TWI656270B - Door structure of the shelter - Google Patents

Abstract

A door structure of a shelter is used to improve the safety of a door of a shelter during a disaster; the door structure includes a body having a curved surface forming an opening, a first door frame provided at the opening, and a sliding door provided along the curved surface The inner door, the door accommodating portion accommodating the inner door 3, the telescopic rod fixed from the inner side in a state in which the inner door is closed, the outer door which is slidably disposed outside the inner door 3, and the surface direction of the first door frame The second door frame is at a predetermined angle (here, 90°), and the second door frame is a structure that restricts the support of the outer cymbal in a state where the outer door is opened.

Description

 Door structure of the shelter  

The present invention relates to a door structure for a shelter, which is a door structure that can be used as a shelter for a living space.

Since the Great East Japan Earthquake occurred on March 11, 2011 (2011), earthquakes have occurred frequently in various places. Many experts believe that the Japanese archipelago has entered the period of the earthquake. Experts also predict that in the near future, a huge earthquake will occur in the South China Sea Trench. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate countermeasures for life-saving at the time of disaster.

The damage caused by the earthquake, such as the collapse of buildings, was caused by the earthquake itself. However, the Great East Japan Earthquake, for example, was caused by earthquakes, tsunamis, and tsunami fires caused by the earthquake.

When a tsunami is predicted to occur, the autonomous community will recommend taking refuge in a pre-specified high facility. However, the time from the earthquake to the tsunami is very short. For example, it is predicted that there will be three earthquakes in the East China Sea, the Southeast China Sea and the South China Sea. In some areas, even 30 minutes after the earthquake, there will be a 30m high tsunami. It is extremely difficult to take refuge in a high-rise facility in such a short period of time. Therefore, people living near the coast have no time to take refuge, and they are in danger of being swallowed up by the tsunami. Despite this, the current situation is that there are almost no shelters near the coast.

In order to provide a measure for life-saving in the event of a disaster such as the above-mentioned earthquake, the refuge proposed by the present invention can be used as a living space in normal times and as a refuge in an earthquake.

The refuge house disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a refuge in a living space. In daily life, shelters can be effectively used, and at the same time, when a disaster strikes, occupants do not need to step outside the door to quickly evacuate in the event of a disaster.

The refuge disclosed in Patent Document 2 is a public facility such as a public hall or a library, and when it is hit by a tsunami, it is a floating multi-person emergency refuge that can be easily floated and can secure an evacuation place.

The door disclosed in the patent document 3 is a personal residence that can be used in a normal life, and when the tsunami strikes, it can be used as a tsunami countermeasure for a shelter for people to evacuate. Specifically, it is a sliding door type that seals the wall surface around the opening by a door pressing mechanism.

[Patent Document 1] JP-A-2016-75077

[Patent Document 2] JP-A-2015-20603

[Patent Document 3] JP-A-2013-15796

In order to solve the above problem, Patent Document 1 does not disclose a specific structure of the door structure. In the invention disclosed in Patent Document 2, the inlet to the outside is a double structure of a watertight door and an airtight door, and the use state of the watertight door is a normally open state. Watertight doors have weight and require a lot of effort when switching. In the above-mentioned use form, when the earthquake comes, the hinge of the watertight door with weight may be damaged, and the function of the watertight door cannot be exerted. In the door structure disclosed in Patent Document 3, the mechanism is quite complicated and the cost cannot be reduced.

An object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive shelter, which is easy to use in normal times and has high safety during an earthquake.

In order to solve the above problems, the first invention is a door structure of a shelter, and includes a main body having a curved surface forming an opening, a first door frame provided in the opening, and a sliding door inner door provided along the curved surface. A door accommodating portion for accommodating an inner door, a telescopic rod that can be fixed from the inside in a state in which the inner door is closed, and an outer door that can be retracted or opened on the outside of the inner door.

With this configuration, the door structure of the refuge is a double structure of the inner door and the outer door which is retractable or switchable outside the inner door, so that the two doors are easier to switch than the door constructed by one door. In addition, since the sliding door type inner door provided along the curved surface and the door accommodating portion for accommodating the inner door are provided, in the state in which the inner door is normally housed in the door accommodating portion, only the outer door can be opened and closed, and the door can be easily accessed. External space and body.

Further, according to this configuration, since the telescopic rod is provided, the inner door can be fixed by being pressed by the inner side in a state where the inner door is closed. Therefore, the inner door can be strongly and firmly locked to the opening when a disaster such as a tsunami occurs.

The invention of claim 2 is characterized in that in the door structure of the shelter according to item 1, the inner door and/or the outer door have a surface and a back plate, and are connected to the longitudinal direction between the surface and the inner plate. The internal structure of the C-shaped steel or hollow tube type.

According to this configuration, the inner door and/or the outer door have a front and a back plate, and between the front and the inner plate, the C-shaped steel or the hollow pipe disposed in the longitudinal direction is continuously provided in a ring shape. The structure is such that a high strength door can be provided at low cost. In addition, since the inside constitutes an air layer, it has a heat insulating effect.

According to a third aspect of the invention, in the door structure of the refuge according to the first or second aspect, the second door frame includes a predetermined angle with respect to a surface direction of the first door frame, and the second door frame The door frame restricts the support of the outer door when the outer door is opened.

According to this configuration, the second door frame has a second door frame that forms a predetermined angle with the surface direction of the first door frame, and the second door frame restricts the movement of the outer door when the outer door is opened. Therefore, only the inner door is normally closed. , you can easily enter and exit the external space and the body. Further, in the state in which the inner door is housed in the door accommodating portion, it is possible to easily enter and exit the external space and the body without opening and closing the inner door and the outer door.

In addition, even if an earthquake occurs unexpectedly in the state where the outer door is supported by the outer door, the earthquake force of the outer door can be received by the entire second door frame, thereby preventing the weak point of the outer door structure, that is, the connection portion with the door frame. Breakage (for example, hinge).

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, in the door structure of the refuge according to any one of the first to third aspect, the inner door is a suspension door structure sliding door that can slide on the first rail, the first The track is laid on the first recess formed below the inner door.

According to this configuration, the inner door is a suspension door structure sliding door that can slide on the first rail, and the first rail is the first recess formed in the lower side of the inner door. Therefore, during the earthquake, the first recess can be restricted. The door is deformed and prevents the inner door from escaping from the first track.

According to a fifth aspect of the invention, in the door structure of the refuge according to any one of the second or fourth aspect, the outer door is a suspension door structure provided along a curved surface that can slide on the second rail. The sliding door, the second track is laid on the second recess formed under the outer door.

According to this configuration, the outer door is a sliding door structure provided along a curved surface that can slide on the second rail, and the second rail is housed in the second recess formed below the outer door, so that during an earthquake, The second recess can limit the deformation of the outer door and prevent the outer door from escaping from the second track.

According to a sixth aspect of the invention, in the door structure of the refuge according to the first to fifth aspects, the inside of the first door frame facing the inner door panel is provided with a ring along the outer peripheral portion. Shaped sealing material.

According to this configuration, since the first door frame surface that faces the door on the inner door side is provided, and the outer peripheral portion is provided with an annular sealing material, when the inner door is pressed against the opening by the telescopic rod, The inside of the body is sealed by the sealing material, and water, toxic gas, and the like do not flow from the outside.

1, 201‧‧‧ door structure

13a, 13b‧‧‧Metal parts

2, 202‧‧‧ ontology

2a‧‧‧Surface

3, 203‧‧ ‧ inner door

4, 204, 271‧‧ ‧ Door Housing Department

5‧‧‧1st door frame

6, 206‧‧‧ telescopic rod

61‧‧‧rod

62‧‧‧ Lifting device

7,207‧‧‧External door

7a‧‧‧Hinges

8‧‧‧2nd door frame

8a‧‧‧Lock recess

9, 209‧‧‧1 track

9a‧‧‧ iron ball

30, 230‧‧‧Table

31, 231‧‧‧ boards

32,232‧‧‧C steel

33‧‧‧ glass wool board

34‧‧‧ steel wire

35‧‧‧Washers

70‧‧‧Lock metal parts

70a‧‧‧Axis

70b, 70c‧‧‧ Rotating Department

90‧‧‧Overhanging track

90a‧‧‧ Wheels

93‧‧‧Track support device

95‧‧‧ hook

103‧‧‧ openings

104‧‧‧Spiral staircase

105, 205‧‧‧ central axis

106, 206‧‧‧Stair corner

107‧‧‧floor

108‧‧‧ Groove (1st recess)

108a‧‧‧Ground metal parts

238‧‧‧ wedges

259‧‧‧2nd track

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional plan view showing a refuge to which a refuge door structure of the present embodiment 1 is attached.

[Fig. 2] In the same manner as above, the front view of the outer door is restricted by the second door frame.

Fig. 3 is a side view showing the outer door being restrained by the second door frame.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line B-B.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the inner door side of the refuge door structure according to the first embodiment.

Fig. 7 is a partial plan view showing the attachment of the telescopic rod to the inner door.

Fig. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state in which a metal part of a lock is attached to an outer door.

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional plan view showing a refuge to which the refuge door structure of the present embodiment 2 is attached.

Fig. 10 is a perspective view showing the inside from the outer door as seen from the same.

Hereinafter, a door structure 1 (hereinafter referred to as a door structure 1) of a guard in the first embodiment will be described with reference to Figs. 1 to 7 . The door structure 1 includes a main body 2 having a curved surface 2a forming an opening 103, a door type inner door 3 formed along the curved surface 2a, and a door accommodating portion 4 accommodating the inner door 3, and the inner door 3 is closed. The telescopic rod 6 pressed from the inside is an outer door 7 that can be opened outside the inner door, and a second door frame 8 that forms a predetermined angle (here, 90°) with the door direction of the first door frame 5.

The main body 2 is a cylindrical structure provided in the living space. As shown in FIG. 1, the center shaft 105 is provided inside, and includes a spiral staircase 104, a stair corner 106, and a ladder column disposed at the center. One end of the spiral staircase 104 and the stair corner 106 is fixed to the center shaft 105, and the other end is fixed to the wall surface of the body 2. An opening (not shown) and an opening (not shown) are attached to a patio dome (not shown) provided at an upper end portion of the main body 2. The body 2 is made of sturdy reinforced concrete and is machined through the surface to provide high water resistance and fire resistance.

The opening 103 for accessing the living space and the inside of the body 2 is provided in the body 2. The lower end of the opening portion 103 is located at the same height as the floor 107 and the stair corner 106.

The inner door 3 is a sliding door for opening and closing the opening portion 103 and having a suspended door structure having a shape along the curved surface 2a. The curved surface 2a here is a circular shape of the wall surface of the body 2. The inner door 3 is disposed such that the front plate 30 of the curved panel (for example, the plate thickness is 3 mm) and the inner plate 31 (for example, the plate thickness is 9 mm) are disposed at a fixed distance, and a plurality of C-shaped steel materials 32 are continuously disposed in the gap (for example, the plate thickness is 3mm). The C-shaped steel material 32 can also be replaced by a hollow tube. The hollow pipe here is a steel pipe, and specifically refers to a single pipe, a steel pipe for construction, and a corner pipe. Further, a wedge is provided between the C-shaped steel materials 32 to further increase the strength.

A glass wool sheet 33 is provided outside the front panel 30. On the outside of the glass wool board, the steel wire 34 for fixing is set as a cross, and the steel wire is made of metal, for example, made of stainless steel. In this way, the heat insulation effect of the inner door can be improved, and the temperature rise in the body 2 can be suppressed in the event of a fire. (Refer to Figure 6)

As shown in FIG. 4, the rail supporting device 93 is fixed to the wall surface above the inner door 3. A pair of suspension rails 90, 90 (hereinafter referred to as "suspended rails 90") are disposed inside the rail support device 93, and below the inner door 3, the first rails 9 are disposed along the curved surface 2a, and a pair of rollers 90a, 90a (hereinafter referred to as rollers 90a) ), sliding on the hanging rail 90, and the iron ball 9a slides on the first rail 9.

The rail supporting device 93 has a rectangular tubular structure in a cross-sectional view, and a slit is formed in a central portion of the bottom portion, and a plurality of hooks 95 are inserted into the rail supporting device 93 while passing through the slit.

The T-shaped hook 95 is for hanging the inner door 3, and the roller 90a is attached to the front end portion in a rotatable state. While the plurality of rollers 90a are slid on the suspension rail 90, a plurality of iron balls 9a are slid on the first rail 9, so that the inner door 3 smoothly moves along the curved surface. The inner door 3 is supported by the suspension rail 90 and the first rail 9 via a plurality of rotating bodies, so that the seismic force generated by the inner door 3 is dispersed and the escape from the rail can be avoided.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the grooved metal part 108a having a U-shaped cross section is disposed below the inner door 3 along the wall surface of the body 2. The groove 108 (first recess) means a recess formed by the grooved metal part 108a for restricting the inner door 3 from moving in the out-of-plane direction due to the seismic force. The first track 9, is laid from the corner of the stair 106 at the bottom of the groove 108 at a predetermined depth (illustrated as 20 cm). Since the inner door 3 is in a state of being suspended from the hook 95, it is a structure that is easily deflected in the out-of-plane direction. When the facade of the inner door 3 is deformed in the out-of-plane direction due to the seismic force, the inner door 3 contacts the wall surface of the groove 108. In this way, the inner door 3 can be restricted from being deformed in the out-of-plane direction.

The first rail 9 is rotated by a plurality of iron balls 9a provided at the lower portion of the inner door 3, and the inner door 3 is smoothly slid and laid on the bottom surface of the groove 108. As described above, in the earthquake, the deformation of the inner door 3 is restricted by the groove 108, so that the iron ball 9a can be prevented from escaping from the first track.

Further, the recess formed by the groove 108 is preferably first plugged with a removable plate. In this way, the interior of the main body 2 and the living space can be safely transported without hindering the walking. In the earthquake, the inner door 3 can be closed by removing the board.

The door accommodating portion 4 is housed in a state in which the support inner door 3 is restricted, and is provided inside the main body 2 along the curved surface 2a as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 . In the normal state, the inner door 3 is housed in a state restricted by the door accommodating portion 4, so that the inner door 3 can be easily accessed to the inside and the outside of the body 2 without opening and closing the inner door 3. Further, at the time of an earthquake, when the inner door 3 is deformed in the out-of-plane direction due to the earthquake force, the door of the inner door 3 almost entirely contacts the door accommodating portion 4. In this way, the stress generated by the inner door 3 is shared by the door accommodating portion 4. As a result, not only the damage of the inner door 3 but also the escape from the first track can be avoided. That is to say, the door accommodating portion 4 can improve the safety by restricting the deformation of the inner door 3 during an earthquake.

The first door frame 5 is a skeleton structure in which the outer door shape of the opening portion 103 is formed by fixing the two doors when the inner door 3 and the outer door 7 are closed. In this way, it is possible to form the opening portion 103 which is hard to be deformed and strong in the face of the seismic force. The lower end portion of the first door frame 5 is located below the floor 107. That is to say, the U-shaped skeleton portion located above the floor 107 is in a state of being recognizable. Further, the washer 35 (sealing material) is a first door frame surface on the inner side of the main body 2, and has an annular double structure along the outer peripheral portion.

Below the stair corner (not shown) of the upper floor, the telescopic rod 6 is suspended to allow the inner door 3 to closely fit the first door frame 5. The wire (not shown) for hanging the telescopic rod 6 is used, and the telescopic rod 6 can be raised and lowered in conjunction with a rotating tool (not shown) for winding the wire. The telescopic rod 6 has a rod body 61, a lifting device 62, and stressed metal parts 13a, b. The stressed metal part 13a is attached to one end of the rod 61, and the stressed metal part 13b is attached to the other end of the rod 61 via the lifting device 62. The force-receiving metal part 13a has a shape that closely fits the cylindrical center axis 105, and the force-receiving metal part 13b has a shape that closely fits the inner door 3.

The use of the telescopic rod 6 will be described below. In the normal time, the telescopic rod is suspended below the corner of the upper staircase. After the earthquake occurs, the outer door 7 and the inner door 3 are closed to evacuate the inside of the body 2. The telescopic rod 6 is lowered, and the stressed metal part 13a is closely attached to the center shaft 105, and the lifting device 62 is rotated to press the force receiving metal part 13b to the inner door 3. In this way, since the inner door 3 is closely attached to the first door frame 5 via the gasket 35, the inside of the main body 2 is highly airtight, and seawater or poison gas from the tsunami and tsunami fire does not flow into the inside. The door constructed by the sliding door is easier to switch than the switch type door, and the load-bearing performance of the earthquake-bearing load is quite excellent, but the relative sealing performance is poor. However, as in the present embodiment 1, the inner door 3 is designed as a sliding door having a suspension door structure, and the telescopic rod 6 is pushed from the inside to improve the sealing performance.

Further, in the present embodiment, only one telescopic rod 6 is provided, but a plurality of the telescopic rods 6 may be provided. Further, the force-receiving metal part 13b is preferably as long as the circumferential direction of the curved surface 2a, so that the inner door 3 can be uniformly pressed by the first door frame 5.

As shown in FIG. 1, the outer door 7 is fixed to the first door frame 5 via a hinge 7a so as to be reversible in the direction of the arrow V1. As shown in FIG. 3, in the open state, the outer door 7 rotates the lock metal part 70 in the direction of the arrow V2 to be supported by the second door frame 8. As a result, in the earthquake, the seismic force acting on the external door 7 is not only received by the hinge 7a, but also distributed to the hinge 7a, the lock metal part 70, and the second door frame 8, respectively. As a result, the structural weakness, that is, the damage of the hinge 7a can be avoided.

The lock metal member 70 is for restraining the outer door 7 from being supported by the first door frame 5 or the second door frame 8, and as shown in FIG. 8, the shaft fixed in a reversible manner in a state of being protruded at both end portions The portion 70a is constituted by the rotating portions 70b and c extending perpendicularly from both ends of the shaft portion 70a, and the rotating portion 70d extending downward from the rotating portion 70b. In a state where the outer door 7 is opened, the rotating portions 70b and d are rotated in the direction of the arrow V2, and the rotating portion 70c is fitted into the lock recess 8a formed by the second door frame 8. In this way, the outer door 7 is supported by the second door frame 8. Similarly, in the state of the earthquake, the rotating portion 70b or 70d is rotated from the inner side of the body 2 in a state where the outer door 7 is closed, so that the outer door 7 is restrictedly supported by the first door frame 5. Further, in the present embodiment, the outer door 7 is restrained and supported by the first or second door frame by one metal lock member, but the support may be restricted by the plurality of lock metal members 70. In this way, the seismic force acting on the outer door 7 can be more dispersed. Here, although the outer door 7 is restricted and supported by the first door frame 5 or the second door frame 8 by using the lock metal member 70, the present invention is not limited thereto, and a metal member having a cam lock structure may be used.

The outer door 7 has a rectangular shape of a flat plate, and its structure is almost the same as that of the inner door 3, and thus the description thereof will be omitted. Further, it is preferable that the outer door 7 is larger than the inner size of the first door frame 5. In this way, the fire resistance can be improved.

The second door frame 8 has a rectangular skeleton structure and is disposed perpendicular to the first door frame 5 and disposed outside the main body 2. The lower end portion of the second door frame 8 is located below the floor 107. That is, it is formed that only the U-shaped skeleton portion located above the floor 107 is in a state of being recognizable. At a predetermined height (illustrated as 200 cm) from the floor 107, a predetermined depth (illustrated as 10 cm) from the floor 107 is arranged at a predetermined angle (for example, a right angle).

The inner door 3 and the outer door 7 can be used in an open state at ordinary times. This is because the possibility of damage due to seismic force is low. In this way, the door can be freely moved to and from the living space and the interior of the body 2 having the stairs without opening and closing the door.

Next, the refuge door structure 201 of the present embodiment 2 (hereinafter referred to as the door structure 201) will be described with reference to Figs. 9 and 10 . This embodiment 2 is basically the same as the embodiment 1, so the part number starts with 200, and the illustration and description are used to explain the difference between the two.

As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that the outer door 207 of the main body 202 is a curved door. The outer door 207 has the same configuration as the inner door 3. Specifically, a watch plate 230 (illustrated as a plate thickness of 3 mm) and a back plate 231 (illustrated as a plate thickness of 9 mm) forming a curved panel are disposed at predetermined intervals, and a plurality of C-shaped steel materials 232 are continuously disposed in the gap of the plate (illustrated as Plate thickness 3mm). A wedge 238 is provided between the C-shaped steel materials 232 to further increase the strength.

Corresponding to the inner door 203 and the outer door 207, the door accommodating portion 204 having the same structure as the door accommodating portion 4 of the first embodiment is provided in a double arrangement with the door accommodating portion 271 provided on the outer side of the door accommodating portion 204. The first rail 209 having the same structure as the first rail 9 of the first embodiment is provided in a double arrangement with the second rail 259 provided on the outer side of the first rail 209.

The first rail 209 and the second rail 259 are laid on the bottom surface of the groove (the second recess, not shown) which is the same as the groove 108 of the first embodiment.

The inner door 203 and the outer door 207 can be normally used in an open state because the possibility of damage due to seismic force is low. In this way, the door 202 can be freely moved to and from the living space and the body 202 having the stairs without opening and closing the door. Further, in the same manner as in the first embodiment, it is preferable to first use a detachable plate to close the recess.

The telescopic rod 206 is appropriately elongated corresponding to the tsunami wave pressure, and is disposed between the inner wall of the inner door 203, the center shaft 205, or the center shaft 205, and is disposed between the inner wall of the body 202. An emergency evacuation port 291 is provided in the inner door 203 and the outer door 207 to attach and detach the cover.

The present invention is a door structure of a shelter installed in a living space, and can be used at low cost and freely, and has high safety and considerable industrial utilization possibilities.

Claims (7)

A door structure of a shelter, comprising: a body having a curved surface forming an opening; a first door frame provided at the opening; a sliding door inner door provided along the curved surface; and a door housing for housing the inner door a telescopic rod that can be fixed from the inside in a state in which the inner door is closed; and an outer door that can be retracted or opened on the outside of the inner door. The door structure of the refuge according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the inner door or the outer door has a front plate and a inner plate, and the type C and the inner plate are connected in a vertical configuration. Internal construction of steel or hollow tubes. The door structure of the refuge according to the first aspect of the invention, further comprising: a second door frame having a predetermined angular direction with respect to a surface direction of the first door frame, wherein the second door frame is at the outer door In the open state, the outer door is supported to be supported. The door structure of the refuge according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the inner door is a suspension door structure sliding door that is slidable on the first rail, and the first rail is laid under the inner door The first recess formed. The door structure of the refuge according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the outer door is a suspension door structure sliding door provided on the curved surface that is slidable along the second rail, and the second rail is laid on the outer rail. The second recess formed under the door. The door structure of the refuge according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the first door frame facing the front panel of the inner door has a sealing material that is annularly provided along the outer peripheral portion. The door structure of the refuge according to claim 1, wherein the inner door and the outer door have a front plate and a inner plate, and the front plate and the inner plate are connected with a C type arranged in a longitudinal direction. Internal construction of steel or hollow tubes.