CN111442190B - Method for storing energy by using tunnel - Google Patents
Method for storing energy by using tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN111442190B CN111442190B CN201910039303.7A CN201910039303A CN111442190B CN 111442190 B CN111442190 B CN 111442190B CN 201910039303 A CN201910039303 A CN 201910039303A CN 111442190 B CN111442190 B CN 111442190B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
- F17D1/02—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours
- F17D1/06—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours for steam
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for storing energy by using a tunnel, which comprises the steps of paving a metal plate on the surface of the tunnel, welding the metal plate into a steam container, and connecting the steam container with the ground through a steam pipeline; when the steam energy needs to be stored, steam is input into the steam container through the steam pipeline, and when the steam energy needs to be utilized, the steam in the steam container is output through the steam pipeline. The invention stores the steam generated by power generation by using the steam container, and outputs the stored steam to push the steam generator to generate power when the power consumption is in a peak, thereby effectively utilizing the deep night electricity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an energy storage method, in particular to a method for storing energy by using a tunnel, and belongs to the technical field of energy storage.
Background
Wind power, sea wave, tide and thermal power plants usually generate surplus power during the power supply in late night, for example, eighty percent of the power in China is thermal power generation, the power consumption is reduced in late night, and a boiler of the thermal power generation still needs to generate power after being incapable of stopping working in night, so that the surplus power can be generated. If unnecessary electric power does not use, can cause the electric wire netting incident on the one hand, on the other hand can cause the valuable energy extravagant, also can't satisfy common people's life needs simultaneously, for example summer needs a large amount of electric power and opens the air conditioner, but night because temperature drops the idle call electric quantity and can reduce, the condition that has electric power not enough daytime and night electric power surplus inevitably. At present, a large number of fall pumping power generation reservoirs are invested in China and built for storing redundant electric power in the late night, such as Beijing dense cloud pumping power generation reservoirs and Guangzhou white cloud pumping power generation reservoirs, water is pumped from a low-level reservoir to a high-level reservoir for storage in the late night by using the fall between the two reservoirs, and the water flows from the high-level reservoir to the low-level reservoir for hydroelectric power generation in the peak time of power consumption. However, building the water pumping and power generating reservoir requires a large amount of investment and relocation of immigrants on one hand, and also requires a certain natural fall condition on the other hand, for example, the water pumping and power generating reservoir cannot be built in the case that no mountain can form a water level fall in the Shanghai. Therefore, how to effectively store the surplus electric energy late at night is related to the safety of the national power grid, the domestic electricity and the national energy demand of common people, and the method has very important economic and social benefits.
The existing reports on steam energy storage mainly adopt a high-pressure container to store energy for steam. For example, the patent with patent application number CN201010144453.3 and invention name "steam energy storage tank" published by chinese patent office 2010.08.04 discloses a method for storing steam energy, which uses a spherical tank body to store steam, although this method can also store a certain amount of steam energy, this spherical tank body not only has high manufacturing cost, less amount of stored steam, but also has poor safety, and it is a serious safety accident if explosion occurs. Also, for example, in a patent with patent application No. CN201721268771.4 and utility model name "a steam thermal energy storage device", which is published by chinese patent office 2018.05.01, a pressure tank is also used to store steam, and this method also has the defects of high manufacturing cost, less stored energy, poor safety, etc.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems and needs in the art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for storing energy using a tunnel.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for storing energy by using a tunnel comprises the steps of paving a metal plate on the surface of the tunnel, welding the metal plate into a steam container, and connecting the steam container with the ground through a steam pipeline; when the steam energy needs to be stored, steam is input into the steam container through the steam pipeline, and when the steam energy needs to be utilized, the steam in the steam container is output through the steam pipeline.
At present, the main electric power of China is generated by coal, but the electric power is surplus when the coal is used for generating electricity at night. At present, the water is pumped and stored by utilizing the fall of a reservoir, and the electricity is stored late at night and then released at the peak of electricity utilization. However, the water pumping and electricity storage by the reservoir must have certain natural conditions. The invention stores the steam of the power plant by using the high-pressure container, and outputs the stored steam when power generation is needed to push the steam generator to generate power. In addition, the high-pressure steam container has high cost and poor safety, and once explosion happens, a huge safety accident can be caused. For example: if steam with 150 atmospheric pressure needs to be borne, a steel plate with the thickness of 60 mm is needed, but the steam container with the same thickness only needs to be 10 mm, the cost is low, the steam container with the same thickness can bear higher steam pressure, the steam storage capacity is high, meanwhile, although the steel plate with the thickness of 10 mm can only bear the steam with 10 atmospheric pressure, the steel plate is tightly attached to the inner surface of the tunnel, the rest 140 atmospheric pressures are transmitted to the inner surface of the tunnel, the 150 atmospheric pressures can still be borne, and the tunnel is located underground and is safe due to the fact that a soil layer is arranged on the tunnel.
Preferably, the metal plate has a folded shape, such as a corrugated shape, ensuring a telescopic function when subjected to the air pressure. Because the pressure that the steam container bore is different when steam is inputed or exported, the steam temperature that can also be different for the difference of steam pressure, and the metal sheet can produce the expend with heat and contract with cold phenomenon when the temperature changes. The long-term thermal expansion and contraction can cause cracks to be generated at the welding position of the metal plate, thereby affecting the service life and the safety of the metal plate. The present invention provides a metal plate having a folded shape such as a corrugated shape, so that when the metal plate is expanded with heat and contracted with cold, the influence caused by the expansion with heat and the contraction with cold can be eliminated by the folded shape of the metal plate.
Preferably, the surface of the tunnel is hardened to ensure that the tunnel can be closely attached to the metal plate. The surface of the tunnel is usually uneven, the pressure resistance of the tunnel can be improved on the one hand through hardening treatment, and the close fit of the metal plate and the tunnel can be ensured on the other hand. The steam pressure in the steam container can be effectively transmitted to the surface of the tunnel through the close fit, and the steam pressure is transmitted to the soil through the surface of the tunnel.
Preferably, the surface of the tunnel or/and the inner or outer surface of the metal plate is/are provided with an insulating layer. The temperature of steam itself is very high, if not keep warm will cause the temperature of steam to descend to cause the waste of the energy, through the installation heat preservation, can improve the utilization ratio of the steam energy.
Preferably, the tunnel is divided into two or more parts, one of which is a main tunnel, and an electric heating device is arranged in the main tunnel; the rest is a secondary tunnel which is connected with a steam generator; the secondary tunnel is connected with an electric heating device in the main tunnel through electricity generated by a steam generator, and steam in the main tunnel is heated through the electric heating device, so that the steam pressure in the main tunnel is improved. For steam generators, the stability of the steam pressure is very critical. If the pressure of the steam is unstable, the generated power is unstable, which causes the unsafe of the power grid, the quality of the generated power is not high, and the value is greatly reduced. The reason why many wind power generators stop not rotating is that the electricity generated by the wind power generators is unstable and poor in quality, which causes unsafe conditions of the power grid. Therefore, when the wind power generation amount accounts for a certain proportion of the power grid, the power can not be generated, otherwise, the whole power grid safety accident of power supply can be caused. When the steam in the tunnel is output outwards to drive the steam generator to generate electricity, the pressure of the steam is gradually reduced after a period of time, for example, the pressure is reduced from 150 atmospheric pressure to 145 atmospheric pressure, and then the generated electric power is reduced, and the quality of the electricity is also reduced. According to the invention, the secondary tunnel is connected with the electric heating device in the main tunnel through the electricity generated by the steam generator, and the electric heating device heats the steam in the main tunnel, so that the steam pressure in the main tunnel is improved, the steam pressure in the main tunnel is ensured to be still kept at 150 atmospheric pressures, and thus high-quality steam is output, and the generated electricity is also high-quality.
Preferably, one of two or more tunnels is taken as a main tunnel, and an electric heating device is installed in the main tunnel; the other tunnels are auxiliary tunnels; the auxiliary tunnel is connected with a steam generator; the electricity generated by the secondary tunnel is connected with the electric heating device in the main tunnel, and the steam in the main tunnel is heated by the electric heating device, so that the steam pressure in the main tunnel is improved. Due to the restriction of geological conditions, sometimes a large tunnel cannot be excavated, thereby limiting the storage amount of steam. The invention can dig a plurality of small tunnels, and the tunnels can be mutually complemented and utilized by the invention, and the effect of a large tunnel can also be achieved. If the tunnel is a large tunnel, the effect of storing a large amount of steam can be achieved, but if the tunnel needs to be repaired, the whole tunnel cannot store the steam. By adopting the method, if one tunnel needs to be maintained, the other tunnels can also work normally, and the whole steam storage system cannot be influenced.
As a further preferred scheme, a temperature or pressure sensor and a temperature or pressure control system are installed in the main body tunnel or the main tunnel, and when the steam pressure meets the requirement, the electric heating device stops heating; or the secondary tunnel stops supplying power.
As a further preferred scheme, the secondary tunnel or the secondary tunnel drives steam to be pressurized through power generation or directly utilizes the steam to be pressurized, and the pressurized steam is directly input into the main tunnel or the main tunnel. The quality of the generated electric power can be ensured by increasing the pressure of the steam, and meanwhile, the steam is directly pressurized, so that the stability of the pressure of the steam can be ensured. The pressurization mode has various modes, such as directly using steam in a secondary tunnel or a secondary tunnel to push a steam compressor to compress low-pressure steam into high-pressure steam; the generated electricity can also drive a steam compressor to compress low-pressure steam into high-pressure steam, and the high-pressure steam is input into the main body tunnel or the main tunnel.
Preferably, the steam is delivered into the tunnel through a steam pipeline or is generated by heating water through an electric heating device in the tunnel. The steam can be surplus steam in the thermal power plant at night, and can also be generated by heating water in the tunnel by other power generation. For example, the electricity generated by the wind driven generator drives the electric heating device in the tunnel to heat the water in the tunnel into steam, and then the steam is stored. When electricity is needed, the stored steam is reused to drive the steam generator to generate electricity.
Preferably, the tunnel is a abandoned mine. The mine is a tunnel, and waste can be utilized by storing steam in the abandoned mine, so that the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable beneficial effects:
1. the steam container arranged in the underground tunnel is used for storing the generated steam, and the stored steam is output when the power consumption is in a peak, so that the steam generator is pushed to generate electricity, the cost is low, the amount of the stored steam is large, the safety is good, the deep night electricity can be effectively utilized, the safety of a power grid is facilitated, and the utilization rate of energy is improved;
2. the invention can effectively utilize other energy sources such as wind energy and photovoltaic energy;
3. the invention effectively solves the problem that the extra electric energy can not be stored in the late night due to the geographical condition limitation, and the electric energy in the late night can be effectively stored in any place.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a method for storing energy by using a tunnel according to example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another method for storing energy by using a tunnel according to embodiment 2;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a steel plate constituting a steam vessel in a method of storing energy using a tunnel according to example 3;
illustration of the drawings: 1. soil; 2. a main tunnel; 2A, a secondary tunnel; 3. a primary roadway surface; 3A, a secondary tunnel surface; 4. a primary steam vessel; 4A, an auxiliary steam container; 5. a main steam line; 5A, an auxiliary steam pipeline; 6. primary steam; 6A, auxiliary steam; 7. a primary steam valve; 7A, an auxiliary steam valve; 8. a steam generator; 9. a power transmission cable; 10. a power transmission cable; 11. an electric heater; 12. a steel plate; 13. anti-shrinkage and anti-expansion joint.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further fully described in detail with reference to the following embodiments and accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of a method for storing energy by using a tunnel according to the present embodiment is as follows:
excavating a main tunnel 2 in soil 1, and hardening the surface 3 of the main tunnel 2 to increase the compressive resistance of the surface 3 of the main tunnel; a main steam container 4 is arranged in the main ground 2, the main steam container 4 inputs or outputs main steam 6 through a main steam pipeline 5, and a main steam valve 7 is arranged on the main steam pipeline 5 and used for controlling the opening or closing of the main steam 6. At present, more than 80% of electric energy in China comes from coal power generation, and the coal power generation is to drive a steam generator to generate electricity by using steam generated by burning coal. However, when the electricity consumption is reduced late at night, the steam boiler cannot stop working, otherwise, potential safety hazards are brought, and how to store the redundant steam or electric energy is very important. The method adopted at present mainly comprises the steps of building a reservoir (such as a Beijing dense cloud reservoir and a Guangzhou white cloud mountain reservoir), pumping water from a low-level reservoir to a high-level reservoir for storage by utilizing the fall of the reservoir and utilizing surplus electricity at night, and discharging the water from the high-level reservoir to the low-level reservoir at the peak of electricity consumption in daytime so as to push a hydroelectric generator to carry out hydroelectric generation. However, the reservoir needs to be built under certain natural conditions, needs to be built by a fall, has huge investment and needs to be moved. The invention adopts the method of digging underground tunnel to store steam, and the tunnel can be built at any place, so the invention is not limited by geographical conditions, and the cost for building the tunnel is far lower than the cost for building the reservoir; in particular, the invention carries out hardening treatment on the surface of the tunnel, the steam container is tightly connected with the hardened surface of the tunnel, and the pressure of the steam is transmitted to the surface of the tunnel, thereby greatly reducing the pressure bearing of the steam container, expanding the capacity of the steam container and reducing the cost. More importantly, the steam container is positioned in the underground tunnel, so that the danger of explosion of the steam container is eliminated.
In addition, the invention can directly store the steam generated by coal burning, and can also convert other energy (such as electric energy generated by wind power generation) into steam energy for storage, for example: an electric heater is arranged in the steam container, and the water in the steam container is heated into steam for storage by utilizing wind power.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic structural diagram of a method for storing energy by using a tunnel according to the present embodiment is as follows:
when the steam in the tunnel is used for generating electricity, the pressure of the steam is reduced along with the continuous output of the steam in the steam container, and the quantity of the generated electricity of the steam is also reduced continuously, so that the quality of the generated electricity is reduced continuously, and potential hazards are brought to the safety of a power grid; in order to generate electricity stably by using steam, the invention excavates two or more tunnels in the soil 1 (in the embodiment, two tunnels are excavated as shown in fig. 2), the tunnel in which the generated electricity is connected with the power grid is called as a main tunnel, and the rest tunnels are called as auxiliary tunnels (of course, a large tunnel can be excavated first, and then the large tunnel is divided into two or more tunnels which are called as a main tunnel and a secondary tunnel respectively, and the secondary tunnel can be one or more than one); wherein the electricity generated by the main tunnel 2 is connected with the power grid, and the electricity generated by the other auxiliary tunnels 2A is introduced into the main tunnel 2 to supply power for the electric heater 11 in the main tunnel 2; the secondary tunnel surface 3A of the secondary tunnel 2A is also hardened to increase the compressive resistance of the secondary tunnel surface 3A; an auxiliary steam container 4A is arranged in the auxiliary tunnel 2A, and the auxiliary steam container 4A inputs or outputs auxiliary steam 6A through an auxiliary steam pipeline 5A; an auxiliary steam valve 7A is arranged on the auxiliary steam pipeline 5A and used for controlling the opening or closing of the auxiliary steam 6A; the auxiliary steam valve 7A is opened to output the auxiliary steam 6A in the auxiliary steam container 4A to drive the steam generator 8 to generate electricity, and then the auxiliary steam is input into the main steam container 4 in the main tunnel 2 through the transmission cable 9 and the transmission cable 10 to heat the main steam 6 in the main steam container 4 and keep the pressure stable. Of course, in order to prevent the reduction of the steam in the tunnel, the invention can input water or low-pressure steam into the tunnel, and the low-pressure steam can be the steam generated by the steam generator. Similarly, the invention can also directly utilize the auxiliary steam 6A to push the steam press to pressurize the steam and then input the steam into the main steam container 4, and the mode can directly increase the pressure only by once conversion, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of energy.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 3, a schematic structural diagram of a steel plate constituting a steam container in the method for storing energy by using a tunnel according to the present embodiment is as follows: the surface of the tunnel is hardened to form a tunnel surface 3 (which may be any one of the tunnel surfaces of examples 1 and 2), a steam container 4 is installed in the hardened tunnel surface 3, and an anti-shrinkage-expansion joint 13 is provided on the surface of a steel plate 12 constituting the steam container 4. The anti-shrinkage and expansion joint 13 can overcome the shrinkage or expansion of the steel plate 12 caused by the temperature change when the temperature of the steam changes. Meanwhile, the steel plate 12 with the structure can be made of a thinner steel plate, and after the steel plate 12 is tightly attached to the tunnel surface 3, the pressure of steam can be transmitted to the tunnel surface 3, so that the pressure resistance of the tunnel surface 3 to bear the steam pressure is further improved.
Finally, it should be pointed out here that: the above is only a part of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and the insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the present invention by those skilled in the art based on the above description are intended to be covered by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for storing energy by using a tunnel comprises the steps of paving a metal plate on the surface of the tunnel, welding the metal plate into a steam container, and connecting the steam container with the ground through a steam pipeline; when the steam energy needs to be stored, steam is input into the steam container through the steam pipeline, and when the steam energy needs to be utilized, the steam in the steam container is output through the steam pipeline; the method is characterized in that: the tunnel is divided into two or more parts, one of which is a main tunnel, and an electric heating device is arranged in the main tunnel; the rest is a secondary tunnel which is connected with a steam generator; the secondary tunnel is connected with an electric heating device in the main tunnel through electricity generated by a steam generator, and steam in the main tunnel is heated through the electric heating device, so that the steam pressure in the main tunnel is improved.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: and a temperature or pressure sensor and a temperature or pressure control system are arranged in the main body tunnel, and when the steam pressure meets the requirement, the electric heating device stops heating or the secondary body tunnel stops supplying power.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the secondary tunnel drives steam pressurization through power generation or directly utilizes the steam pressurization, and the pressurized steam is directly input into the main tunnel.
4. A method for storing energy by using a tunnel comprises the steps of paving a metal plate on the surface of the tunnel, welding the metal plate into a steam container, and connecting the steam container with the ground through a steam pipeline; when the steam energy needs to be stored, steam is input into the steam container through the steam pipeline, and when the steam energy needs to be utilized, the steam in the steam container is output through the steam pipeline; the method is characterized in that: one of two or more tunnels is taken as a main tunnel, and an electric heating device is arranged in the main tunnel; the other tunnels are auxiliary tunnels; the auxiliary tunnel is connected with a steam generator; the electricity generated by the secondary tunnel is connected with the electric heating device in the main tunnel, and the steam in the main tunnel is heated by the electric heating device, so that the steam pressure in the main tunnel is improved.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein: and a temperature or pressure sensor and a temperature or pressure control system are arranged in the main tunnel, and when the steam pressure meets the requirement, the electric heating device stops heating or the auxiliary tunnel stops supplying power.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein: the auxiliary tunnel drives steam to be pressurized through power generation or directly utilizes the steam to be pressurized, and the pressurized steam is directly input into the main tunnel.
7. The method according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: the metal plate has a folding shape, and the metal plate has a telescopic function under the action of air pressure.
8. The method according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: and hardening the surface of the tunnel to ensure that the tunnel can be closely attached to the metal plate.
9. The method according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: and mounting insulating layers on the surface of the tunnel or/and the inner surface or/and the outer surface of the metal plate.
10. The method according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: the steam is input into the tunnel through a steam pipeline or is generated by heating water by an electric heating device in the tunnel.
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| CN112036636A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-04 | 国网福建省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | Comprehensive energy load prediction method mainly based on electric energy terminal consumption |
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| CN201730756U (en) * | 2010-08-26 | 2011-02-02 | 刘凤桥 | Aerodynamic generating device |
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