TWI803738B - 製造印刷線路板的方法 - Google Patents
製造印刷線路板的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI803738B TWI803738B TW109107798A TW109107798A TWI803738B TW I803738 B TWI803738 B TW I803738B TW 109107798 A TW109107798 A TW 109107798A TW 109107798 A TW109107798 A TW 109107798A TW I803738 B TWI803738 B TW I803738B
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- Prior art keywords
- group
- crosslinkable polymer
- polymer composition
- alkyl substituted
- alkyl
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000608 laser ablation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 44
- -1 cyclic anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 31
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
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- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- UMIVXZPTRXBADB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzocyclobutene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCC2=C1 UMIVXZPTRXBADB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000090 poly(aryl ether) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000000101 thioether group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(prop-2-enyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound C=CCN1C(=O)N(CC=C)C(=O)N(CC=C)C1=O KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[[4-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)phenyl]methyl]phenyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N2C(C=CC2=O)=O)C=C1 XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- OWICEWMBIBPFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-diphenoxyphosphoryloxyphenyl) diphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=C(OP(=O)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)OC=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 OWICEWMBIBPFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OSSNTDFYBPYIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylimidazole Chemical compound C=CN1C=CN=C1 OSSNTDFYBPYIEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
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- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Be] LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
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- 125000005000 thioaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- VNQNXQYZMPJLQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris[(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CN2C(N(CC=3C=C(C(O)=C(C=3)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)N(CC=3C=C(C(O)=C(C=3)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C2=O)=O)=C1 VNQNXQYZMPJLQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZFIGURLAJSLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-2h-pyridine Chemical compound C=CN1CC=CC=C1 OZFIGURLAJSLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound COCC(C)O ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFNISBHGPNMTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylideneoxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound C=C1CC(=O)OC1=O OFNISBHGPNMTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VSAWBBYYMBQKIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[[3,5-bis[(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-2,4,6-trimethylphenyl]methyl]-2,6-ditert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC1=C(CC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)=C(CC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)=C1CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 VSAWBBYYMBQKIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCXLQFOCWZMFHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenyl-2h-triazole Chemical compound C=CC1=CNN=N1 MCXLQFOCWZMFHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHQZDNQHLGFBRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-ethenyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound C=CC1=CNC=N1 MHQZDNQHLGFBRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane triacrylate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2,2-bis[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxymethyl]propyl] 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEBCLRKUSAGCDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ac1mi23b Chemical compound C1C2C3C(COC(=O)C=C)CCC3C1C(COC(=O)C=C)C2 VEBCLRKUSAGCDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005110 aryl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzothiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- OIWOHHBRDFKZNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC1CCCCC1 OIWOHHBRDFKZNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KBLWLMPSVYBVDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC1CCCCC1 KBLWLMPSVYBVDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- PYGSKMBEVAICCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,5-diene Chemical group C=CCCC=C PYGSKMBEVAICCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004191 (C1-C6) alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-benzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=NC2=C1 HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- BSYJHYLAMMJNRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)O BSYJHYLAMMJNRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-triallyloxy-1,3,5-triazine Chemical compound C=CCOC1=NC(OCC=C)=NC(OCC=C)=N1 BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- IBDVWXAVKPRHCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethyl 3-oxobutanoate Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C IBDVWXAVKPRHCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMRIWYPVRWEWRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(6-oxobenzo[c][2,1]benzoxaphosphinin-6-yl)benzene-1,4-diol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C(P2(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C3O2)=C1 KMRIWYPVRWEWRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本文揭露了一種在電層壓件中形成通孔之方法,該方法包括將具有包含可交聯聚合物組成物的層之片材層壓在基材上,其中該可交聯聚合物組成物在層壓溫度下具有200Pa‧s至100,000Pa‧s之黏度,藉由雷射燒蝕在該可交聯聚合物層中形成至少一個通孔;以及在形成該至少一個通孔之後,熱固化該可交聯聚合物層。根據某些實施方式,該可交聯聚合物組成物在層壓溫度下具有至少5000Pa‧s之黏度。當使用此類組成物並且在固化之前將該通孔雷射燒蝕時,此方法產生了良好的層壓結果、良好的通孔輪廓以及良好的除膠渣結果。
Description
本揭露內容係關於印刷線路板、其製造方法及包含其之製品。更具體,本揭露係關於印刷線路板、使用層壓和雷射燒蝕製造其之方法及包含其之製品。
用於製造印刷線路板之當前方法可以依賴於聚合物絕緣層與傳導層之順序層壓。藉由雷射燒蝕或機械鑽孔製造穿過絕緣層之通孔(即孔)。然後使用通孔在層之間形成電連接。當前方法涉及以精確順序,首先藉由熱輥或真空層壓加工層壓聚合物絕緣層,然後在烘箱中熱固化以產生交聯系統,並且最後藉由雷射燒蝕或機械鑽孔形成通孔。參見例如U.S.6,739,040。此通孔形成製程用於確保每個層壓之聚合物絕緣層係為分離地且單獨地可定址的。在此製程中,在雷射燒蝕或機械鑽孔之前固化層壓的聚合物絕緣層對於避免通孔回流係至關重要的,因為除非以此精確的順序遵循所描述之步驟,否則無法防止通孔回流。如果發生回流,通孔側壁輪廓可能會受到影響,並且對於通孔存在閉合的潛能,阻礙或在最差的情況下完全阻止可定址性(即,阻止通過通孔形成互連)。
此製程可能是麻煩的,因為層壓件必須在通孔形成之前被重複固化。例如,對於單獨形成的每一層,層壓件必須在幾個步驟中被固化。對於大規模製造,仍然需要一種更有效且通用的製程。
本文揭露了一種方法,該方法包括將具有包含可交聯聚合物組成物的層的片材層壓在基材上,其中該可交聯聚合物組成物在層壓溫度下具有200Pa‧s至100,000Pa‧s之黏度,並且該可交聯聚合物組成物包含具有如藉由凝膠滲透層析法(GPC)使用聚苯乙烯標準品測量的約30,000至約150,000m/mol的重量平均分子量的可交聯聚合物;藉由雷射燒蝕在該可交聯聚合物組成物層中形成至少一個通孔;以及在形成該至少一個通孔之後,固化該可交聯聚合物組成物。根據某些實施方式,該可交聯聚合物組成物在層壓溫度下具有至少5000Pa‧s之黏度。出人意料地,當使用此類組成物並且在固化之前將該通孔雷射燒蝕時,諸位申請人已經發現良好的層壓結果、良好的通孔輪廓以及良好的除膠渣結果。
[圖1]係層壓件之描繪。
[圖2]係實例8和對比實例A的聚合物的複數黏度之圖。
[圖3(A)]描繪了具有根據如在實例8中本文揭露的製程製造的通孔的層壓件之掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)圖像;[圖3(B)]描繪了具有根據實例8的對比實例A製造的通孔的層壓件之掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)圖像;
[圖4(A)]描繪了如在實例9的對比實例B中討論之掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)圖像;並且[圖4(B)]描繪了具有根據如在實例9中本文揭露的製程製造的通孔的層壓件之掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)圖像。
本文揭露了一種印刷線路板,其包括多個層並且包括在該多個層之間建立電接觸的通孔。該等通孔沒有可完全或部分阻止該多個層之間的可定址性的任何回流。本文還揭露了一種用於製造印刷線路板之方法,該方法阻止在形成該通孔期間或之後在各層之間的回流。該方法有利地包括在固化(或交聯)一層或多層以形成該印刷線路板之前,在該多個層中製造該等通孔。
本文還揭露了一種可用於製造該印刷線路板的聚合物組成物。該聚合物組成物包含可交聯聚合物。附加的視需要的組分選自介電填料(包括無機或有機介電填料)、交聯劑、抗氧化劑、流動調節劑、黏合促進劑、阻燃劑及其組合。
現在參照圖1,印刷線路板100包括基材102,在其上佈置可交聯聚合物層104。在實施方式中,可交聯聚合物層104的一個表面可以接觸基材102,而相反的表面接觸載體膜106。印刷線路板可以是單面的(一個導電層)、雙面的(在一個基材層的兩面上有兩個導電層)或多層的(導電材料的外層和內層,與基材層交替)。導電層包含銅。多層的印刷線路板使部件密度高得多,因為在內層上的電路跡線另外會佔據部件之間的表面空間。
基材100可以包括聚合物、陶瓷、金屬或其組合。基材可以是剛性的或柔性的。用於基材的合適的聚合物係酚紙或酚棉紙、浸漬有酚醛樹脂的紙、
浸漬有環氧樹脂和/或聚酯樹脂的織造玻璃纖維布、毛面玻璃和聚酯、聚醯亞胺(例如,KAPTON®)、未填充的聚四氟乙烯(例如,TEFLON®)、陶瓷填充的聚四氟乙烯等、或其組合。
用於基材的合適的陶瓷包括氧化鋁、氮化鋁、氧化鈹等。用於基材的合適金屬包括銅、鋁或其組合。較佳的基材包括浸漬有環氧樹脂或環氧樹脂衍生物的織造玻璃纖維布。
基材可以具有至少50或至少75或至少100或至少150微米並且不超過2500或2000或1500微米之厚度。
在實施方式中,載體膜106可以佈置在交聯的聚合物層104的頂上。載體膜106可以是合適的聚合物,諸如聚酯,例如聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯。
佈置在基材102上的是可交聯層104,其包括可交聯聚合物組成物。可交聯聚合物組成物作為可交聯聚合物組成物佈置在基材上,並在印刷線路板中形成通孔之後使用熱能使其經受交聯。可交聯聚合物組成物還具有足夠高之黏度,以防止在通孔製造期間在其被加熱時流動。然而,可交聯聚合物組成物係這樣的,使得其在被施加到基材上時遵循基材的幾何形狀。根據某些實施方式,可交聯組成物層係電絕緣的。
使可交聯聚合物組成物固化以形成交聯的聚合物組成物。交聯聚合物之實例係環氧聚合物、不飽和聚酯聚合物、聚醯亞胺聚合物、雙馬來醯亞胺聚合物、雙馬來醯亞胺三聚合物、氰酸酯聚合物、苯并聚合物、芳基環丁烯基聚合物(例如取代或未取代的苯并環丁烯基聚合物)、丙烯酸樹脂、聚醇酸樹脂、苯酚-甲醛聚合物、酚醛清漆、甲階酚醛樹脂、三聚氰胺-甲醛聚合物、脲-甲醛聚合物、羥甲基呋喃、不飽和聚酯醯亞胺等、或其組合。在交聯層中使用的示例性聚合物係聚苯并環丁烯。
根據一個實施方式,可交聯聚合物組成物包含可加成聚合的芳基環丁烯單體的部分聚合之反應產物。合適的單體包括一種或多種可加成聚合的含芳基環丁烯之單體A,其在芳基環丁烯上具有一個或多個基團作為取代基,該基團選自烷基;含雜原子的烷基,諸如含雜原子的烷氧基或烷硫基;烯基;含有雜原子的烯基;芳基;含雜原子的芳基,諸如含雜原子的芳氧基或硫代芳基。
較佳的是,可交聯聚合物係可加成聚合的芳基環丁烯單體與第二芳香族可加成聚合的單體、以及視需要一種或多種選自第三可加成聚合的單體和/或含有第二親二烯體或可加成聚合的基團的第四單體的附加的單體中的一種或多種的聚合之反應產物,該第二芳香族可加成聚合的單體諸如苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯、烯丙氧基苯乙烯、烯丙基封端的聚伸芳基醚或馬來醯亞胺封端的聚伸芳基醚;該第三可加成聚合的單體諸如丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯,諸如甲基丙烯酸環己酯、甲基丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸環己酯和脂肪(甲基)丙烯酸酯;馬來醯亞胺和雙馬來醯亞胺;環狀酸酐,諸如馬來酸酐、3-亞甲基二氫呋喃-2,5-二酮或衣康酸酐;用於改善黏附性的(甲基)丙烯酸酯,諸如2-丙烯醯氧基乙基酸磷酸酯、甲基丙烯酸三甲氧基矽基丙酯、2-[2-羥基-5-[2-(甲基丙烯醯氧基)乙基]苯基]-2H-苯并三唑、乙醯乙酸2-(甲基丙烯醯氧基)乙酯;用於黏附性促進的含烯丙基之單體,諸如膦酸烯丙酯、磷酸烯丙氧基乙酯或烯丙氧基丙基三甲氧基矽烷;直鏈和
支鏈烯烴,諸如己烯;環烯烴,諸如環戊烯、環己烯或環辛烯;該第四單體諸如含苯并環丁烯(BCB)的交聯劑,例如乙烯基苯并環丁烯或二乙烯基矽烷氧基雙苯并環丁烯(DVS-BCB);甲基丙烯酸烯丙酯;二乙烯基苯;二烯,諸如丁二烯、環戊二烯、β-月桂烯、羅勒烯、環辛二烯或四苯基環戊二烯酮;烯丙氧基苯乙烯;乙烯基、烯丙基或馬來醯亞胺封端的多元醇;低聚矽氧烷或聚矽氧烷;或馬來醯亞胺封端的聚醯亞胺;較佳的是,該第四單體包括丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸環己酯、甲基丙烯酸環己酯或(甲基)丙烯酸C8至C20烷基酯,諸如脂肪(甲基)丙烯酸酯,或選自含氮雜環的第四可加成聚合的單體的單體,諸如N-乙烯基吡啶或其他乙烯基吡啶異構物(諸如2-乙烯基吡啶)、N-乙烯基咪唑或其他乙烯基咪唑異構物(諸如4-乙烯基咪唑、乙烯基三唑),或視需要,兩種或更多種此類單體;或其混合物。
在另一個實施方式中,可交聯聚合物組成物包含呈共聚形式的一種或多種可加成聚合的含芳基環丁烯的單體A的單體混合物的至少一種聚合物,該可加成聚合的含芳基環丁烯的單體具有一個或多個選自烷基和芳基的基團作為環丁烯環取代基,並且聚合物組成物進一步包含含有兩個或更多個烯丙基的可加成聚合的交聯劑單體,諸如異氰脲酸三烯丙酯、二烯丙基二醇、二烯丙基聚醚二醇、二烯丙基聚酯二醇,較佳的是二烯丙基芳香族聚酯二醇或三烯丙基苯。
在另一個實施方式中,可交聯聚合物組成物包含呈共聚形式的該一種或多種含芳基環丁烯之單體A、該一種或多種第二芳香族可加成聚合的單體(諸如苯乙烯)以及該一種或多種其他可加成聚合的單體的單體混合物,該其他可加成聚合的單體選自該第三單體、該第四單體或兩者;其中單體A具有以下示出的結構2或結構3:
可交聯聚合物組成物的特徵在於在層壓條件下易於良好的黏附。然而,黏度必須足夠高,以使其在形成通孔的製程期間(例如在雷射燒蝕期間)不回流。因此,根據某些實施方式,可交聯聚合物組成物在層壓溫度下具有至少200或至少500或至少1000或至少2000或至少5000Pa‧s並且小於100,000、較佳的是小於70,000、並且更較佳的是小於50,000Pa‧s之黏度。可替代地,可交聯聚合物組成物在100℃至160℃之溫度下具有至少200或至少500或至少1000或至少2000或至少5000Pa‧s並且小於100,000、較佳的是小於70,000、並且更較佳的是小於50,000Pa‧s的最小黏度。可以使用在標準平行板流變儀上運行的振盪升溫程式(10℃/min升溫速率)來確定黏度。出人意料地,諸位發明人看到在用最小黏度為5000Pa‧s或更高的聚合物配製物層壓期間與基材的良好一致。
通常熱處理可交聯聚合物組成物以形成交聯層。在將通孔鑽入印刷線路板之後進行交聯。通孔的鑽孔和交聯將在下面討論。
在某些實施方式中,聚合物組成物可包含呈共聚形式的至少10或15至90或70wt.%的該一種或多種含芳基環丁烯的單體A;5或20至75或70wt.%的該一種或多種第二芳香族可加成聚合的單體;1或5至30或25wt.%的該一種或多種第三可加成聚合的單體(諸如(甲基)丙烯酸酯單體)、該一種或多種其他可加成聚合的單體(其選自該一種或多種含氮雜環的第四可加成聚合的單體)、或兩者,其中所有重量均基於用於製造共聚物的單體的總固體重量,其中所有單體的wt.%加至100%。
在另一個實施方式中,基於聚合物和剩餘有機溶劑的總重量,聚合物組成物包含10至80wt.%、或者較佳的是20至60wt.%的聚合物固體,該有機溶劑諸如極性質子溶劑,諸如脂肪族酮,像2-丁酮;烷基二醇醚,諸如丙二醇甲基醚;或(環)烷醇;環狀酮,諸如環戊酮;芳香族醚,諸如苯甲醚;或極性非質子溶劑,諸如烷基酯、醯胺或碸。
在又另一個實施方式中,基於組成物的總重量,聚合物組成物包含1至50wt.%、或較佳的是5至40wt.%、或甚至更較佳的是10至30wt.%的配製物固體。
在實施方式中,聚合物組成物可包含介電填料。介電填料可以包括陶瓷。令人希望的是介電填料係奈米或微米大小的填料。以「奈米」為開端的術語具有小於100奈米的最大尺寸。微米大小的填料係具有範圍101奈米至5000奈米(5微米)的最大尺寸的填料。微米大小的填料被稱為微填料,並以術語「微」為開端。
介電填料可以具有任何形狀,並且可以是一維填料(例如,奈米線)、二維幾何形狀(例如,薄片)或三維幾何形狀(例如,球形顆粒,諸如布基球)。介電填料形狀之實例包括線、管、薄片、球體、橢圓體、棱錐體、圓錐體等、或其組合。介電填料可以是奈米線、奈米管、奈米點、奈米薄片、奈米棒、具有球形形狀的奈米顆粒、奈米片、微線、微管、微點、微薄片、微棒、具有球形形狀的微顆粒、微片等、或其組合。
在實施方式中,一維填料和二維填料可以具有5至100,000、較佳的是10至50,000並且更較佳的是100至5,000的縱橫比。
介電填料可以是金屬氧化物、金屬碳化物、金屬碳氧化物、金屬氮化物、金屬氮氧化物、金屬硼化物、金屬硼碳化物、硼氮化物、金屬矽化物、金屬碘化物、金屬溴化物、金屬硫化物、金屬硒化物、金屬碲化物、金屬氟化物、金屬硼矽化物、中空球形顆粒(例如中空球形二氧化矽)、核殼結構填料、有機填料(諸如聚四氟乙烯或苯乙烯丁二烯顆粒)等、或其組合。介電填料的實例包括氧化鋁、氧化鎂、氧化鋯、二氧化鈦、氧化銻錫、鈦酸鋇、鈦酸鈣銅、鈦酸鉛、鈦酸鉛鎂、鈦酸鋇釹、鈦酸鉛鋯、鈦酸鍶、鈦酸鈣、氮化硼、六方氮化硼、氮化鋁、氮化矽、碳化矽、二氧化矽、天然或合成來源的金剛石等、或其組合。填料顆粒可以具有上面列出的每種類型的各種物理形式,並且顆粒可以是所提及的材料的混合物,並且具有化學計量的和非化學計量的混合氧化物、氮化物和碳化物。該等的更具體實例包括具有混合的化學計量和非化學計量之組合的Al2O3、AIN、MgO、ZnO、BeO、BN、Si3N4、SiC、SiO、和SiO2。較佳的介電填料係球形二氧化矽。
該等介電填料還可含有反應性表面,以形成緊密的共價鍵合的混合有機-無機均質材料。在實施方式中,已經對無機填料顆粒進行了表面處理以引入表面官能基,該表面官能基使與有機聚合物基本上完全共反應。該官能基可
包括羥基、羧基、胺基、(甲基)丙烯酸酯基、矽烷基和乙烯基中的至少一種,或類似的並且沒有限制。
當使用時,介電填料可以例如以基於聚合物組成物的總重量的至少1或至少5、或至少10、或至少20、或至少30一直到80、或最高達75或最高達70重量%的量存在於可交聯聚合物組成物中。
聚合物組成物可包含一種或多種可加成聚合的交聯劑單體,該交聯劑單體具有2000克/莫耳或更小、或更較佳的是1500克/莫耳或更小之數均分子量,並且含有兩個或更多個、或三個或更多個可加成聚合之基團,諸如烯丙基或(甲基)丙烯酸酯基團,或更較佳的是,丙氧基化三羥甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯、三環癸烷二甲醇二丙烯酸酯、異氰脲酸三烯丙酯(TAIC)或雙馬來醯亞胺,諸如2,2,4-三甲基己烷的雙馬來醯亞胺(BMI-TMH),其前提係當含芳基環丁烯的單體A在芳基環丁烯環上包含烷基、芳基或烷基芳基取代基或包含將芳基環丁烯環連接在可加成聚合的基團上的烷基、芳基或烷基芳基取代基時,可加成聚合的交聯劑單體包含兩個或更多個烯丙基。
根據本發明之組成物,該一種或多種交聯劑單體中的可加成聚合的基團與來自單體A的芳基環丁烯基團的莫耳當量數之莫耳比範圍可以是0.25:1至2.0:1、或者較佳的是0.8:1至1.6:1。
根據本發明,基於聚合物組成物的總重量,可聚合交聯劑單體占1或5或10wt.%至50或40或30wt.%。
在某些實施方式中,特別是根據可用於在載體上形成乾片介電聚合物的組成物可以進一步包含黏合促進劑。這可以是具有2000或更小、或更較佳
的是1500或更小的式量的一種或多種含雜原子的分子,已知該分子可以組裝到金屬表面上並使其鈍化,其中最較佳的組裝並且鈍化銅表面,該分子選自:
氮雜環,諸如吡咯、吡唑啉、咪唑、三唑、四唑、吲哚、吲唑、苯并咪唑和苯并三唑,以及被例如但不限於烷基或芳基取代的異構物和類似分子;可加成聚合的氮雜環,如諸如N-乙烯基吡啶或其他乙烯基吡啶異構物(諸如2-乙烯基吡啶)、N-乙烯基咪唑或其他乙烯基咪唑異構物(諸如4-乙烯基咪唑)、乙烯基三唑;含有氮和硫兩者的雜環,諸如吡啶硫酮、苯并噻唑和異構物、三三硫醇及其衍生物;磷酸酯,諸如(2-甲基丙烯醯氧基乙基)磷酸酯;羧酸,諸如3-巰基丙酸、2,2'-硫代二乙酸、月桂酸、硬脂酸、油酸、萘甲酸;或含有金屬雜原子的其他黏合促進分子,諸如鈦酸四乙酯、鈦酸四丁酯、鈦酸四乙基己酯、鋯酸四丁酯和鋯酸四丙酯。
根據本發明,基於組成物的總重量,黏合促進劑較佳的是占0.005或0.01至5或者0.05至1wt.%。
在某些實施方式中,特別是根據可用於在載體上形成乾片介電聚合物的組成物進一步包含一種或多種工業上已知的主抗氧化劑,以穩定聚合物系統抵抗氧化降解。抗氧化劑可選自:受阻酚類抗氧化劑,諸如來自巴斯夫公司(BASF)的Irganox 1010、Irganox 1035、Irganox 1076、Irganox 1098、Irganox 1135、Irganox 1141、Irganox 1330、Irganox 1425、Irganox 1520L、Irganox 245、Irganox 259、Irganox 3114、Irganox 3114、Irganox 5057、Irganox 565,來自Amfine化學公司(Amfine Chemical Corporation)的受阻酚AO-20、AO-30、AO-40、AO-50、以及AO-80;亞磷酸酯抗氧化劑,諸如來自Mayzo公司的Benefos 1618、Benefos 1626、Benefos 1680;亞膦酸酯/受阻酚協同抗氧化劑共混物,諸如Irganox B1171、Irganox B215、Irganox 225、Irganox B501W、Irganox B900。
根據本發明,基於組成物的總重量,用作單一組分或用作多種組分的共混物的抗氧化劑占0.01或0.02至10或者5至2wt.%。
在某些實施方式中,特別是根據可用於在載體上形成乾片介電聚合物的組成物進一步包含一種或視需要兩種或更多種工業上已知的阻燃劑材料。阻燃劑材料完全不含鹵素,並且可以選自:具有2000或更小、或更較佳的是1500或更小的式量的磷基分子,諸如9,10-二氫-9-氧雜-10-磷雜菲-10-氧化物(DOPO)、10-(2,5-二羥基苯基)-9,10-二氫-9-氧雜-10-磷雜菲-10-氧化物(DOPO-HQ)、10-[2-(1,4-二羥基萘基)]-9,10-二氫-9-氧雜-10-磷雜菲-10-氧化物(DOPO-NQ)、磷酸三苯酯、磷酸三乙酯、磷酸甲苯基二苯酯、四苯基間苯二酚雙(磷酸二苯酯);低聚磷材料,諸如Fyrolflex RDP、ADK STAB FP-600、ADK STAB FP-800;金屬水合物,諸如三水合鋁和三水合鎂;金屬亞膦酸鹽,諸如三亞膦酸鋁(Exolit OP 935、Exolit OP 945、Exolit OP 1312);氮雜環分子及其鹽,諸如三聚氰胺、三聚氰胺氰尿酸鹽、氰尿酸三烯丙酯、異氰脲酸三烯丙酯、Flamestab NOR116、異氰脲酸三甲基烯丙酯。
根據本發明,基於組成物的總重量,用作單一組分或用作多種組分的共混物的阻燃劑較佳的是占1或2或3至50或20或12wt.%。
在實施方式中,使用已知的層壓方法將包含可交聯聚合物組成物的膜層壓在基材上。例如,可以藉由將要層壓的層放置在至少50℃但不超過135℃之溫度下的板或輥之間來進行層壓。使用真空和壓制力可以是有幫助的。例如,在使用壓板或輥磨機進行真空層壓中,將支撐在塑膠載體上的厚度為1至200微米(μm)的固體介電薄膜在真空室中加熱,並且然後用0.01至5MPa的壓力的力將其壓制到基材上。
如指出的,可以使用諸如聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)膜等之載體膜進行層壓。層壓PET/可交聯聚合物組成物片,使得可交聯聚合物組成物與基材接觸。可以根據期望的製程在燒蝕之前、燒蝕之後、固化之前或固化之後去除PET膜。可替代地,PET膜可以保持附接。
層壓之後,使可交聯聚合物組成物經受雷射燒蝕以形成到交聯聚合物層中或穿過交聯聚合物層到基材的一個或多個通孔。例如,具有9至12微米、更較佳的是9.4至10.6微米的波長的CO2雷射器以足夠的功率指向介電薄膜,以藉由蒸發、昇華、電漿轉化、物理噴出或該等的任何或所有組合去除光束下方的材料。例如,可以使用10Hz至250kHz的脈率以及0.01瓦特至500瓦特的功率輸出來產生通孔。可以定制光點大小以產生大小範圍係40微米一直到150微米的通孔。可替代地,可以使用其他合適的雷射源,諸如波長為248nm的KrF準分子雷射器、波長為308nm的XeCl準分子雷射器、波長為532nm的倍頻Nd:YAG雷射器、或波長為355nm的三倍頻Nd:YAG雷射器。
如本文揭露之方法在所形成的通孔中提供了出人意料地良好的尺寸完整性。例如,通孔在可交聯的(或在固化之後交聯的)聚台物組成物的層的表面之頂部處將具有通孔的橫截面的尺寸。通孔可以呈期望的任何形狀,但是在橫截面上通常是基本上圓形或橢圓形的。基本上圓柱形的通孔在許多應用中是有用的。因此,尺寸可以是通孔開口的直徑或通孔開口的橫截面的最大尺寸之其他量度。通孔在通孔的底部處還將具有通孔的橫截面之尺寸。根據某些實施方式,尺寸之長度(例如,在通孔的底部處或附近的通孔的橫截面之直徑或最大尺寸之其他量度)是通孔的頂部處的尺寸的至少50%、60%、70%、75%、80%、90%。
通孔之橫截面尺寸(例如通孔開口的直徑或寬度)可以是如期望的並且如在工業中使用或有用的任何尺寸。例如,通孔可具有至少50或60或70微
米且不超過200或180或150微米的橫截面。根據某些實施方式的通孔深度可以是可交聯的(或在固化之後交聯的)層的整個厚度。通孔可具有例如至少1、5、10、20、30、40或50微米的深度。通孔可具有例如小於300或250或200或150微米的深度。
視需要,然後可以發生附加的加工,諸如填充通孔並添加附加的層,重複層壓步驟和燒蝕以形成另一層等。或者可以在進行此種附加的加工之前固化製品。
在雷射燒蝕之後,熱固化製品。固化溫度係至少140℃、較佳的是至少150℃、並且更較佳的是至少160℃、並且不超過230℃、較佳的是不超過220℃並且更較佳的是不超過200℃。較佳的聚合物之固化氣氛可以是環境空氣或氮氣。固化時間可以是至少20分鐘、更較佳的是至少30分鐘、或至少40分鐘,但較佳的是不超過240分鐘、更較佳的是不超過120分鐘、又更較佳的是不超過90分鐘、或不超過60分鐘。
藉由在配備有聚四氟乙烯(TeflonTM聚合物,杜邦公司(Dupont))塗覆的熱電偶和頂置式機械攪拌器的100ml EasyMaxTM 402基本合成工作站(梅特勒托利多公司,哥倫比亞,馬里蘭州(Mettler Toledo,Columbia,MD))反應器中使表1中列出的單體反應來製造聚合物A-D。將表1中列出的環戊酮和單體在攪拌下裝入反應器中,並將反應器加熱至80℃。在分開的50ml玻璃注射器中,將環戊酮和V65引發劑(和光純藥化學株式會社(Wako Chemical))之溶液裝入,並使用注射泵在12小時時間段內滴加到反應器中,然後將反應器在80℃下保持另外3小時。完成後,將反應器冷卻至室溫,並將所得聚合物溶液倒入玻璃廣口瓶中。
然後如表2中陳述的藉由將所有組分添加到廣口瓶中並混合來配製實例1-6之聚合物組成物,其中所有數字均為重量份。聚合物A、B、C和D的各自的重量平均分子量係大於30,000g/mol。為了生產用於確定黏度特性之樣品,將組成物使用5密耳的不銹鋼刮塗棒(drawdown bar)直接塗覆到玻璃板上,並且然後在對流烘箱中在105℃下乾燥10min以去除溶劑,然後使用剃刀刀片將其從板上刮下,並且裝載到從TA儀器公司(TA Instruments)購買的Ares G2平行板流變儀上。為了生產用於確定玻璃化轉變溫度之樣品,將組成物使用5密耳之不銹鋼刮塗棒塗覆到PET膜上,並且然後在對流烘箱中在105℃下乾燥10min以去除溶劑。將所產生的膜真空層壓到帶有薄濺射沈積的Cu層之矽片上,並且對於實例1-5,在對流烘箱中在180℃下熱固化1小時,並且對於實例6,在對流烘箱中在220℃下熱固化1小時。一旦固化,將PET移除,並且將所得結構浸泡在10%的過硫酸銨浴中,以溶解濺射的Cu層並釋放交聯的聚合物膜。將釋放的聚合物膜修整至10mm寬度,並且裝載到從TA儀器公司購買的Q800動態機械分析儀上。數據在表3中。
其中AO係來自巴斯夫公司的Irganox 1010,其為新戊四醇四(3,5-二-三級丁基-4羥基氫肉桂酸酯)抗氧化劑,FM1係來自贏創公司(Evonik)的TEGOFlow 370,其為聚丙烯酸酯樹脂流動調節劑,FM2係來自湛新公司(Allnex)的Modaflow Resin,其為聚丙烯酸酯樹脂流動調節劑,CL A係來自沙多瑪公司(Sartomer)的SR833S,其為三環癸烷二甲醇二丙烯酸酯交聯劑,CL B係來自贏創公司的TAIC,其為異氰脲酸三烯丙酯,1,3,5-三-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-三酮,1,3,5-三-2-丙烯-1-基交聯劑,
CL C係來自大阪有機化學工業株式會社(Osaka Organic Chemical Industry Ltd)的BAC45,其為羥基封端的聚丁二烯二丙烯酸酯交聯劑,CL D係來自沙特基礎工業公司(Sabic)的SA9000,其為甲基丙烯酸甲酯封端的聚苯醚樹脂交聯劑,CL E係來自沙多瑪公司的SR492,其為丙氧基化三羥甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯交聯劑,AP1係來自沙多瑪公司的SR9012,其為2-丙烯酸,2-乙基-2-[[(1-側氧基-2-丙烯基)氧基]甲基]-1,3-丙烷二基酯黏合促進劑,AP2係來自城北化學工業株式會社(JOHOKU CHEMICALS)的BZT,其為1,2,3-苯并三唑黏合促進劑,FR1係來自科萊恩公司(Clariant AG)的Exolit OP945TP,其為二乙基亞膦酸鋁阻燃劑,FR2係來自以色列化工公司(ICL-IP)的Fyrolflex RDP,其為間苯二酚雙(磷酸二苯酯)阻燃劑,S1係來自Admatechs公司的0.5umSV-C6,其為(乙烯基)三甲氧基(乙烯基)矽烷表面處理過的二氧化矽,平均直徑為0.5um,上刀口為5um,S2係來自Admatechs公司的0.5umSV-C8,其為(己基乙烯基)7-辛烯基三甲氧基矽烷表面處理過的二氧化矽,平均直徑為0.5um,上刀口為5um,S3係來自Admatechs公司的0.3umSV-C3,其為礦物填料(三甲氧基(乙烯基)矽烷表面處理過的二氧化矽,平均直徑為0.3um,上刀口為1um),S4係來自Admatechs公司的SC2050-MTM,其為礦物填料[3-甲基丙烯醯氧基)丙基]三甲氧基矽烷表面處理過的二氧化矽,平均直徑為0.5um,上刀口為5um,L1係乙酸丁酯,L2係戊酮,
L3係環戊酮,L4係2-丁酮。
使用Meiki MVLP-500/600真空層壓機、使用120℃的上和下壓板溫度、0.85MPa的壓力、以及在60s(秒)的真空時間和60s之壓力時間下,將如塗覆在PET上的每個聚合物組成物實例層壓在覆銅玻璃環氧電路基材上。使用波長為9.6μm、在0.75W的功率輸出下操作的、具有300Hz的脈率以及115μm的孔徑大小的CO2雷射器燒蝕每個實例以形成通孔,並且然後對於實例1-6在180℃下固化1小時,並且對於實例7在220℃下固化1小時。對於樣品1-4,在燒蝕之前移除了PET載體層,並且觀察到由於雷射反射引起的一定量的表面損傷,但是通孔保持開放。對於實例5-7,PET在燒蝕期間保持附接並且幾乎沒有觀察到表面損傷。
根據表4中陳述的配製物製備了兩種苯乙烯苯并環丁烯聚合物配製物。藉由使用6密耳的不銹鋼刮塗棒將液體材料刮塗到玻璃板上來生產用於黏度測量之樣品。在常規烘箱中將材料在120℃下軟烘烤10分鐘以去除溶劑後,用刀片將材料從玻璃上刮下。將所得固體材料裝載到Ares G2平行板流變儀(TA儀器公司)上。結果示出於圖2中。
藉由使用6密耳的不銹鋼刮塗棒將液體材料刮塗到聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)片上來生產用於雷射燒蝕的介電乾膜樣品。在常規烘箱中將膜在120℃下軟烘烤10分鐘以產生支撐在PET上的介電乾膜。然後使用Meiki層壓機將該等介電乾膜層壓到化學粗糙化的覆銅層壓件電路板上。將兩個壓板加熱至120℃,抽真空60s,隨後施加0.85MPa的壓力持續60秒。然後使用以下條件使用CO2雷射器燒蝕組裝好的測試試樣:頻率(LRR):200Hz,脈衝編號:10(10p)和20(20p),脈衝持續時間:2us,雷射器功率:1.9W,光點掩模大小:50um
雷射器波長:9.8um。
雷射燒蝕後,將試樣在對流烘箱中在180℃下固化1小時。固化循環後,將PET移除,並使用掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)對試樣進行成像。(參見圖
3)。在較低黏度的對比實例(圖3(B))中看到回流,而對於實例8(圖3(A))沒有看到回流。
製備與以上實例5相同的兩種組成物實例,並將其如以上描述的塗覆在PET基材上並層壓。如以上描述的將實例9進行雷射燒蝕,並且然後在180℃下固化1小時。將對比實例B在180℃下固化1小時,並且然後如以上描述的將其進行雷射燒蝕。然後使用來自杜邦的電子和成像業務或附屬公司(DuPont's Electronics and Imaging business or an affiliate)的CircupositTM除膠渣化學浴使用在表5中描述的製程參數測試樣品的除膠渣有效性。將燒蝕的樣品在規定溫度下順序地浸入每個製程浴中持續規定時間。在每個製程浴步驟之間,將樣品用室溫水沖洗2min,以去除任何殘留的浴化學品。然後將樣品乾燥並使用掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)進行成像,以確定加工後在通孔底部處剩餘的殘餘物的量。如在圖4(A)(對比B)和圖4(B)(實例9)中示出的,在固化之前被燒蝕的實例9示出了更好的性能,如與對於對比B在通孔底部處的增加的殘餘物的量相比,藉由在通孔底部處的減少的殘餘物的量指示的。
Claims (15)
- 一種製造印刷線路板的方法,其包括:將具有包含可交聯聚合物組成物的層之片材層壓在基材上,其中該可交聯聚合物組成物在層壓溫度下具有200Pa‧s至100,000Pa‧s之黏度,並且其中該可交聯聚合物組成物包含具有30,000至150,000g/mol的重量平均分子量之可交聯聚合物,藉由雷射燒蝕在該可交聯聚合物組成物層中形成至少一個通孔;以及在形成該至少一個通孔之後,固化該可交聯聚合物組成物層。
- 如請求項1所述之方法,其中,該層壓在90℃至135℃之溫度下發生並且該固化在140℃至200℃之溫度下發生。
- 如請求項1或2所述之方法,其中,該可交聯聚合物組成物在100℃至160℃之溫度範圍內具有至少1000Pa‧s的最小黏度。
- 如請求項1或2所述之方法,其中,層壓溫度下的該黏度係5000Pa‧s至60,000Pa‧s。
- 如請求項1或2所述之方法,其中,該可交聯聚合物組成物包含可交聯聚合物,該可交聯聚合物係包含至少一種可加成聚合的芳基環丁烯單體的反應混合物之反應產物。
- 如請求項5所述之方法,其中,該至少一種可加成聚合的芳基環丁烯單體具有結構(1)或(2),或使用具有結構(1)和/或(2)的單體之組合
- 如請求項5所述之方法,其中,該反應混合物進一步包含選自以下群組之第二芳香族可加成聚合之單體,該群組由以下各項組成:苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯、烯丙氧基苯乙烯、烯丙基封端的聚伸芳基醚或馬來醯亞胺封端的聚伸芳基醚。
- 如請求項5所述之方法,其中,該反應混合物進一步包含選自以下群組之第三可加成聚合的單體,該群組由以下各項組成:丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯;馬來醯亞胺和雙馬來醯亞胺;環狀酸酐;含烯丙基的單體;直鏈和支鏈烯烴。
- 如請求項6所述之方法,其中,該反應混合物進一步包含選自以下群組之單體,該群組由以下各項組成:含苯并環丁烯(BCB)的交聯劑;甲基丙烯酸烯丙酯;二乙烯基苯;二烯;烯丙氧基苯乙烯;乙烯基、烯丙基或馬來醯亞胺封端之多元醇;聚矽氧烷;或馬來醯亞胺封端的聚醯亞胺。
- 如請求項1或2所述之方法,其中,該可交聯聚合物組成物進一步包含交聯劑、抗氧化劑、無機填料、流動調節劑、黏合促進劑和阻燃劑中的一種或多種。
- 如請求項1或2所述之方法,其中,包含該可交聯聚合物組成物的該層在載體層上。
- 如請求項11所述之方法,其中,在該雷射燒蝕之前不去除該載體層。
- 如請求項11所述之方法,其中,將包含該可交聯聚合物組成物的該層從溶劑塗覆在該載體層上,並加熱以去除該溶劑之至少一些。
- 如請求項1或2所述之方法,其中,該通孔具有在該通孔的底部處限定開放空間之尺寸,該尺寸係在該通孔的頂部處限定開放空間的尺寸之至少70%。
- 如請求項1或2所述之方法,其中,在進行該固化之前,重複該層壓和形成通孔。
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JP6982118B2 (ja) | 2021-12-17 |
US11337309B2 (en) | 2022-05-17 |
TW202102073A (zh) | 2021-01-01 |
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CN111683472A (zh) | 2020-09-18 |
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