TWI790329B - 蘆薈粉末的製造方法以及蘆薈粉末 - Google Patents
蘆薈粉末的製造方法以及蘆薈粉末 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI790329B TWI790329B TW107144255A TW107144255A TWI790329B TW I790329 B TWI790329 B TW I790329B TW 107144255 A TW107144255 A TW 107144255A TW 107144255 A TW107144255 A TW 107144255A TW I790329 B TWI790329 B TW I790329B
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- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- aloe
- hot water
- powder
- mesophyll
- compounds
- Prior art date
Links
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Classifications
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- A23L21/00—Marmalades, jams, jellies or the like; Products from apiculture; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
本發明提供一種將蘆薈粉末中的環羊毛脂烷化合物、膽甾烯醇化合物濃縮之方法。本發明中,藉由將蘆薈葉肉浸漬於熱水中,且將自熱水回收之蘆薈葉肉乾燥並粉碎,而製造蘆薈粉末。
Description
本發明係關於一種蘆薈粉末的製造方法。更具體而言,係關於一種於將蘆薈的葉肉進行粉末化時,將作為蘆薈特有的功能性成分的植物固醇濃縮之方法。
蘆薈係屬於蘆薈屬之多肉植物的總稱,有300種以上之品種。其中,庫拉索蘆薈(Aloe vera)係長年以外用或內服之方法用於民間療法之植物。近年來,蘆薈所具有之功能性備受關注,業界正研究將蘆薈用於功能性食品、補充品、醫藥品、化妝品等。
作為蘆薈中所含有之功能性成分,已知有植物固醇,其中環羊毛脂烷(cyclolanostane)化合物(9,19-環羊毛脂烷-3-醇、24-亞甲基-9,19-環羊毛脂烷-3-醇)及膽甾烯醇(lophenol)化合物(4-甲基膽甾-7-烯-3-醇、4-甲基麥角甾-7-烯-3-醇、4-甲基豆甾-7-烯-3-醇)係蘆薈的特徵性成分,如以抗糖尿病作用(非專利文獻1)為代表而發現有各種功能性。
作為萃取蘆薈中所含有之環羊毛脂烷化合物、膽甾烯醇化合物之方法,於專利文獻1中,揭示有利用超臨界萃取之精製方法。
另外,作為植物固醇的萃取方法,例如於專利文獻2中揭示有以下之方法:使用甲醇自菜籽油及大豆油中回收植物固醇;將粗植物固醇浸漬於有機溶劑中後,將有機溶劑分離而分離植物固醇。
另外,作為蘆薈粉末的製造方法,於專利文獻3中記載有以下之方法:利用多糖類分解酵素將蘆薈葉肉溶液進行酵素分解,藉由微濾膜或超濾膜進行膜過濾而回收保持組分,且揭示有藉此獲得包含β-谷固醇、磷脂質及食物纖維之蘆薈萃取物。另外,於專利文獻3之實施例中,記載有將環羊毛脂烷化合物、膽甾烯醇化合物濃縮1.5倍左右。
另一方面,對於蘆薈粉末中所含之多糖類,發現有消炎作用等各種功能性(專利文獻4)。
於專利文獻5中揭示有一種製造蘆薈粉末之方法,特徵在於:將庫拉索蘆薈的凝膠浸漬於水或濃度極低的水溶液中,藉此使蘆薈素的含有率為25ppm以下,所含有之多糖類的分子量為300萬道爾頓以上。
[先前技術文獻]
[專利文獻]
專利文獻1:日本特許第4095115號公報。
專利文獻2:日本特許第4796695號公報。
專利文獻3:日本特許第6066537號公報。
專利文獻4:日本特表2005-524617號公報。
專利文獻5:日本特許第4871735號公報。
非專利文獻1: Biol. Pharm. Bull., 2006, 29, 1418 – 1422。
[發明所欲解決之課題]
於專利文獻1中所記載之將環羊毛脂烷化合物、膽甾烯醇化合物濃縮之方法中,有需要巨大的裝置,且加工花費高額的費用之問題。
於專利文獻3中所記載之將植物固醇濃縮之方法就環羊毛脂烷化合物、膽甾烯醇化合物之濃縮之觀點而言有效,但由於需要酵素處理、過濾等步驟,故而要求以更簡便的方法進行濃縮之方法。另外,於如專利文獻3般將多糖類進行酵素分解之情形時,根據酵素處理的條件,有多糖類低分子化而無法獲得源自蘆薈葉肉之所需之物性或功能性之情況。
另外,專利文獻2、5中所記載之方法雖然並非著眼於環羊毛脂烷化合物、膽甾烯醇化合物之濃縮,但關於如專利文獻2般使用有機溶劑萃取植物固醇之方法,就有機溶劑之處理之觀點而言,有對作業人員造成負擔之問題等。
雖日益期待將蘆薈中所含之環羊毛脂烷化合物、膽甾烯醇化合物應用於功能性食品等中,但另一方面,先前的環羊毛脂烷化合物、膽甾烯醇化合物的精製方法以使用特殊的裝置、試劑、溶劑的方法為主,尤其是於食品等中的利用受到限制。
另外,植物固醇於常溫下為蠟狀的半固形且為不溶性,因此將該植物固醇精製而成之原料亦有不易加工成醫藥品或食品之課題。
因此,本發明之課題在於提供一種蘆薈粉末,以高濃度包含環羊毛脂烷化合物、膽甾烯醇化合物,適於食品加工。
另外,本發明的又一課題在於提供一種蘆薈粉末,以高濃度包含環羊毛脂烷化合物、膽甾烯醇化合物,且包含葡甘露聚糖(glucomannan)。
[用以解決課題的手段]
本發明者等人進行了研究,結果發現,將剝離了外皮之蘆薈葉肉浸漬於熱水中後,回收該蘆薈葉肉並進行粉末化,藉此將包含環羊毛脂烷化合物、膽甾烯醇化合物之植物固醇濃縮,從而完成了以下之發明。
亦即,解決前述課題之本發明係一種製造包含植物固醇之蘆薈粉末的方法,且包括:熱水浸漬步驟,將蘆薈葉肉浸漬於熱水中;回收步驟,回收前述浸漬於熱水中的蘆薈葉肉;及粉末化步驟,將前述回收之蘆薈葉肉乾燥並粉碎。
根據本發明之蘆薈粉末的製造方法,可簡便地製造以高濃度含有包含環羊毛脂烷化合物、膽甾烯醇化合物之植物固醇之蘆薈粉末。進而,根據本發明之蘆薈粉末的製造方法,可製造充分地包含以蘆薈中所含之葡甘露聚糖為主體之多糖類之蘆薈粉末。另外,根據本發明之製造方法,可獲得水分散性優異,適於加工成醫藥品、食品、化妝品等之蘆薈粉末。
於本發明之較佳的形態中,前述熱水為70℃以上。
藉由將熱水的溫度設為前述範圍,可將環羊毛脂烷化合物、膽甾烯醇化合物有效率地濃縮。
於本發明之較佳的形態中,於前述熱水浸漬步驟中,將前述蘆薈葉肉浸漬於該蘆薈葉肉之10倍質量以上之熱水中。
藉由將熱水的量設為前述範圍,可將環羊毛脂烷化合物、膽甾烯醇化合物有效率地濃縮。
於本發明之較佳的形態中,在前述熱水浸漬步驟之前包括切斷步驟,前述切斷步驟係將蘆薈葉肉以最大長度成為30mm以下之方式切斷。
藉由在熱水浸漬步驟之前,將蘆薈葉肉切斷成前述範圍,可將環羊毛脂烷化合物、膽甾烯醇化合物有效率地濃縮。
於本發明之較佳的形態中,前述植物固醇包含環羊毛脂烷化合物及膽甾烯醇化合物,且兩化合物的合計量相對於前述蘆薈粉末1g為80μg以上。
於本發明之較佳的形態中,所製造之蘆薈粉末包含葡甘露聚糖,且該葡甘露聚糖的含量相對於前述蘆薈粉末1g為40mg以上。
另外,解決前述課題之本發明係一種藉由本發明之製造方法而製造之蘆薈粉末。
本發明之蘆薈粉末於蘆薈葉肉的組織中,以高濃度包含環羊毛脂烷化合物、膽甾烯醇化合物。另外,本發明之蘆薈粉末包含充分量的葡甘露聚糖。另外,本發明之蘆薈粉末由於水分散性優異,故而容易加工成醫藥品、食品、功能性食品、化妝品等。
另外,解決前述課題之本發明係一種將蘆薈葉肉乾燥並粉碎而成之蘆薈粉末,且該蘆薈粉末相對於蘆薈粉末1g,包含葡甘露聚糖40mg以上,且包含合計量為80μg以上之環羊毛脂烷化合物及膽甾烯醇化合物。
本發明之蘆薈粉末由於以高濃度包含葡甘露聚糖及環羊毛脂烷化合物、膽甾烯醇化合物,加工性亦優異,故而作為功能性食品等的原料有用。
[發明功效]
根據本發明,可提供一種簡便地將蘆薈粉末中的植物固醇、尤其是環羊毛脂烷化合物及膽甾烯醇化合物濃縮之方法。另外,根據本發明,可提供一種包含較多環羊毛脂烷化合物及膽甾烯醇化合物、或葡甘露聚糖,且可容易地加工成食品等之蘆薈粉末。
其次,對本發明之較佳的實施形態詳細地進行說明。但是,本發明並不限定於以下之較佳的實施形態,可於本發明之範圍內自由地變更。再者,於本說明書中只要無特別說明,則百分率係基於質量之表示。
本發明之製造方法包括:熱水浸漬步驟,將蘆薈葉肉浸漬於熱水中;回收步驟,回收前述浸漬於熱水中的蘆薈葉肉;及粉末化步驟,將前述回收之蘆薈葉肉乾燥並粉碎。
另外,於較佳的實施形態中,在前述熱水浸漬步驟之前,包括將蘆薈葉肉切斷之切斷步驟。
<1>蘆薈粉末的製造方法
(1)蘆薈葉肉
本發明之製造方法中用作原料之蘆薈葉肉係由屬於蘆薈屬(Aloe)之植物獲得之葉肉,較佳為庫拉索蘆薈(Aloe vera)的葉肉。
作為蘆薈葉肉,可使用自蘆薈的活葉剝離外皮,摘除葉肉部分所得的部分,亦可使用將蘆薈的活葉裁斷而使葉肉部分露出所得的部分。
另外,葉肉表面視需要進行洗淨。藉由將葉肉表面進行洗淨,可將蒽醌等成分去除。另外,於進行後述之切斷步驟之情形時,藉由預先將表面的黏性物質去除而容易進行切斷。洗淨例如可利用將蘆薈葉肉於常溫(5℃至35℃)之水中進行洗淨之方法進行。
(2)切斷步驟
切斷步驟係將蘆薈葉肉切斷之步驟,較佳為在熱水浸漬步驟之前進行。藉由進行切斷,可將環羊毛脂烷化合物及膽甾烯醇化合物高效率地濃縮。
作為切斷片的大小,較佳為最大長度為30mm以下,較佳為15mm以下。切斷片的大小的下限值並無特別限定,以最大長度為10mm作為標準。但是,本發明中的切斷係以切斷片維持蘆薈葉肉的組織之方式進行。如此,藉由在維持蘆薈葉肉的組織之狀態下進行切斷,於接下來的熱水浸漬步驟中,可將環羊毛脂烷化合物及膽甾烯醇化合物、較佳為進而將葡甘露聚糖保持於蘆薈葉肉的組織中,並且將其他成分高效率地去除。
切斷方法並無特別限制,可使用將蘆薈葉肉按壓成長條(slit)之方法。
再者,於使用按壓成長條之方法之情形時,前述之切斷片的大小可視為與長條寬度相同。
(3)熱水浸漬步驟
熱水浸漬步驟較佳為將經過切斷步驟之蘆薈葉肉浸漬於熱水中之步驟。本發明中,所謂熱水,係指高於60℃之溫度,較佳為70℃以上。
熱水的溫度例如為80℃以上、85℃以上、或90℃以上。藉此,可將環羊毛脂烷化合物及膽甾烯醇化合物於蘆薈葉肉中高效率地濃縮。另外,熱水的溫度的上限較佳為100℃。藉由將100℃設為上限,可獲得褐變得到抑制之外觀優異之蘆薈粉末。
浸漬時間並無特別限制,較佳為2分鐘以上。
作為浸漬溫度與浸漬時間之組合,可較佳地列舉以下之組合。
於95℃至100℃,較佳為1分鐘至5分鐘,進而較佳為2分鐘至4分鐘,尤佳為2分鐘至3分鐘。
於較佳的形態中,浸漬時間的上限係自抑制褐變之觀點考慮而設定。
另外,於熱水浸漬步驟中,關於蘆薈葉肉與熱水的量比(質量),相對於蘆薈葉肉,熱水較佳為10倍質量以上,進而較佳為15倍質量以上,更佳為20倍質量以上。藉由設為此種範圍,濃縮效率提高。若考慮包括水處理在內之生產性,則熱水的量比的上限可以相對於蘆薈葉肉1而熱水為30作為標準。
(4)回收步驟
自熱水中回收浸漬於熱水中的蘆薈葉肉。回收例如藉由放上不銹鋼製篩網等進行即可。
(5)粉末化步驟
將所回收之蘆薈葉肉乾燥並粉碎。亦可一面乾燥一面粉碎。乾燥方法並無特別限制,可使用熱風乾燥、流動層乾燥、噴霧乾燥、轉筒乾燥、低溫乾燥、真空冷凍乾燥、加壓乾燥等。另外,粉碎方法亦無特別限制,可使用衝擊式粉碎、氣流式粉碎、冷凍粉碎等。
<2>蘆薈粉末
本發明之蘆薈粉末可藉由前述之本發明之蘆薈粉末的製造方法而製造。藉由本發明之蘆薈粉末的製造方法而製造之蘆薈粉末具有於蘆薈粉末中所含之以多糖類為主體之組織中包含環羊毛脂烷化合物、膽甾烯醇化合物之結構。
以下,對蘆薈粉末的較佳的實施形態進行說明。
蘆薈粉末中的環羊毛脂烷化合物及膽甾烯醇化合物的含量,兩化合物的合計量相對於蘆薈粉末1g為80μg以上,較佳為100μg以上,進而較佳為110μg以上,尤佳為120μg以上。上限值係以200μg左右為標準。
蘆薈粉末中的葡甘露聚糖的含量相對於蘆薈粉末1g為40mg以上,較佳為50mg以上,進而較佳為55mg以上。上限值係以180mg左右為標準。
另外,作為葡甘露聚糖的平均分子量,較佳為800萬道爾頓至125萬道爾頓,進而較佳為2.5萬道爾頓至95萬道爾頓。
藉由本發明之製造方法所獲得之蘆薈粉末、具有前述之組成之本發明之蘆薈粉末可用作醫藥品、食品、功能性食品、化妝品等的原料。
本發明之蘆薈粉末由於在蘆薈粉末中所含之以多糖類為主體之組織中包含疏水性的環羊毛脂烷化合物、膽甾烯醇化合物,故而水分散性優異。因此,可較佳地用作飲料、果凍等食品、功能性食品的原料。
[實施例]
以下,使用實施例更詳細地說明本發明,但本發明並不限定於這些實施例。
[1]試驗1
本試驗係為了對熱水浸漬步驟對環羊毛脂烷化合物、膽甾烯醇化合物之濃縮所賦予之效果進行驗證而進行。
<實施例1>
將剝離了外皮之庫拉索蘆薈(Aloe vera)的葉肉(以下,稱為蘆薈葉肉)328.8kg洗淨後,按壓成長條(長條寬度15mm)而切斷成一邊的長度為10mm至15mm之立方體狀。繼而,將切斷所得的蘆薈葉肉每25kg於600kg之熱水(96℃)中浸漬2.5分鐘。繼而,使用棚式乾燥機,將浸漬過的蘆薈葉肉於65℃之熱風中乾燥8小時,使用氣流式粉碎機進行粉碎,獲得1.43kg之蘆薈粉末。
<比較例1>
將剝離了外皮之蘆薈葉肉20kg洗淨後,使用棚式乾燥機於65℃之熱風中乾燥8小時,使用氣流式粉碎機進行粉碎,獲得150g之蘆薈粉末(無切斷步驟、無熱水浸漬步驟)。
<比較例2>
將剝離了外皮之蘆薈葉肉16.5kg洗淨後,按壓成長條而切斷成一邊的長度為10mm至15mm之立方體。繼而,使用棚式乾燥機,將切斷所得的蘆薈葉肉於65℃之熱風中乾燥8小時,使用氣流式粉碎機進行粉碎,獲得136g之蘆薈粉末(有切斷步驟、無熱水浸漬步驟)。
針對實施例及比較例之環羊毛脂烷化合物2種(9,19-環羊毛脂烷-3-醇、24-亞甲基-9,19-環羊毛脂烷-3-醇)與膽甾烯醇化合物3種(4-甲基膽甾-7-烯-3-醇、4-甲基麥角甾-7-烯-3-醇、4-甲基豆甾-7-烯-3-醇)的合計值(以下,亦簡稱為「植物固醇合計值」),使用LC-MS(島津製作所公司製造),根據以作為內部標準物質的菜籽固醇(和光純藥工業公司製造)標準品為基礎所製作之檢量線而定量。結果示於表1。
如由表1可知,藉由包括熱水浸漬步驟之製造方法所製造之實施例1之蘆薈粉末相對於藉由不包括熱水浸漬步驟之製造方法所製造之比較例1、比較例2之蘆薈粉末而言,植物固醇合計值顯著高(1.6倍至2倍)。
此處,若將比較例1與比較例2之植物固醇合計值進行比較,則進行了切斷步驟之比較例2相對於未進行切斷步驟之比較例1而言,植物固醇合計值高。然而,藉由熱水浸漬之濃度上升(實施例1及比較例2)相較於藉由切斷之濃度上升(比較例2及比較例1)來得顯著。
由這些結果可知,對於環羊毛脂烷化合物、膽甾烯醇化合物之濃縮而言,熱水浸漬步驟極為重要。另外,可知藉由將切斷步驟與熱水浸漬步驟組合,可將環羊毛脂烷化合物、膽甾烯醇化合物高效率地濃縮。
[2]試驗2
本試驗係為了對切斷步驟中的切斷的程度(熱水浸漬的切斷片的大小)對環羊毛脂烷化合物、膽甾烯醇化合物之濃度所造成之影響進行驗證而進行。
<實施例2>
將剝離了外皮之蘆薈葉肉1kg洗淨後,按壓成長條(長條寬度25mm)而切斷成一邊的長度為20mm至25mm之立方體狀。繼而,將切斷所得的蘆薈葉肉於24kg之熱水(96℃)中浸漬2.5分鐘。繼而,使用棚式乾燥機,將浸漬過的蘆薈葉肉於65℃之熱風中乾燥8小時,使用氣流式粉碎機進行粉碎,獲得8g之蘆薈粉末(有切斷步驟(20mm至25mm)、有熱水浸漬步驟)。
與試驗1同樣地對植物固醇合計值進行定量。與試驗1之實施例1之結果一併示於表2。
由表2可知,切斷步驟藉由以切斷片成為10mm至25mm之大小之方式進行,可將植物固醇高效率地濃縮。另外,可知尤其是藉由以切斷片成為10mm至15mm之大小之方式進行,而使濃縮的效率提高。
[試驗3]
本試驗係為了對熱水浸漬步驟中的蘆薈葉肉與熱水的量比對環羊毛脂烷化合物、膽甾烯醇化合物的濃度所造成之影響進行驗證而進行。
<實施例3>
將剝離了外皮之蘆薈葉肉600g洗淨後,按壓成長條而切斷成一邊的長度為10mm至15mm之立方體。繼而,將切斷所得的蘆薈葉肉於6kg之熱水(96℃)中浸漬2.5分鐘。繼而,使用棚式乾燥機,將浸漬過的蘆薈葉肉於65℃之熱風中乾燥8小時,使用氣流式粉碎機進行粉碎,獲得2.4g之蘆薈粉末(有切斷步驟、有熱水浸漬步驟(蘆薈葉肉:熱水=1:10)。
如由表3可知,關於蘆薈葉肉與熱水的量比(質量),相對於蘆薈葉肉1,熱水較佳為10以上。另外,可知若相對於蘆薈葉肉1,熱水較佳為20以上,則濃縮效率顯著提高。
[試驗4]
本試驗係為了對熱水浸漬步驟中的熱水的溫度對環羊毛脂烷化合物、膽甾烯醇化合物的濃度所造成之影響進行驗證而進行。
<實施例4>
將剝離了外皮之蘆薈葉肉1kg洗淨後,按壓成長條而切斷成一邊的長度為10mm至15mm之立方體。繼而,將切斷所得的蘆薈葉肉於24kg之熱水(90℃)中浸漬2.5分鐘。繼而,使用棚式乾燥機,將浸漬過的蘆薈葉肉於65℃之熱風中乾燥8小時,使用氣流式粉碎機進行粉碎,獲得7.8g之蘆薈粉末(有切斷步驟、有熱水浸漬步驟(90℃))。
<比較例3>
將剝離了外皮之蘆薈葉肉600g洗淨後,按壓成長條而切斷成一邊的長度為10mm至15mm之立方體。繼而,將切斷所得的蘆薈葉肉於14.4kg之熱水(60℃)中浸漬2.5分鐘。繼而,使用棚式乾燥機,將浸漬過的蘆薈葉肉於65℃之熱風中乾燥8小時,使用氣流式粉碎機進行粉碎,獲得2.5g之蘆薈粉末(有切斷步驟、有熱水浸漬步驟(60℃))。
與試驗1同樣地對植物固醇合計值進行定量。與試驗1之實施例1之結果一併示於表4。
如表4可知,必需為水的溫度為高於60℃的溫度的熱水。於使用90℃以上之熱水之情形時,獲得了顯著的濃縮效果。
再者,作為實施例,亦進行如下試驗,亦即將氯化鈉或檸檬酸等酸味料溶解於熱水中,將熱水溫度升高至100℃以上而進行2.5分鐘熱水浸漬。於此種形態中,雖植物固醇合計值為高值,但於所獲得之蘆薈粉末出現褐變。
因此,就製品的外觀之觀點而言,熱水的溫度的上限較佳為100℃。
[試驗5]
本試驗係為了對熱水浸漬步驟中的浸漬時間對環羊毛脂烷化合物、膽甾烯醇化合物的濃度所造成之影響進行驗證而進行。
<實施例5>
將剝離了外皮之蘆薈葉肉2049kg切斷成一邊的長度為10mm至15mm之立方體。繼而,將切斷所得的立方體每25kg於600kg之熱水(96℃)中浸漬4分鐘,繼而,利用棚式乾燥機進行乾燥,獲得6.8kg之蘆薈粉末(有切斷步驟、有熱水浸漬步驟(96℃、4分鐘))。
與試驗1同樣地對植物固醇合計值進行定量。與試驗1之實施例1之結果一併示於表5。
如由表5可知,於將熱水溫度設為96℃、浸漬時間設為4分鐘之情形時,亦為與於熱水溫度96℃下浸漬2.5分鐘之情形大致相同的濃縮效果。
由本實施例可知,植物固醇在2分鐘以內之極短的時間內濃縮。
[試驗6]葡甘露聚糖之量之測定
測定實施例1中所獲得之蘆薈粉末中所含之葡甘露聚糖。測定係藉由J. AOAC. Int., 2005, 88, 684 - 691中所記載之方法而進行。結果示於表6。
根據本試驗之結果,於藉由本發明之製造方法所獲得之蘆薈粉末中,包含充分量之葡甘露聚糖。
由此可知,根據本發明之方法,可維持天然之蘆薈中所含之葡甘露聚糖,並將環羊毛脂烷化合物、膽甾烯醇化合物濃縮。
[試驗7]
本試驗係為了對熱水浸漬步驟中的熱水的溫度對環羊毛脂烷化合物、膽甾烯醇化合物的濃度所造成之影響進行驗證而進行。
<實施例6>
將剝離了外皮之蘆薈葉肉600g洗淨後,按壓成長條而切斷成一邊的長度為10mm至15mm之立方體。繼而,將切斷所得的蘆薈葉肉於14.4kg之熱水(70℃)中浸漬2.5分鐘。繼而,使用棚式乾燥機,將浸漬過的蘆薈葉肉於65℃之熱風中乾燥8小時,使用氣流式粉碎機進行粉碎,獲得2.2g之蘆薈粉末(有切斷步驟、有熱水浸漬步驟(70℃))。
<實施例7>
將剝離了外皮之蘆薈葉肉600g洗淨後,按壓成長條而切斷成一邊的長度為10mm至15mm之立方體。繼而,將切斷所得的蘆薈葉肉於14.4kg之熱水(80℃)中浸漬2.5分鐘。繼而,使用棚式乾燥機,將浸漬過的蘆薈葉肉於65℃之熱風中乾燥8小時,使用氣流式粉碎機進行粉碎,獲得2.5g之蘆薈粉末(有切斷步驟、有熱水浸漬步驟(80℃))。
與試驗1同樣地對植物固醇合計值進行定量。試驗4之實施例4、比較例3之結果一併示於表7。
如由表7可知,於使用60℃之水之比較例3與使用70℃之熱水之實施例6之間,萃取效率有顯著差異。另外,亦可知於70℃至90℃之間,濃縮效率無顯著差異。由此可知,藉由使用70℃以上之熱水,可提高植物固醇的濃縮效率。
<製造例1>
利用實施例1中所記載之方法製造蘆薈粉末,基於表8中所記載之組成製造糖錠。添加蘆薈粉末20g、還原麥芽糖54g、纖維素10g、酸味料5g、乳化劑5g、香料4g、磷酸三鈣1.5g、甜味料0.5g之各粉末並均勻混合,使用打錠機,將錠劑每1錠設為200mg,以12錠/分鐘之打錠速度、9.8KPa之壓力,將前述混合粉末連續地打錠,製造糖錠5000錠(約1000g)。
於製造中,可均勻地進行各成分之混合,可無需造粒等預處理而直接打錠,所製造之糖錠的外觀亦未確認到褐變。
<製造例2>
利用實施例1中所記載之方法製造蘆薈粉末,基於表9中所記載之組成製造果凍。添加蘆薈粉末25g、赤藻糖醇120g、乳化劑50g、麝香葡萄果汁42g、磷酸三鈣15g、凝膠化劑13g、香料10g、甜味料8g、酸味料2g、水715g之各原料並均勻混合,以93℃、1分鐘進行殺菌後,於鋁棒中填充20g而製造果凍50支(約1000g)。
於製造中,可均勻地進行各成分之混合,可無需特殊的乳化等預處理而製造,所製造之果凍的外觀亦未確認到褐變。
<製造例3>
利用實施例1中所記載之方法製造蘆薈粉末,基於表10中所記載之組成製造飲料。添加蘆薈粉末10g、赤藻糖醇60g、酸味料4.9g、香料4g、乳化劑2g、甜味料0.1g、水919g之各原料並均勻地混合,以80℃、30分鐘進行殺菌後,於茶瓶中填充50g而製造飲料20支(約1000g)。
於製造中,可均勻地進行各成分之混合,可無需特殊的乳化等預處理而製造,所製造之飲料亦未見沈澱等且未確認到褐變。
根據本發明,可獲得以高濃度包含環羊毛脂烷化合物、膽甾烯醇化合物且維持有葡甘露聚糖之蘆薈粉末,因此作為醫藥品、食品、功能性食品、化妝品等技術領域中的原料有用。
無。
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Claims (6)
- 一種蘆薈粉末的製造方法,係用以製造包含植物固醇之蘆薈粉末,包括:熱水浸漬步驟,將蘆薈葉肉浸漬於70℃以上之熱水中2分鐘以上;回收步驟,回收前述浸漬於熱水中的蘆薈葉肉;粉末化步驟,將前述回收之蘆薈葉肉乾燥並粉碎;於前述熱水浸漬步驟中,將前述蘆薈葉肉浸漬於前述蘆薈葉肉之10倍質量以上之熱水中。
- 如請求項1所記載之蘆薈粉末的製造方法,其中在前述熱水浸漬步驟之前包括切斷步驟,前述切斷步驟係將蘆薈葉肉以最大長度成為30mm以下之方式切斷。
- 如請求項1或2所記載之蘆薈粉末的製造方法,其中前述植物固醇包含作為環羊毛脂烷化合物之9,19-環羊毛脂烷-3-醇、24-亞甲基-9,19-環羊毛脂烷-3-醇、及作為膽甾烯醇化合物之4-甲基膽甾-7-烯-3-醇、4-甲基麥角甾-7-烯-3-醇、4-甲基豆甾-7-烯-3-醇,且兩化合物的合計量相對於前述蘆薈粉末1g為80μg以上。
- 如請求項1或2所記載之蘆薈粉末的製造方法,其中前述蘆薈粉末包含葡甘露聚糖,且前述葡甘露聚糖的含量相對於前述蘆薈粉末1g為40mg以上。
- 一種蘆薈粉末,係藉由如請求項1至4中任一項所記載之製造方法而製造。
- 一種蘆薈粉末,係將蘆薈葉肉乾燥並粉碎而成;相對於蘆薈粉末1g,包含葡甘露聚糖40mg以上,且包含合計量為80μg以上之作為環羊毛脂烷化合物之9,19-環羊毛脂烷-3-醇、24-亞甲基-9,19-環羊毛脂烷-3-醇、及作為膽甾烯醇 化合物之4-甲基膽甾-7-烯-3-醇、4-甲基麥角甾-7-烯-3-醇、4-甲基豆甾-7-烯-3-醇。
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