TWI588411B - Steam processing apparatus and steam processing method - Google Patents

Description

Vapor treatment equipment and steam treatment method

The present invention relates to a steam treatment apparatus and a steam treatment method for treating steam in a plant.

In the prior art, steam generated in a boiler such as a petroleum plant is classified into high-pressure steam (vapor pressure: for example, 4.0 to 12.0 MPaG), medium-pressure steam (for example, vapor pressure of 1.0 to 2.0 MPaG), and low-pressure steam (for example, 1.0 to 2.0 MPaG). The vapor pressure is, for example, 0.01 to 0.6 MPaG), and it is known to supply these vapors to a steam use device such as a steam turbine or a steam treatment device in various production processes (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).

Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2008-202432

In such a steam treatment facility, a steam-use device such as a steam turbine will generate a large amount of low-pressure steam, and conventional vapor treatment equipment of the prior art is mostly a device for recovering the aforementioned low-pressure steam for low-pressure steam power generation, or a low-pressure steam. Equipment used in low pressure steam processes. However, the amount of low pressure vapor generated by the steam treatment equipment often exceeds the amount required for the low pressure steam process, so the recovered low pressure vapor is not effectively used. In addition, in order to use low-pressure steam, the additional purchased re-hydrogen turbine generator will increase the cost of equipment and cause low economic benefits. From this, it is understood that the conventional vapor treatment apparatus is limited in the use and use effect of the low-pressure steam, and even if the low-pressure vapor can be sufficiently recovered, it may not be effectively utilized, and there is room for improvement from the viewpoint of energy saving.

In view of the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a vapor processing apparatus and a steam processing method which can improve energy saving effects.

In order to solve the above problems, in one embodiment, a vapor processing apparatus of the present invention comprises a medium pressure steam header, a low pressure vapor header, a plurality of process units, and a low Pressure vapor compression section. The medium pressure steam header houses medium pressure steam, and the low pressure steam header houses low pressure steam, and the process units are connected to the medium pressure steam header and the low pressure steam header. The low-pressure vapor compression unit supplies the medium-pressure vapor to the medium-pressure steam header after boosting the low-pressure steam supplied from the low-pressure steam header to the medium-pressure vapor. Wherein, the low-pressure steam generated by each process unit is recovered by the low-pressure steam header, and the low-pressure vapor recovered by the low-pressure steam header is pressurized to the medium-pressure steam by the low-pressure vapor compression unit, and the medium-pressure steam header supplies the medium-pressure steam to each process. unit.

In an embodiment, the low pressure vapor compression section can include a compressor, a steam turbine, and an electric motor. The compressor is used to compress the low pressure steam provided by the low pressure steam header. The steam turbine uses the low pressure steam provided by the low pressure steam header to start the compressor. When the steam turbine starts the compressor, the electric motor replaces the steam turbine to keep the compressor running.

In an embodiment, the low pressure vapor compression section may comprise a compressor and a steam turbine. The compressor is used to compress the low pressure steam provided by the low pressure steam header, and the steam turbine utilizes the low pressure steam provided by the low pressure steam header to drive the compressor.

The low pressure vapor compression unit may include a compressor and an aeration turbine. The compressor is used to compress the low pressure steam provided by the low pressure steam header, and the aeration turbine utilizes the low pressure steam provided by the low pressure steam header and the medium pressure steam supplied by the medium pressure steam header to drive the compressor.

The low pressure vapor compression unit may include a compressor, an aeration turbine, and a motor generator. The compressor is used to compress the low-pressure steam provided by the low-pressure steam header. The aeration turbine uses the low-pressure steam provided by the low-pressure steam header and the medium-pressure steam supplied by the medium-pressure steam header to drive the compressor when the mixed-gas turbine produces more than the drive. When the excess power of the power required by the compressor is used, the electric motor uses excess power to induce power generation.

When the aeration turbine does not generate excess power, the compressor is driven by the combined power, which is the sum of the power generated by the aeration turbine and the power generated by the motor generator.

In an embodiment, the low pressure vapor compression section may comprise a compressor and a steam turbine or a co-gas turbine. The compressor is used to compress the low pressure steam provided by the low pressure steam header, the steam turbine utilizes the low pressure steam provided by the low pressure steam header to drive the compressor, and the aeration turbine utilizes the low pressure steam and medium pressure steam header provided by the low pressure steam header. The medium pressure steam is supplied to drive the compressor. Wherein, the low-pressure vapor compression unit uses a vacuum generated by a steam turbine or an aeration turbine to start the vacuum state of the compressor.

Wherein, each process unit may further comprise a heat exchanger, which uses the process fluid to heat and evaporate the water into a low pressure vapor.

Further, a steam processing apparatus of the present invention further comprises a cooling water recovery means and a heat pump. The cooling water recovery means recovers the cooling water used in each process unit, and the heat pump heats the recovered cooling water to low pressure steam.

In another embodiment, a vapor processing apparatus of the present invention comprises a medium pressure steam header, a low pressure vapor header, a quasi-intermediate vapor header, a plurality of process units, and a low pressure vapor compression section. The medium-pressure steam header houses medium-pressure steam, the low-pressure steam header houses low-pressure steam, and the quasi-intermediate-pressure steam header stores quasi-intermediate pressure steam between medium-pressure steam and low-pressure steam, and the process units It is connected to a medium pressure steam header, a low pressure steam header and a quasi-intermediate pressure steam header. The low pressure vapor compression unit supplies the quasi-intermediate pressure vapor to the quasi-intermediate pressure steam header after boosting the low pressure steam supplied from the low pressure steam header to the quasi-intermediate pressure vapor. Wherein, the low pressure steam generated by each process unit is recovered by the low pressure steam header, and the low pressure vapor recovered by the low pressure steam header is pressurized by the low pressure vapor compression unit to the quasi-intermediate pressure steam, and the quasi-intermediate pressure steam header provides the quasi-intermediate pressure steam. For each process unit.

In still another embodiment, a vapor processing apparatus of the present invention comprises a medium pressure steam header, a low pressure vapor header, a quasi-low pressure vapor header, a plurality of process units, and a low pressure vapor compression section. The medium-pressure steam header houses medium-pressure steam, the low-pressure steam header houses low-pressure steam, and the quasi-low-pressure steam header stores a quasi-low-pressure vapor whose pressure value is lower than that of low-pressure steam, and the process units are connected to the medium-pressure steam header, Low pressure steam headers and quasi-low pressure steam headers. The low pressure vapor compression unit supplies the medium pressure steam to the medium pressure steam header after boosting the quasi-low pressure steam supplied from the quasi-low pressure steam header to the medium pressure steam. Wherein, the quasi-low pressure steam generated by each process unit is recovered by the quasi-low pressure steam header, and the quasi-low pressure vapor recovered by the quasi-low pressure steam header is pressurized by the low pressure vapor compression unit to medium pressure steam, and the medium pressure steam header is medium pressure steam. Provided to each process unit.

Further, in an embodiment, a steam treatment method of the present invention comprises the steps of: recovering low pressure steam using a plurality of process units, boosting the recovered low pressure steam to medium pressure steam, and boosting medium pressure steam. Provided to each process unit.

It is worth mentioning that, regardless of whether the above-mentioned constituent elements are arbitrarily combined, or the technical spirit of the present invention is changed between various methods, devices, systems, recording media or computer programs, the results thereof are still regarded as The same is the embodiment of the present invention.

The present invention provides a vapor processing apparatus and a steam processing method capable of improving energy saving effects through the above constitution.

10, 10_1~10_n‧‧‧Processing unit

100‧‧‧Vapor treatment equipment

11‧‧‧Boiler

13‧‧‧First pressure control valve

15‧‧‧Second pressure control valve

17‧‧‧High pressure steam using device

19‧‧‧ medium pressure steam using device

21‧‧‧Low-pressure steam installation

23, 23'‧‧‧ Back pressure turbine

24‧‧‧Compressor

26‧‧‧Electric motor

30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80‧‧‧ low pressure vapor compression

38‧‧‧ kettle heat exchanger

41‧‧‧Vapor turbine

42‧‧‧Electric motor

43‧‧‧Rehydrator

45‧‧‧ Radial Turbo Rehydration Generator

47‧‧‧Vacuum generating device

61‧‧‧Aeration turbine

62‧‧‧ motor generator

AFC‧‧ Air-cooled heat exchanger

BFW‧‧‧cooling water

SHH‧‧‧High pressure steam header

SLH‧‧‧ low pressure steam header

SLH1‧‧‧First low pressure steam header

SLH2‧‧‧Second low pressure steam header

SMH‧‧‧ medium pressure steam header

SubSLH‧‧‧ quasi-low pressure steam header

SubSMH‧‧ ‧ medium pressure steam header

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a vapor processing apparatus of the present invention in an embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a vapor processing apparatus of the present invention in another embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing a vapor processing apparatus of the present invention in still another embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing a variation of the low pressure vapor compression section.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing another variation of the low pressure vapor compression section.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing still another modification of the low pressure vapor compression section.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing still another modification of the low pressure vapor compression section.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing still another modification of the low pressure vapor compression section.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing a vapor processing apparatus in a first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 10 is a schematic view of a vapor processing apparatus in a second embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 11 is a schematic view showing a vapor processing apparatus in a third embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 12 is a schematic view showing a vapor processing apparatus in a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a view showing the operation of the vapor treatment apparatus in the first to third embodiments.

1 is a schematic view illustrating a vapor processing apparatus 100 of the present invention in an embodiment, and the vapor processing apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 1 may be, for example, a steam treatment used in a petroleum refinery, a petrochemical plant, or a thermal power plant. device.

As shown in FIG. 1, the steam processing apparatus 100 includes a plurality of process units 10 (the first to nth process units are represented as 10_1~10_n), the boiler 11, the high pressure steam header SHH, the medium pressure steam header SMH, and the low pressure. The vapor header SLH and the low pressure vapor compression unit 30.

The first to nth process units 10_1 to 10_n respectively have process equipment (for example, a heat exchanger, a reactor, a heater, a pump, a compressor, etc.) that processes a predetermined production process. Lift For example, if it is a steam processing plant 100 of a petroleum plant, the first process unit 10_1 may contain a process equipment for making petroleum into gasoline, and the second process unit 10_2 (not shown) may contain petroleum for petroleum. The fine process equipment, the nth process unit 10_n will contain the process equipment for making petroleum oil.

Each of the process units 10 includes an air-cooled heat exchanger (AFC) and a kettle-type heat exchanger 38. The air-cooled heat exchanger AFC cools and liquefies the process fluid, and the process flow system is produced by a chemical generation process. However, the air-cooled heat exchanger AFC is unable to recover the released heat. In this embodiment, a part of the process fluid is branched into the kettle heat exchanger 38 before the air-cooled heat exchanger AFC, and Cooling water BFW (Boiler Feed Water, BFW) is also sent to the kettle type heat exchanger 38. The kettle type heat exchanger 38 heats and evaporates the cooling water BFW through heat exchange with the process fluid to generate low pressure steam of 0.15 MPaG and 128 °C.

Each of the process units 10 is connected to a high pressure steam header SHH, a medium pressure steam header SMH, and a low pressure vapor header SLH. The high pressure steam header SHH is a header for accommodating high pressure steam (for example, about 4.4 MPaG and 394 ° C), and the medium pressure steam header SMH is for accommodating medium pressure steam (for example, about 1.37 MPaG and 240 ° C). The header of the reference), the low-pressure steam header SLH is a header that houses low-pressure steam (for example, based on about 0.15 MPaG and 128 ° C). Further, the high pressure steam header SHH, the intermediate pressure steam header SMH, and the low pressure vapor header SLH can be used in common with the first to nth process units 10_1 to 10_n.

A first pressure control valve 13 is disposed between the high pressure steam header SHH and the intermediate pressure steam header SMH, and the pressure of the high pressure steam header SHH and the medium pressure steam header SMH is controlled by the first pressure control valve 13 Set the value.

Further, a second pressure control valve 15 is disposed between the intermediate pressure steam header SMH and the low pressure vapor header SLH, and the pressure of the intermediate pressure steam header SMH and the low pressure vapor header SLH is controlled by the second pressure control valve 15 A preset value.

The boiler 11 produces high-pressure steam (for example, 4.4 MPaG, 394 ° C) from a fuel such as C heavy oil or exhaust gas, and supplies the high-pressure steam to the high-pressure steam header SHH. The boiler 11 can be, for example, an FCC CO boiler.

The high pressure steam supplied from the boiler 11 is delivered to the respective process units 10 by the high pressure steam header SHH. That is, the high pressure steam is sent from the high pressure steam header SHH to each system. In the high-pressure steam use device 17 of the unit 10, the high-pressure steam use device 17 depressurizes the high-pressure steam, and discharges the reduced-pressure vapor (medium-pressure vapor) to the intermediate-pressure steam header SMH.

Next, the medium-pressure steam is sent from the intermediate-pressure steam header SMH to the intermediate-pressure steam using device 19 of each of the process units 10, and the intermediate-pressure steam using device 19 is used to reduce the pressure of the intermediate-pressure steam, and the pressure-reduced The vapor (low pressure steam) is discharged to the low pressure vapor header SLH.

In the present embodiment, the low-pressure steam header SLH has a low pressure generated by the kettle-type heat exchanger 38 of each of the process units 10 in addition to the low-pressure vapor discharged from the steam-using device 19 in each of the process units 10. Vapor.

The low-pressure steam is supplied from the low-pressure steam header SLH to the low-pressure steam using device 21 of each of the process units 10, and the low-pressure steam using device 21 operates using the low-pressure steam. Further, the high pressure steam using device 17, the medium pressure steam using device 19, and the low pressure steam using device 21 may be a turbine, a pump or a heat exchanger.

In the conventional vapor processing apparatus, low pressure steam is used in the low pressure steam using device 21 of each process unit 10 as described above. In general, the low pressure steam header SLH is connected to the rehydrating turbine generator. Low-pressure steam power generation by a rehydration turbine generator. However, the amount of low pressure vapor produced by the steam treatment equipment often exceeds the amount required for the use of the low pressure steam service unit 21 today, and thus excess excess low pressure vapor will be produced. Although the provision of these low-pressure steam to the rehydration turbine generator for low-pressure steam generation can improve the utilization efficiency of the low-pressure steam, the overall economic benefits of the steam treatment equipment are still reduced under the high cost of the re-hydrogen turbine generator. . Therefore, conventional vapor treatment equipment mostly discharges low-pressure vapor that cannot be used up by the respective process units 10 in the low-pressure steam using device 21 to the atmosphere, and there is room for improvement from the viewpoint of energy saving.

Here, the vapor processing apparatus 100 of the present embodiment further includes a low pressure vapor compression section 30 between the intermediate pressure steam header SMH and the low pressure vapor header SLH, wherein the low pressure vapor compression section 30 includes the compressor 24 and Motor (motor) 26. The compressor 24 compresses the low pressure steam from the low pressure steam header SLH, and the motor 26 is used to start and maintain the operation of the compressor 24.

The low-pressure vapor compression unit 30 pressurizes the low-pressure steam supplied from the low-pressure steam header SLH to an intermediate-pressure vapor of 1 to 1.5 MPaG (for example, 1.37 MPaG), and then delivers the intermediate-pressure vapor to the intermediate-pressure vapor header SMH. Medium pressure steam generated after being boosted, by medium pressure steam header The SMH is delivered to each process unit 10 for use by the medium pressure steam usage unit 19 of each process unit 10.

As described in the embodiment, after the recovered low-pressure steam is boosted to medium-pressure steam, the added value of the low-pressure vapor discharged to the atmosphere in the prior art can be increased, and the application range thereof can be expanded. The energy required to boost the low pressure vapor to medium pressure vapor (i.e., the energy of the drive motor 26) is substantially lower than the energy required to produce the medium pressure vapor directly from the boiler. Therefore, the steam processing apparatus 100 of the present embodiment can replace a part of the medium-pressure steam used in the boiler manufacturing in the prior art by using the medium-pressure steam generated by the boosting low-pressure steam, thereby improving the energy saving effect (low pressure). The vapor is formed by heating and evaporating the process fluid).

If the use of steam for power generation is considered, the low-pressure steam is directly supplied to the rehydration turbine generator for low-pressure steam generation, and its thermal efficiency is only 12%, and the efficiency is rather low. At the same time, the rehydration turbine motor that can be used for low-pressure steam is also produced by only a few manufacturers at this stage, and it is quite difficult to schedule. However, if a low-pressure mixed-gas rehydration turbine generator with medium-pressure steam as the main steam is used for power generation, the thermal efficiency can be increased to 15%, and at the same time, there are many manufacturers producing low-pressure mixed-gas rehydration turbine generators. Device scheduling is relatively easy. Therefore, as described in the embodiment, by boosting the recovered low-pressure steam to medium-pressure steam, in addition to improving the heat efficiency, the low-pressure mixed-gas rehydration turbine generator which is easy to dispatch can be efficiently used.

The steam processing apparatus 100 of the present embodiment recovers the low-pressure vapors of the first to nth process units 10_1 to 10_n, and the recovered low-pressure steam includes the remaining low pressure of each of the process units 10 whose low-pressure steam using device 21 is not used up. The vapor and the low pressure vapor produced by each of the process units 10 in its kettle type heat exchanger 38. The recovered low-pressure vapor is sent to the low-pressure vapor compression unit 30 by the low-pressure steam header SLH, and is boosted to medium-pressure steam. Then, the medium-pressure vapor generated after the pressure increase is sent to each process by the medium-pressure steam header SMH. The unit 10 is used by the medium pressure steam using device 19.

However, when each process unit 10 boosts the low-pressure steam to medium-pressure steam and uses it, the use efficiency of the high-pressure vapor in the first process unit 10_1 is generated, and the use efficiency of the low-pressure vapor in the n-th process unit 10_n is generated. Inferior problems, in other words, each process unit 10 will have different low pressure steam use efficiencies between each other, and these poor efficiencies may cause the vapor treatment equipment to fail to achieve the desired energy savings.

In contrast, the process unit 10 in the present embodiment is configured to pressurize the low-pressure vapor recovered by each process unit 10 into a medium-pressure vapor by the low-pressure vapor compression unit 30, and then deliver the medium-pressure vapor generated after the pressure increase. Since each process unit 10 is utilized, it is possible to avoid the problem of poor use efficiency of low-pressure steam between the respective process units 10, so that the vapor treatment apparatus 100 as a whole can have an ideal energy-saving effect. Since the low-pressure steam recovered by the plurality of process units 10_1~10_n can be applied to a plurality of medium-pressure steam use devices 19 respectively provided in different process units after being boosted, the low-pressure steam after recovery can be used not only The medium-pressure steam using device 19 provided in the specific process unit can also be used in the medium-pressure steam using device 19 provided in other process units. In this way, low-pressure steam that cannot be fully utilized and limited in use in the prior art can be effectively used as an energy source to achieve an energy-saving effect. Further, the medium-pressure steam using device 19 can be operated without using the additionally purchased steam or the steam generated by the boiler, so that the medium-pressure steam using device 19 can operate more efficiently.

2 is a schematic view illustrating the vapor treatment apparatus of the present invention in another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the reference pressure of the intermediate pressure vapor header SMH (for example, 1.37 MPaG) is higher than that of the low pressure vapor compression section 30. When the pressure that can be boosted (for example, 1.05 MPaG or 0.75 MPaG), an additional medium-pressure steam header SubSMH is additionally added, which accommodates the pressure between the medium-pressure vapor and the low-pressure vapor (for example, 1.05 MPaG or 0.75 MPaG). The vapor (referred to as "quasi-medium pressure vapor"), and the quasi-intermediate vapor header SubSMH are connected to the respective process units 10. It is worth mentioning that, in the implementation aspect, when the lower pressure of the steam using the medium pressure steam back pressure turbine 23 in each process unit is checked, it is found that the lower limit pressure is higher than the preset value, The aforementioned machine is tuned to a machine suitable for use with quasi-medium pressure steam supplied by the quasi-medium pressure steam header SubSMH. For example, the quasi-intermediate pressure vapor generated by the low pressure vapor compression unit 30 is sent to the respective process units by the quasi-intermediate pressure steam header SubSMH for use by the adjusted back pressure turbine 23'.

In the present embodiment, even if the low-pressure steam compressed by the low-pressure vapor compression unit 30 cannot reach the pressure standard of the medium-pressure steam in the factory, the existing back pressure turbine 23 is adjusted by the provision of the quasi-intermediate-pressure steam header, so that it can be applied. Quasi-medium pressure steam can greatly reduce the amount of steam generated in the boiler 11 in the plant and improve energy saving.

Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the vapor treatment apparatus of the present invention in still another embodiment, in which the steam generated by the kettle type heat exchanger 38 of each of the process units 10 cannot be reached. When the reference pressure to the low-pressure steam header SLH (for example, 0.15 MPaG) (here, the vapor which is lower than the low-pressure vapor (for example, 0.1 MPaG) is referred to as "quasi-low-pressure vapor"), as shown in FIG. An additional quasi-low pressure steam header SubSLH containing the quasi-low pressure vapor is additionally provided. Further, the quasi-low pressure vapor recovered by each of the process units is boosted to the intermediate pressure vapor by the low pressure vapor compression unit 30, and then supplied to the intermediate pressure steam header SMH.

In this embodiment, when the vapor recovered by each process unit 10 cannot reach the pressure standard of the low pressure steam, a quasi-low pressure steam header SubSLH is provided, and the quasi-low pressure steam is boosted to medium pressure steam and supplied to each process unit. Thereby, the amount of steam generated in the boiler 11 in the plant can be greatly reduced, and the effect of energy saving can be improved. Further, in another embodiment, the quasi-low pressure vapor of the quasi-low pressure vapor header SubSLH may be boosted to the quasi-intermediate pressure vapor by the low pressure vapor compression unit 30, and then supplied to the quasi-intermediate pressure vapor header SubSMH.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing a variation of the low-pressure vapor compression unit. In the low-pressure vapor compression unit 30 shown in Fig. 1, the compressor 24 is started by the electric motor 26 and kept running for a long period of time. The low-pressure vapor compression unit 40 shown in Fig. 4 includes a compressor 24 that compresses low-pressure steam from the low-pressure steam header SLH, and a steam turbine 41 that uses low-pressure steam from the low-pressure steam header SLH. The compressor 24 is started and kept running for a long time. In this variation, the low pressure vapor compression section 40 may not include an electric motor in order to utilize the low pressure vapor more efficiently.

Figure 5 is a schematic view showing another variation of the low-pressure vapor compression section. The low-pressure vapor compression section 50 shown in Figure 5 includes a compressor 24, a steam turbine 41, and an electric motor 42 which is derived from a low-pressure vapor set. The low pressure vapor of the tube SLH is compressed, and the steam turbine 41 starts the compressor 24 with the low pressure steam from the low pressure steam header SLH. When the steam turbine 41 starts the compressor 24, the motor 42 keeps the compressor 24 operating for a long time instead of the steam turbine 41.

In general, when a large-scale electromechanical device as a motor is introduced (the motor is used to drive a compressor), it is often necessary to expand the existing power distribution equipment because the compressor 24 gives a considerable power load to the power distribution equipment when it is started. . However, under the variation shown in FIG. 5, the return speed of the compressor 24 is increased by the steam turbine 41 to be greater than the rated return speed. When the motor 42 is input with power, a large amount of starting current flowing through the motor 42 can be instantaneous. Disappeared, therefore, the variation of Figure 5 can reduce the scale of the existing distribution equipment, let the electricity Motivation 42 can be used in larger sizes. In other words, it is possible to avoid the problem in the prior art that the existing power distribution equipment must be completely replaced by the introduction of the large electric motor 42.

Figure 6 is a schematic view showing still another variation of the low-pressure vapor compression section. The low-pressure vapor compression section 60 shown in Figure 6 includes a compressor 24 and an aeration turbine 61, and the compressor 24 is derived from a low-pressure steam header SLH. The low pressure vapor compression, the aeration turbine 61 uses the low pressure steam from the low pressure steam header SLH and the medium pressure steam from the intermediate pressure steam header SMH to start the compressor 24 and keep it running for a long time. In the present variation, the low-pressure vapor compression unit 60 can significantly increase the vapor content irrespective of the operation state of the low-pressure vapor and the medium-pressure vapor recovered in the operating state of the plant. The degree of freedom of distribution is maximized to maximize the energy saving effect of the steam treatment apparatus 100.

Figure 7 is a schematic view showing still another variation of the low-pressure vapor compression section. The low-pressure vapor compression section 70 shown in Figure 7 includes a compressor 24, an aeration turbine 61, and a motor generator 62, and the compressor 24 will come from Low-pressure vapor compression of the low-pressure steam header SLH, which utilizes low-pressure steam from the low-pressure steam header SLH and medium-pressure steam from the intermediate-pressure steam header SMH to drive the compressor 24 when the aeration turbine 61 produces overdrive When the excess power of the power required by the compressor 24 is exceeded, the motor generator 62 uses the excess power to induce power generation. When the air-fueled turbine 61 of the low-pressure vapor compression unit 70 does not generate excess power, the combined power is driven by the compressor 24, and the combined power is the sum of the power generated by the air-fuel turbine 61 and the power generated by the motor generator 62. In the present embodiment, since the low-pressure vapor compression unit 70 can cause the motor generator 62 to function as a motor or a generator in response to the amount of generation of the low-pressure vapor and the demand for the medium-pressure vapor, the steam treatment can be further improved. The energy saving effect of the device 100.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing still another modification of the low-pressure vapor compression portion, and the low-pressure vapor compression portion 80 shown in Fig. 8 is a variation of the vapor compression portion 50 shown in Fig. 5, and the low-pressure vapor compression portion 80 is a system. The compressor 24, the steam turbine 41, and the rehydrator 43 are compressed. The compressor 24 compresses the low pressure vapor from the low pressure steam header SLH, and the steam turbine 41 drives the compressor 24 with the low pressure steam from the low pressure steam header SLH. The device 43 is connected to the steam turbine 41.

The steam turbine 41 of the low-pressure vapor compression unit 80 is driven by the low-pressure steam to generate a vacuum between the steam turbine 41 and the rehydrator 43. The low-pressure vapor compression unit 80 of the present embodiment is used when the compressor 24 is started, and the steam turbine is used. 41 generated vacuum for the compressor The vacuum state 24 exhibits a lowering of the starting load of the compressor 24 while reducing the output power required for the steam turbine 41 to start, greatly improving the degree of freedom of the ratio of the low pressure vapor distributed by the compressor 24 to the steam turbine 41.

It is to be noted that the steam turbine 41 of the low pressure vapor compression section 80 in this variation may also be replaced with the aeration turbine 61 of FIG.

Further, in addition to the vacuum generated by the steam turbine 41, the vacuum generated by the vacuum generating device 47 connected to the rehydrator 43 may be additionally applied to cause the compressor 24 to assume a vacuum state or generated by using the vacuum generating device 47. The vacuum replaces the vacuum generated by the steam turbine 41, wherein the vacuum generating device 47 can be a vacuum pump or an injector.

Next, various embodiments of the vapor processing apparatus will be described. Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing a steam processing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In the first embodiment, the steam processing apparatus 100 uses the low-pressure vapor compression unit 30 shown in Fig. 1, wherein the low-pressure vapor compression unit 30 is composed of a compressor and The motor is composed.

Further, in the first embodiment, the vapor of 0.25 MPaG (also referred to as the second low-pressure vapor) is set as the low-pressure vapor, and the vapor of 0.15 MPaG (also referred to as the first low-pressure vapor) is set to the low pressure as compared with the above embodiment. The vapor, the low pressure vapor pressure of this embodiment is slightly higher than the low pressure vapor of the above embodiment. Next, in the first embodiment, 1.05 MPaG of vapor having a pressure slightly lower than the medium pressure steam of 1.37 MPaG was set as the quasi-intermediate pressure vapor. According to the above, the steam header included in the steam processing apparatus 100 of the first embodiment is sequentially arranged to be a high-pressure steam header SHH for accommodating high-pressure steam and a medium-pressure vapor set for accommodating medium-pressure steam in accordance with the vapor pressure of the storage. a tube SMH, a quasi-intermediate pressure steam header SMH accommodating quasi-intermediate pressure steam, a second low pressure vapor header SLH2 accommodating the second low pressure vapor, and a first low pressure vapor header SLH1 accommodating the first low pressure vapor, wherein the first low pressure vapor The header SLH1 corresponds to the low pressure vapor header SLH of Fig. 1.

In the first embodiment, the first low pressure steam of 100 t/h is recovered through the kettle type heat exchanger 38 of each process unit 10, and then the pressure drop of the medium pressure steam header SMH to the second low pressure steam header SLH2 is reduced. At 0 t/h, the amount of reduction of the second low pressure vapor header SLH2 to the first low pressure vapor header SLH1 can be determined by manifold balancing. Next, in order to allow the additional purchased steam amount to be 0 t/h, the low pressure vapor compression unit 30 is used to boost the first low pressure steam of 56 t/h to 1.05 MPaG, and secondly, 60 sets of pumps driven by the medium pressure steam are used. 33 units were changed to the 1.05 MPaG specification and connected to the quasi-intermediate steam header SubSMH. This embodiment Among them, the 38.8 t/h low-pressure steam which cannot be completely pressurized by the low-pressure vapor compression unit 30 is supplied to the radial turbine rehydrating generator 45 for power generation.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view showing a steam processing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In the second embodiment, the steam processing apparatus 100 also uses the low pressure vapor compression section 30 shown in Fig. 1, wherein the low pressure vapor compression section 30 is composed of a compressor and The motor is composed.

In the second embodiment, the first low pressure steam of 61.2 t/h is recovered so that the amount of purchased steam can be 0 t/h, and then the pressure drop of the medium pressure steam header SMH to the second low pressure steam header SLH2 is reduced. At 0 t/h, the amount of reduction of the second low pressure vapor header SLH2 to the first low pressure vapor header SLH1 can be determined by manifold balancing. In this embodiment, in order to make the additional purchased steam amount 0t/h, the first low-pressure steam of 56t/h is boosted to 1.05MPaG, and secondly, 33 of the 60 pumps driven by the medium-pressure steam are used. Change to the specification of 1.05MPaG and connect it to the quasi-intermediate steam header SubSMH. In the present embodiment, since the low-pressure vapor compression unit 30 uses the recovered low-pressure vapor, no excess low-pressure steam is generated.

Figure 11 is a schematic view showing a steam processing apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In the third embodiment, the steam processing apparatus 100 uses the low-pressure vapor compression section 60 (alkali rehydration turbo compressor) shown in Fig. 6, in which the low pressure is used. The vapor compression unit 60 is composed of a compressor and an air-mixing turbine.

In the third embodiment, the first low pressure steam of 100 t/h is recovered through the kettle type heat exchanger 38 of each process unit 10, and then the pressure drop of the medium pressure steam header SMH to the second low pressure steam header SLH2 is reduced. At 0 t/h, the amount of reduction of the second low pressure vapor header SLH2 to the first low pressure vapor header SLH1 can be determined by manifold balancing. In the present embodiment, in order to minimize the amount of additional purchased steam, the low-pressure vapor compression portion 60 is used to boost the first low-pressure steam of 57 t/h to 1.05 MPaG while the air gas introduced into the low-pressure vapor compression portion 60 is mixed. The 1.05 MPaG medium-pressure steam volume of the turbine is 1/4 of the first low-pressure steam amount of 0.15 MPaG, and then 27 of the 60 pumps driven by the medium-pressure steam are changed to the specifications of 1.05 MPaG, and the standard is applied. Medium pressure steam header SubSMH connection. In the present embodiment, since the low-pressure vapor compression unit 30 uses the recovered low-pressure vapor, no excess low-pressure steam is generated.

Figure 12 is a schematic view showing a vapor processing apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the fourth embodiment, the steam processing apparatus 100 uses the low-pressure vapor compression unit 70 shown in Fig. 7, wherein the low-pressure vapor compression unit 70 is a compressor, The air-mixing turbine and the motor generator 62 are configured.

In the fourth embodiment, the first low pressure steam of 130 t/h is recovered through the kettle type heat exchanger 38 of each process unit 10, and then the pressure drop of the medium pressure steam header SMH to the second low pressure steam header SLH2 is reduced. At 0 t/h, the amount of reduction of the second low pressure vapor header SLH2 to the first low pressure vapor header SLH1 can be determined by manifold balancing. In this embodiment, in order to minimize the amount of additional purchased steam, the low pressure vapor compression unit 60 is used to boost the first low pressure steam of 67 t/h to 1.05 MPaG, and then 60 pumps driven by medium pressure steam are used. Of these, 27 were changed to the 1.05 MPaG specification and connected to the quasi-intermediate steam header SubSMH. In the present embodiment, since the low-pressure vapor compression unit 30 uses the recovered low-pressure vapor, no excess low-pressure steam is generated.

Fig. 13 is a view showing the operation of the steam treatment apparatus in the first to third embodiments. It is understood from the drawings that the steam treatment apparatus 100 of the first to third embodiments and the conventional technique use turbine steam for power generation by simply using low-pressure steam. Compared with the steam treatment equipment, the steam treatment equipment of the present invention has an economic benefit of more than three times, which is because the present invention can use the medium pressure steam obtained by using the low pressure steam boosted by the medium pressure steam purchased by the conventional technology. Substitution (where low pressure steam is produced by heating and evaporation of the process fluid) allows the entire plant to operate at a reasonable cost.

The present invention has been described in detail by way of example only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and those skilled in the art In the meantime, these variations are also included in the scope of the patent of the present invention.

For example, in the above embodiment, the kettle type heat exchanger 38 of each of the process units 10 may generate low pressure steam using cooling water, and then pressurize the low pressure steam to medium pressure steam. It is also possible that each of the process units 10 recovers the used cooling water, heats the cooling water by a heat pump to obtain a low-pressure vapor, and then boosts the low-pressure steam to medium-pressure steam, or simultaneously obtains low-pressure steam using the two methods described above. In the prior art, the cooling water returned after cooling is generally used as a simple heat release through a cooling tower or the like, and then used in the next cooling cycle. If the configuration of the present invention is used, the amount of heat release can be greatly reduced and converted. In order to utilize the high value of steam, the energy saving effect of the steam treatment equipment is remarkably improved.

Finally, in terms of industrial utilization, the present invention can be applied to factories such as petroleum refineries, petrochemical plants, and thermal power plants.

10_1, 10_n‧‧‧Processing unit

11‧‧‧Boiler

13‧‧‧First pressure control valve

15‧‧‧Second pressure control valve

17‧‧‧High pressure steam using device

19‧‧‧ medium pressure steam using device

21‧‧‧Low-pressure steam installation

24‧‧‧Compressor

26‧‧‧Electric motor

30‧‧‧Low Pressure Vapor Compression Department

38‧‧‧ kettle heat exchanger

100‧‧‧Vapor treatment equipment

AFC‧‧ Air-cooled heat exchanger

BFW‧‧‧cooling water

SHH‧‧‧High pressure steam header

SLH‧‧‧ low pressure steam header

SMH‧‧‧ medium pressure steam header

Claims (12)

A steam treatment device comprising: a medium pressure steam header for accommodating medium pressure steam; a low pressure steam header for accommodating low pressure steam; and a plurality of process units connected to the medium pressure steam header and a low-pressure vapor header; and a low-pressure vapor compression unit that supplies the medium-pressure vapor to the medium-pressure vapor header after the low-pressure vapor supplied from the low-pressure vapor header is boosted to the medium-pressure vapor, wherein each The low-pressure steam generated by the process unit is recovered by the low-pressure steam header, and the low-pressure vapor recovered by the low-pressure steam header is pressurized by the low-pressure vapor compression unit to medium-pressure steam, and the medium-pressure steam header supplies medium-pressure steam to each The process unit. The vapor processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the low pressure vapor compression section comprises: a compressor for compressing low pressure steam provided by the low pressure steam header; and a steam turbine utilizing the low pressure The low pressure vapor provided by the vapor header activates the compressor; and an electric motor that, when the steam turbine starts the compressor, replaces the steam turbine to keep the compressor running. The vapor treatment plant steam treatment device of claim 1, wherein the low pressure vapor compression portion comprises: a compressor for compressing the low pressure vapor supplied by the low pressure steam header; and a steam turbine The compressor is driven by low pressure steam provided by the low pressure steam header. The vapor processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the low pressure vapor compression section comprises: a compressor for compressing the low pressure vapor supplied by the low pressure steam header; and a mixed gas turbine driven by the low pressure steam provided by the low pressure steam header and the medium pressure vapor supplied by the medium pressure steam header The compressor. The vapor processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the low pressure vapor compression section comprises: a compressor for compressing the low pressure steam provided by the low pressure steam header; and an aeration turbine utilizing the The low pressure steam provided by the low pressure steam header and the medium pressure vapor provided by the medium pressure steam header drive the compressor; and a motor generator when the mixed gas turbine generates excess power exceeding the power required to drive the compressor The electric motor uses the excess power to induce power generation. The steam processing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein when the mixed gas turbine does not generate the excess power, the compressor is driven by the combined power, and the combined power is the power generated by the mixed air turbine and the The sum of the power generated by the motor generator. The vapor processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the low pressure vapor compression section comprises: a compressor for compressing the low pressure vapor supplied by the low pressure steam header; and a steam turbine or a mixed gas turbine The steam turbine drives the compressor with low pressure steam provided by the low pressure steam header, the mixed gas turbine driving the compression by using low pressure steam provided by the low pressure steam header and medium pressure steam provided by the medium pressure steam header The low pressure vapor compression unit uses a vacuum generated by the steam turbine or the gas mixing turbine to activate the compressor in a vacuum state. The vapor processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the process units comprises a heat exchanger that uses a process fluid to heat water to a low pressure vapor. The steam treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the system further comprises: A cooling water recovery means for recovering cooling water used in each of the process units; and a heat pump for heating the recovered cooling water to low pressure steam. A steam treatment device comprising: a medium pressure steam header for accommodating medium pressure steam; a low pressure steam header for accommodating low pressure steam; and a quasi-medium pressure steam header, wherein the storage pressure value is between a quasi-intermediate pressure vapor between medium pressure steam and low pressure steam; a plurality of process units connected to the medium pressure steam header, the low pressure steam header and the quasi-intermediate pressure steam header; and a low pressure vapor compression section, After boosting the low pressure steam provided by the low pressure steam header to the quasi-intermediate pressure steam, the quasi-intermediate pressure steam is supplied to the quasi-intermediate steam header, wherein the low pressure vapor generated by each of the process units is subjected to the low pressure vapor The header recovery, after the low pressure vapor recovered by the low pressure vapor header is pressurized to the quasi-intermediate pressure vapor by the low pressure vapor compression unit, the quasi-intermediate pressure manifold supplies quasi-intermediate pressure vapor to each of the process units. A steam treatment device comprising: a medium pressure steam header for accommodating medium pressure steam; a low pressure steam header for accommodating low pressure steam; and a quasi-low pressure steam header for storing pressure values lower than low pressure a quasi-low pressure vapor of steam; a plurality of process units connected to the medium pressure steam header, the low pressure vapor header, and the quasi-low pressure vapor header; and a low pressure vapor compression section for the quasi-low pressure vapor header After the quasi-low pressure steam is supplied to the medium pressure steam, the medium pressure steam is supplied to the medium pressure steam header, wherein the quasi-low pressure steam generated by each of the process units is recovered by the quasi-low pressure steam header, the quasi-low pressure vapor The quasi-low pressure vapor recovered by the header is boosted to the medium pressure by the low pressure vapor compression unit After the vapor, the medium pressure steam header supplies medium pressure steam to each of the process units. A steam treatment method comprising the steps of: recovering low pressure steam using a plurality of process units; boosting the recovered low pressure steam to medium pressure steam; and providing pressurized medium pressure steam to each of the process units.