TWI658605B - 用於光電模組的背側連接層 - Google Patents

用於光電模組的背側連接層 Download PDF

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TWI658605B
TWI658605B TW104110697A TW104110697A TWI658605B TW I658605 B TWI658605 B TW I658605B TW 104110697 A TW104110697 A TW 104110697A TW 104110697 A TW104110697 A TW 104110697A TW I658605 B TWI658605 B TW I658605B
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阿肯 巴斯 貝納德斯 凡
艾福特 猶金 邦德
案拖牛斯 繞寶德 寶格斯
馬克司 喬漢 真森
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荷蘭史迪克汀艾能吉翁德卓克中心
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Abstract

一種用於光電模組的背側連接層，包括多個光電電池，所述多個光電電池為具有一或多個背側接點的形式且將串聯的光電電池劃分為預設數量的串列。旁路二極體並聯至預設數量的串列中的每一個，且提供三串或更多串的串列。定位光電電池，且在背側連接層與光電電池的2×2陣列的一部分重疊的部分中提供對應至預設數量的串列中的每一個的第一個光電電池與最後一個光電電池的電性連接。

Description

用於光電模組的背側連接層
本發明是有關於一種用於光電模組的背側連接層(例如為箔或基材)，其包括多個光電電池(photo-voltaic cells,PV-cells)，光電電池為具有一或多個背側接點的形式。將串聯連接的光電電池劃分出預設數量的串列且旁路二極體並聯至預設數量的串列中的每一個。
國際專利公開案(International patent publication)WO2013/182955揭露一種包括背接觸太陽能電池(back-contact solar cells)的用於光電模組的背片材(back-sheet)。導電背片材經設置形成為對應於所述模組的太陽能電池的電極的連接電路。
在一般光電面板實施方式中，放置在電池區域外側的十字導線(cross connectors)能將電池連接至廣泛地使用於工業用的焊接H圖案模組的跳線盒(junction box)。這樣的解決方式增加了 所述模組的區域/尺寸，但不美觀，以及增加了接點的數量且影響光電面板的製造。
國際專利公開案WO2009/134939揭露使用整體式(monolithic)模組組件技術來製造光電模組。揭露一種實施例，其中光電模組的電池排列成6×10陣列且藉由非線性電路路徑進行內連接。
本發明是尋求提供一種用於光電模組的改良的背側連接層，以允許光電模組以最小改變的方式將例如為另外的接線或電路的旁路電路(by-pass circuit)併入至光電模組中。
根據本發明，提供一種根據上述所界定的背側連接層，其中預設數量的串列是三串或更多串，且提供對應至經定位的背側連接層上的多個光電電池的連接，以在背側連接層與光電電池的2×2陣列的一部分重疊的部分，使對應至預設數量的串列中的每一個的第一個光電電池與最後一個光電電池的外部電性連接。這樣的配置允許具有旁路二極體功能的光電模組容易整合與製造，而不需要任何另外的接線或電路。
本發明的上述或其他目的、特徵及優點可藉由下方詳細的描述並結合所附圖示，將被更清楚地了解，其中：
1‧‧‧光電模組
2‧‧‧內連接
3‧‧‧串列
4‧‧‧跳線盒
5‧‧‧旁路二極體連接
6‧‧‧旁路二極體導線
7‧‧‧連接點
8‧‧‧連接點
f‧‧‧陣列
i,j‧‧‧光電電池
下文中將參看圖式基於許多例示性實施例更詳細地解釋本發 明。
圖1顯示根據先前技術一實施例的具有多串列的光電面板的示意圖。
圖2a與圖2b顯示根據本發明的一實施例的經排列具多串列的光電面板的示意圖。
圖3至圖9顯示根據本發明的多個實施例的具多串列的光電面板的示意圖。
若兩個電池在具有多個光電電池的光電模組中是相鄰且兩個電池具有在太陽能電池的背側上的接點與沿著這些電池的鄰近的邊緣被定位的部分的接點，接著在所述電池之間幾乎沒有任何將銅帶(Cu-strip)延伸朝向跳線盒的空間。在兩鄰近的電池的接點之間的所述空間是幾乎沒有的。更為了製造帶，需要1mm的隔離刻劃(isolation scribes)，所述帶也會“吃掉(eat)”在所述接點之間的導電材料。這樣的方式接著會導致非常小的帶，所述帶應能夠承載9A的電流且會因此導致高功率消耗，所述非常小的帶會對設備有害且在遮光條件下具有模組操作的逆向效果。
圖1顯示光電電池i,j的6×10陣列的典型內連接佈局，所述內連接佈局具有安裝至面板的背側且接觸背側連接層(片材或基材)的跳線盒4。在背側連接層中，相鄰光電電池i,j的連接點使用連接層的連接部分以串聯連接，在圖1中簡化圖式的所述連接 層的所述連接部分標示為將6×10陣列的多行連接的多條直線。光電電池i,j的串列(在此例子中為三串)連接至使用內連接2的跳線盒4。
根據本發明的實施例，藉由重新排列電池的串聯連接的拓樸(topology)，旁路二極體用的接點可以不用銅帶、隔離刻劃或在模組的主動區域外側的銅十字導線，直接由跳線盒存取。一般來說，提供背側連接層，其中將串聯連接的光電電池i,j劃分出預設數量(三串或更多串)的串列3，且旁路二極體並聯預設數量的串列3中的每一個。對應至所述多個光電電池i,j的接點提供在經定位的背側連接層上，以在背側連接層與光電電池i,j的2×2陣列的一部分重疊的部分中提供可直接存取的(或外部的)對應至預設數量的串列3中的每一個的第一個光電電池與最後一個光電電池的電性連接。
在圖2a的實施例中，當跳線盒4沿著6×10陣列的光電電池i,j取得了指標i與指標j時，跳線盒4被定位在4個電池上，亦即，電池(2,5)、電池(2,6)、電池(3,5)與電池(3,6)。全部60個電池串聯連接成三串串列3，如圖2a中標示串列3。所述結構可使各條串列3包括20個光電電池i,j。
一般而言，背側連接層的部分與光電電池i,j的2×2陣列的四個相鄰角落重疊。在連接層佈局適當對位的情況下，所需的重疊例如是，光電電池i,j的2×2陣列的每個電池中僅有四分之一的表面，或甚至更少。
在一實施例中的背側連接層更包括在光電電池i,j的2×2陣列的部分內的多個跳線盒連接與多個旁路二極體連接5，在另一實施例中，所述背側連接層允許跳線盒導線(進一步朝向光電模組1或朝向逆變器(inverter)/轉換器(converter))與旁路二極體的連接。旁路二極體允許光電模組1對於局部遮光較不敏感。
在又另一實施例中，背側連接層包括並聯至預設數量的串列3中的每一個的旁路二極體。旁路二極體甚至可併入至背側連接層或是與背側連接層整合在一起(允許將旁路二極體包括在光電模組1封裝內)。
在圖2b中，顯示另一排列，其中串聯連接的光電電池i,j的串列3預設數量是三串。跳線盒4以相似於圖2a的實施例的方式定位，然而，此刻每串串列的光電電池i,j的數量是不同的且每串串列的光電電池i,j的數量(18-18-24)是不均等的，相比於圖2a的實施例中的每串串列具有平均分割出來的20個電池。
現今本發明實施例主要使用光電電池i,j的6×10陣列與6×12陣列的結構。
本發明實施例的其他變化如圖3示(跳線盒4位於光電電池(3,1)；光電電池(4,1)；光電電池(3,2)；光電電池(4,2)；三串不均等的串列(22-17-21))；如圖4示(跳線盒4位於光電電池(3,5)；光電電池(4,5)；光電電池(3,6)；光電電池(4,6)；三串不均等的串列(20-21-19))；如圖5示(跳線盒4位於光電電池(1,5)；光電電池(2,5)；光電電池(1,6)；光電電池(2,6)；三串均等的串列 (20-20-20))；以及如圖6示(跳線盒4位於光電電池(3,3)；光電電池(4,3)；光電電池(3,4)；光電電池(4,4)；三串均等的串列(20-20-20))。
在另外實施例中，串列的數量是四串，且允許較小串列的使用，且在犧牲了一附加的旁路二極體的情況下能夠具有較佳的遮光性能。
為了顧及超過三串串列，往往需要應用額外傳導路由(routing)以連接需要的旁路二極體，一般是在光電電池i,j的2×2陣列的外側設置跳線盒4。為此目的，背側連接層更包括一或多個作為背側連接層的一部分的旁路二極體導線6。在圖7中顯示此結構的例示性實施例。跳線盒4位在光電模組1的中間，亦即，在光電電池(3,5)；光電電池(4,5)；光電電池(3,6)；光電電池(4,6)處。另外的旁路二極體導線6被設置在背側連接層內且向上與向下延伸至連接點7。串列3具有接近連接點7的另外的連接點8(亦即，在光電電池(3,1)與光電電池(4,1)之間，以及在光電電池(3,10)與光電電池(4,10)之間)，所述連接點8允許旁路二極體用於旁路光電模組1的第一個串列與最後一個串列的連接。其餘的旁路二集體可使用跳線盒4上的旁路二極體連接5來連接。
圖8顯示圖7的實施例的另一種可替換的排列，其中旁路二極體導線6水平延伸至連接點7，亦即，分別在電池(1,5)及電池(1,6)及電池(6,5)及電池(6,6)的內連接處由接近另外的連接點8的跳線盒4處開始。圖9顯示具有更短長度的旁路二極體導線6 的實施例，亦即，分別在電池(3,5)及電池(4,5)及電池(3,8)及電池(4,8)的內連接處由接近另外的連接點8的跳線盒4處開始。需注意的是，在圖9的實施例中的串列3的蜿蜒圖案(meandering pattern)還可鏡射(mirrored)(亦即，將指向內的蜿蜒似的鋸齒代替指向外的蜿蜒似的鋸齒)。
旁路二極體導線6可以是連接背側連接層內的圖案的簡單直線。然而，在另一實施例中，旁路二極體連接導線6沿著具有環繞在兩相鄰光電電池i,j的多個背側接點的外側接點上的蜿蜒圖案的兩相鄰光電電池i,j的邊緣方向形成在背側連接層內。特別是在提供光電模組1作為以金屬箔片為基底的模組以致能背接觸電池的例子中，包括金屬穿透式(metal wrap through,MWT)電池、射極穿透式(emitter wrap through,EWT)電池以及交指型背接觸(interdigitated back contact,IBC)電池，其中旁路二集體連接完全地整合在跳線盒內，因為上述例子允許使用具有更大寬度的旁路二極體導線6且因此可以非常有利於電流承載能力(current carrying capacity)。
基於上述，根據描述實施例的其中之一，提供具有背側連接層的光電模組。換句話說，提供一種具有通過像PCB(銅)箔片(背側連接層)串聯連接的背接觸太陽能電池的光電模組的結構。光電電池i,j的架構/拓樸使得包括以串聯連接的第一個電池與最後一個電池的四個光電電池i,j在單一角落點上碰上。在此角落的四個光電電池i,j形成電池的三串串列3。跳線盒4放置於模組的外 側。背片材中的開口允許將跳線盒端子(包括旁路二極體)直接地連接至對應銅箔片材與三串串列是經旁路二極體保護。對於重新排列電池的串聯內連接的拓樸的許多變化例是可能的，使所有經接觸的電池位在相同角落，如所例示上述描述與描述於圖2至圖9中的實施例。
上文已參考如圖式中展示的許多例示性實施例描述本發明實施例。一些零件或元件之修改及替代實施是可能的，且包含於如隨附申請專利範圍中界定的保護範疇中。

Claims (11)

  1. 一種用於光電模組的背側連接層，包括多個光電電池，所述多個光電電池為具有一或多個背側接點的形式，其中所述多個光電電池中串聯連接的所述光電電池被劃分為預設數量的串列，且旁路二極體可並聯至所述預設數量的串列中的每一個，其中所述預設數量的串列為三串或更多串，且對應所述多個光電電池的接點被提供在經定位的所述背側連接層上，以在所述背側連接層與所述光電電池的2×2陣列的一部分重疊的部分中提供可直接存取的對應至每一個所述預設數量的串列中的第一個所述光電電池與最後一個所述光電電池的電性連接。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的背側連接層，其中所述背側連接層的所述部分與所述光電電池的2×2陣列的四個鄰近角落區域重疊。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項或第2項所述的背側連接層，其中所述背側連接層更包括在所述光電電池的2×2陣列的所述部分中的多個跳線盒連接與多個旁路二極體連接。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的背側連接層，其中所述背側連接層包括所述旁路二極體，並聯至所述預設數量的串列中的每一個。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的背側連接層，其中所述預設數量的串列是三串。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的背側連接層，其中所述背側連接層被安排以連接所述光電電池的6×12陣列。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的背側連接層，其中所述背側連接層被安排以連接所述光電電池的6×10陣列。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的背側連接層，其中所述預設數量的串列是四串。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的背側連接層，更包括可作為所述背側連接層的一部分的一或多個旁路二極體導線。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的背側連接層，其中旁路二極體連接路徑沿著具有蜿蜒圖案的兩相鄰的所述光電電池的邊緣方向形成在所述背側連接層內，所述蜿蜒圖案環繞兩相鄰的所述光電電池的所述多個背側接點的外側接點。
  11. 一種光電模組，包括多個光電電池與根據申請專利範圍第1項至第10項中之任一項所述的背側連接層。
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