TWI779871B - 塗工組成物、附塗工膜之基材、分隔器、二次電池、鋰離子二次電池及電極材料 - Google Patents
塗工組成物、附塗工膜之基材、分隔器、二次電池、鋰離子二次電池及電極材料 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI779871B TWI779871B TW110137779A TW110137779A TWI779871B TW I779871 B TWI779871 B TW I779871B TW 110137779 A TW110137779 A TW 110137779A TW 110137779 A TW110137779 A TW 110137779A TW I779871 B TWI779871 B TW I779871B
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Abstract
本發明的課題主要為提供一種在包含高分子之塗料、油墨、接著劑、鋰離子電池之正極、負極、分隔器等之塗工液,高速塗工性或表面平滑性優異之可塗工的塗工組成物。
本發明的解決手段為一種塗工組成物,其係包含填料、與黏結劑、增黏劑、溶劑之塗工組成物,其特徵為
前述填料的長寬比為2以上,
前述黏結劑為選自二烯橡膠及(甲基)丙烯酸酯聚合物中之至少一種,
以剪斷速度0.01/s測定之塗工組成物的黏度為1.0×10
6Pa・s以下,
下述觸變指數(Thixotropy Index)(TI)為1.1×10
6以上;
[觸變指數(TI)]=[以剪斷速度0.01/s測定之塗工組成物的黏度]/[以剪斷速度10000/s測定之塗工組成物的黏度]。
Description
本發明係關於包含填料與黏結劑與增黏劑之組成物者,主要為關於在包含高分子之塗工組成物,可形成高速塗工性或表面平滑性優異之塗工物之組成物。
於工業領域全般從環境面或安全面的觀點或效率性來看,使用組成物之塗工、印刷技術正被廣泛使用。這般的印刷技術中,期望可在高速且高精度排出必要最低限之組成物並塗佈,而且具有所得之塗工面平滑之所謂高塗工性。
惟,塗工性優異之組成物的物性並無法掌握。
例如,專利文獻1中揭示有藉由將以離子交換水稀釋纖維狀纖維素的懸濁液定為特定之TI(Thixotropy・Index),而得到分散性與塗工容易性優異之電池用分隔器塗液。
惟,並未揭示包含纖維狀纖維素及離子交換水以外之組成物的狀態的TI。且,針對高速塗工性並未記載或暗示。
於專利文獻2,藉由將在指定的剪斷速度之黏度比定為特定以上,可形成塗工性優異之均一的塗膜之金屬離子二次電池分隔器用塗液。
然而,於專利文獻2,塗液中之水溶性成分的含量為5質量%以下時,為固體成分極為多的狀態之塗液,於一定為高速塗工性或表面平滑性的觀點則完全無任何披露。
[先前技術文獻]
[專利文獻]
[專利文獻1] 國際公開第2018/070473號
[專利文獻2] 日本專利第5829557號公報
[發明欲解決之課題]
組成物具有良好之塗工性者雖多,但有助於在高速之塗工性或表面平滑性的特性並不清楚。
[用以解決課題之手段]
在該狀況下,本發明者們進行努力研究的結果,發現藉由使用在高剪斷速度與低剪斷速度之黏度比為特定範圍的組成物,可形成塗工液之塗工性優異,表面平滑性優異之塗膜,可充分使用在上述之用途,而終至完成本發明。
亦即,本發明之構成係如以下。
[1] 一種塗工組成物,其係包含填料、與黏結劑、增黏劑、溶劑之塗工組成物,其特徵為
前述填料的長寬比為2以上,
前述黏結劑包含選自二烯橡膠及(甲基)丙烯酸酯聚合物中之至少一種,
以剪斷速度0.01/s測定之塗工組成物的黏度為1.0×10
6Pa・s以下,
下述觸變指數(TI)為1.1×10
6以上;
[觸變指數(TI)]=[以剪斷速度0.01/s測定之塗工組成物的黏度]/[以剪斷速度10000/s測定之塗工組成物的黏度]。
[2] 如[1]之塗工組成物,其中,前述填料與前述增黏劑之比以質量比(填料/增黏劑)為0.1~500。
[3] 如[1]或[2]之塗工組成物,其中,前述增黏劑為聚N-乙烯基羧酸醯胺。
[4] 如[1]~[3]之塗工組成物,其中,前述增黏劑為聚N-乙烯基乙醯胺。
[5] 如[1]或[2]之塗工組成物,其中,前述增黏劑為聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮。
[6] 如[1]~[5]之塗工組成物,其係包含水作為溶劑。
[7] 如[1]~[6]之塗工組成物,其中,前述觸變指數(TI)之值為1.1×10
7以下。
[8] 如[1]~[7]之塗工組成物,其中,前述填料的長寬比為100以下。
[9] 一種附塗工膜之基材,其係包含由如[1]~[8]之塗工組成物所形成之塗工膜及基材。
[10] 一種分隔器,其係由如[9]之附塗工膜之基材所形成。
[11] 一種二次電池,其係使用如[10]之分隔器。
[12] 一種鋰離子二次電池,其係使用如[10]之分隔器。
[13] 一種電極材料,其係於基材表面具備由如[1]~[8]之塗工組成物所形成之塗工膜而成。
[發明效果]
本發明之塗工組成物以高速且高精度塗工組成物時,可得到塗工面的表面平滑之塗膜。這般的技術若被採用在二次電池、尤其是鋰離子二次電池等之電極或分隔器等之形成用,可提昇二次電池之生產效率。
以下,針對實施本發明的形態進行說明。
[塗工組成物]
本發明之塗工組成物包含填料、與黏結劑、增黏劑、溶劑,前述填料的長寬比為2以上,前述黏結劑包含選自二烯橡膠及(甲基)丙烯酸酯聚合物中之至少一種,以剪斷速度0.01/s測定之塗工組成物的黏度為1.0×10
6Pa・s以下。
下述觸變指數(TI)為1.1×10
6以上,較佳為3.0×10
6以上,更佳為1.0×10
7以上。又,觸變指數(TI),較佳為1.1×10
8以下,更佳為5.0×10
7以下。這般的指定之觸變指數(TI)可藉由前述組成調整。
[觸變指數(TI)]=[以剪斷速度0.01/s測定之塗工組成物的黏度]/[以剪斷速度10000/s測定之塗工組成物的黏度]。
於本發明之觸變指數(TI),為於高剪斷速度的黏度、與於低剪斷速度的黏度之比率,藉由此比率為指定的範圍,即使以高速進行高精度之塗工的情況,於表面亦不會產生條紋或流動等,可得到極為平滑之塗膜。
[填料]
填料係使用由無機物所構成者。作為填料,較佳為氧化鋁、勃姆石、滑石、高嶺土碳酸鈣、磷酸鈣、非晶性二氧化矽、結晶性之玻璃填料、二氧化鈦、二氧化矽-氧化鋁複合氧化物粒子、硫酸鋇、氟化鈣、氟化鋰、沸石、硫化鉬、雲母等。其中,更佳為氧化鋁、勃姆石。
填料的形狀若長寬比為2以上,則並未特別限制,除了橢圓球狀、多面體狀、板狀、鱗片狀、柱狀、管狀之外,亦可為纖維狀。
填料之長寬比為2以上,更佳為5以上,再更佳為10以上。若填料的長寬比為2以上,達成前述觸變指數(TI),即使以高速進行高精度之塗工的情況,於表面亦不會產生條紋或流動等,可得到極為平滑之塗膜。又,例如,使用在分隔器時,即使鋰枝晶成長的情況,發揮由於結晶的通道變長,有難以到達分隔器原膜的優點的效果。尚,填料之長寬比較佳為100以下。
填料之長徑期望為0.1~1000μm,較佳為1~500μm的範圍。
填料之短徑期望為0.01~100μm,較佳為0.1~10μm的範圍。
[增黏劑]
增黏劑係由有機高分子所構成。後述之黏結劑未包含在增黏劑。較佳之增黏劑可列舉聚N-乙烯基羧酸醯胺、聚N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮、羧基甲基纖維素之鈉鹽、聚丙烯醯胺、聚乙烯基醇、角叉菜膠、黃原膠、瓜爾豆膠、果膠等之多醣類、羧基甲基纖維素、羥基甲基纖維素、羥基乙基纖維素、甲基乙基羥基纖維素、甲基纖維素、羥基丙基纖維素等之纖維素聚合物,及此等之纖維素聚合物的銨鹽以及鹼金屬鹽。
其中,較佳為聚N-乙烯基羧酸醯胺或聚N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮,更佳為聚N-乙烯基羧酸醯胺,再更佳為聚N-乙烯基乙醯胺。使用這般的增黏劑時,可將觸變指數(TI)調整在指定的範圍,可得到塗工表面外觀優異之塗工物。
作為構成聚N-乙烯基羧酸醯胺之單體,具體例中,可列舉N-乙烯基甲醯胺、N-乙烯基乙醯胺、N-乙烯基丙醯胺、N-乙烯基苯甲醯胺、N-乙烯基-N-甲基甲醯胺、N-乙烯基-N-乙基甲醯胺、N-乙烯基-N-甲基乙醯胺、N-乙烯基-N-乙基乙醯胺等。
此等可為單獨聚合物,亦可為共聚物。共聚合時,亦可共聚合衣康酸、馬來酸、巴豆酸、(甲基)丙烯酸等之鹽,並未特別限定。
源自聚N-乙烯基羧酸醯胺中之N-乙烯基乙醯胺的成分,較佳為60莫耳%以上。
增黏劑的黏度以原有黏度(不調整溶液濃度),較佳為30mPa・s以上10,000mPa・s以下。若為此範圍,容易進行塗工故較佳。
[黏結劑]
黏結劑較佳為選自二烯橡膠及(甲基)丙烯酸酯聚合物中之至少一種,更佳為僅由選自二烯橡膠及(甲基)丙烯酸酯聚合物中之至少一種所構成。作為二烯橡膠,可列舉苯乙烯丁二烯橡膠、丁基橡膠、丁二烯橡膠、異戊二烯橡膠、丙烯腈・丁二烯橡膠、乙烯丙烯二烯橡膠或是此等之改質物。(甲基)丙烯酸酯聚合物係指包含丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯之至少一個的聚合物。(甲基)丙烯酸酯聚合物可共聚合,包含50mol%以上丙烯酸酯及甲基丙烯酸酯。
(甲基)丙烯酸酯聚合物所包含之其他單體,若可與(甲基)丙烯酸酯共聚合,則並未特別限定。
其中,較佳為交聯型之丙烯酸酯乳液。丙烯酸酯乳液可為單獨聚合物,亦可為共聚物,任一者皆可。又,可直接使用乳液,亦可使其固化後使用。
又,聚乙烯基醇、聚(甲基)丙烯酸、高級醇環氧乙烷加成物、聚丙二醇環氧乙烷加成物等亦可作為黏結劑使用,為聚(甲基)丙烯酸時,作為鹽,雖並未特別限定,但較佳為未包含金屬之銨鹽作為鹽,例如可使用聚丙烯酸銨等。
[溶劑]
溶劑若為分散上述各成分或使其溶解,且不反應者,雖並未特別限制,但鑑於乾燥性,使用具有揮發性之溶劑。具體而言,雖使用水或與水有相溶性之極性溶劑,但較佳為水包含50質量%以上者,更佳為水單獨。水特佳為離子交換水。作為水以外之溶劑,可列舉甲醇、乙醇、異丙醇等之醇。
[分散劑]
本發明之塗工組成物如有必要可包含分散劑。分散劑若使填料分散,雖並未特別限定,但較佳為十二烷基苯磺酸、山梨糖醇及山梨醇酐之脂肪酸酯。作為鹽,雖並未特別限定,但較佳為未包含金屬之銨鹽作為鹽。
[塗工組成物的組成及調製方法]
塗工組成物中之填料與增黏劑之比以質量比(填料/增黏劑)較佳為0.1~500,更佳為50~200。為此比率時,塗工容易進行,且乾燥性亦良好,塗工層亦得到充分之強度故較佳。
塗工組成物中之填料的質量較佳為10~80質量%,更佳為20~50質量%的範圍。將塗工組成物中之固體成分作為基準,填料的質量較佳為50~99質量%,更佳為70~98質量%的範圍。黏結劑以相對於填料的質量,以較佳為0.1~20質量%,更佳為1~5質量%的範圍包含較佳。
塗工組成物中之黏結劑(固體成分)的質量較佳為0.1~20質量%,更佳為1.0~5.0質量%的範圍。將塗工組成物中之固體成分作為基準,黏結劑(固體成分)的質量較佳為0.2~10質量%,更佳為0.5~5.0質量%的範圍。
塗工組成物中之增黏劑的質量較佳為0.01~20質量%,更佳為1.0~5.0質量%的範圍。將塗工組成物中之固體成分作為基準,增黏劑的質量較佳為0.2~10質量%,更佳為0.5~5質量%的範圍。
分散劑的量於塗工組成物中,以較佳為0.01~10質量%,更佳為0.1~5質量%的範圍包含。以此範圍包含時,可提高填料的分散性。
通常相對於水等之溶劑100質量份,填料較佳為0.1~1000質量份,更佳為1~200質量份。為此範圍時,得到塗工組成物之良好的流動性,可得到以剪斷速度0.01/s測定之黏度為1.0×10
6Pa・s以下之塗工組成物。
塗工組成物之各成分的混合方法雖並未特別限定,但為了成為更均一的混合狀態,較佳為使黏結劑、增黏劑等溶解或分散在溶劑中後,添加、混合填料。又,以更佳為一邊持續攪拌使黏結劑、增黏劑等溶解或分散之溶液,一邊逐次地添加填料並攪拌混合,進行均一化較佳。藉此,變成可取得理想的混合形態。
[用途]
實施形態之塗工組成物可因應摻合之填料的種類,使用在塗料、油墨、接著劑、鋰離子電池之正極、負極、分隔器等之各種塗工液。
塗工組成物雖可直接作為塗工液使用,但如有必要可適當以溶劑等調整濃度或黏度,作為塗工液使用。
例如,藉由將前述塗工組成物塗佈在基材表面,並乾燥,製造塗工膜。又,亦可於基材表面具備(稱為附塗工膜之基材)將由塗工組成物所構成之塗工膜,而成為電極材料。
本實施形態之塗工組成物由於包含填料、與黏結劑、增黏劑、溶劑、分散劑,前述填料的長寬比為2以上,具有指定的黏度及TI,即使以高速且高精度塗工塗工組成物,亦可得到塗工面的表面平滑之塗膜。
對塗工組成物的基材之塗工方法雖並未特別限制,但除了噴塗、輥塗、棒塗、凹版塗佈、縫模塗佈、刀塗、噴墨塗佈,或刷毛塗佈、浸漬塗佈等之外,亦可使用捲對捲(Roll to Roll)圖型塗佈裝置,連續式進行塗工。
進而,可為塗工組成物中,包含於上述以外添加在塗料之公知材料者,例如可包含表面調整劑、消泡劑、整平劑、顏料、染料等。
作為基材,可不特別限制使用薄膜、不織布、多孔體、板狀體等。
作為構成基材之材料,可列舉乙烯之單獨或是與其他α-烯烴的共聚物、均聚丙烯、丙烯與其他烯烴的共聚物、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二酯、聚醯胺醚酮、聚醯亞胺、聚醯胺、聚伸苯基碸、聚伸苯基醚、聚乙烯、聚醚碸、聚醚醚酮、聚苯并咪唑、聚醚醯亞胺、聚醯胺醯亞胺、聚(p‐伸苯基-2,6-苯并雙噁唑)、氟樹脂、環氧樹脂等之有機樹脂材料、鋁、銅、銀、鐵等之金屬材料、玻璃(氧化矽)、氧化鋁、氧化鎂、氮化鋁、碳化鋁、氮化矽、鈦酸鋇等之無機材料。基材可1種類單獨使用,亦可組合2種類以上使用亦無妨。其中,作為基材,較佳為聚烯烴,更佳為選自聚乙烯、聚丙烯中之至少一個,最佳為依聚丙烯/聚乙烯/聚丙烯順序層合之3層層合體。使用由這般的材料所構成之多孔質基材時,可作為二次電池用分隔器等使用。
多孔質基材為聚烯烴製薄膜時,可為以濕式法製造者,亦可為以乾式法製造者,並未特別限定。又,由3層之層合體所構成之多孔質基材時,較佳為3層皆為以乾式法製造。具有這般的構成者,無捲曲,耐熱性、機械性強度等良好。
尚,所謂乾式法,係於薄膜之製造時未使用溶劑之乾式製程,例如可列舉將熔融之樹脂藉由T型模之熔融成形或注塑成形等。又,外層及內層可為乾式法,亦可為濕式法,濕式法係藉由使用添加・混合添加物之樹脂,製膜薄膜後,溶劑萃取添加物,而形成空隙之方法。
基材全體的厚度可從因應目的之機械性強度、性能、小型化等之面適當選擇,較佳為7.0μm以上,上限較佳為50μm以下。為此範圍的厚度時,可提高強度。
又,為多孔質基材時,依照該JIS P 8117:2009所測定之透氣度較佳為80秒/100ml以上,上限較佳為700秒/100ml以下。具有此範圍的透氣度時,難以短路且離子的移動度亦高。
多孔質基材之空孔率較佳為30%以上,上限較佳為70%以下。若為此範圍的空孔率,則機械性強度高,且亦不會產生短路,離子的移動度亦可提高。
多孔質基材之極大孔徑較佳為0.05μm以上,上限較佳為2μm以下,為此範圍時,成為分隔器時,離子的移動性高,且電阻亦大幅降低。
塗工膜的厚度並未特別限制,若為0.5~20μm的厚度之塗工膜雖可,但並未特別限制。
塗工膜之乾燥方法並未特別限制,可列舉旋轉乾燥、真空乾燥、溫風乾燥、紅外線乾燥等。乾燥時間亦並未特別限制。
構成分隔器時,可將前述塗工組成物藉由塗佈在前述基材表面之方法等構成。
構成電極時,可藉由將前述塗工組成物與正極活性物質或負極活性物質混合,並塗佈在前述基材表面或集電體表面之方法,或將混合在正極活性物質或負極活性物質或其雙方者塗工在電極箔,或是薄膜化塗工組成物,插入正極或是負極或其雙方之集電體表面,來構成電池電極。
構成鋰離子二次電池之構件,可大致上分成正極電極、負極電極、分隔器、電解液。正極電極及負極電極分別含有進行送出並接受電子之氧化/還原反應之活性物質。正極電極與負極電極,可以透過電池用分隔器層合之層合構造的電極群,或進而將此纏繞之纏繞構造的電極群的形態使用。
作為正極,若為使用在自以往所知悉之鋰離子二次電池之正極,則並未特別限制。正極含有可吸藏釋出Li
+離子之活性物質。
作為負極,若為使用在自以往所知悉之鋰離子二次電池之負極,則並未特別限制。負極含有可吸藏釋出Li
+離子之活性物質。
正極與負極,可以透過分隔器層合之層合構造的電極群,或進而將此纏繞之纏繞構造的電極群的形態使用。作為電解液,使用將鋰鹽溶解在有機溶劑之溶液。作為鋰鹽,若為於溶劑中解離,形成Li
+離子,並於作為電池使用之電壓範圍不會引起分解等之副反應者,則並未特別限制。作為有機溶劑,若為溶解鋰鹽,並於作為電池使用之電壓範圍不會引起分解等之副反應者,則並未特別限定。
使用本實施形態之塗工組成物製作之各構件,可適當使用在前述電池之各構件。
鋰離子電池除了手機、筆記型個人電腦等之移動設備、電動車、油電混合式汽車、電動機車、電動輔助自行車、電動工具、刮鬍刀等之各種機器之電源用途等,亦可使用在自以往所知悉的各種用途。
[實施例]
以下,雖將本發明藉由實施例進行說明,但本發明並非被限定在此等之實施例。
[使用之材料]
・填料
鱗片狀勃姆石:Cerasur(河合石灰工業(股)製)長寬比:20~40、長徑10μm 短徑0.3μm(各平均值)
鱗片狀氧化鋁:Cerasurα(河合石灰工業(股)製)長寬比:20~40、長徑13μm短徑0.4μm(各平均值)
・黏結劑
丙烯酸酯乳液:Polysol(註冊商標)LB-350(昭和電工(股)製)
SBR(苯乙烯丁二烯橡膠水分散液):BM400B (日本ZEON(股)製)
聚丙烯酸銨:ARON(註冊商標) A-30SL(東亞合成(股)製)
・增黏劑
聚-N-乙烯基乙醯胺PNVA(註冊商標)-1:GE191-043(昭和電工(股)製)、原有黏度5000mPa・s、固體成分4質量%
聚-N-乙烯基乙醯胺PNVA(註冊商標)-2:GE191-104(昭和電工(股)製)、原有黏度18000mPa・s、固體成分10質量%
聚-N-乙烯基乙醯胺PNVA(註冊商標)-3:GE191-107(昭和電工(股)製)、原有黏度50mPa・s、固體成分10質量%
羧基甲基纖維素 CMC-Na:MAC350HC(日本製紙(股)製)
聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮:PVP K-90(東京化成工業(股)製)
・分散劑
十二烷基苯磺酸鈉水分散液:NEOPELEX(註冊商標)G-65(花王(股)製)
[實施例1~7、比較例1~6]
於200ml樹脂容器,將表1記載之規定量依離子交換水、分散劑、黏結劑、增黏劑、無機填料之順序計量,並投入自轉公轉型捏合機(THINKY公司製 ARE-250)。進行密栓,以混合(MIXING)60秒及脫泡(DEFORMING)60秒的條件混合,而得到均一之塗工組成物。
針對所得之塗工組成物,進行以下之評估。
<塗工試驗方法>
於塗工機之塗工台上固定聚丙烯薄片(厚度1mm),將所得之塗工組成物3.5g使用棒塗機(YOSHIMITSU精機股份有限公司製 寬度:50mm×厚度:5μm),在自動塗工機(TESTER產業股份有限公司製Pi-1210),以200mm/秒的速度塗工成寬度15cm、長度30cm。
然後,將形成塗工物之聚丙烯薄片在溫風乾燥器以40℃的溫度,乾燥1小時,而得到塗工薄片。
<耐熱性試驗方法>
從塗工薄片,剝離塗工物的厚度(6~7μm)為一定部位的塗工物,採取長方形(5cm×4cm),測定四邊的長度。接著,分別將該試驗片於金屬製棒空出無干涉之距離並靜置。
將該金屬製棒放入內溫150℃之風爐並靜置15分鐘,取出並測定四邊之尺寸。
將測定結束之試驗片再度放入調整至200℃之風爐,靜置15分鐘後取出,測定四邊之尺寸。
[測定方法]
<回轉黏度>
使用Brookfield公司製DV2T型黏度計 Spindle SC4-28 附水套之少量樣品適配器,並於樣品架放入塗工組成物20g,測定在0.3rpm、100rpm之回轉速度的回轉黏度度(η
0.3及η
100),並求出比率。
尚,實施例3、比較例3及5之斜線部分的項目無法算出。Over表示測定界限以上。
<溶液黏度>
將塗工組成物在B型黏度計(Brookfield公司製DV2T型黏度計Spindle SC4-28 附水套之少量樣品適配器),以23℃50rpm評估。
尚,實施例3~7、比較例6之空欄處不進行數據的測定。
<剪斷黏度、TI>
TI(Thixotropy・Index)在以下之式算出。
TI=在0.01/s的剪斷速度之黏度(Pa・s)÷在10000/s的剪斷速度之黏度(Pa・s)
剪斷黏度係使用AntonParr製回轉式黏度計測定。具體而言,將在23℃之塗工組成物的黏度從剪斷速度0.01sec
-1至10,000sec
-1,耗費400秒一邊提昇速度一邊測定,連續從10000sec
-1至0.01sec
-1耗費400秒一邊降低速度一邊測定。將一邊降低剪斷速度一邊測定時之測定值定為在各剪斷速度之黏度。
<塗工膜厚>
使用TECLOCK公司製 定壓厚度測定器 PF-11J,依照JIS K 6400-1-2004,並測定塗工乾燥之薄膜的中心及從中心至上下脫離10cm的2點、合計3點,並平均。
<塗工表面外觀>
將塗工薄片的表面外觀用以下之基準判定實施。
〇:於塗工表面未確認到空隙
△:於塗工表面確認到10個以內之空隙
×:於塗工表面確認到超過10個之空隙
<表面粗糙度>
使用Surtronic Duo表面粗糙度計(TAYLOR HOBSON公司製),依照JIS B0601-2013,將塗工薄片(15cm×30cm)測定中心及從中心至上下脫離10cm之2點、合計3點算術平均粗糙度(Ra)並平均。將Ra除以塗工膜厚者定為表面粗糙度比。
<剝離評估>
於塗工薄片的塗工面藉由NICHIBAN製15mm寬度玻璃紙膠帶進行玻璃紙膠帶剝離試驗,將塗工物與聚丙烯薄片之間的密著性用以下之3階段評估。
○:塗工部分並未剝離。
△:塗工部分雖些微剝離但可實用。
×:塗工部分剝離,實用上不容許
<耐熱評估>
從塗工薄片,將一定的厚度(6~7μm)部位採取成長方形,測定四邊的長度。接著,分別將該試驗片於金屬製棒空出無干涉之距離並靜置。
將該金屬製棒放入內溫150℃之風爐並靜置15分鐘,取出並測定四邊之尺寸。將測定結束之試驗片再度放入調整至200℃之風爐,靜置15分鐘後取出,測定四邊之尺寸。用以下之項目評估。
〇:在150℃、200℃之全部的邊,收縮率為20%以下。
△:在150℃、200℃試驗中之任一邊,有收縮率超過20%且為30%以下者,且全部邊之收縮率為30%以下。
×:在150℃、200℃試驗中之任一邊,有收縮率超過30%者。
<長寬比>
依照JIS R1670-2006,在顯微鏡照片,分別測定100粒子之長徑、短邊並平均,在平均長徑÷平均短邊求出。
Claims (13)
- 一種塗工組成物,其係包含填料、與黏結劑、增黏劑、溶劑之塗工組成物,其特徵為前述填料的長寬比為2以上,前述黏結劑係包含選自二烯橡膠及(甲基)丙烯酸酯聚合物中之至少一種,以剪斷速度0.01/s測定之塗工組成物的黏度為1.0×106Pa.s以下,下述觸變指數(TI)為1.1×106以上;[觸變指數(TI)]=[以剪斷速度0.01/s測定之塗工組成物的黏度]/[以剪斷速度10000/s測定之塗工組成物的黏度]。
- 如請求項1之塗工組成物,其中,前述填料與前述增黏劑之比以質量比(填料/增黏劑)為0.1~500。
- 如請求項1或2之塗工組成物,其中,前述增黏劑為聚N-乙烯基羧酸醯胺。
- 如請求項1或2之塗工組成物,其中,前述增黏劑為聚N-乙烯基乙醯胺。
- 如請求項1或2之塗工組成物,其中,前述增黏劑為聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮。
- 如請求項1或2之塗工組成物,其係包含水作為溶劑。
- 如請求項1或2之塗工組成物,其中,前述觸變指數(TI)之值為1.1×108以下。
- 如請求項1或2之塗工組成物,其中,前 述填料的長寬比為100以下。
- 一種附塗工膜之基材,其係包含由如請求項1~8中任一項之塗工組成物所形成之塗工膜及基材。
- 一種分隔器,其係由如請求項9之附塗工膜之基材所形成。
- 一種二次電池,其係使用如請求項10之分隔器。
- 一種鋰離子二次電池,其係使用如請求項10之分隔器。
- 一種電極材料,其係於基材表面具備由如請求項1~8中任一項之塗工組成物所形成之塗工膜而成。
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