JP7521857B1 - Shelter elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

[Problem] To provide an elevator for a shelter that allows elderly people and people with disabilities to evacuate quickly to the shelter without putting a physical strain on them. [Solution] The elevator for a shelter (1) is installed in a room (100a) of a shelter (100). The elevator (1) has a guide column (20), a lifting section (10), and a connection wire device (30). The lifting section (10) is provided with a seat section (11) and is slidably attached to the guide column (20) that extends in a lifting direction (D1). The connection wire device (30) has a connection wire (31) and an adjustment section (32) that can wind and unwind the connection wire (31). The adjustment section (32) is attached to a base (13) located at the lower end of the lifting section (10), and an end of the connection wire (31) is connected to a door body (150). As the door body (150) rotates, the lifting section (10) rises and falls in the lifting direction (D1). The seat 11 rises and falls in a rising and falling direction D1 as the second power cylinder 16 (seat lifting device) expands and contracts the piston portion 16a.

Description

The present invention relates to an elevator for a shelter that rises and falls with the opening and closing of a single-leaf door.

In the Great East Japan Earthquake, many lives were taken by a massive tsunami. One of the most effective disaster prevention measures to protect oneself from such a massive tsunami is to quickly evacuate to higher ground before the tsunami hits. However, if a triple earthquake occurs in the Tokai, Tonankai, and Nankai regions, it is predicted that there will be areas where a 30m-high tsunami will hit just five minutes after the earthquake. Evacuating to higher ground in such a short time is extremely difficult for small children, the elderly, and people with disabilities. Even if they were to take refuge in an evacuation building, the current situation is that even climbing tall stairs is difficult.

As a countermeasure when damage from a tsunami or tsunami fires is predicted, it is possible to evacuate to an underground or semi-underground shelter set up close to one's home, such as in one's own garden. By evacuating to an underground or semi-underground shelter as soon as an earthquake occurs and escaping after the tsunami has passed, people can be protected from tsunami disasters.

Patent No. 6987421

However, doors for underground and semi-underground shelters need to be robust, as they must be able to withstand the force of a tsunami and the impact of drifting debris. This inevitably limits the size of the doors, and when evacuating to an underground shelter, people need to pass through a narrow space. This can be extremely difficult for elderly people and those with mobility issues.

The present invention was made with an eye on these problems, and aims to provide a shelter elevator that allows elderly people and people with mobility issues to evacuate quickly to a shelter without putting a physical strain on them.

The invention to solve the above problem is a shelter elevator that is installed inside a shelter having a floor, side walls, a ceiling, and a door body that opens and closes an opening in the ceiling, and is equipped with a lifting section where a seat is provided, a guide column that extends along the lifting direction, and a connection wire device that connects the lifting section and the door body, and is characterized in that the lifting section is slidably attached to the guide column, and rises in the lifting direction in sync with the door body opening the opening, and falls in the lifting direction in sync with the door body closing the opening.

With this configuration, the lifting section on which the seat is provided rises in the lifting direction in sync with the door body opening the opening, and also falls in the lifting direction in sync with the door body closing the opening. Therefore, under certain conditions, it is possible to create a state in which a person can sit on the lifting section at the same time that the door body opens the opening, and it is also possible to create a state in which the lifting section is placed on the floor at the same time that the door body closes the opening.

Preferably, the door is a single-opening type, and when the door rotates from the floor toward the ceiling from a state in which the opening is closed, the opening is opened and the lifting section rises in the lifting direction in a synchronized manner, and when the door rotates from the ceiling toward the floor from a state in which the opening is open, the opening is closed and the lifting section descends in a synchronized manner in the lifting direction.

With this configuration, the door is a single-wing type, so the opening can be closed while being nearly flush with the upper surface of the ceiling. Also, compared to other types, such as sliding doors that move in-plane on the ceiling surface, this type has better watertight performance for the opening and also allows for cost reduction.

Preferably, the wire device has a connection wire that connects to the door body and an adjustment section that can adjust the connection length of the connection wire.

With this configuration, the wire device has a connection wire that connects to the door body and an adjustment section that can adjust the connection length of the connection wire, so the lifting section can be set to a predetermined height without considering the relative positions of the door body and the lifting section.

Preferably, one end of the guide post is detachably connected to the floor and the other end is detachably connected to the ceiling.

With this configuration, one end of the guide pillar is detachably connected to the floor and the other end to the ceiling, making the guide pillar strong and less prone to deformation. In addition, by removing the guide pillar, the interior space of the shelter can be used more efficiently.

Preferably, the lifting section is characterized by having a seat lifting device that can raise and lower the seat in the lifting direction.

With this configuration, the lifting section has a seat lifting device that can raise and lower the seat in the lifting direction, so when evacuating into the shelter room, it is possible to adjust to a comfortable seating position. In particular, when evacuees transfer from the ceiling to the lifting section, they can naturally and comfortably sit in a seating position.

Preferably, the adjustment unit is characterized in that it can adjust the connection length of the connection wire in synchronization with the rise or fall of the lifting unit.

With this configuration, by adjusting the connection length of the connection wire in sync with the rise or fall of the lifting section, the seat can be positioned so that evacuees can easily sit down at the same time that the door body completes opening the opening. In addition, a position that makes it easy for evacuees to step down onto the floor can be created at the same time that the door body completes closing the opening.

1A is a front cross-sectional view of a shelter in which a shelter elevator is installed, and FIG. 1B is a side cross-sectional view of the same. FIG. 4 is a plan sectional view of a guide post and a slide ring portion. 11 is a side cross-sectional view illustrating a pivoted state of the door body. FIG. 1A is a side cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which the packing is attached, and FIG. 13A and 13B are side cross-sectional views illustrating the opening and closing of a door body and the state of a packing. 1A is a side sectional view illustrating the installation state of the lock mechanism, and FIG. 5A to 5C are cross-sectional views illustrating the operation of the locking mechanism. FIG.

Below, an embodiment of the shelter elevator 1 of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as elevator 1) will be described in detail with reference to Figures 1 to 8.

As shown in Figures 1(a) and (b), the elevator 1 is installed in the room 100a of the shelter 100. In addition to the elevator 1, a ladder 50 is also installed in the room 100a. The shelter 100 is a roughly rectangular parallelepiped housing having a floor 110, side walls 120, and a ceiling 130, and is a so-called underground shelter in which almost all of the shelter is buried underground. The type of the shelter is not limited to this, and the extent to which the shelter is buried underground is not limited, and the shelter may be a semi-underground shelter in which roughly half of the shelter is buried underground.

The floor 110, side walls 120, and ceiling 130 are made of reinforced concrete, and the structural thickness is exemplified as 30 cm. The thickness of the floor 110, side walls 120, and ceiling 130 is preferably at least 20 cm, and more preferably 50 cm or more. The structural thickness may be determined appropriately, taking into consideration the radiation shielding performance considered necessary for safe evacuation in the event of a nuclear or tsunami disaster, and the external forces applied to the shelter 100.

The ceiling 130 is provided with an opening 140, and the opening 140 is opened and closed by a single-leaf door body 150 that rotates left and right around a hinge 151 (see FIG. 1(b)). The size of the opening 140 is preferably set to a size that allows evacuation to the room 100a using the lifting unit 10 and ladder 50 at the same time. In FIG. 1(a), a person evacuating using the ladder 50 is evacuating facing forward, and a person evacuating using the lifting unit 10 is evacuating facing to the side. It is preferable that the width in the longitudinal direction DL is wide enough to allow two people to evacuate at the same time in this state. It is also preferable that the width in the transverse direction DS is wide enough to allow both the person evacuating using the ladder 50 and the person evacuating using the lifting unit 10 to evacuate.

The door body 150 is a single-opening type, and is rotatably connected to the ceiling 130 via a hinge 151. The piston portion 41 of the power cylinder 40 is rotatably connected to the lower surface 150L of the door body 150. The main body portion 42 of the power cylinder 40 is rotatably connected to the side wall 120. When the door is opened, the power cylinder 40 is operated to extend the piston portion 41, so that the door body 150 rotates from the floor 110 to the ceiling 130 around the hinge 151. When the door is closed, the piston portion 41 is retracted and shortened, so that the door body 150 rotates from the ceiling 130 to the floor 110 around the hinge 151.

As shown in FIG. 3, the opening 140 is a rectangular hole in plan view. The end facing surface 145 facing the pivot end 155 of the door body 150 is inclined. This inclination has a gradient in which the lateral width of the opening 140 gradually narrows as it goes downward, and is intended to prevent the opposing end of the door body 150 from interfering with the end facing surface 145 when the door body 150 pivots. For this reason, the pivot end 155 is an inclined surface that can be connected to the end facing surface 145 face-to-face. The other three surfaces, excluding the end facing surface 145, are not inclined, and are flat surfaces perpendicular to the floor 110 or perpendicular to the pivot axis of the door body 150. The pivot axis is the central axis when the door body 150 pivots around the hinge 151.

One end of the ladder 50 is connected to the floor 110, and the other end is connected to the door body 150 in a state in which each end can rotate. In addition, the ladder 50 is structured so that it can expand and contract to allow the door body 150 to rotate in the opening and closing direction.

The elevator 1 has a guide column 20, a lifting section 10, and a connection wire device 30. The lifting section 10 is provided with a seat 11 on which an evacuating person can sit, and has a slide ring section 15 slidably attached to the guide column 20. The seat 11 is fixed to the base 13 via a second power cylinder 16 (seat lifting device) as a seat lifting device, and the slide ring section 15 is fixed to the end of the base 13. The seat 11 is exemplified as a saddle type on which an evacuating person can straddle, and is equipped with a handle 12 for stabilizing the seated position. The seat 11 is not limited to a saddle type, and may be a chair type on which the person can sit. The seat 11 rises and falls in the lifting direction D1 by the second power cylinder 16 expanding and contracting the piston section 16a (see FIG. 8).

The guide column 20 extends in the lifting direction D1, with one end connected and fixed to the floor 110 and the other end connected to the ceiling 130 near the opening 140 by bolts (not shown). The guide column 20 can be removed from the floor 110 and the ceiling 130 by removing the bolts.

The connection wire device 30 has a connection wire 31 and an adjustment unit 32 that can wind or unwind the connection wire 31. The adjustment unit 32 is attached to a base 13 located at the lower end of the lifting unit 10, and an end of the connection wire 31 is connected to a door body 150. In this embodiment, a winch is exemplified as the adjustment unit 32.

As shown in FIG. 2, the slide ring portion 15 and the guide column 20 are rectangular tubes, with the inner surface of the slide ring portion 15 and the outer surface of the guide column 20 in contact. In addition, in a plan view, the guide column 20 is located in the internal region of the slide ring portion 15. As a result, the slide ring portion 15 rises and falls in the lifting direction D1 along the guide column 20 while its rotation around the axis is restricted. The lifting direction D1 here refers to the vertical direction, the direction perpendicular to the floor 110, or the direction perpendicular to the ceiling 130.

As shown in Figs. 1(a), (b) and 3, the door body 150 is a single-leaf type, and is rotatably connected to the ceiling 130 via a hinge 151. The door body 150 also has an annular member 153 on its outer periphery. When the door body 150 closes the opening 140, the outer edge of the annular member 153 contacts the ceiling 130 via a packing 160. The thickness of the door body 150 is set to the same thickness as the ceiling 130, and is of a size that allows it to be inserted into the opening 140. The door body 150 is made of reinforced concrete, the same as the ceiling 130.

The hinge 151 is fitted with a stopper 152 that limits the rotation of the door body 150. When the stopper 152 comes into contact with the upper surface of the ceiling 130, the door body 150 stops rotating in the upward direction (from the floor 110 toward the ceiling 130). In addition, when the ring-shaped member 153 comes into contact with the upper surface of the ceiling 130 via the packing 160, the door body 150 stops rotating in the downward direction (from the ceiling 130 toward the floor 110).

As shown in Figures 4(a) and (b), the packing 160 has a first packing 161 and a second packing 162, and is attached to the upper surface of the ceiling 130 in a state in which it surrounds the opening 140. The first packing 161 is intended mainly to prevent the intrusion of rainwater, and is provided on the outer periphery of the second packing 162. The second packing 162 is intended mainly to prevent water from entering the room 100a when the shelter 100 is submerged due to an attack by a tsunami, etc.

The first packing 161 is a sponge silicone type, and the second packing 162 is a pressure-resistant silicone type. The rising height of the second packing 162 is set lower than that of the first packing 161. In this embodiment, the number of first packings 161 is one and the number of second packings 162 is two, but this is not limited to this.

As shown in FIG. 5(a), when the door body 150 closes the opening 140, the force of the power cylinder 40 does not act on the door body 150, and only the weight of the door body 150 is applied to the packing 160. In this state, a slight gap is generated between the second packing 162 and the annular member 153, and only the first packing 161 is in contact with the annular member 153. By creating this state, it is possible to prevent rainwater from entering. In addition, when a water level gauge installed on the ground recognizes that the surrounding water level has exceeded a certain level during a tsunami attack, the power cylinder 40 is operated to apply a force that pulls the door body 150 downward. Then, the first packing 161 is compressed and the rising height gradually decreases, so that the annular member 153 presses the second packing 162 after contacting it (see FIG. 5(b)). By creating this state, the first gasket 161 and the second gasket 162 work together to prevent water from entering the room 100a.

To keep the door body 150 in a state where the opening 140 is closed, as shown in Figs. 6(a) and (b), a locking mechanism 170 is provided at a position opposite the power cylinder 40. As shown in Figs. 7(a) to (c), when the door body 150 closes the opening 140, the locking mechanism 170 restricts the rotational displacement of the door body 150 in the opening direction by inserting a latch 171, which moves with a spring 172, into a fitting hole 173a. The latch 171 is attached to the underside of the ceiling 130, and a fitting member 173, which has a fitting hole 173a, is attached to the door body 150 in a state where it faces the latch 171.

When the door base 150 is in the state shown in FIG. 5(a), in other words, when the annular member 153 is in contact with only the first gasket 161, the locking mechanism 170 is adjusted to the state shown in FIG. 7(b), and when the door base 150 is in the state shown in FIG. 5(b), in other words, when the annular member 153 is in contact with both the first gasket 161 and the second gasket 162, the door body is adjusted to the state shown in FIG. 7(c).

The evacuation procedure to room 100a of the shelter 100 will be explained.

Before evacuees evacuate, the shelter is in the state shown in FIG. 5(a), with the door body 150 closing the opening 140. The base 13 of the lifting section 10 is placed on the floor 110. Furthermore, the annular member 153 is in contact with the first packing 161, meaning that it is in a state where it can prevent rainwater from entering the shelter room 100a.

When evacuating, the power cylinder 40 is operated to extend the piston portion 41. The operation of the power cylinder 40 is performed by remote control. As a result, the door body 150 rotates from the floor 110 toward the ceiling 130. The rotation is stopped when the stopper 152 comes into contact with the ceiling 130. At the same time, the ladder 50 extends and the lifting portion 10 rises along the lifting direction D1. After that, the adjustment portion 32 is operated to wind up the connection wire 31 to shorten the connection length. As a result, the lifting portion 10 rises further, and the rise is stopped when the slide ring portion 15 comes into contact with the underside of the ceiling 130. Furthermore, the second power cylinder 16 is operated to extend the piston portion 16a, thereby raising the seat portion 11 in the lifting direction D1. It is preferable that the seat portion 11 is at least at a height that protrudes from the upper surface of the ceiling 130.

After sitting on the seat 11 of the elevator 1, the door body 150 is rotated. When the door body 150 closes the opening 140, the door body 150 stops rotating and the lifting unit 10 stops descending. At this time, a gap is created between the base 13 and the floor 110. By operating the adjustment unit 32 to lengthen the connection length of the connection wire 31, the base 13 can be lowered and installed on the floor 110.

By placing the door body 150 in the state shown in FIG. 5(b), the first packing 161 and the second packing 162 come into contact with the annular member 153, and the gap of the opening 140 is watertightly sealed. At the same time, the locking mechanism 170 is placed in the state shown in FIG. 7(c), i.e., the door body 150 is in a locked state. This makes it possible to prevent flooding of the shelter room 100a even if the shelter 100 is placed in water at a predetermined depth. Furthermore, even if it is affected by wave force or running water, the door body 150 keeps the opening 140 closed, making it possible to prevent the opening 140 from being opened inadvertently.

This embodiment is an example, and can of course be modified without departing from the technical concept of the present invention. For example, it is preferable that the door body is housed in a housing (not shown) that allows access. By housing the door body in the housing, it is possible to prevent rainwater from entering the room 100a even if the opening 140 is left open. Furthermore, by entering the housing, it is possible to immediately use the ladder 50 and the lifting unit 10 to enter the room 100a.

By utilizing the shelter evacuation device of the present invention, people with disabilities can easily access underground shelters. This will greatly contribute to the spread of underground shelters, and has great industrial applicability.

1: Shelter elevator (elevator)
10: Lifting section 11: Seat 16: Second power cylinder (seat lifting device)
20: Guide column 30: Connection wire device 31: Connection wire 32: Adjustment unit 100: Shelter 100a: Room 110: Floor 120: Side wall 130: Ceiling 140: Opening 150: Door body D1: Lifting direction

Claims (6)

A shelter elevator to be installed in a shelter having a floor, side walls, a ceiling, and a door body for opening and closing an opening provided in the ceiling,
A lifting section in which a seat is provided;
A guide column extending along the lifting direction;
a connecting wire device that connects the lifting section and the door body,
The lifting section is slidably attached to the guide column, and rises in the lifting direction in synchronization with the door body opening the opening, and falls in the lifting direction in synchronization with the door body closing the opening ,
The connecting wire device of this invention has a connecting wire connected to the door body, and an adjustment portion capable of adjusting the connection length of the connecting wire. A shelter elevator to be installed in a shelter having a floor, side walls, a ceiling, and a door body for opening and closing an opening provided in the ceiling,
A lifting section in which a seat is provided;
A guide column extending along the lifting direction;
a connecting wire device that connects the lifting section and the door body,
The lifting section is slidably attached to the guide column, and rises in the lifting direction in synchronization with the door body opening the opening, and falls in the lifting direction in synchronization with the door body closing the opening ,
An elevator for a shelter, characterized in that one end of the guide pillar is detachably connected to the floor and the other end is detachably connected to the ceiling . A shelter elevator to be installed in a shelter having a floor, side walls, a ceiling, and a door body for opening and closing an opening provided in the ceiling,
A lifting section in which a seat is provided;
A guide column extending along the lifting direction;
a connecting wire device that connects the lifting section and the door body,
The lifting section is slidably attached to the guide column, and rises in the lifting direction in synchronization with the door body opening the opening, and falls in the lifting direction in synchronization with the door body closing the opening ,
An elevator for a shelter , wherein the lifting section has a seat lifting device that can raise and lower the seat in a lifting direction . The shelter elevator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the door body is a single- opening type, and when the door body rotates from a state in which the opening is closed toward the direction from the floor to the ceiling, the opening is opened and the lifting section rises in the lifting direction in synchronization. The shelter elevator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the door body is a single-opening type, and when the door body rotates from a state in which the opening is open toward the direction from the ceiling toward the floor, the opening is closed and the lifting section synchronously descends in the lifting direction. The elevator for a shelter as described in claim 1, characterized in that the adjustment unit can adjust the connection length of the connection wire in synchronization with the rise or fall of the lifting unit.

Images