVB PVB溶液 100 油性溶液 0.01~0.12
油性異氰酸酯交聯劑 3~50
粉體二氧化矽 0~25
聚乙烯蠟 0~20
3 環氧 樹脂 環氧樹脂溶液 101 油性溶液 0.01~0.12
粉體二氧化矽 0~15
聚乙烯蠟 0~10
4 聚氨酯 水性聚氨酯 100 水性懸浮液 0.01~0.12
水性異氰酸酯交聯劑 3~50
粉體二氧化矽 0~20
聚乙烯蠟 0~20
5 聚丙烯酸甲酯 水性聚丙烯酸甲酯 100 水性懸浮液 0.01~0.12
水性異氰酸酯交聯劑 3~50
粉體二氧化矽 0~20
聚乙烯蠟 0~20
6 聚氨酯 熱塑性聚氨酯 100 固體 0.05~0.30
色料 0~12
碳酸鈣 0~30
較佳地，該實施例1的合成皮還包含一層設置在該功能層31與該高分子層2之間的第二接著層(未顯示於圖2中)。較佳地，該第二接著層的厚度範圍為0.01~0.08 mm。
該第二接著層可使用如下表的接著劑：
  材料組成 材料性質 乾燥後的第二接著層厚度(mm)
組成名稱 用量(重量份)
1 聚氨酯溶液 100 油性 0.01~0.08
油性異氰酸酯交聯劑 3~100
2 PVB溶液 100 油性 0.01~0.08
油性異氰酸酯交聯劑 10~150
3 水性聚氨酯 100 水性 0.01~0.08
水性異氰酸酯交聯劑 3~100
4 水性PVB 100 水性 0.01~0.08
水性異氰酸酯交聯劑 3~150
實施例1的合成皮可以運用已知製程進行製備，例如：利用塗佈方式，於基布1上塗佈該組成物，之後再乾燥形成該高分子層2；接著再依據欲形成的功能層31以及主劑種類，選擇使用塗佈或壓延貼合方式形成功能層31，其中，若組成物為水性懸浮液或油性溶液，可選用塗佈方式；若組成物為固體，則選用壓延貼合方式。
本新型合成皮的實施例2如圖3所示，於結構上與實施例1類似，不同處在於：實施例2的表面單元3為一層印刷層32。
形成該印刷層32的材料可選用一般水性油墨或油性油墨，且為了穩定覆蓋該高分子層2，形成該印刷層32的油墨也可以包含PVB，例如使用含有100重量份PVB溶液、0~25重量份的二氧化矽、0~20重量份的聚乙烯蠟及3~15重量份的油性色料。
較佳地，該實施例2的合成皮還包含一層設置在該印刷層32與該高分子層2之間的第二接著層(未顯示於圖3中)。較佳地，該第二接著層的厚度範圍為0.01~0.08 mm。形成該第二接著層的接著劑如實施例1所述。
本新型合成皮的實施例3如圖4所示，於結構上與實施例1類似，不同處在於：實施例3的表面單元3為一層覆蓋該高分子層的印刷層32及一層覆蓋該印刷層32的功能層31的組合。
形成該印刷層32的油墨可以例如下表所列舉的油墨：
  油墨組成 油墨屬性 乾燥後的印刷層厚度(mm)
組成名稱 用量(重量份)
1 聚氨酯溶液 100 油性液 0.01~0.12
二氧化矽 0~20
聚乙烯蠟 0~20
油性色料 3~15
2 PVB溶液 100 油性液 0.01~0.11
二氧化矽 0~25
聚乙烯蠟 0~20
油性色料 3~15
3 水性聚氨酯 100 水性懸浮液 0.01~0.12
二氧化矽 0~25
聚乙烯蠟 0~20
水性色料 5~10
4 水性聚丙烯酸甲酯 100 水性懸浮液 0.01~0.08
二氧化矽 0~25
聚乙烯蠟 0~20
水性色料 5~10
較佳地，該實施例3的合成皮還包含一層設置在該印刷層32與該高分子層2之間的第二接著層(未顯示於圖4中)。較佳地，該第二接著層的厚度範圍為0.01~0.08 mm。形成該第二接著層的接著劑如實施例1所述。
本新型合成皮的實施例4如圖5所示，於結構上與實施例1類似，不同處在於：實施例4的表面單元3為一層覆蓋該高分子層的功能層31及一層覆蓋該功能層31的印刷層32的組合。
較佳地，該實施例4的合成皮還包含一層設置在該功能層31與該高分子層2之間的第二接著層(未顯示於圖5中)。較佳地，該第二接著層的厚度範圍為0.01~0.08 mm。形成該第二接著層的接著劑如實施例1所述。
本新型合成皮的實施例5如圖6所示，於結構上與實施例4類似，不同處在於：實施例5的合成皮還包含一形成在該印刷層32上的表面功能層4。
該表面功能層4與功能層31於組成、製備方法及厚度範圍上類似，可參照實施例1的功能層31進行製備。
較佳地，該實施例5的合成皮還包含一層設置在該功能層31與該高分子層2之間的第二接著層(未顯示於圖6中)。較佳地，該第二接著層的厚度範圍為0.01~0.08 mm。形成該第二接著層的接著劑如實施例1所述。
在實施例1至5的合成皮中，還可選擇地包含一層設置於該基布1與該高分子層2之間的第一接著層。該第一接著層的厚度範圍及選用的接著劑可參酌上述第二接著層的內容。以實施例5的合成皮為例，當合成皮選擇地還包含第一接著層及第二接著層時，其結構如圖7所示，該合成皮包含一層設置在該基布1與該高分子層2之間的第一接著層5，以及一層設置在該功能層31與該高分子層2之間的第二接著層6。
綜上所述，本新型合成皮的表面非為PVB為主的高分子層，不會存在於30°C以上溫度發生表面黏滯感所導致的觸感不佳、表面耐磨性不足以及低溫折角耐撓曲性不佳等問題，故確實能達成本新型之目的。
惟以上所述者，僅為本新型之實施例而已，當不能以此限定本新型實施之範圍，凡是依本新型申請專利範圍及專利說明書內容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆仍屬本新型專利涵蓋之範圍內。
1:基布 2:高分子層 3:表面單元 31:功能層 32:印刷層 4:表面功能層 5:第一接著層 6:第二接著層
本新型之其他的特徵及功效，將於參照圖式的實施方式中清楚地呈現，其中： 圖1是習知含有PVB之層疊物的側視示意圖； 圖2是本新型合成皮的實施例1的側視示意圖； 圖3是本新型合成皮的實施例2的側視示意圖； 圖4是本新型合成皮的實施例3的側視示意圖； 圖5是本新型合成皮的實施例4的側視示意圖； 圖6是本新型合成皮的實施例5的側視示意圖；及 圖7是本新型合成皮的實施例5選擇性包含第一接著層與第二接著層的側視示意圖。
1:基布
2:高分子層
3:表面單元
31:功能層

Claims (12)

  1. 一種合成皮，包含： 基布； 高分子層，形成於該基布上且由以聚乙烯醇縮丁醛為主的組成物所構成，該組成物不包括含有異氰酸酯基的交聯劑；及 表面單元，覆蓋該高分子層且為一層功能層、一層印刷層或前述兩層的組合； 其中，該功能層是由包括主劑的材料所構成，以及該主劑是選自於聚氨酯、環氧樹脂、聚丙烯酸甲酯或聚乙烯醇縮丁醛；當該主劑為聚乙烯醇縮丁醛時，該材料還包括含有異氰酸酯基的交聯劑。
  2. 如請求項1所述的合成皮，其中，該表面單元為一層功能層。
  3. 如請求項2所述的合成皮，還包含一層設置在該功能層與該高分子層之間的第二接著層。
  4. 如請求項1所述的合成皮，其中，該表面單元為一層印刷層。
  5. 如請求項4所述的合成皮，還包含一層設置在該印刷層與該高分子層之間的第二接著層。
  6. 如請求項1所述的合成皮，其中，該表面單元為一層覆蓋該高分子層的印刷層及一層覆蓋該印刷層的功能層的組合。
  7. 如請求項6所述的合成皮，還包含一層設置在該印刷層與該高分子層之間的第二接著層。
  8. 如請求項1所述的合成皮，其中，該表面單元為一層覆蓋該高分子層的功能層及一層覆蓋該功能層的印刷層的組合。
  9. 如請求項8所述的合成皮，還包含一層設置在該功能層與該高分子層之間的第二接著層。
  10. 如請求項8所述的合成皮，還包含一層形成於該印刷層上的表面功能層。
  11. 如請求項10所述的合成皮，還包含一層設置在該功能層與該高分子層之間的第二接著層。
  12. 如請求項1至11中任一項所述的合成皮，還包含一層第一接著層，設置於該基布與該高分子層之間。
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