TWI853948B - 外用組成物 - Google Patents
外用組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI853948B TWI853948B TW109119485A TW109119485A TWI853948B TW I853948 B TWI853948 B TW I853948B TW 109119485 A TW109119485 A TW 109119485A TW 109119485 A TW109119485 A TW 109119485A TW I853948 B TWI853948 B TW I853948B
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Abstract
本發明的目的在於提供一種具有更高的美白效果的外用組成物。外用組成物藉由格外提高黑色素生成抑制效果,發揮更加提高的美白效果,所述外用組成物的特徵在於:含有(A)抗壞血酸及/或其衍生物、(B)木蘭科木蘭屬植物的萃取物、(C)李子的萃取物、以及(D)櫻葉的萃取物。
Description
本發明是有關於一種美白效果得到提高的外用組成物。
已知皮膚的斑點、雀斑、暗沈、黑斑、肝斑、老年性色素斑等色素沈積是由於紫外線曝露、激素異常或物理性刺激等原因,黑色素過剩地形成,其於皮膚內沈積,由此而產生。此種皮膚的色素沈積特別是對女性來說是美容上的一大煩惱。
先前,抗壞血酸及其衍生物等抑制黑色素生成及/或對生成黑色素進行稀釋的成分作為所謂的美白成分而為人所知,以獲得皮膚的色素沈積抑制效果為目的而廣泛用於美白用的外用組成物中。然而,可以說現狀是若將皮膚的色素沈積抑制效果僅依賴於美白成分的作用尚無法充分滿足消費者的需求。
因此,正在研究提高由美白成分帶來的皮膚的色素沈積抑制效果的配方。例如於專利文獻1中記載有於外用組成物中,藉由在抗壞血酸及其衍生物中併用木蘭科木蘭屬植物的萃取物,可提高黑色素的生成抑制作用,從而獲得優異的美白效果,進而,記載有藉由調配薔薇科櫻屬植物的果肉、具體而言李子的萃取物,可提高美白效果。
植物萃取物的香妝學的效果亦進行有其他各種各樣的
研究。例如,關於櫻花萃取物,於專利文獻2中揭示有抗過敏劑、活性氧消除劑、過氧化脂質抑制劑,含有使用櫻花的葉的水、乙醇、1,3-丁二醇、或該些兩種以上的混合液而獲得的萃取物,於專利文獻3中揭示一種皮膚用保濕劑,其進而含有可選擇櫻花萃取物(extract)的第一成分、與規定的第二成分作為有效成分,且第一成分具有增強皮膚保濕作用的效果,同時提高細胞的抗氧化力,抑制活性氧。即,已知櫻花萃取物具有抗過敏效果、活性氧消除效果、過氧化脂質抑制效果、保濕作用增強效果等。
[專利文獻1]日本專利特開2017-66080號公報
[專利文獻2]日本專利特開平8-245409號公報
[專利文獻3]日本專利特開2008-115098號公報
消費者對美白的要求逐年提高,亦考慮迄今的美白劑無法滿足消費者的要求的情況。今後,為了追隨消費者日益提高的要求,亦期望開發出美白效果更加高的外用組成物。
因此,本發明的目的在於提供一種具有更高的美白效果的外用組成物。
本發明者進行了努力研究,結果發現,藉由在包含抗壞
血酸及/或其衍生物、木蘭科木蘭屬植物的萃取物、及李子的萃取物的外用組成物中調配迄今未報告有美白效果的櫻葉萃取物,外用組成物的美白效果得到格外提高。本發明是基於所述見解,並藉由進一步反覆研究而完成者。即,本發明提供下述揭示的態樣的發明。
項1. 一種外用組成物,其特徵在於:含有(A)抗壞血酸及/或其衍生物、(B)木蘭科木蘭屬植物的萃取物、(C)李子的萃取物、以及(D)櫻葉的萃取物。
項2. 如項1所述的外用組成物,其中所述(B)成分為厚樸的萃取物。
項3. 如項1或項2所述的外用組成物,其中所述(A)成分為抗壞血酸2-葡萄糖苷。
項4. 如項1至項3中任一項所述的外用組成物,其中所述(D)成分的含量以乾燥重量換算計為0.00001重量%~0.1重量%。
項5. 如項1至項4中任一項所述的外用組成物,其中所述(D)成分的含量以乾燥重量換算計為0.008重量%~0.1重量%。
項6. 如項1至項5中任一項所述的外用組成物,其用於美白。
根據本發明的外用組成物,藉由黑色素生成抑制效果格外提高,可獲得更加提高的美白效果。
圖1表示將本發明的外用組成物適用於臉頰具有老年性色素斑的女性時的、適用前後的黑色素值的變化。
本發明的外用組成物的特徵在於:含有抗壞血酸及/或其衍生物(亦有時表述為(A)成分)、木蘭科木蘭屬植物的萃取物(亦有時表述為(B)成分)、李子的萃取物(亦有時表述為(C)成分)、以及櫻葉的萃取物(亦有時表述為(D)成分)。以下,對本發明的外用組成物進行詳細敘述。
(A)抗壞血酸及/或其衍生物
本發明的外用組成物含有抗壞血酸及/或其衍生物作為(A)成分。抗壞血酸及/或其衍生物是具有抗氧化作用,已知美白效果的公知的成分。
關於本發明中所使用的抗壞血酸及其衍生物,只要於藥學上或香妝學上容許,則並無特別限制,例如可列舉:抗壞血酸;抗壞血酸2-葡萄糖苷;抗壞血酸單硬脂酸酯、抗壞血酸單棕櫚酸酯、抗壞血酸單油酸酯等抗壞血酸單烷基酯類;抗壞血酸單磷酸酯及其鎂鹽等抗壞血酸單酯類;抗壞血酸二硬脂酸酯、抗壞血酸二棕櫚酸酯、抗壞血酸二油酸酯等抗壞血酸二烷基酯類;抗壞血酸二磷酸酯及其鹽等抗壞血酸二酯類;抗壞血酸三硬脂酸酯、抗壞血酸三棕櫚酸酯、抗壞血酸三油酸酯等三烷基酯類;抗壞血酸三磷酸酯等抗壞血酸三酯類;3-O-乙基,6-乙醯基-抗壞血酸、3-O-乙基,6-丁基抗壞血酸、3-O-乙基,6-月桂醯基抗壞血酸、3-O-乙基,6-
棕櫚醯基抗壞血酸、3-O-乙基,6-油醯基抗壞血酸、3-O-乙基,6-硬脂醯基抗壞血酸、3-O-乙基,6-苯甲醯基-抗壞血酸等。該些抗壞血酸及其衍生物可為L體或D體的任一種,較佳為可列舉L體。
該些抗壞血酸及其衍生物可單獨使用一種,另外亦可組合使用兩種以上。於該些抗壞血酸及其衍生物中,就穩定性或美白效果等觀點而言,可列舉較佳為抗壞血酸的衍生物,進而佳為抗壞血酸2-葡萄糖苷。
關於本發明的外用組成物中的(A)成分的含量,只要根據該外用組成物的製劑形態等適宜設定即可,例如可列舉0.1重量%~10重量%,較佳為0.3重量%~8重量%,進而佳為0.5重量%~7重量%。
(B)木蘭科木蘭屬植物的萃取物
本發明的外用組成物含有木蘭科木蘭屬植物的萃取物作為(B)成分。本發明的外用組成物藉由包含(B)成分,提高黑色素的生成抑制作用,能夠發揮優異的美白效果。
木蘭科木蘭屬植物的萃取物可藉由使用木蘭科木蘭屬植物作為萃取原料並進行溶媒萃取處理來獲得。
作為用作萃取原料的木蘭科木蘭屬植物,可列舉「原色世界植物大圖鑑」(1986年4月20日初版發行,北隆館股份有限公司)中所登載者等,具體可列舉:凹葉厚樸(magnolia biloba)、望春花、白玉蘭、辛夷(山蘭、辛夷椒、芋植花)、木蘭(木蘭華、紫木蘭)、唐厚木(中國厚樸)、武當木蘭(magnolia sprengeri)、
厚樸(保寶葉、保寶葉木、馬舌花)等。自該些萃取原料植物中,可單獨使用一種植物,另外亦可組合使用兩種以上的植物。於該些萃取原料中,就發揮更加優異的美白效果的觀點而言,較佳為可列舉厚樸。
木蘭科木蘭屬植物的萃取物只要是自該植物的樹皮中萃取者即可,作為萃取對象的部位除樹皮以外,視需要亦可包含花、花穗、果皮、果實、莖、葉、枝、枝葉、幹、根莖、根、種子等,進而亦可為全樹。
另外,作為木蘭科木蘭屬植物的溶媒萃取處理中所使用的萃取溶媒,例如可列舉:水;甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、異丙醇、丁醇、異丁醇等碳數1~5的低級醇;丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、甘油等多元醇;及該些的混合液等。於該些萃取溶媒中,可列舉:較佳為水、碳數1~5的低級醇與水的混合液、多元醇與水的混合液,進而佳為水、乙醇與水的混合液、1,3-丁二醇與水的混合液、丙二醇與水的混合液。
於使用碳數1~5的低級醇及/或多元醇與水的混合液作為萃取溶媒的情況下,關於碳數1~5的低級醇及/或多元醇的濃度,並無特別限制,例如可列舉碳數1~5的低級醇及/或多元醇的合計為20重量%~90重量%,較佳為30重量%~85重量%。
木蘭科木蘭屬植物的萃取物可藉由利用所述萃取溶媒對所述萃取對象植物部位直接或視需要乾燥、細切、破碎、壓榨、酶處理、煮沸或發酵處理後而得者進行萃取而獲得。作為溶媒萃
取處理,可採用通常所使用的植物萃取物的萃取方法,具體可列舉:冷浸、溫浸等浸漬法;於加溫下攪拌的方法;或者滲濾(percolation)法等。
藉由所述溶媒萃取處理而獲得的萃取物可直接以液狀狀態使用,另外,視需要亦可供於濃縮、乾燥等處理而用作濃縮物或乾燥物。另外,可於濃縮或乾燥後,利用非溶解性溶媒清洗所獲得的濃縮物或乾燥物並加以精製來使用,另外亦可將其進而溶解或懸浮於適當的溶劑中來使用。
另外,作為木蘭科木蘭屬植物的萃取物,亦可使用可簡便地以商業方式獲取者。例如,作為厚樸樹皮的萃取物,可列舉一丸自然美(ichimaru pharcos)股份有限公司製造的「Pharcolex厚樸B」、「Pharcolex厚樸E」等。
關於本發明的外用組成物中的(B)成分的含量,只要根據該外用組成物的製劑形態等適宜設定即可,例如可列舉:以(B)成分的乾燥重量換算計,為0.00001重量%以上,具體而言為0.00001重量%~0.1重量%。就發揮更加優異的美白效果的觀點而言,作為本發明的外用組成物中的(B)成分的含量,可列舉:以(B)成分的乾燥重量換算計,較佳為0.00005重量%~0.05重量%,進而佳為0.0001重量%~0.01重量%,特佳為0.0008重量%~0.003重量%。
另外,於本發明的外用組成物中,(A)成分與(B)成分的比率根據所述各含量來決定,就發揮更加優異的美白效果的
觀點而言,可列舉:相對於(A)成分100重量份,以(B)成分的乾燥重量換算計為0.001重量份以上,較佳為0.001重量份~1重量份,更佳為0.005重量份~0.5重量份,進而佳為0.01重量份~0.1重量份,特佳為0.04重量份~0.1重量份。
(C)李子的萃取物
於本發明的外用組成物中包含李子的萃取物作為(C)成分。本發明的外用組成物藉由包含(C)成分,能夠更加提高美白效果。
李子的萃取物可藉由使用李子作為萃取原料並進行溶媒萃取處理來獲得。
用作萃取原料的李子是薔薇科櫻屬李亞屬的李子類,具體可列舉「原色世界植物大圖鑑」(1986年4月20日初版發行,北隆館股份有限公司)中所登載者等,更具體可列舉:李子(西洋李、歐洲李)、杏、梅(mume)、李等。自該些萃取原料植物中,可單獨使用一種植物,另外亦可組合使用兩種以上的植物。於該些萃取原料中,就更加提高美白效果的提昇作用的觀點而言,較佳為可列舉李子(西洋李、歐洲李)。
李子的萃取物只要為自該植物的果肉中萃取者即可,但作為萃取對象的植物部位除果肉以外,視需要亦可包含果皮、種子等。
另外,作為李子的萃取處理中所使用的萃取溶媒,例如可列舉:水;甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、異丙醇、丁醇、異丁醇等碳數1~5的低級醇;丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、1,2-丁二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,5-
戊二醇、1,2-戊二醇、1,3-戊二醇、1,4-戊二醇、1,3,5-戊三醇等多元醇;苯氧基乙醇、對羥基苯甲酸酯(paraben)、對羥基苯甲酸乙酯、對羥基苯甲酸甲酯、對羥基苯甲酸丙酯;及該些的混合液等。於該些萃取溶媒中,可列舉:較佳為水、多元醇與水的混合液、碳數1~5的低級醇與水的混合液,進而佳為水、1,3-丁二醇與水的混合液。
於使用碳數1~5的低級醇及/或多元醇與水的混合液作為萃取溶媒的情況下,關於碳數1~5的低級醇及/或多元醇的濃度,並無特別限制,例如可列舉碳數1~5的低級醇及/或多元醇的合計為20重量%~90重量%,較佳為30重量%~85重量%。
李子的萃取物可藉由利用所述萃取溶媒對所述萃取對象植物部位直接或視需要乾燥、細切、破碎、壓榨、酶處理、煮沸或發酵處理後而得者進行萃取處理而獲得。特別是於本發明中,供於萃取處理的薔薇科櫻屬植物理想的是預先供於酶處理。藉由將經酶處理的李子用作萃取原料,能夠獲得提高美白效果的作用格外高的萃取物。
關於李子的酶處理中所使用的酶,只要為可分解果肉中的纖維素的纖維素分解酶即可,具體可列舉:纖維素酶、半纖維素酶、果膠酶等。該些酶可單獨使用一種,另外亦可組合使用兩種以上。
另外,關於酶處理條件,並無特別限制,只要設定為所使用的酶的作用溫度及作用pH的範圍內,至以獲得所期望的效果
的方式進行酶反應為止進行即可,例如可列舉於20℃~45℃下反應3小時~24小時的條件。於對李子進行酶處理後,視需要藉由加熱等使酶失活,並供於溶媒萃取處理即可。
作為溶媒萃取處理,可採用通常所使用的植物萃取物的萃取方法,具體可列舉:冷浸、溫浸等浸漬法;於加溫下攪拌的方法;或者滲濾法等。
藉由所述溶媒萃取處理而獲得的萃取物可直接以液狀狀態使用,另外,視需要亦可供於濃縮、乾燥等處理而用作濃縮物或乾燥物。另外,可於濃縮或乾燥後,利用非溶解性溶媒清洗所獲得的濃縮物或乾燥物並加以精製來使用,另外亦可將其進而溶解或懸浮於適當的溶劑中來使用。
另外,作為李子的萃取物或經酶處理的李子的萃取物,亦可使用可簡便地以商業方式獲取者。例如,作為經酶分解的李子的萃取物,可列舉一丸自然美(ichimaru pharcos)股份有限公司製造的「Crearge」等。
關於本發明的外用組成物中的(C)成分的含量,只要根據該外用組成物的製劑形態等適宜設定即可,例如可列舉:以(C)成分的乾燥重量換算計為0.00001重量%以上,具體而言為0.00001重量%~0.1重量%。就更加提高提昇美白效果的作用的觀點而言,作為本發明的外用組成物中的(C)成分的含量,可列舉:以(C)成分的乾燥重量換算計,較佳為0.00005重量%~0.01重量%,進而佳為0.0001重量%~0.001重量%,特佳為0.0005重量
%~0.001重量%。
另外,於本發明的外用組成物中,(B)成分與(C)成分的比率根據所述各含量來決定,就發揮更加優異的美白效果的觀點而言,可列舉:相對於(B)成分100重量份(乾燥重量換算),以(C)成分的乾燥重量換算計,為1重量份以上,較佳為1重量份~5000重量份,更佳為5重量份~500重量份,進而佳為5重量份~100重量份,特佳為10重量份~100重量份,最佳為50重量份~80重量份。
(D)櫻葉的萃取物
於本發明的外用組成物中包含櫻葉的萃取物作為(D)成分。本發明的外用組成物藉由與(A)成分、(B)成分及(C)成分一起包含(D)成分,能夠更加提高美白效果。
櫻葉的萃取物可藉由使用櫻葉作為萃取原料並進行溶媒萃取處理來獲得。
用作萃取原料的櫻是薔薇科櫻屬櫻亞族的櫻類,具體可列舉「原色世界植物大圖鑑」(1986年4月20日初版發行,北隆館股份有限公司)中所登載者等,更具體可列舉:霞櫻(毛山櫻)、丁子櫻、犬櫻、上溝櫻、山櫻、豆櫻(富士櫻)、垂枝櫻(垂櫻)、寒山櫻(關山櫻)、大島櫻、深山櫻、日本櫻、千島櫻、江戶彼岸櫻(婆彼岸櫻)、大山櫻、刺葉桂櫻(刺葉稠李)、日本稠李(padus ssiori)(深山犬櫻、敷折櫻)、彼岸櫻(小彼岸櫻)、染井吉野櫻、堅核桂櫻(毗蘭、毗蘭樹)、華中櫻(prunus conradinae)等。自
該些萃取原料植物中,可單獨使用一種植物,另外亦可組合使用兩種以上的植物。於該些萃取原料中,就更加提高美白效果的提昇作用的觀點而言,較佳為可列舉染井吉野櫻。
另外,作為櫻葉的萃取處理中所使用的萃取溶媒,例如可列舉:水;甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、異丙醇、丁醇、異丁醇等碳數1~5的低級醇;丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、1,2-丁二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,5-戊二醇、1,2-戊二醇、1,3-戊二醇、1,4-戊二醇、1,3,5-戊三醇等多元醇;苯氧基乙醇、對羥基苯甲酸酯、對羥基苯甲酸乙酯、對羥基苯甲酸甲酯、對羥基苯甲酸丙酯;及該些的混合液等。於該些萃取溶媒中,可列舉較佳為水、多元醇與水的混合液、碳數1~5的低級醇與水的混合液,進而佳為碳數1~5的低級醇與水的混合液。
於使用碳數1~5的低級醇及/或多元醇與水的混合液作為萃取溶媒的情況下,關於碳數1~5的低級醇及/或多元醇的濃度,並無特別限制,例如可列舉碳數1~5的低級醇及/或多元醇的合計為20重量%~90重量%,較佳為30重量%~85重量%。
櫻葉的萃取物可藉由利用所述萃取溶媒對櫻類的葉直接或視需要乾燥、細切、破碎、壓榨、酶處理、煮沸或發酵處理後而得者進行萃取處理而獲得。作為溶媒萃取處理,可採用通常所使用的植物萃取物的萃取方法,具體可列舉:冷浸、溫浸等浸漬法;於加溫下攪拌的方法;或者滲濾法等。
藉由所述溶媒萃取處理而獲得的萃取物可直接以液狀
狀態使用,另外,視需要亦可供於濃縮、乾燥等處理而用作濃縮物或乾燥物。另外,可於濃縮或乾燥後,利用非溶解性溶媒清洗所獲得的濃縮物或乾燥物並加以精製來使用,另外亦可將其進而溶解或懸浮於適當的溶劑中來使用。
另外,作為櫻葉的萃取物,亦可使用可簡便地以商業方式獲取者。例如,作為櫻葉的萃取物,可列舉一丸自然美(ichimaru pharcos)股份有限公司製造的「櫻花萃取物(sakura extract)B」。
關於本發明的外用組成物中的(D)成分的含量,只要根據該外用組成物的製劑形態等適宜設定即可,例如可列舉:以(D)成分的乾燥重量換算計,為0.00001重量%以上,具體而言為0.00001重量%~0.1重量%。就發揮更加優異的美白效果的觀點而言,作為本發明的外用組成物中的(D)成分的含量,可列舉:以(D)成分的乾燥重量換算計,較佳為0.00005重量%~0.1重量%,更佳為0.0001重量%~0.1重量%。作為進而佳的(D)成分的含量,就發揮更加優異的美白效果的觀點及製劑穩定性的觀點而言,於本發明的外用組成物為洗液劑的情況下,可列舉:以(D)成分的乾燥重量換算計為0.0001重量%~0.01重量%,較佳為0.0002重量%~0.0005重量%,於本發明的外用組成物為乳液劑的情況下,可列舉:以(D)成分的乾燥重量換算計為0.0001重量%~0.1重量%,較佳為0.0002重量%~0.1重量%,更佳為0.0005重量%~0.01重量%,進而佳為0.001重量%~0.005重量%,於本發明的外用組成物為霜劑的情況下,可列舉:以(D)成分的乾燥
重量換算計為0.0001重量%~0.1重量%,較佳為0.0002重量%~0.1重量%,更佳為0.008重量%~0.1重量%,進而佳為0.01重量%~0.05重量%,進一步佳為0.01重量%~0.02重量%。
另外,於本發明的外用組成物中,(A)成分與(D)成分的比率根據所述各含量來決定,就發揮更加優異的美白效果的觀點而言,可列舉:相對於(A)成分100重量份,以(D)成分的乾燥重量換算計,為0.0005重量份以上,具體而言為0.0005重量份~5重量份。就發揮更加優異的美白效果的觀點而言,作為本發明的外用組成物中的(D)成分的含量,可列舉:相對於(A)成分100重量份,以(D)成分的乾燥重量換算計,較佳為0.0025重量份~5重量份,更佳為0.005重量份~5重量份。作為進而佳的(D)成分的含量,就發揮更加優異的美白效果的觀點及製劑穩定性的觀點而言,於本發明的外用組成物為洗液劑的情況下,可列舉:相對於(A)成分100重量份,以(D)成分的乾燥重量換算計為0.005重量份~0.5重量份,較佳為0.01重量份~0.025重量份,於本發明的外用組成物為乳液劑的情況下,可列舉:相對於(A)成分100重量份,以(D)成分的乾燥重量換算計為0.005重量份~5重量份,較佳為0.01重量份~5重量份,更佳為0.025重量份~0.5重量份,進而佳為0.05重量份~0.25重量份,於本發明的外用組成物為霜劑的情況下,可列舉:相對於(A)成分100重量份,以(D)成分的乾燥重量換算計為0.005重量份~5重量份,較佳為0.01重量份~25重量份,更佳為0.4重量份~5重量
份,進而佳為0.5重量份~2.5重量份,進一步佳為0.5重量份~1重量份。
另外,於本發明的外用組成物中,(B)成分與(D)成分的比率根據所述各含量來決定,就發揮更加優異的美白效果的觀點而言,可列舉:相對於(B)成分100重量份,以(D)成分的乾燥重量換算計,為0.08重量份以上,具體而言為0.08重量份~8100重量份。就發揮更加優異的美白效果的觀點而言,作為本發明的外用組成物中的(D)成分的含量,可列舉:相對於(B)成分100重量份,以(D)成分的乾燥重量換算計,較佳為4重量份~8100重量份,更佳為8重量份~8100重量份。作為進而佳的(D)成分的含量,就發揮更加優異的美白效果的觀點及製劑穩定性的觀點而言,於本發明的外用組成物為洗液劑的情況下,可列舉:相對於(B)成分100重量份,以(D)成分的乾燥重量換算計為8重量份~820重量份,較佳為16重量份~45重量份,於本發明的外用組成物為乳液劑的情況下,可列舉:相對於(B)成分100重量份,以(D)成分的乾燥重量換算計為8重量份~8150重量份,較佳為16重量份~8150重量份,更佳為40重量份~850重量份,進而佳為80重量份~450重量份,於本發明的外用組成物為霜劑的情況下,可列舉:相對於(B)成分100重量份,以(D)成分的乾燥重量換算計為8重量份~8150重量份,較佳為16重量份~8150重量份,更佳為650重量份~8150重量份,進而佳為810重量份~4500重量份,進一步佳為810重量份~1700重量份。
另外,於本發明的外用組成物中,(C)成分與(D)成分的比率根據所述各含量來決定,就發揮更加優異的美白效果的觀點而言,可列舉:相對於(C)成分100重量份,以(D)成分的乾燥重量換算計,為1.2重量份以上,具體而言為1.2重量份~13000重量份。就發揮更加優異的美白效果的觀點而言,作為本發明的外用組成物中的(D)成分的含量,可列舉:相對於(C)成分100重量份,以(D)成分的乾燥重量換算計,較佳為6.4重量份~13000重量份,更佳為12重量份~13000重量份。作為進而佳的(D)成分的含量,就發揮更加優異的美白效果的觀點及製劑穩定性的觀點而言,於本發明的外用組成物為洗液劑的情況下,可列舉:相對於(C)成分100重量份,以(D)成分的乾燥重量換算計為12重量份~1300重量份,較佳為25重量份~65重量份,於本發明的外用組成物為乳液劑的情況下,可列舉:相對於(C)成分100重量份,以(D)成分的乾燥重量換算計為12重量份~13000重量份,較佳為25重量份~13000重量份,更佳為64重量份~1300重量份,進而佳為120重量份~650重量份,於本發明的外用組成物為霜劑的情況下,可列舉:相對於(C)成分100重量份,以(D)成分的乾燥重量換算計為12重量份~13000重量份,較佳為25重量份~13000重量份,更佳為1000重量份~13000重量份,進而佳為1200重量份~6500重量份,進一步佳為1200重量份~2600重量份。
其他成分
本發明的外用組成物除所述成分以外,視需要亦可含有其他藥理成分。作為此種藥理成分,例如可列舉:黑色素生成抑制劑(熊果苷、胺甲環酸(tranexamic acid)、L-半胱胺酸、麩胱甘肽、麴酸等)、抗組胺劑(二苯安明(diphenhydramine)、二苯安明鹽酸鹽、馬來酸氯苯那敏等)、局部麻醉劑(利多卡因、待布卡因(dibucaine)、胺基苯甲酸甲酯、普魯卡因(procaine)、四卡因(tetracaine)、布比卡因(bupivacaine)、甲比卡因(mepivacaine)、氯普魯卡因、丙美卡因(proparacaine)、美普卡因(meprylcaine)或該些的鹽、鄰卡因、奧昔卡因(oxethazaine)、氧化聚乙氧基癸烷、莨菪萃取物(scopolia extract)、珀耳卡明酶(percaminpase)、聚氧乙烯月桂基醚等)、抗炎劑(尿囊素、甘草酸(glycyrrhizic acid)、甘草酸甲酯、甘草酸硬脂酯、甘草酸二鉀、甘草酸單銨、甘草酸(glycyrrhetinic acid)、甘草酸吡哆醇酯、甘草酸硬脂酯、甘草酸甘油酯、甘草酸單葡糖苷酸、水楊酸、水楊酸甲酯、水楊酸乙二醇酯、吲哚美辛、聯苯乙酸、雙氯芬酸鈉、洛索洛芬鈉(loxoprofen sodium)、烏芬那酯(ufenamate)、皮考布洛芬(ibuprofen piconol)、舒洛芬(suprofen)、苄達酸(bendazac)、丁苯羥酸(bufexamac)等)、殺菌劑(苄烷銨氯化物(benzalkonium chloride)、地喹銨氯化物(dequalinium chloride)、苯索寧氯化物(benzethonium chloride)、鯨蠟基吡啶鎓氯化物、氯己定氯化物、葡萄糖酸氯己定、異丙基甲基苯酚、氨水、磺胺嘧啶(sulfadiazine)、乳酸、苯酚等)、皮膚保護劑(火棉膠(collodion)、
蓖麻油等)、血液循環促進劑(壬酸香草醯胺、菸鹼酸苄酯、辣椒素、辣椒萃取物等)、清涼化劑(薄荷醇、樟腦等)、維生素類(維生素A、維生素B、維生素D、維生素E等)、黏多糖類(軟骨素硫酸鈉、葡萄糖胺、透明質酸鈉等)等。
另外,本發明的外用組成物為了製成所期望的製劑形態,視需要亦可包含基劑或添加劑。關於此種基劑或添加劑,只要藥學上容許,則並無特別限制,例如可列舉:水;低級一元醇(乙醇、異丙醇等)、多元醇(丙二醇、乙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、異戊二烯二醇、二乙二醇、二丙二醇、甘油等)等水性基劑;油類(橄欖油、紅花油、大豆油、山茶油、玉米油、菜籽油、向日葵油、棉籽油、花生油、豬油、角鯊烷、魚油等)、礦物油(液態石蠟、石蠟、凝膠化烴、凡士林等)、蠟類、蠟類(蜂蠟、巴西棕櫚蠟、堪地里拉蠟、地蠟、米糠蠟、微晶蠟等)、酯油(肉豆蔻酸異丙酯、己二酸異丙酯、癸二酸二乙酯、癸二酸異丙酯、棕櫚酸異丙酯、棕櫚酸鯨蠟酯、2-乙基己酸鯨蠟酯、油酸乙酯、三2-乙基己酸甘油酯、三(辛酸、癸酸)甘油酯等)、脂肪酸烷基酯、脂肪酸(硬脂酸、油酸、棕櫚酸、山萮酸、亞麻油酸、羊毛脂等)、脂肪酸酯(棕櫚酸鯨蠟酯、棕櫚酸異丙酯、亞麻油酸乙酯等)、中鏈脂肪酸三甘油酯、高級醇(硬脂醇、鯨蠟醇、山萮醇、肉豆蔻醇、油醇、十六烷基醇、羊毛脂醇、膽固醇、二氫膽固醇、植物固醇、月桂醇、鯨蠟硬脂醇(cetostearyl alcohol)、亞麻醇(linoleyl alcohol)、辛基十二烷醇、己基癸醇、異硬脂醇等)、2-乙基己酸
鯨蠟酯、矽酮油(二甲基聚矽氧烷、環狀矽酮等)等油性基劑;非離子性界面活性劑(山梨糖醇酐脂肪酸酯(山梨糖醇酐單油酸酯、山梨糖醇酐單異硬脂酸酯、山梨糖醇酐單月桂酸酯、山梨糖醇酐單棕櫚酸酯、山梨糖醇酐單硬脂酸酯、山梨糖醇酐倍半油酸酯、山梨糖醇酐三油酸酯、五-2-乙基己酸二甘油酯山梨糖醇酐、四-2-乙基己酸二甘油酯山梨糖醇酐等);甘油聚甘油脂肪酸類(單棉籽油脂肪酸甘油酯、單芥子酸甘油酯、倍半油酸甘油酯、單硬脂酸甘油酯、三異辛酸甘油酯、α,α'-油酸焦麩胺酸甘油酯、單硬脂酸甘油蘋果酸等);丙二醇脂肪酸酯類(單硬脂酸丙二醇等);氫化蓖麻油衍生物;甘油烷基醚、POE-山梨糖醇酐脂肪酸酯類(POE-山梨糖醇酐單油酸酯、POE-山梨糖醇酐單硬脂酸酯、POE-山梨糖醇酐異硬脂酸酯、POE-山梨糖醇酐單油酸酯、POE-山梨糖醇酐四油酸酯等);POE山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯類(POE-山梨糖醇單月桂酸酯、POE-山梨糖醇單油酸酯、POE-山梨糖醇五油酸酯、POE-山梨糖醇單硬脂酸酯等);POE-甘油脂肪酸酯類(POE-甘油單硬脂酸酯、POE-甘油單異硬脂酸酯、POE-甘油三異硬脂酸酯等POE-單油酸酯等);POE-脂肪酸酯類(POE-二硬脂酸酯、POE-單二油酸酯、二硬脂酸乙二醇等);POE-烷基醚類(POE-月桂基醚、POE-油基醚、POE-硬脂基醚、POE-山萮基醚、POE-2-辛基十二烷基醚、POE-膽甾烷醇(cholestanol)醚等);普朗尼克(Pluronic)型類(普朗尼克等);POE-POP-烷基醚類(POE-POP-鯨蠟基醚、POE-POP-2-癸基十四烷基醚、POE-POP-單丁基醚、POE-POP-氫化羊毛脂、
POE-POP-甘油醚等);四POE-四POP-乙二胺縮合物類(泰勞尼克(Tetronic)等);POE-蓖麻油氫化蓖麻油衍生物(例如,POE-蓖麻油、POE-氫化蓖麻油、POE-氫化蓖麻油單異硬脂酸酯、POE-氫化蓖麻油三異硬脂酸酯、POE-氫化蓖麻油單焦麩胺酸單異硬脂酸二酯、POE-氫化蓖麻油馬來酸等);烷醇醯胺(椰子油脂肪酸二乙醇醯胺、月桂酸單乙醇醯胺、脂肪酸異丙醇醯胺等);蔗糖脂肪酸酯;烷基乙氧基二甲基氧化胺;三油基磷酸等);陰離子性界面活性劑(脂肪酸皂(月桂酸鈉、棕櫚酸鈉等);高級烷基硫酸酯鹽(月桂基硫酸鈉、月桂基硫酸鉀等);烷基醚硫酸酯鹽(POE-月桂基硫酸三乙醇胺、POE-月桂基硫酸鈉等);N-醯基肌胺酸(月桂醯基肌胺酸鈉等);高級脂肪酸醯胺磺酸鹽(N-肉豆蔻醯基-N-甲基牛磺酸鈉、椰子油脂肪酸甲基牛磺酸鈉、月桂基甲基牛磺酸鈉等);磺基琥珀酸鹽(二-2-乙基己基磺基琥珀酸鈉、單月桂醯基單乙醇醯胺聚氧乙烯磺基琥珀酸鈉、月桂基聚丙二醇磺基琥珀酸鈉等);烷基苯磺酸鹽(線性十二烷基苯磺酸鈉、線性十二烷基苯磺酸三乙醇胺、線性十二烷基苯磺酸等);高級脂肪酸酯硫酸酯鹽(氫化椰子油脂肪酸甘油硫酸鈉等);N-醯基麩胺酸鹽(N-月桂醯基麩胺酸單鈉、N-硬脂醯基麩胺酸二鈉、N-肉豆蔻醯基-L-麩胺酸單鈉等);POE-烷基醚羧酸;POE-烷基烯丙基醚羧酸鹽;α-烯烴磺酸鹽;月桂醯基單乙醇醯胺琥珀酸鈉;N-棕櫚醯基天冬醯胺酸二三乙醇胺等)等界面活性劑;水性增稠劑(羧基乙烯基聚合物、烷基改質羧基乙烯基聚合物、纖維素膠、三仙膠、羥基丙基甲基纖維素、
羥基乙基纖維素、羧基甲基纖維素、(丙烯醯基二甲基牛磺酸銨/VP)共聚物、聚丙烯酸鈉、卡拉膠、菌類植物膠(sclerotium gum)、聚苯乙烯磺酸酯、刺梧桐樹膠(karaya gum)、果膠等);多孔質粉體(二氧化矽、滑石、氧化鈦、雲母、氧化鋅、高嶺土、硫酸鋇、氯氧化鉍(bismuth oxychloride)、氫氧化鋁、矽酸鋁、矽酸酐、含水矽酸、蒙脫石等無機粉體;聚酯、聚乙烯、聚苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯樹脂、纖維素、尼龍、苯乙烯與丙烯酸的共聚物、聚丙烯、氯乙烯等高分子粉體);清涼化劑(薄荷醇、樟腦、冰片、薄荷水、薄荷油等)、防腐劑(苯氧基乙醇、對羥基苯甲酸甲酯、對羥基苯甲酸丙酯、苯甲酸、苯甲酸鈉、山梨酸等)、著香劑(檸檬醛(citral)、1,8-桉葉素、香茅醛(citronellal)、菌綠烯醇(farnesol)等)、著色劑(焦油色素(褐色201號、藍色201號、黃色4號、黃色403號等)、可可色素、葉綠素、氧化鋁等)、pH調整劑(磷酸、鹽酸、檸檬酸、檸檬酸鈉、琥珀酸、酒石酸、氫氧化鈉、氫氧化鉀、三乙醇胺、三異丙醇胺等)、潤濕劑(dl-吡咯啶酮羧酸鈉液、D-山梨糖醇液、聚乙二醇等)、穩定化劑(二丁基羥基甲苯、丁基羥基苯甲醚、四乙酸乙二胺(edetic acid)鈉、偏磷酸鈉、L-精胺酸、L-天冬醯胺酸、DL-丙胺酸、甘胺酸、異抗壞血酸鈉、沒食子酸丙酯、亞硫酸鈉、二氧化硫、綠原酸(chlorogenic acid)、兒茶素、迷迭香萃取物等)、抗氧化劑、紫外線吸收劑、螯合劑、黏著劑、緩衝劑、溶解輔助劑、可溶化劑、保存劑等添加劑。
製劑形態
所述外用組成物只要為可經皮適用的製劑形態,則對其製劑形態並無特別限制,可為液狀、固體狀、半固體狀(霜狀、凝膠狀、軟膏狀、糊狀)等的任一種。另外,本發明的外用組成物可為水性製劑、油性製劑等非乳化製劑,另外亦可為水包油型乳化製劑、油包水型乳化製劑等乳化製劑。
作為所述外用組成物的製劑形態,就更加有效地發揮美白效果的觀點而言,較佳為可列舉液狀、霜狀,更佳為可列舉霜狀。
另外,所述外用組成物只要適用於皮膚,則亦可為皮膚外用醫藥品、化妝料、皮膚清洗料等的任一製劑形態。較佳為可列舉皮膚外用醫藥品、化妝料。
作為所述外用組成物的製劑形態,具體可列舉:液劑(包含洗液劑、噴霧劑、氣溶膠劑、及乳液劑)、水溶性軟膏劑、油脂性軟膏劑、霜劑、泡沫劑、凝膠劑、貼附劑等皮膚外用醫藥品;軟膏、霜、乳液、化妝水、洗液、面膜、凝膠等化妝料;沐浴露、洗髮香波、護髮素等皮膚清洗料等。於該些製劑形態中,較佳為可列舉皮膚外用醫藥品,進而佳為可列舉液劑、霜劑,更佳為可列舉洗液劑、乳液劑、霜劑,進一步佳為可列舉乳液劑、霜劑,特佳為可列舉霜劑。對該些製劑形態的製備可藉由按照第十六改正日本藥典製劑總則等中記載的公知的方法,使用與製劑形態對應的添加劑進行製劑化來進行。
用途
本發明的外用組成物可抑制黑色素的生成,能夠預防或改善皮膚的斑點、雀斑、暗沈、肝斑、老年性色素斑、物理性刺激引起的黑斑等,因此可較佳地用作美白用的外用組成物。
以下示出實施例來更具體地說明本發明,但本發明並不限定於該些。
再者,以下的試驗例及配方例中使用的主要成分的製造商等如以下般。
L-抗壞血酸2-葡萄糖苷:商品名「AA2G」(林原股份有限公司製造)
厚樸萃取物:商品名「Pharcolex厚樸B」(一丸自然美(ichimaru pharcos)股份有限公司製造)、液狀、乾燥固體成分濃度0.175重量%、使用1,3-丁二醇水溶液對厚樸(Magnolia obovata Thunberg(木蘭科(Magnoliaceae)))的樹皮(和厚樸)進行溶媒萃取處理而獲得的萃取物
李子萃取物:商品名「Crearge」(一丸自然美(ichimaru pharcos)股份有限公司製造)、液狀、乾燥固體成分濃度7.78重量%、藉由向利用纖維素分解酶將李子(西洋李(Prunus domestica Lindl.(薔薇科(Rosaceae))))的果肉分解而獲得者中,加入水及1,3-丁二醇而獲得的萃取物
牡丹萃取物:商品名「Pharcolex botanpi B」(一丸自然美(ichimaru pharcos)股份有限公司製造)、液狀、乾燥固體成分濃
度0.9重量%、使用乙醇溶液對牡丹(Paeonia suffruticosa Andrews(Paeonia moutan Sims)(牡丹科(Paeoniaceae)))的根皮進行溶媒萃取處理而獲得的萃取物
櫻葉萃取物:商品名「櫻花萃取物(sakura extract)B」(一丸自然美(ichimaru pharcos)股份有限公司製造)、液狀、乾燥固體成分濃度2重量%、使用乙醇水溶液對染井吉野櫻(日本晚櫻(Prunus yedoensis Matsum))的葉進行溶媒萃取處理而獲得的萃取物
試驗例1:黑色素生成抑制效果的評價(體外)
使用三維培養皮膚模型(MEL-300-A,馬特克(MatTek)公司製造),對黑色素生成抑制效果進行評價。具體的試驗方法如以下般。
將MEL-300皮膚模型杯設置於放入0.9ml的加熱至37℃的維持培養基(EPI-100LLMM)的6孔板的各孔中,放入培養箱(37℃、5%CO2)中靜置1小時。繼而,向皮膚模型杯的內部分別加入50μl的表1所示的組成的外用組成物(pH值為6.5),於培養箱(37℃、5%CO2)中進行24小時培養。之後,於每次0.5mW×12秒鐘的條件下進行紫外線(UV-B)照射,進而培養24小時。再者,紫外線照射是使用UVB燈(東芝照明技術(Toshiba Lightech)公司製造,東芝健康線用螢光燈)與UV檢測器(拓普康(TOPCON)公司製造,UV-1)進行。之後,進行培養基更換,進而培養24小時。再者,每次更換培養基時,將規定的樣品液50
μl加入皮膚模型杯中。進而,藉由在相同的條件下反覆進行四次紫外線照射與培養基更換,實施了共計5次紫外線照射(合計紫外線照射量30mJ/cm2)、共計5次培養基更換。之後,利用以下所示的方法進行細胞存活率與黑色素生成量的測定。另外,作為對照,使用包含0.5重量%的1,3-丁二醇的水溶液作為樣品液,於與所述相同的條件下進行試驗。
<細胞活性的測定>
藉由MTT試驗來測定細胞存活率。具體而言,將0.75ml的MTT試劑與8.25ml的維持培養基(EPI-100LLMM)混合,以每一孔為300μl的方式添加。將皮膚模型杯移至所述製備的放入有MTT的培養基中,準確地於培養箱中培養3小時。之後,利用PBS清洗液輕輕清洗組織的底面,並移至新的板上。將0.04N的HCl酸性異丙醇以1ml為單位添加至皮膚模型杯的內側,於板上貼上密封蓋進行遮光以免蒸發,於培養箱中萃取藍色甲瓚(blue formazan)一夜。於萃取後,充分混合異丙醇,將其中200μl移至96孔板。利用微盤讀儀(microplate reader)測定570nm與620nm的光學濃度,利用該些的差作為細胞活性。
<黑色素生成量的測定>
利用PBS清洗MEL-300皮膚模型杯後,以手術刀剝離細胞組織並進行回收。將所獲得的細胞組織浸泡在PBS中,進行破碎及離心(2,000rpm、10分鐘)。之後,去除上清液,進而加入乙醇與二甲醚的混合液(乙醇:二甲醚=3:1(容量比)),並進行攪
拌及離心(2,000rpm、10分鐘)。繼而,去除上清液並使其乾燥。於乾燥物中添加1N氫氧化鈉水溶液(含有10重量%DMSO),於90℃的水浴中處理20分鐘,並進行加熱熔融。之後,利用渦流(voltex)輕輕攪拌加熱熔融後的溶液,並冷卻至室溫後,測定405nm的吸光度,求出黑色素生成量。
藉由色素生成量除以細胞存活率,求出每個細胞的黑色素生成量。進而,將參考例1(陰性對照;NC(negative control))的每個細胞的黑色素生成量設為100,算出添加各樣品液時每個細胞的黑色素生成量的比率(黑色素生成比)。
將所獲得的結果示於表1。根據該結果明確,與含有抗壞血酸2-葡萄糖苷、厚樸萃取物及李子萃取物的外用組成物(比較例1)所帶來的黑色素生成抑制效果相比,除抗壞血酸2-葡萄糖苷、厚樸萃取物及李子萃取物以外含有櫻葉萃取物的外用組成物(實施例1及實施例2)中,黑色素生成抑制效果格外高。於以乾燥重量換算量計僅包含0.002重量%的櫻葉萃取物的外用組成物(實施例1)中所述黑色素生成抑制效果的提高效果優異,直逼具有高的美白效果而廣為人知的熊果苷(參考例2:陽性對照;PC(positive control)),進而至於以乾燥重量換算量計包含0.01重量%的櫻葉萃取物的外用組成物(實施例2),所述黑色素生成抑制效果的提高效果優異而超過熊果苷。另一方面,於除抗壞血酸2-葡萄糖苷、厚樸萃取物及李子萃取物以外含有牡丹萃取物的外用組成物(比較例2及比較例3)中,完全未發現黑色素生成抑制效
果的增強,所述牡丹萃取物作為與櫻葉萃取物同樣具有抗炎症作用的萃取物而廣為人知。
試驗例2:黑色素生成抑制效果的評價(體內)
製備表2記載的組成的霜劑。以於臉頰具有老年性色素斑的女性17人為對象,於老年性色素斑上一天2次且6週塗佈所製備的霜劑。使用黑色素測定儀(Mexameter MX18)測定適用前後的老年性色素斑的黑色素值。
將結果示於圖1(對應的t檢驗,***表示p<0.001)。如圖1所示,於塗佈前(初期)與塗佈後(6週後),黑色素值的變化明顯減少。
配方例
製備表3~表5所示的配方的霜劑、乳液劑及洗液劑。於任一配方中,黑色素生成抑制效果均提高。
無。
Claims (5)
- 一種外用組成物,其特徵在於:含有(A)成分,抗壞血酸及/或其衍生物;(B)成分,木蘭科木蘭屬植物的萃取物;(C)成分,李子的萃取物;以及(D)成分,櫻葉的萃取物,其中所述(D)成分的含量以乾燥重量換算計為0.008重量%~0.1重量%,且相對於所述(A)成分100重量份,所述(D)成分的含量以乾燥重量換算計為0.005~5重量份。
- 如請求項1所述的外用組成物,其中所述(B)成分為厚樸的萃取物。
- 如請求項1所述的外用組成物,其中所述(A)成分為抗壞血酸2-葡萄糖苷。
- 如請求項2所述的外用組成物,其中所述(A)成分為抗壞血酸2-葡萄糖苷。
- 如請求項1至請求項4中任一項所述的外用組成物,其用於美白。
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