TWI671377B - 一種黏結方法 - Google Patents

一種黏結方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI671377B
TWI671377B TW107100825A TW107100825A TWI671377B TW I671377 B TWI671377 B TW I671377B TW 107100825 A TW107100825 A TW 107100825A TW 107100825 A TW107100825 A TW 107100825A TW I671377 B TWI671377 B TW I671377B
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Taiwan
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nano
super
carbon tube
sequential
carbon
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TW107100825A
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TW201930505A (zh
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金翔
巫梓鵬
苗文韜
姜開利
范守善
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鴻海精密工業股份有限公司
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Abstract

本發明提供一種黏結方法，包括：將片狀結構放置在一基板表面上，該片狀結構包括第一表面和相對設置的第二表面，該第一表面與所述基板表面直接接觸，該第二表面為平滑表面；鋪設奈米碳管結構於該第二表面，且該奈米碳管結構的兩端與所述基板表面接觸，該奈米碳管結構包括至少一層超順排奈米碳管膜，該至少一層超順排奈米碳管膜包括複數個相互平行的奈米碳管；向與所述基板表面接觸的奈米碳管結構部分滴加有機溶劑；以及在所述奈米碳管結構的表面放置一待黏結物，該待黏結物的待黏結表面為一平滑表面，施加壓力於該待黏結物和所述基板表面。

Description

一種黏結方法
本發明涉及一種黏結方法，尤其是將待黏結物黏結在粗糙表面的方法。
在日常生活以及工業生產中，一般採用雙面膠或膠黏劑將物體之間進行黏結。在很多實驗中，需要採用黏結劑將兩個物體黏結之後高溫處理或者超低溫處理。例如，在生長奈米碳管陣列時，需要將矽片固定在一石英片上900℃左右高溫處理。先前的雙面膠或膠黏劑一般適用的溫度範圍很窄，在高溫（例如高於70℃）和低溫（例如低於0℃）下黏性顯著降低甚至失去黏性。
有鑑於此，確有必要提供一種黏結方法，使用該黏結方法黏結在一起的物體，在高溫和低溫下都可以保持較好的穩固性。
一種黏結方法，包括以下步驟： 步驟S1，將一片狀結構放置在一基板表面上，該片狀結構包括一第一表面和一第二表面，該第一表面和第二表面相對設置，該第一表面與所述基板表面直接接觸，該第二表面為一表面粗糙度小於等於1.0微米的平滑表面； 步驟S2，鋪設一奈米碳管結構於所述第二表面，且該奈米碳管結構的兩端與所述基板表面接觸，該奈米碳管結構包括至少一層超順排奈米碳管膜，所述至少一層超順排奈米碳管膜包括複數個相互平行的奈米碳管； 步驟S3，向與所述基板表面接觸的奈米碳管結構部分滴加有機溶劑，從而通過所述奈米碳管結構將所述片狀結構固定在所述基板表面上；以及 步驟S4，在所述奈米碳管結構遠離所述片狀結構的表面放置一待黏結物，該待黏結物的待黏結表面為一表面粗糙度小於等於1.0微米的平滑表面，施加壓力於該待黏結物和所述基板表面，將所述待黏結物黏結在所述基板表面上。
與先前技術相比較，本發明提供的黏結方法中，首先將一片狀結構固定在基板表面上，然後通過奈米碳管結構將待黏結物黏結在片狀結構的表面，進而將待黏結物黏結在基板表面上，該奈米碳管結構僅通過凡得瓦力使待黏結物黏結在片狀結構的表面，由於凡得瓦力受溫度影響較小，因此該黏結方法的使用溫度範圍較大，例如在-196℃～1000℃的範圍內均可以使待黏結物很好的黏結在基板表面上。
下麵將結合附圖及具體實施例對本發明作進一步的詳細說明。
本發明中所述的粗糙表面是指表面粗糙度較大，粗糙度大於1.0微米的表面；所述的平滑表面是指表面粗糙度較小，粗糙度小於等於1.0微米的表面。
請參閱圖1和圖2，本發明第一實施例提供一種黏結方法，包括以下步驟： 步驟S1，將一片狀結構10放置在一基板表面20上，該片狀結構10包括一第一表面和一第二表面，該第一表面和第二表面相對設置，該第一表面與該基板表面20直接接觸，該第二表面為一平滑表面； 步驟S2，將一奈米碳管結構30鋪設在所述第二表面，且該奈米碳管結構30的兩端與所述基板表面20直接接觸，該奈米碳管結構30包括至少一層超順排奈米碳管膜，所述超順排奈米碳管膜包括複數個奈米碳管，且該複數個奈米碳管的延伸方向相同，該延伸方向平行於所述超順排奈米碳管膜的表面，且該複數個奈米碳管通過凡得瓦力相互連接； 步驟S3，向與所述基板表面20直接接觸的奈米碳管結構部分滴加有機溶劑40，從而通過所述奈米碳管結構30將所述片狀結構10固定在所述基板表面20上；以及 步驟S4，在所述奈米碳管結構30遠離所述片狀結構10的表面放置一待黏結物50，施加壓力於所述待黏結物50和基板表面20將所述待黏結物50黏結在所述基板表面20上，該待黏結物50的待黏結表面為平滑表面。
步驟S1中，所述基板表面20可以為平滑表面或粗糙表面。優選的，所述基板表面20為一粗糙表面。所述基板表面20的表面粗糙度可以在1微米到10微米之間。進一步地，所述基板表面20的表面粗糙度在3微米到5微米之間。例如，所述基板表面20可以為磨砂玻璃的表面，石英片的粗糙表面等。本實施例中，所述基板表面20為一石英片的粗糙表面，表面粗糙度為4微米。
由於所述奈米碳管結構30僅通過凡得瓦力與片狀結構10的第二表面黏結，如果第二表面太粗糙或者表面不乾淨，會降低奈米碳管結構30與第二表面之間的凡得瓦力，進而降低奈米碳管結構30與第二表面之間的黏結力。所述第二表面優選為乾淨的平滑表面，即所述第二表面的潔淨度很高，幾乎不含或者完全不含任何雜質、灰塵等。優選的，所述第二表面的表面粗糙度小於等於1微米。更優選的，所述第二表面的表面粗糙度小於等於0.1微米。所述第一表面的面積以及第二表面的面積均小於所述基板表面的面積。所述片狀結構10的材料不限，可以為光滑的玻璃、矽片、PET片等。本實施例中，所述片狀結構10為一表面乾淨平滑的矽片，該矽片的表面粗糙度為0.005微米。
步驟S2中，請參閱圖3，所述超順排奈米碳管膜中的複數個奈米碳管基本朝同一方向延伸是指超順排奈米碳管膜中大多數奈米碳管的延伸方向朝同一方向，僅存在少數隨機排列的奈米碳管，這些奈米碳管不會對超順排奈米碳管膜中大多數奈米碳管的整體延伸方向構成明顯影響，該少數隨機排列的奈米碳管可以忽略。所述超順排奈米碳管膜中的複數個奈米碳管是通過凡得瓦力首尾相連。進一步地，所述超順排奈米碳管膜中每一奈米碳管與在延伸方向上相鄰的奈米碳管通過凡得瓦力首尾相連。所述超順排奈米碳管膜中的複數個奈米碳管為純奈米碳管，純奈米碳管是指奈米碳管未經過任何物理、化學等修飾，奈米碳管的表面純淨（純淨度達到99.9%以上），基本不含有雜質，如無定型碳或殘留的催化劑金屬顆粒等。由於超順排奈米碳管膜中的奈米碳管非常純淨，且由於奈米碳管本身的比表面積非常大，所以該超順排奈米碳管膜本身具有較強的黏性，由其形成的奈米碳管結構也具有很強的黏性，因此該黏結方法可以很好的黏結和固定物體。
所述超順排奈米碳管膜為一自支撐結構，所謂自支撐是指超順排奈米碳管膜無需其它基體支撐，可自支撐保持一膜的形態。因此，所述超順排奈米碳管膜可直接鋪設於所述第二表面上，並與該第二表面貼合設置。
請參閱圖4～6，當所述奈米碳管結構30包括至少兩層超順排奈米碳管膜時，該至少兩層超順排奈米碳管膜重疊且平行設置。相鄰兩個超順排奈米碳管膜之間通過凡得瓦力緊密連接。該至少兩層超順排奈米碳管膜中每層超順排奈米碳管膜中奈米碳管的延伸方向與其它層超順排奈米碳管膜中奈米碳管的延伸方向基本相同。
當所述奈米碳管結構30包括一層所述超順排奈米碳管膜時，將所述奈米碳管結構30鋪設在所述第二表面包括以下步驟：步驟S21，提供一超順排奈米碳管陣列；以及步驟S22，採用一拉伸工具從所述超順排奈米碳管陣列中拉取所述超順排奈米碳管膜，將該超順排奈米碳管膜直接鋪設在所述第二表面上。步驟S22具體包括以下步驟：步驟S221，從所述超順排奈米碳管陣列中選定一定寬度的複數個奈米碳管片斷；以及步驟S222，以一定速度沿基本垂直於所述超順排奈米碳管陣列生長方向拉伸該複數個奈米碳管片斷，以形成一連續的超順排奈米碳管膜，將該超順排奈米碳管膜直接鋪設在所述第二表面上。
當所述奈米碳管結構30包括至少兩層超順排奈米碳管膜時，將所述奈米碳管結構30直接鋪設在所述第二表面的方法進一步包括一在步驟S222中的超順排奈米碳管膜的表面直接重疊且平行鋪設至少一層所述超順排奈米碳管膜的步驟。
可以理解，也可以預先形成所述奈米碳管結構30後再將該奈米碳管結構30鋪設於所述第二表面。其具體可包括以下步驟：提供一支撐結構；將一層所述超順排奈米碳管膜或至少兩層超順排奈米碳管膜重疊且平行設置於該支撐結構的表面形成一奈米碳管結構30；將該奈米碳管結構30從該支撐結構上取下，鋪設於所述第二表面。可以理解，所述支撐結構可以為一基底，也可以為一框架結構。當支撐結構為一框架結構時，奈米碳管結構30可部分懸空，此時可直接將懸空的奈米碳管結構30直接鋪設於第二表面上，再將該框架結構的支撐結構去除。
可選擇地，步驟S2進一步包括一步驟S23，步驟S23包括：對所述超順排奈米碳管膜進行拉伸。即在步驟S22得到所述超順排奈米碳管膜之後，採用一拉伸工具沿所述超順排奈米碳管膜中奈米碳管的延伸方向繼續將該超順排奈米碳管膜拉伸一定的長度。優選的，該拉伸的長度為1～3毫米。更優選的，該拉伸的長度為3毫米。該拉伸的步驟可以使超順排奈米碳管膜中隨機排列的一些奈米碳管的延伸方向與大多數奈米碳管的延伸方向一致，使超順排奈米碳管膜的表面更光滑，進而增加奈米碳管結構30與待黏結表面之間的凡得瓦力。請參閱圖7，分別採用沒有拉伸的10層超順排奈米碳管膜形成的奈米碳管結構，拉伸1毫米的10層超順排奈米碳管膜形成的奈米碳管結構、拉伸2毫米的10層超順排奈米碳管膜形成的奈米碳管結構、預拉伸3毫米的10層超順排奈米碳管膜形成的奈米碳管結構，以及拉伸4毫米的10層超順排奈米碳管膜形成的奈米碳管結構黏結兩個邊長為7毫米的正方形矽片，拉伸之前奈米碳管結構的長度均為174mm，從圖中可以看出，當拉伸的距離小於3毫米時，即當拉伸的長度與超順排奈米碳管膜原始長度的百分比小於0.57時，兩個矽片之間的黏結力隨著拉伸長度的增加而增大，而當拉伸距離大於3毫米時，即當拉伸的長度與超順排奈米碳管膜原始長度的百分比大於0.57時兩個矽片之間的黏結力隨著拉伸長度的增加而減小。
所述超順排奈米碳管膜中奈米碳管的排列方向基本平行於超順排奈米碳管膜的拉伸方向。步驟S21中，所述超順排奈米碳管陣列中的奈米碳管純淨且奈米碳管長度較長，一般大於300微米。所述超順排奈米碳管陣列的製備方法不限，可以為化學氣相沉積法、電弧放電製備方法或氣溶膠製備方法等。本實施例中所述超順排奈米碳管陣列的製備方法採用化學氣相沉積法，其具體步驟包括：（a'）提供一基底，該基底可選用P型矽基底、N型矽基底或形成有氧化層的矽基底等；（b'）在基底表面均勻形成一催化劑層，該催化劑層材料可選用鐵（Fe）、鈷（Co）、鎳（Ni）或其任意組合的合金之一；（c'）將上述形成有催化劑層的基底在700~900℃的空氣中退火約30分鐘~90分鐘；（d'）將處理過的基底置於反應爐中，在保護氣體環境下加熱到500~740℃，然後通入碳源氣體反應約5~30分鐘，生長得到超順排奈米碳管陣列，其高度為200~400微米。本實施例中碳源氣可選用乙炔等化學性質較活潑的碳氫化合物，保護氣體可選用氮氣、氨氣或惰性氣體。所述超順排奈米碳管陣列的製備方法可以參見中國專利CN1483668A。採用上述方法生長出的超順排奈米碳管陣列中，奈米碳管表面純淨，不含雜質或者幾乎不含雜質，因此，奈米碳管表面具有較強的凡得瓦力。
所述奈米碳管結構30中超順排奈米碳管膜的層數不限，可以根據實際需要進行選擇。優選的，所述奈米碳管結構30由5～30層超順排奈米碳管膜重疊且平行設置。更優選的，所述奈米碳管結構30由10～15層超順排奈米碳管膜重疊且平行設置。請參閱圖8，分別採用由1層、2層、4層、6層、8層、10層、12層、15層、30層超順排奈米碳管膜10組成的奈米碳管結構作為雙面膠黏結兩個邊長為7毫米的正方形矽片，從圖中可以看出，當兩個矽片之間沒有奈米碳管結構20時，兩個矽片完全沒有黏結力；隨著奈米碳管結構20中超順排奈米碳管膜的層數增加，兩個矽片之間的黏結力增加，當奈米碳管結構20中超順排奈米碳管膜層數大於15層之後，黏結力隨超順排奈米碳管膜的層數增加的速率減慢。本實施例中，所述奈米碳管結構20包括10層超順排奈米碳管膜重疊且平行設置。
步驟S3中，所述有機溶劑40優選為揮發性有機溶劑，如乙醇、甲醇、丙酮、二氯乙烷或氯仿等，本實施例中採用乙醇。該與所述基板表面20直接接觸的奈米碳管結構部分經過有機溶劑浸潤處理後，在揮發性有機溶劑的表面張力的作用下，可以使所述奈米碳管結構30與基板表面20之間的結合力增加，奈米碳管結構30與基板表面20黏結在一起，進而通過所述奈米碳管結構30將所述片狀結構10固定在所述基板表面20上。
步驟S4中，由於所述奈米碳管結構30僅通過凡得瓦力與待黏結物50的待黏結表面黏結，如果待黏結表面太粗糙或者表面不乾淨，會降低奈米碳管結構30與待黏結表面之間的凡得瓦力，進而影響奈米碳管結構30與待黏結物50之間的黏結力。因此，所述待黏結表面為一乾淨的平滑表面。即所述待黏結表面的潔淨度很高，不含有任何雜質、灰塵等。優選的，所述待黏結表面的表面粗糙度小於等於1微米。更優選的，所述待黏結表面的表面粗糙度小於等於0.1微米。本實施例中，所述第一待黏結物50的待黏結表面為乾淨平滑的表面，表面粗糙度為0.001微米。
所述奈米碳管結構30僅通過凡得瓦力將待黏結物50和片狀結構10黏結在一起。溫度對凡得瓦力的影響很小，因此，所述奈米碳管結構30在高溫和低溫下仍然具有很好的黏性，進而使所述該黏結方法的應用溫度範圍較廣。優選的，所述黏結方法的應用溫度範圍為-196℃～1000℃。
所述壓力的大小根據實際需要設定。優選的，所述壓力的大小為10～20N。
本發明第二實施例提供一種黏結方法，本實施例中的黏結方法與第一實施例中的黏結方法基本上相同，其不同僅在於，本實施例中步驟S2中的奈米碳管結構由至少一層超順排奈米碳管膜組成，且該超順排奈米碳管膜由複數個基本朝同一方向延伸的奈米碳管組成。
本發明第三實施例提供一黏結方法，本實施例中的黏結方法與第一實施例中的黏結方法基本上相同，其不同僅在於，本實施例中步驟S2中的奈米碳管結構由複數個奈米碳管組成，該複數個奈米碳管首尾相連且沿同一方向延伸，且延伸方向平行於奈米碳管結構的表面，所述複數個奈米碳管通過凡得瓦力相互連接。
本發明提供的黏結方法具有以下優點：第一，先通過奈米碳管結構將具有平滑表面的片狀結構固定在基板表面，然後將待黏結物黏結在具有光滑表面的片狀結構上，因此，即使基板表面為粗糙表面，也能通過奈米碳管結構將待黏結物與基板表面很好的黏結在一起。第二，所述奈米碳管結構僅通過凡得瓦力將待黏結物和片狀結構黏結在一起。溫度對凡得瓦力的影響很小，因此，所述奈米碳管結構在高溫和低溫下仍然具有很好的黏性，進而使所述該黏結方法的應用溫度範圍較廣。例如，所述黏結方法在-196℃～1000℃的溫度範圍內均具有很好的黏性。而且，由於所述超順排奈米碳管膜中的奈米碳管的表面純淨，基本不含有無定型碳或殘留的催化劑金屬顆粒等，所以該超順排奈米碳管膜具有很高的熱穩定性，即使在很高的溫度下也不易氧化。第三，該黏結方法中，由於所述奈米碳管結構僅通過凡得瓦力將待黏結物黏結在片狀結構上，當需要將待黏結物從基板表面上取下時，只需要施加一定的力即可，該奈米碳管結構可以從待黏結表面去除乾淨，不會對待黏結表面造成傷害；而且本發明的黏結方法，如果黏結的位置不是很準確可以隨時進行調整。
綜上所述，本發明確已符合發明專利之要件，遂依法提出專利申請。惟，以上所述者僅為本發明之較佳實施例，自不能以此限制本案之申請專利範圍。舉凡習知本案技藝之人士援依本發明之精神所作之等效修飾或變化，皆應涵蓋於以下申請專利範圍內。
片狀結構 10
基板表面 20
奈米碳管結構 30
有機溶劑 40
待黏結物 50
圖1為本發明實施例提供的黏結方法的流程圖。
圖2為本發明實施例提供的黏結方法的示意圖。
圖3為本發明實施例提供的超順排奈米碳管膜的電子顯微鏡照片。
圖4為本發明實施例提供的奈米碳管結構包括8層超順排奈米碳管膜時的掃描電子顯微鏡照片。
圖5為本發明實施例提供的奈米碳管結構包括50層超順排奈米碳管膜時的掃描電子顯微鏡照片。
圖6為本發明實施例提供的黏結方法中奈米碳管結構包括多層超順排奈米碳管膜時的結構示意圖。
圖7為本發明實施例提供的奈米碳管結構的張力隨拉伸長度的變化曲線。
圖8為本發明實施例提供的矽片表面張力隨奈米碳管結構中超順排奈米碳管膜層數的變化曲線。
無

Claims (11)

  1. 一種黏結方法，包括以下步驟： 步驟S1，將一片狀結構放置在一基板表面上，該片狀結構包括一第一表面和一第二表面，該第一表面和第二表面相對設置，該第一表面與所述基板表面直接接觸，該第二表面為一表面粗糙度小於等於1.0微米的平滑表面； 步驟S2，鋪設一奈米碳管結構於所述第二表面，且該奈米碳管結構的兩端與所述基板表面接觸，該奈米碳管結構包括至少一層超順排奈米碳管膜，所述至少一層超順排奈米碳管膜包括複數個相互平行的奈米碳管； 步驟S3，向與所述基板表面接觸的奈米碳管結構部分滴加有機溶劑，從而通過所述奈米碳管結構將所述片狀結構固定在所述基板表面上；以及 步驟S4，在所述奈米碳管結構遠離所述片狀結構的表面放置一待黏結物，該待黏結物的待黏結表面為一表面粗糙度小於等於1.0微米的平滑表面，施加壓力於該待黏結物和所述基板表面，將所述待黏結物黏結在所述基板表面上。
  2. 如請求項1所述的黏結方法，其中，所述鋪設奈米碳管結構於所述第二表面包括：步驟S21，提供一超順排奈米碳管陣列；以及步驟S22，採用一拉伸工具從所述超順排奈米碳管陣列中拉取所述超順排奈米碳管膜，將該超順排奈米碳管膜直接鋪設在所述第二表面上。
  3. 如請求項2所述的黏結方法，其中，步驟S22包括以下步驟：步驟S221，從所述超順排奈米碳管陣列中選定一定寬度的複數個奈米碳管片斷；以及步驟S222，以一定速度沿基本垂直於所述超順排奈米碳管陣列生長方向拉伸該複數個奈米碳管片斷，以形成一連續的超順排奈米碳管膜，將該超順排奈米碳管膜直接鋪設在所述第二表面上。
  4. 如請求項2所述的黏結方法，其中，所述鋪設奈米碳管結構於所述第二表面進一步包括對所述超順排奈米碳管膜進行拉伸的步驟，具體的，在步驟S22之後，採用一拉伸工具沿所述超順排奈米碳管膜中奈米碳管的延伸方向繼續將該超順排奈米碳管膜拉伸一定的長度。
  5. 如請求項2所述的黏結方法，其中，當所述奈米碳管結構包括至少兩層超順排奈米碳管膜時，所述鋪設奈米碳管結構於所述第二表面進一步包括一在所述超順排奈米碳管膜的表面直接重疊且平行鋪設至少一層所述超順排奈米碳管膜的步驟。
  6. 如請求項1所述的黏結方法，其中，所述鋪設奈米碳管結構於所述第二表面包括：提供一支撐結構；將一層所述超順排奈米碳管膜或至少兩層超順排奈米碳管膜重疊且平行設置於該支撐結構的表面形成一奈米碳管結構；將該奈米碳管結構從該支撐結構上取下，鋪設於所述第二表面上。
  7. 如請求項1所述的黏結方法，其中，所述基板表面為粗糙表面，表面粗糙度大於等於1微米。
  8. 如請求項1所述的黏結方法，其中，所述奈米碳管結構包括6～15層超順排奈米碳管膜重疊且平行設置。
  9. 如請求項1所述的黏結方法，其中，所述超順排奈米碳管膜中的複數個奈米碳管為純奈米碳管。
  10. 如請求項1所述的黏結方法，其中，該黏結方法的使用溫度範圍為-196℃～1000℃。
  11. 如請求項1所述的黏結方法，其中，所述奈米碳管結構與待黏結表面之間僅通過凡得瓦力黏結，所述奈米碳管結構與片狀結構的第二表面之間僅通過凡得瓦力黏結。
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