TWI679199B - 含有4-硫碸芳基二苯並呋喃的光電材料及應用 - Google Patents
含有4-硫碸芳基二苯並呋喃的光電材料及應用 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI679199B TWI679199B TW107132336A TW107132336A TWI679199B TW I679199 B TWI679199 B TW I679199B TW 107132336 A TW107132336 A TW 107132336A TW 107132336 A TW107132336 A TW 107132336A TW I679199 B TWI679199 B TW I679199B
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- carbazole
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibenzofuran Natural products C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- -1 aryl dibenzofuran Chemical compound 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 125000000641 acridinyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3C=C12)* 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000001644 phenoxazinyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2OC3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000001484 phenothiazinyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2SC3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000006413 ring segment Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 claims description 8
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004957 naphthylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- JLEFKRHUPHIQKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,6-diiododibenzofuran Chemical compound O1C2=C(I)C=CC=C2C2=C1C(I)=CC=C2 JLEFKRHUPHIQKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001543 aryl boronic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006069 Suzuki reaction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006887 Ullmann reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002529 biphenylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006836 terphenylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1 YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenanthrene Natural products C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- VFUDMQLBKNMONU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-[4-(4-carbazol-9-ylphenyl)phenyl]carbazole Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2N1C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C=C1 VFUDMQLBKNMONU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 10
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 7
- IUQQJVZDVDZPGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1=c2ccccc2=c2cc3-c4ccccc4N=c3cc12 Chemical compound C1=c2ccccc2=c2cc3-c4ccccc4N=c3cc12 IUQQJVZDVDZPGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- SPCJBEJQRCOJDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N IC1=CC=CC2=C1OC1=C2C=CC=C1C(C1=C(C=C2)C3=CC=CC=C3C1)=C2C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound IC1=CC=CC2=C1OC1=C2C=CC=C1C(C1=C(C=C2)C3=CC=CC=C3C1)=C2C1=CC=CC=C1 SPCJBEJQRCOJDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 5
- RMVRSNDYEFQCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl mercaptan Natural products SC1=CC=CC=C1 RMVRSNDYEFQCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 4
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WURJQGJFCZMATH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylsulfanyldibenzofuran Chemical compound C=1C=CC=2OC3=CC=CC=C3C=2C=1SC1=CC=CC=C1 WURJQGJFCZMATH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZOKIJILZFXPFTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-n-[4-[1-[4-(4-methyl-n-(4-methylphenyl)anilino)phenyl]cyclohexyl]phenyl]-n-(4-methylphenyl)aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C1(CCCCC1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC(C)=CC=1)C=1C=CC(C)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 ZOKIJILZFXPFTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZASPJKABEYHVRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)C1=C(C=2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2C=C1)C1=CC=CC=2C3=C(OC21)C(=CC=C3)C=3C=C(C=CC3)N3C2=CC=CC=C2C=2C=CC=CC32 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)C1=C(C=2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2C=C1)C1=CC=CC=2C3=C(OC21)C(=CC=C3)C=3C=C(C=CC3)N3C2=CC=CC=C2C=2C=CC=CC32 ZASPJKABEYHVRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 3
- IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NHQDETIJWKXCTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloroperbenzoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 NHQDETIJWKXCTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001327 Förster resonance energy transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UZVGSSNIUNSOFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzofuran-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1C=CC=C2C(=O)O UZVGSSNIUNSOFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZBOUBGLJEWWLPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-naphthalen-2-ylbenzenethiol Chemical compound SC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1 ZBOUBGLJEWWLPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KROVBPNJXHEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N C12=CC=C(N1)C=C1C=CC(=N1)C=C1C=CC(N1)=CC=1C=CC(N1)=C2.C2=CC=CC=1C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC21 Chemical compound C12=CC=C(N1)C=C1C=CC(=N1)C=C1C=CC(N1)=CC=1C=CC(N1)=C2.C2=CC=CC=1C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC21 KROVBPNJXHEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JVQMTIHBJYFATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N IC1=CC=CC2=C1OC1=C2C=CC=C1SC1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound IC1=CC=CC2=C1OC1=C2C=CC=C1SC1=CC=CC=C1 JVQMTIHBJYFATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001938 differential scanning calorimetry curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- RPGWZZNNEUHDAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylphosphine Chemical compound PC1=CC=CC=C1 RPGWZZNNEUHDAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D307/77—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D307/91—Dibenzofurans; Hydrogenated dibenzofurans
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D405/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D405/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing three or more hetero rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
- C07D413/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/06—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/631—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine
- H10K85/636—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine comprising heteroaromatic hydrocarbons as substituents on the nitrogen atom
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/656—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom comprising two or more different heteroatoms per ring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
- H10K85/6574—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only oxygen in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. cumarine dyes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1018—Heterocyclic compounds
- C09K2211/1025—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands
- C09K2211/1029—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands containing one nitrogen atom as the heteroatom
- C09K2211/1033—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands containing one nitrogen atom as the heteroatom with oxygen
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本發明涉及一種含有4-硫碸芳基二苯並呋喃的光電材料及應用,基於4-硫碸芳基二苯並呋喃的特定排布雙極型材料,具有式(I)所述結構的化合物,其中,Ar
1,Ar
2表示為具有5至15個環原子的芳基或雜芳基或稠環芳基,R
1、R
2表示為烷基取代或未取代的吖啶基、吩噻嗪基、吩噁嗪基、咔唑、茚並咔唑、二苯胺或其它芳香性二苯胺衍生物,氫,鹵素,C1-C4烷基,且R
1、R
2至少一個為烷基取代或未取代的吖啶基、吩噻嗪基、吩噁嗪基、咔唑、茚並咔唑、二苯胺或其它芳香性二苯胺衍生物。本發明的化合物比常用主體材料CBP具有更高的玻璃化轉變溫度,本發明化合物顯著提高了主體材料的熱穩定性,更符合有機發光二極體對主體材料的要求。
Description
本發明涉及新型的雙極性主體材料,屬於有機發光材料技術領域,具體涉及一種含有4-硫碸芳基二苯並呋喃的光電材料及其應用。
有機發光二極體(OLED)具有主動發光、回應速度快、耗能低、亮度高、視角廣、可彎曲等特性,被視為21世紀最具前途的產品之一。目前OLED器件已經實現了規模生產,並廣泛應用在手機、平板電腦、汽車儀錶、可穿戴設備等電子產品上。電致螢光和電致磷光分別被稱為第一代和第二代OLED。基於螢光材料的OLED具有穩定性高的特點,但受限於量子統計學定律,在電啟動作用下,產生的單線態激子和三線態激子的比例為1:3,所以螢光材料電致發光內量子效率最大僅有25%。而磷光材料具有重原子的自旋軌道耦合作用,磷光材料可以綜合利用單線態激子和三線態激子,實現100%的內量子效率。研究表明,由於過渡金屬配合物的激發態激子壽命相對過長,在高電流密度下存在三線態激子堆積,會導致三線態-三線態湮滅(TTA)、三線態-極子湮滅(TPA),從而出現效率滾降等現象。為了克服這個問題,研究者們常將磷光材料摻雜於有機主體材料中,諸如摻雜於雙極性主體材料中,可較好的平衡載流子的注入。主體材料可以提供穩定的電荷載流子以及足夠高的三線態能量,這是獲得高性能磷光器件的重要前提。也有報導認為對於一些具有明確平行對其電子傳導以及空穴傳導基團的化合物,具有一定的短程分子秩序,由於其分子間π-π相互作用,可能導致電荷能快速傳遞。另外,具有熱活性延遲螢光性質的材料也被應用於磷光器件的主體中,由於熱活性延遲螢光材料具有較小的單線態-三線態能級差,三線態激子可通過反系間竄越到單線態,再通過Förster共振能量轉移(FRET)傳至客體材料中,從而降低發光層中的三線態激子濃度,其器件性能也獲得提高。熱活性延遲螢光材料具有較高的單線態能級,同時三線態能級也較高,具有平衡的載流子注入以及傳輸能力,兼具電子傳導以及空穴傳導基團,因此適合作為磷光材料的主體。對於高效有機發光二極體,開發具有載流子平衡傳輸能力的主體材料十分重要。
目前,廣泛應用於磷光器件的主體材料為CBP(4,4’-二(9-咔唑基)聯苯),但是它要求的驅動電壓較高、玻璃化轉變溫度(Tg)低(Tg = 62 ℃),易於結晶。另外,CBP是一種P型材料,空穴遷移率遠高於電子遷移率,不利於載流子注入和傳輸平衡,且發光效率低。
針對現有主體(CBP)材料要求的驅動電壓較高、玻璃化轉變溫度易於結晶、載流子注入和傳輸不平衡等問題,本發明提供一種雙極材料,該材料以4-硫碸芳基二苯並呋喃為中心核,以特定排布連接具有空穴傳導作用的基團,如二苯胺、咔唑、吖啶、其它芳香性二苯胺等衍生物。
含有4-硫碸芳基二苯並呋喃的雙極型材料,具有式(I)所述結構的化合物,
(I)
其中,Ar
1,Ar
2表示為具有5至15個環原子的芳基或雜芳基或稠環芳基,R
1、R
2表示為烷基取代或未取代的吖啶基、吩噻嗪基、吩噁嗪基、咔唑、茚並咔唑、二苯胺或其它芳香性二苯胺衍生物,氫,鹵素,C1-C4烷基,且R
1、R
2至少一個為烷基取代或未取代的吖啶基、吩噻嗪基、吩噁嗪基、咔唑、茚並咔唑、二苯胺或其它芳香性二苯胺衍生物,其中雜芳族基中的雜原子為N、O。
優選:其中,Ar
1,Ar
2為6-14個環原子的芳基或稠環芳基,R
1、R
2為氫、C1-C4烷基取代或者未取代的吖啶基、吩噻嗪基、吩噁嗪基、咔唑、茚並咔唑、二苯胺或其它芳香性二苯胺衍生物。
優選:其中,Ar
1,Ar
2為亞苯基、亞萘基、亞聯苯基、亞三聯苯基,R
1獨立地表示為氫, R
2為C1-C4烷基取代或者未取代的吖啶基、吩噻嗪基、吩噁嗪基、咔唑、茚並咔唑、二苯胺或其它芳香性二苯胺衍生物。
優選:其中,Ar
1,Ar
2為亞苯基、亞萘基,R
1獨立地表示為氫,R
2為吖啶基、咔唑或茚並咔唑。
其中,Ar
1為亞苯基、亞萘基,Ar
2為亞苯基,R
1獨立地表示為氫,R
2為咔唑或茚並咔唑。優選式(I)所述的化合物為下列結構化合物:
。
有機電致發光器件,包括陰極、陽極和有機層,所述有機層為空穴傳輸層、空穴阻擋層、電子傳輸層、發光層中的一層或多層。需要特別指出,上述有機層可以根據需要,這些有機層不必每層都存在。
所述式(I)所述的化合物為發光層的材料。
本發明的電子器件有機層的總厚度為1-1000 nm,優選1-500 nm,更優選5-300 nm。
所述有機層可以通過蒸渡或旋塗形成薄膜。
如上面提到,本發明的式(I)所述的化合物如下,但不限於所列舉的結構:
。
上述雙極型主體材料的製備方法,包括以下製備步驟: 首先將二苯並呋喃(a)在正丁基鋰條件下形成鋰鹽,再碘代獲得4,6-二碘二苯並呋喃(b),再與取代或未取代的芳基硫酚(c)通過Ullmann反應得到硫醚中間體(d);鹵代硫醚中間體氧化得到鹵代硫碸化合物(e);最後硫碸化合物(e)與取代或未取代的芳基硼酸/硼酸酯(f)等通過鈀催化的Suzuki反應,得到所述的雙極主體材料。
實驗表明,本發明的化合物比常用主體材料CBP具有更高的玻璃化轉變溫度,本發明顯著提高了主體材料的熱穩定性。使用本發明的雙極性主體材料製備的有機電致發光器件,穩定性高,具有更好的應用前景,更符合有機發光二極體對主體材料的要求。
下面結合實施例對本發明作進一步詳細的描述,但本發明的實施方式不限於此。
實施例1
(1) 4,6-二碘二苯並呋喃(b)的合成 合成路線如下所示:
具體合成步驟為: 稱取二苯並呋喃(8.41 g, 50 mmol)加至三口燒瓶中,氮氣保護,加入乾燥乙醚(150 mL)中,將燒瓶置於-78℃低溫反應器中,緩慢滴加正丁基鋰(2.2 M, 68 mL, 150 mmol),滴加完畢後,反應體系緩慢升至室溫,繼續攪拌10 h。後降至-78℃,緩慢滴加I2的四氫呋喃溶液(38 g, 150 mmol),滴加完畢後在室溫攪拌4 h。反應結束後,加入10% NaHSO3溶液(100 mL),萃取分層,無機相用二氯甲烷萃取(3*50 mL),收集有機相,無水MgSO
4乾燥,旋幹溶液得粗產品,後乙醇打漿,抽濾乾燥,得14g白色固體。產率:67%。
(2) 4-碘-6-雙(苯硫基)二苯並[b,d]呋喃(d1)的合成 合成路線如下所示:
具體合成步驟為: 稱取4,6-二碘二苯並呋喃(b) (4.2 g, 10 mmol),苯硫酚 (0.55 g, 5 mmol),CuI (0.48 g, 2.5 mmol),菲囉啉 (0.9 g, 5 mmol),碳酸鉀(4.8 g, 35 mmol)於100 mL三口燒瓶中,換氮氣三次。加入乾燥DMSO,升溫至130℃反應16小時。反應結束後,加入150 mL水,二氯甲烷萃取(3*50 mL),合併有機層,無水硫酸鎂乾燥。砂芯漏斗過濾,旋幹溶劑,正己烷作洗脫劑矽膠柱層析分離,得到1.8 g白色固體。產率:44.8%。
(3) 4-碘-6-(苯碸基)二苯並[b,d]呋喃(e1)的合成 合成路線如下所示:
具體合成步驟為: 稱取4-碘-6-(苯硫基)二苯並[
b,
d]呋喃(
d1) (1 g, 2.49 mmol)於燒瓶中,二氯甲烷溶解,反應體系置於冰浴中,緩慢加入2.2當量的間氯過氧苯甲酸,室溫反應24小時。反應結束後,加入5% NaHSO
3溶液50 mL,二氯甲烷萃取(3*50 mL),合併有機層,Na
2CO
3溶液洗滌,無水硫酸鎂乾燥,矽膠柱層析,抽濾後乾燥得到0.7 g白色固體。產率:64.8%。
(4) 9-[3-(6-(苯碸基)二苯並[b,d]呋喃-4-基)苯基]-9H-咔唑(1)的合成 合成路線如下所示:
具體合成步驟為: 稱取4-碘-6-(苯碸基)二苯並[
b,
d]呋喃(
e1) (0.6 g, 1.38 mmol),3-(9
H-咔唑)-9-基-苯硼酸(
f1) (0.4 g, 1.38 mmol),四(三苯基膦)鈀(0.08 g, 0.07 mmol),碳酸鉀(0.48 g, 3.45 mmol),於50 mL燒瓶中,加入10 mL二氧六環,2 mL純淨水,抽氣置換成氮氣保護,升溫至100℃反應10 h。反應結束後,加入20 mL水,二氯甲烷萃取(3*20 mL),二氯甲烷:正己烷= 2:1為洗脫劑,矽膠柱層析分離得0.66 g白色固體。產率:86.9%。 產物鑒定資料如下:
1H NMR (400MHz ,CDCl
3)
δ= 8.45 (d,
J= 8.0 Hz, 2 H), 8.08 (s, 1 H), 8.03 (d,
J= 8.0 Hz, 2 H), 7.89-7.66 (m, 8 H), 7.53-7.46 (m, 6 H), 7.45-7.36 (m, 4 H) ppm. Ms(ESI: Mz 550) (M+1)
實施例2
(1) 4-碘-6-(萘-2-硫基)二苯並[b,d]呋喃(d2)的合成 合成路線如下所示:
具體合成步驟為: 稱取4,6-二碘二苯並呋喃(b) (4.2 g, 10 mmol),2-萘硫酚 (0.8 g, 5 mmol),CuI (0.48 g, 2.5 mmol),菲囉啉 (0.9 g, 5 mmol),碳酸鉀(4.8 g, 35 mmol)於100 mL三口燒瓶中,換氮氣三次。加入乾燥DMSO,升溫至130℃反應16小時。反應結束後,加入150 mL水,二氯甲烷萃取(3*50 mL),合併有機層,無水硫酸鎂乾燥。砂芯漏斗過濾,旋幹溶劑,正己烷作洗脫劑矽膠柱層析分離,得到2.1 g白色固體。產率:46.5%。
(2) 4-碘-6-(萘-2-碸基)二苯並[b,d]呋喃(e2)的合成 合成路線如下所示:
具體合成步驟為: 稱取4-碘-6- (萘-2-硫基)二苯並[
b,
d]呋喃(
d2) (2 g, 4.42 mmol)於燒瓶中,二氯甲烷溶解,反應體系置於冰浴中,緩慢加入2.2當量的間氯過氧苯甲酸,室溫反應24小時。反應結束後,加入5% NaHSO
3溶液50 mL,二氯甲烷萃取(3*50 mL),合併有機層,Na
2CO
3溶液洗滌,無水硫酸鎂乾燥,矽膠柱層析,抽濾後乾燥得到2 g白色固體。產率:93.5%。
(3) 9-[4-(6-(萘-2-碸基)二苯並[b,d]呋喃-4-基)苯基]-9H-咔唑(2)的合成 合成路線如下所示:
具體合成步驟為: 稱取4-碘-6-(萘-2-碸基)二苯並[b,d]呋喃(e2) (1.2 g, 2.76 mmol),4-(9H-咔唑)-9-基-苯硼酸(f2) (0.8 g, 2.76 mmol),四(三苯基膦)鈀(0.16 g, 0.14 mmol),碳酸鉀(1 g, 6.9 mmol),於50 mL燒瓶中,加入20 mL二氧六環,4 mL純淨水,抽氣置換成氮氣保護,升溫至100℃反應10 h。反應結束後,加入20 mL水,二氯甲烷萃取(3*20 mL),二氯甲烷:正己烷= 2:1為洗脫劑,矽膠柱層析分離得1.3 g白色固體。產率:86.1%。 產物鑒定資料如下:
1H NMR (400MHz ,CDCl
3)
δ= 8.78 (s, 1 H), 8.20 (d,
J= 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 8.06 (d,
J= 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.96-7.92 (m, 7 H), 7.76-7.53 (m, 6 H), 7.46-28 (m, 9 H) ppm. Ms(ESI: Mz 550) (M+1)
實施例3
(1) 7,7-二甲基-5-(3-(6-萘-2-碸基)二苯並[b,d]呋喃-4-基)苯基)-5,7-二氫茚並[2,1-b]咔唑(9)的合成 合成路線如下所示:
具體合成步驟為: 稱取4-碘-6-(苯碸基)二苯並[b,d]呋喃(e2) (1.21 g, 2.5 mmol),f3 (1.21 g, 2.5 mmol),四(三苯基膦)鈀(0.14 g, 0.12 mmol),碳酸鉀(0.86 g, 6.25 mmol),於50 mL燒瓶中,加入20 mL二氧六環,4 mL純淨水,抽氣置換成氮氣保護,升溫至100℃反應10 h。反應結束後,加入20 mL水,二氯甲烷萃取(3*20 mL),矽膠柱層析分離得1.32 g白色固體。產率:73.7%。 產物鑒定資料如下: Ms(ESI: Mz 716) (M+1)
實施例4 玻璃化轉變溫度測試: 氮氣保護下,以20
oC/min的加熱和冷卻速率用示差掃描量熱法(DSC)測試化合物
9的玻璃化轉變溫度。測得化合物
9的玻璃化轉變溫度
T g為98.9
oC (圖1)。而文獻所報導的CBP的玻璃化轉變溫度僅為62
oC。 可見,本發明中的化合物比常用主體材料CBP具有更高的玻璃化轉變溫度,本發明顯著提高了主體材料的熱穩定性。
實施例5
有機電致發光器件的製備 器件結構為ITO/HATCN(5 nm)/TAPC(50 nm)/化合物9:Ir(ppy):(4 wt%, 20 nm)/TmPyPb(50 nm)/ LiF(1 nm)/AL(100 nm)
器件製備方式描述如下:見圖2 首先,將透明導電ITO玻璃基板(包含10和20)按照以下步驟處理:預先用洗滌劑溶液、去離子水,乙醇,丙酮,去離子水洗淨,再經氧等離子處理30秒。 然後,在ITO上蒸渡5 nm 厚的HATCN作為空穴注入層30。 然後,在空穴注入層上蒸渡50 nm厚的TAPC作為空穴傳輸層40。 然後,在空穴傳輸層上蒸渡20 nm厚的化合物
9:Ir(ppy):(4 wt%)作為發光層50。 然後,在發光層上蒸渡50 nm厚的TmPyPb作為電子傳輸層60。 然後,在電子傳輸層上蒸渡1 nm厚的LiF作為電子注入層70。 最後,在電子注入層上蒸渡100 nm厚的鋁作為器件陰極80。
比較例
電致發光器件的製備 器件結構為ITO/HATCN(5 nm)/TAPC(50 nm)/CBP:Ir(ppy):(4 wt%, 20 nm)/TmPyPb(50 nm)/ LiF(1 nm)/AL(100 nm) 方法同實施例4,但使用常用市售化合物CBP作為主體材料,製作對比用電致發光有機半導體二極體器件。
實驗表明,使用本發明的雙極性主體材料製備的電致發光器件,在20 mA/cm
2電流密度下,電壓為7.8 V,亮度6849 cd/m
2,電流效率34.25 cd/A,功率效率13.83 lm/W,外量子效率EQE為10.12%;而使用市售主體CBP製備的電致發光器件在同等電流密度下,電壓為7.71 V,亮度5845 cd/m
2,電流效率29.23 cd/A,功率效率11.91 lm/W,外量子效率EQE為8.5%。因此使用本發明的雙極性主體材料,可獲得比CBP製備的器件高17%的電流效率以及高19%的外量子效率,可獲得更高的器件穩定性,更符合有機發光二極體對主體材料的要求。
圖1為化合物9的DSC曲線。 圖2為本發明的器件結構圖,其中10代表為玻璃基板,20代表為陽極,30代表為空穴注入層,40代表為空穴傳輸層,50代表發光層,60代表為電子傳輸,70代表為電子注入層,80代表為陰極。
Claims (12)
- 一種含有4-硫碸芳基二苯並呋喃的雙極型材料,具有式(I)所述結構的化合物,其中,Ar1,Ar2表示為具有5至15個環原子的芳基或雜芳基或稠環芳基,R1、R2表示為烷基取代或未取代的吖啶基、吩噻嗪基、吩噁嗪基、咔唑、茚並咔唑或二苯胺,氫,鹵素,C1-C4烷基,且R1、R2至少一個為烷基取代或未取代的吖啶基、吩噻嗪基、吩噁嗪基、咔唑、茚並咔唑或二苯胺,其中雜芳基中的雜原子為N、O。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的雙極型材料,其中,Ar1,Ar2為6-14個環原子的芳基或稠環芳基,R1、R2為氫、C1-C4烷基取代或者未取代的吖啶基、吩噻嗪基、吩噁嗪基、咔唑、茚並咔唑或二苯胺。
- 如申請專利範圍第2項所述的雙極型材料,其中,Ar1,Ar2為亞苯基、亞萘基、亞聯苯基、亞三聯苯基,R1獨立地表示為氫,R2為C1-C4烷基取代或者未取代的吖啶基、吩噻嗪基、吩噁嗪基、咔唑、茚並咔唑或二苯胺。
- 如申請專利範圍第3項所述的雙極型材料,其中,Ar1,Ar2為亞苯基、亞萘基,R1獨立地表示為氫,R2為吖啶基、咔唑或茚並咔唑。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項所述的雙極型材料,其中,Ar1為亞苯基、亞萘基,Ar2為亞苯基,R1獨立地表示為氫,R2為咔唑或茚並咔唑。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的雙極型材料,所述式(I)為下列結構之一:
- 如申請專利範圍第6項所述的雙極型材料,所述式(I)為下列結構之一:
- 如申請專利範圍第7項所述的雙極型材料,所述式(I)為下列結構:
- 一種如申請專利範圍第1至8項中之任一所述的雙極型材料的製備方法,採用如下方法製得:首先將二苯並呋喃(a)在正丁基鋰條件下形成鋰鹽,再碘代獲得4,6-二碘二苯並呋喃(b),再與取代或未取代的芳基硫酚或雜芳基硫酚或稠環芳基硫酚(c)通過Ullmann反應得到硫醚中間體(d);碘代硫醚中間體氧化得到碘代硫碸化合物(e);最後硫碸化合物(e)與取代或未取代的芳基硼酸/硼酸酯或雜芳基硼酸/硼酸酯或稠環芳基硼酸/硼酸酯(f)通過鈀催化的Suzuki反應,得到所述的雙極型材料,其反應式如下:
- 一種有機電致發光器件,包括陰極、陽極和有機層,所述有機層為空穴傳輸層、空穴阻擋層、電子傳輸層、發光層中的一層或多層,所述有機層的材料為如申請專利範圍第1至8項中之任一所述的雙極型材料。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項所述的有機電致發光器件,所述有機層的總厚度為1-1000nm,所述有機層可以通過蒸渡或旋塗形成薄膜。
- 一種如申請專利範圍第1至8項中之任一所述的雙極型材料在有機電致發光器件中的應用。
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