TWI668866B - 半導體元件及其製作方法 - Google Patents
半導體元件及其製作方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI668866B TWI668866B TW104132947A TW104132947A TWI668866B TW I668866 B TWI668866 B TW I668866B TW 104132947 A TW104132947 A TW 104132947A TW 104132947 A TW104132947 A TW 104132947A TW I668866 B TWI668866 B TW I668866B
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 36
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum nitride Chemical compound [Ta]#N MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- UNASZPQZIFZUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneniobium Chemical compound [Nb]#C UNASZPQZIFZUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 120
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 4
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000449 hafnium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(4+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Hf+4] WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000577 Silicon-germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AJHQUQJABBRDOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Nb].[La] Chemical compound [Nb].[La] AJHQUQJABBRDOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPMBECJIPQBCKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium telluride Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge]=[Te] GPMBECJIPQBCKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005224 laser annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidynetantalum Chemical compound [Ta]#C NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003468 tantalcarbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- H01L29/66477—Unipolar field-effect transistors with an insulated gate, i.e. MISFET
- H01L29/66787—Unipolar field-effect transistors with an insulated gate, i.e. MISFET with a gate at the side of the channel
- H01L29/66795—Unipolar field-effect transistors with an insulated gate, i.e. MISFET with a gate at the side of the channel with a horizontal current flow in a vertical sidewall of a semiconductor body, e.g. FinFET, MuGFET
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Abstract
本發明揭露一種製作半導體元件的方法。首先提供一基底,該基底上設有一鰭狀結構,然後形成一磊晶層於鰭狀結構上,形成一第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層於磊晶層上,形成一源極/汲極區域於磊晶層內以及形成一第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層於第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層上。
Description
本發明揭露一種製作半導體元件的方法,尤指一種依序於磊晶層上形成一第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層、一遮蓋層以及一第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層的方法。
近年來,隨著場效電晶體(field effect transistors,FETs)元件尺寸持續地縮小,習知平面式(planar)場效電晶體元件之發展已面臨製程上之極限。為了克服製程限制,以非平面(non-planar)之場效電晶體元件,例如鰭狀場效電晶體(fin field effect transistor,Fin FET)元件來取代平面電晶體元件已成為目前之主流發展趨勢。由於鰭狀場效電晶體元件的立體結構可增加閘極與鰭狀結構的接觸面積,因此,可進一步增加閘極對於載子通道區域的控制,從而降低小尺寸元件面臨的汲極引發能帶降低(drain induced barrier lowering,DIBL)效應,並可以抑
制短通道效應(short channel effect,SCE)。再者,由於鰭狀場效電晶體元件在同樣的閘極長度下會具有更寬的通道寬度,因而可獲得加倍的汲極驅動電流。甚而,電晶體元件的臨界電壓(threshold voltage)亦可藉由調整閘極的功函數而加以調控。
然而,在現行的鰭狀場效電晶體元件製程中,鰭狀結構與後續磊晶層的搭配仍存在許多瓶頸,進而影響整個元件的漏電流及整體電性表現。因此如何改良現有鰭狀場效電晶體製程即為現今一重要課題。
本發明較佳實施例揭露一種製作半導體元件的方法。首先提供一基底,該基底上設有一鰭狀結構,然後形成一磊晶層於鰭狀結構上,形成一第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層於磊晶層上,形成一源極/汲極區域於磊晶層內以及形成一第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層於第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層上。
本發明另一實施例揭露一種半導體元件,包含一基底,一鰭狀結構設於基底上,一磊晶層設於鰭狀結構上,一第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層設於磊晶層及基底上,一第一遮蓋層設於第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層上以及一第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層設於第一遮蓋層上。
12‧‧‧基底
14‧‧‧鰭狀結構
16‧‧‧淺溝隔離
18‧‧‧閘極結構
20‧‧‧介質層
22‧‧‧多晶矽閘極
24‧‧‧側壁子
26‧‧‧側壁子
28‧‧‧側壁子
30‧‧‧側壁子
32‧‧‧磊晶層
34‧‧‧遮蓋層
36‧‧‧第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層
38‧‧‧遮蓋層
40‧‧‧源極/汲極區域
42‧‧‧第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層
44‧‧‧遮蓋層
46‧‧‧層間介電層
第1圖至第2圖為本發明較佳實施例製作一半導體元件之方法示意圖。
第3圖為第2圖中沿著切線AA’之剖面示意圖。
請參照第1圖至第2圖,第1圖至第2圖為本發明較佳實施例製作一半導體元件之方法示意圖。如第1圖所示,首先提供一基底12,例如一矽基底或矽覆絕緣(SOI)基板,其上可定義有一電晶體區,例如一NMOS電晶體區或PMOS電晶體區。基底12上具有至少一鰭狀結構14及一絕緣層(圖未示),其中鰭狀結構14之底部係被絕緣層,例如氧化矽所包覆而形成淺溝隔離16,且部分的鰭狀結構14上另分別設有複數個虛置閘極或閘極結構18。
鰭狀結構14之形成方式可以包含先形成一圖案化遮罩(圖未示)於基底12上,再經過一蝕刻製程,將圖案化遮罩之圖案轉移至基底12中。接著,對應三閘極電晶體元件及雙閘極鰭狀電晶體元件結構特性的不同,而可選擇性去除或留下圖案化遮罩,並利用沈積、化學機械研磨(chemical mechanical polishing,CMP)及回蝕刻製程而形成一環繞鰭狀結構14底部之淺溝隔離(圖未示)。除此之外,鰭狀結構14之形成方式另也可以是先製作一圖案化硬遮罩層(圖未示)於基底12上,並利用磊晶製程於暴露出於圖案化硬遮罩層之基底12上成長出半導體層,此半導體層即可作為相對應的鰭狀結構14。同樣的,另可以選擇
性去除或留下圖案化硬遮罩層,並透過沈積、CMP及回蝕刻製程形成一淺溝隔離以包覆住鰭狀結構14之底部。另外,當基底12為矽覆絕緣(SOI)基板時,則可利用圖案化遮罩來蝕刻基底上之一半導體層,並停止於此半導體層下方的一底氧化層以形成鰭狀結構,故可省略前述製作淺溝隔離的步驟。
閘極結構18之製作方式可依據製程需求以先閘極(gate first)製程、後閘極(gate last)製程之先閘極介電層(high-k first)製程以及後閘極製程之後閘極介電層(high-k last)製程等方式製作完成。以本實施例之後閘極介電層製程為例,可先於鰭狀結構14上形成一較佳包含介質層20與多晶矽材閘極22所構成的閘極結構18,然後於閘極結構18側壁形成側壁子24,並同時形成另一側壁子26於鰭狀結構14側壁。在本實施例中,側壁子24、26可分別為一複合式側壁子,例如可細部包含側壁子28與側壁子30,其中側壁子28可由氮碳化矽(SiCN)所構成,側壁子30可由氮化矽(SiN)所構成,但不侷限於此。
接著可先去除部分鰭狀結構14,再利用磊晶成長製程形成一磊晶層32於閘極結構18兩側的鰭狀結構14上,其中磊晶層32可包含鍺化矽(SiGe)、碳化矽(SiC)或磷化矽(SiP)等,但不侷限於此,端視所製作電晶體的型式與元件特性需求而定。
隨後請參照第2圖至第3圖,其中第3圖為第2圖中沿著切線AA’之剖面示意圖。如第2圖與第3圖所示,先形成一遮蓋層34並覆蓋磊晶層32、淺溝隔離16以及閘極結構14,然後再依序形成一第一接觸
洞蝕刻停止層36與另一遮蓋層38於遮蓋層34上。在本實施例中,遮蓋層34包含二氧化矽,第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層36包含氮碳化矽(SiCN)或氮化矽(SiN),遮蓋層38則包含氮氧化矽(SiON)或碳氮氧化矽(SiCON),但不侷限於此。需注意的是,由於本實施例之遮蓋層38較佳以氧化方式形成於第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層36上,因此若第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層36由SiCN所構成,則遮蓋層38較佳包含SiCON,反之若第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層36由SiN所構成,則遮蓋層38較佳包含SiON。
接著進行一離子佈植,依據所製作電晶體的型式於閘極結構18兩側的磊晶層32中植入N型或P型摻質,然後再搭配進行一退火製程活化所植入的摻植,以形成一源極/汲極區域40。在本實施例中,退火製程較佳包含一雷射退火製程,但不侷限於此。之後形成一第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層42於遮蓋層38上,然後可再選擇性形成另一遮蓋層44於第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層42表面。如同前述之遮蓋層38,遮蓋層44也可選擇以氧化方式形成於第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層42表面,且若第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層42由SiCN所構成,則遮蓋層44較佳包含SiCON,反之若第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層42由SiN所構成,則遮蓋層44較佳包含SiON。
在本實施例中,第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層36與第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層42較佳為相同厚度,其中兩者之厚度均各較佳介於15埃至25埃,或最佳為20埃。另外第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層36與第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層42也較佳包含相同材料,例如兩者均可選自由氮碳化矽(SiCN)以及氮化矽(SiN)所構成的群組。至此即完成本發明較佳實施例之半導體元件的製作。之後可進行後續鰭狀結構電晶體的製作,例如可形成
一層間介電層46於基底12上並覆蓋閘極結構18,然後進行一金屬閘極置換(replacement metal gate,RMG)製程,將閘極結構18轉換為金屬閘極。由於後續包括RMG製程等均為本領域所熟知技藝,在此不另加贅述。
請再參照第3圖,第3圖另揭露本發明較佳實施例之一半導體元件之結構示意圖。如第3圖所示,本發明之半導體元件包含一基底12、一鰭狀結構14設於基底12上、一磊晶層32設於設於鰭狀結構14上、一側壁子26設於磊晶層32與鰭狀結構14旁、一遮蓋層34設於磊晶層32、側壁子26以及淺溝隔離16上、一第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層36設於遮蓋層34上、一遮蓋層38設於第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層36上、一第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層42設於遮蓋層38以及一遮蓋層44設於第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層42上。
在本實施例中,遮蓋層34的材料較佳不同於遮蓋層38與遮蓋層44的材料。如上所述,遮蓋層34較佳由二氧化矽所構成,遮蓋層38與遮蓋層44則分別依據其下方第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層36與第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層42的材料而有所不同。例如若第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層36由SiCN所構成,則遮蓋層38較佳包含SiCON,反之若第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層36由SiN所構成,則遮蓋層38較佳包含SiON。同樣的,若第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層42由SiCN所構成,則遮蓋層44較佳包含SiCON,反之若第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層42由SiN所構成,則遮蓋層44較佳包含SiON。另外第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層36與第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層42較佳包含相同材料與相同厚度,且遮罩層38較佳設於第一接觸洞蝕刻停止
層36與第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層42之間使這兩者不相互接觸。此外,第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層36與第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層42亦可依據產品需求而分別具有不同應力,此實施例也屬本發明所涵蓋的範圍。
一般而言,習知於形成源極/汲極區域之前通常會先覆蓋一由氧化矽所構成的遮蓋層於鰭狀結構、基底與閘極結構上,當作後續離子佈植的緩衝層,迨完成源極/汲極區域的離子佈植後再利用稀釋氫氟酸(diluted hydrofluoric acid,dHF)等清洗溶液來拔除氧化矽所構成的遮蓋層,並再形成接觸洞蝕刻停止層。由於利用稀釋氫氟酸所進行的清洗製程容易傷害磊晶層的表面並影響整個元件的效能與運作,因此本發明主要於閘極結構與磊晶層形成後以及源極/汲極區域形成之前先全面性覆蓋一第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層於磊晶層與閘極結構上,進行離子佈植形成源極/汲極區域,再形成一第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層於第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層上。
換句話說,本發明主要將原本形成接觸洞蝕刻停止層的步驟拆為兩部分,並利用第一部分的接觸洞蝕刻停止層(即前述之第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層)來取代原本的氧化矽遮蓋層,如此即可省略後續所需進行的稀釋氫氟酸(diluted hydrofluoric acid,dHF)清洗步驟,避免磊晶層的表面受到清洗溶液的傷害。以上所述僅為本發明之較佳實施例,凡依本發明申請專利範圍所做之均等變化與修飾,皆應屬本發明之涵蓋範圍。
Claims (17)
- 一種製作半導體元件的方法,包含:提供一基底,該基底上設有一鰭狀結構;形成一磊晶層於該鰭狀結構上;形成一第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層於該磊晶層上;形成一源極/汲極區域於該磊晶層內;以及於形成該源極/汲極區域後形成一第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,另包含一淺溝隔離環繞該鰭狀結構,該方法包含:形成一側壁子於該鰭狀結構旁;去除部分該鰭狀結構;形成該磊晶層於該鰭狀結構上;形成該第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層於該磊晶層、該側壁子及該淺溝隔離上;形成一第一遮蓋層於該第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層上;形成該源極/汲極區域於該磊晶層內;以及形成該第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層於該第一遮蓋層上。
- 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之方法,其中該第一遮蓋層包含氮氧化矽(SiON)或碳氮氧化矽(SiCON)。
- 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之方法,另包含於形成該第一接 觸洞蝕刻停止層之前形成一第二遮蓋層於該磊晶層上。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項所述之方法,其中該第二遮蓋層包含二氧化矽。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,其中該第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層及該第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層包含相同材料。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,其中該第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層及該第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層包含氮碳化矽或氮化矽。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,其中該第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層及該第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層包含相同厚度。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,另包含於形成該源極/汲極區域後及形成該形成該第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層之前進行一退火製程。
- 一種半導體元件,包含:一基底,該基底上設有一鰭狀結構;一磊晶層設於該鰭狀結構上;一第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層設於該磊晶層及該基底上;一第一遮蓋層設於該第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層上;以及一第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層設於該第一遮蓋層上。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項所述之半導體元件,另包含:一淺溝隔離環繞該鰭狀結構;一側壁子設於該磊晶層及該鰭狀結構旁;以及該第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層設於該磊晶層、該側壁子及該淺溝隔離上。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項所述之半導體元件,其中該第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層及該第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層包含相同材料。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項所述之半導體元件,其中該第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層及該第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層包含氮碳化矽或氮化矽。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項所述之半導體元件,其中該第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層及該第二接觸洞蝕刻停止層包含相同厚度。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項所述之半導體元件,其中該第一遮蓋層包含氮氧化矽(SiON)或碳氮氧化矽(SiCON)。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項所述之半導體元件,另包含一第二遮蓋層設於該第一接觸洞蝕刻停止層及該磊晶層之間。
- 如申請專利範圍第16項所述之半導體元件,其中該第二遮蓋層包含二氧化矽。
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