TWI577811B - Low-lead brass alloy - Google Patents

Low-lead brass alloy Download PDF

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TWI577811B
TWI577811B TW103127544A TW103127544A TWI577811B TW I577811 B TWI577811 B TW I577811B TW 103127544 A TW103127544 A TW 103127544A TW 103127544 A TW103127544 A TW 103127544A TW I577811 B TWI577811 B TW I577811B
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lead
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TW201600618A (en
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李家德
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江西鷗迪銅業有限公司
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C9/00Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/01Alloys based on copper with aluminium as the next major constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C9/00Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/04Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent

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Description

低鉛黃銅合金 Low lead brass alloy

本發明涉及一種低鉛黃銅合金。 The present invention relates to a low lead brass alloy.

銅具有優良的導電性和環境友善性,對人類有害的病菌在其表面不能存活,為改善銅材料的性能,在銅中加入其它元素,如在銅鋅黃銅中加入鉛,極大地改善了黃銅的切削性能,但是鉛對人體健康和生態平衡具有破壞作用,世界範圍內的趨勢也是對含鉛合金的使用進行越來越多的限制。 Copper has excellent electrical conductivity and environmental friendliness. Pathogens harmful to humans cannot survive on its surface. To improve the performance of copper materials, adding other elements to copper, such as adding lead in copper-zinc brass, has greatly improved. The cutting performance of brass, but lead has a destructive effect on human health and ecological balance, and the worldwide trend is also increasingly limiting the use of lead-containing alloys.

另外,隨著環境問題的日益突出,使用環境更加惡劣,使黃銅製品的表層強度降低,甚或導致黃銅管穿孔,大幅縮短黃銅製品的使用壽命,並造成應用上的問題。 In addition, with the increasingly prominent environmental problems, the use environment is more severe, the surface strength of the brass products is reduced, or even the brass tubes are perforated, the service life of the brass products is greatly shortened, and application problems are caused.

因此,便有需要提供一種可替代含高量鉛黃銅,並可達到抗脫鋅腐蝕,但仍須兼顧鑄造性能、鍛造性、切削性、耐腐蝕性與機械性質的合金配方,以解決前述的問題。 Therefore, there is a need to provide an alloy formulation that can replace high-quality lead brass and can resist dezincification corrosion, but still has to take into consideration casting properties, forgeability, machinability, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties to solve the foregoing The problem.

本發明目的在於提供一種抗拉強度、延伸率、抗脫鋅性佳、切削性等性能優異的黃銅合金,適合作為需要高強度、耐磨損、耐漬蝕的切削加工品。可安全地取代含有大量鉛的合金銅,且完全符合人類社會發 展對含鉛產品限制的訴求。 An object of the present invention is to provide a brass alloy excellent in tensile strength, elongation, dezincification resistance, and machinability, and is suitable as a processed product requiring high strength, abrasion resistance, and corrosion resistance. It can safely replace alloy copper containing a large amount of lead, and it is completely in line with human society. Exhibition of restrictions on lead-containing products.

為了達成上述目的而提案以下低鉛黃銅合金。 In order to achieve the above object, the following low-lead brass alloys are proposed.

一種低鉛黃銅合金(以下簡稱發明物1),包括:占黃銅合金總重量62.5-63wt%的銅、0.16-0.24wt%的鉛、0.55-0.7wt%的鋁,剩餘部分為鋅。 A low-lead brass alloy (hereinafter referred to as Invention 1) includes: copper in an amount of 62.5-63 wt%, total lead of 0.16-0.24 wt%, aluminum of 0.55-0.7 wt%, and the balance being zinc.

本發明物1在把鉛的含量降至0.24wt%以下,控制銅的含量在62.5-63wt%,添加微量的鋁以此增加黃銅合金切削性。與此同時,由於鋁在合金中表面上的離子化傾向比鋅大,能夠優先與腐蝕性氣體或溶液中的氧結合,從而在合金表面形成緻密的氧化鋁保護膜,以此提高黃銅合金在惡劣環境下的耐腐蝕性和耐脫鋅性。而且鋁能夠提高合金鑄造流動性、使合金強度和硬度均顯著提高,為了較好地發揮上述作用,鋁的含量控制在黃銅合金總重的0.55-0.7wt%;上述之低鉛黃銅合金包括一種以上選自占黃銅合金總重量0-0.02wt%的銻、0-0.2wt%的錫、0-0.01wt%的鎂和0.09-0.12wt%的砷的元素,所選元素均能在一定程度上增加黃銅合金的切削性能,且銻和錫的加入能夠明顯地提高合金的強度,並使其塑性得到改善,抗腐蝕性增強;微量的砷能夠提高合金的耐脫鋅性,但是不宜過高,過高的砷會使得合金的熱鍛造性和擠壓性降低;上述之低鉛黃銅合金包括一種以上選自占黃銅合金總重量0.0005-0.0009wt%的硼、0.05-0.15wt%的鐵、0-0.15wt%的鎳和0-0.005wt%的鋯的元素,其中硼能夠提高黃銅合金的耐蝕性能並抑制脫鋅;鐵能夠加強黃銅合金的堅韌性;鎳不僅能抑制黃銅合金生銹,同時還能夠形成合金金 屬間的化合物,均勻地析出於基地中,提高合金的耐磨損性和強度;鋯能夠細化晶粒,從而提高黃銅合金的鑄造性。 In the present invention 1, the content of lead is reduced to 0.24 wt% or less, the content of copper is controlled to be 62.5 to 63 wt%, and a trace amount of aluminum is added to increase the machinability of the brass alloy. At the same time, since aluminum has a larger ionization tendency on the surface of the alloy than zinc, it can preferentially combine with corrosive gas or oxygen in the solution to form a dense aluminum oxide protective film on the surface of the alloy, thereby improving the brass alloy. Corrosion resistance and dezincification resistance in harsh environments. Moreover, aluminum can improve the fluidity of the alloy casting, and the strength and hardness of the alloy are significantly improved. In order to better exert the above effects, the content of aluminum is controlled to 0.55-0.7 wt% of the total weight of the brass alloy; the above-mentioned low-lead brass alloy Including one or more elements selected from the group consisting of bismuth, 0-0.02 wt% of tin, 0-0.2 wt% of tin, 0-0.01 wt% of magnesium, and 0.09-0.12 wt% of arsenic, based on the total weight of the brass alloy, the selected elements can To some extent, the cutting performance of the brass alloy is increased, and the addition of niobium and tin can significantly improve the strength of the alloy, and the plasticity is improved, and the corrosion resistance is enhanced; the trace amount of arsenic can improve the dezincification resistance of the alloy. However, it should not be too high, too high arsenic will reduce the hot forgeability and extrusion of the alloy; the above-mentioned low-lead brass alloy includes more than one selected from the group consisting of boron in the total weight of the brass alloy of 0.0005-0.0009 wt%, 0.05- 0.15wt% iron, 0-0.15wt% nickel and 0-0.005wt% zirconium element, wherein boron can improve the corrosion resistance of brass alloy and inhibit dezincification; iron can strengthen the toughness of brass alloy; nickel Not only can inhibit the rust of the brass alloy, but also form alloy gold Inter-generial compounds are uniformly deposited in the base to improve the wear resistance and strength of the alloy; zirconium can refine the grains, thereby improving the castability of the brass alloy.

一種低鉛黃銅合金(以下簡稱發明物2),包括:占黃銅合金總重量62.5-63wt%的銅、0.16-0.24wt%的鉛,及兩種以上選自占黃銅合金總重量0.55-0.7wt%的鋁、0-0.02wt%的銻、0-0.2wt%的錫和0-0.01wt%的鎂的元素,剩餘部分為鋅。其中添加鋁、銻、錫和鎂的理由同發明物1中所述,具體添加時根據實際需要而定;上述之低鉛黃銅合金包括兩種以上選自占黃銅合金總重量0.09-0.12wt%的砷、0.0005-0.0009wt%的硼、0.05-0.15wt%的鐵、0-0.15wt%的鎳和0-0.005wt%的鋯的元素。其中添加砷、硼、鐵、鎳和鋯的理由同發明物1中所述,具體添加時根據實際需要而定。 A low-lead brass alloy (hereinafter referred to as invention 2), comprising: copper in an amount of 62.5-63 wt% of total brass alloy, 0.16-0.24 wt% of lead, and two or more selected from the total weight of brass alloy 0.55 - 0.7 wt% aluminum, 0-0.02 wt% bismuth, 0-0.2 wt% tin and 0-0.01 wt% magnesium, with the balance being zinc. The reason for adding aluminum, bismuth, tin and magnesium is the same as described in the invention 1, and the specific addition is determined according to actual needs; the above-mentioned low-lead brass alloy includes two or more selected from the total weight of the brass alloy of 0.09-0.12. An element of wt% arsenic, 0.0005-0.0009 wt% boron, 0.05-0.15 wt% iron, 0-0.15 wt% nickel, and 0-0.005 wt% zirconium. The reason why arsenic, boron, iron, nickel, and zirconium are added is the same as that described in Invention 1, and the specific addition is determined according to actual needs.

一種低鉛黃銅合金包括:占黃銅合金總重量62.5-63wt%的銅、0.16-0.24wt%的鉛、0-0.02wt%的銻、0-0.01wt%的鎂、0-0.2wt%的錫、0.0005-0.0009wt%的硼、0.55-0.7wt%的鋁、0.05-0.15wt%的鐵、0-0.15wt%的鎳、0.09-0.12wt%的砷、0-0.005wt%的鋯及0-0.01wt%的雜質,剩餘部分為鋅。其中添加銻、鎂、錫、硼、鋁、鐵、鎳、砷和鋯的理由同發明物1中所述,且在發明物3中同時添加上述元素,是為了能夠較好地滿足特定產品性能的需求。 A low-lead brass alloy includes: 62.5-63 wt% copper, 0.16-0.24 wt% lead, 0-0.02 wt% bismuth, 0-0.01 wt% magnesium, 0-0.2 wt%, based on the total weight of the brass alloy. Tin, 0.0005-0.0009 wt% boron, 0.55-0.7 wt% aluminum, 0.05-0.15 wt% iron, 0-0.15 wt% nickel, 0.09-0.12 wt% arsenic, 0-0.005 wt% zirconium And 0-0.01wt% of impurities, the remainder is zinc. The reason for adding bismuth, magnesium, tin, boron, aluminum, iron, nickel, arsenic and zirconium is the same as described in the invention 1, and the above elements are simultaneously added to the invention 3 in order to better satisfy the performance of the specific product. Demand.

為讓本之上述特徵和優點能更明顯易懂,下文特舉較佳實施例,並配合所附圖式,作詳細說明如下。 The above described features and advantages will be more apparent from the following description.

本發明的範圍不旨在限於所述示範性實施例。(相關領域以及獲悉本公開內容的技術人員將聯想到的)此處說明的本發明特徵的變更和另外改動以及此處說明的本發明原理的其它應用被認為是在本發明範圍之內。 The scope of the invention is not intended to be limited to the exemplary embodiments described. It is intended that the present invention, as well as other modifications of the features of the invention described herein, and other applications of the principles of the invention described herein are considered to be within the scope of the invention.

本發明數值描述中的以上、以下均表示包括本數。 The above and the following in the numerical description of the present invention are all included to include the present number.

本文中所指的抗脫鋅腐蝕性能測試是以鑄態的形式按照AS-2345-2006規範進行,以1000C.C去離子水加入12.8g氯化銅,並將實測物放置其中,時間為24h,以測得脫鋅深度。 The anti-dezincification corrosion resistance test referred to herein is carried out in the form of as-cast according to the AS-2345-2006 specification. 12.8 g of copper chloride is added in 1000 C.C deionized water, and the measured object is placed therein for 24 hours. To measure the depth of dezincification.

◎代表脫鋅深度小於300μm;○代表脫鋅深度介於300μm及400μm之間;以及ㄨ代表脫鋅深度大於400μm。 ◎ represents a dezincification depth of less than 300 μm; ○ represents a dezincification depth of between 300 μm and 400 μm; and ㄨ represents a dezincification depth of more than 400 μm.

本文中所指的切削性能測試是以鑄態的形式進行,採用相同的刀具,相同切削速度和相同進刀量,切削速度為25m/min(米/分鐘),進刀量為0.2mm/r(毫米/每刀刃數),切削深度0.5mm,試棒直徑為20mm,並以C36000合金材料為基準,經由量測切削阻力求得相對切削率。 The cutting performance test referred to in this paper is in the form of as-cast, using the same tool, the same cutting speed and the same amount of cutting, cutting speed is 25m / min (m / min), the amount of feed is 0.2mm / r (mm/number of blades), the cutting depth is 0.5mm, the diameter of the test bar is 20mm, and the relative cutting rate is obtained by measuring the cutting resistance based on the C36000 alloy material.

相對切削率=C36000合金材料的切削阻力/試樣切削阻力。 Relative cutting rate = cutting resistance of C36000 alloy material / sample cutting resistance.

◎代表相對切削率大於85%;○代表相對切削率大於70%。 ◎ represents a relative cutting rate greater than 85%; ○ represents a relative cutting rate greater than 70%.

本文中所指的抗拉強度及延伸率的測試,均以鑄態的形式在室溫下進行拉伸測試。延伸率即試樣拉伸斷裂後標距段的總變形△L與原標距長度L之比的百分數:δ=△L/L×100%。對比試樣為同狀態同規格的含鉛黃黃銅,即C36000合金。 The tensile strength and elongation tests referred to herein were all tested in the as-cast condition at room temperature. The elongation is the percentage of the ratio of the total deformation ΔL of the gauge length after the tensile fracture of the sample to the length L of the original gauge length: δ = ΔL / L × 100%. The comparative sample is a lead-containing yellow brass of the same specification and the same specification, that is, a C36000 alloy.

本文中所指合金元素水中溶出性能測試按照GB/T5750-2006《生活飲用水標準檢驗方法》進行測試並按照GB5749-2006《生活飲用水衛生標準》判定。 The dissolution test of the alloying elements in the water referred to in this paper is tested according to GB/T5750-2006 "Standard Test Method for Drinking Water" and judged according to GB5749-2006 "Sanitary Standard for Drinking Water".

上述C36000合金材料成份配比實測如下,單位為重量百分比(wt%): The composition ratio of the above C36000 alloy materials is as follows, and the unit is weight percentage (wt%):

實施例 Example

表1中為15種低鉛黃銅合金配比,各組分單位為重量百分比(wt%)。 Table 1 shows the ratio of 15 low-lead brass alloys, and the units of each component are percentage by weight (wt%).

對上述組分的合金以鑄態的形式在室溫下進行切削性能、抗脫鋅腐蝕性能、抗拉強度及延伸率的測試,對比試樣為C36000合金。 The alloy of the above components was tested in the as-cast form at room temperature for cutting performance, dezincification resistance, tensile strength and elongation, and the comparative sample was C36000 alloy.

抗拉強度、延伸率、切削性能及抗脫鋅腐蝕性能實驗結果如下: The tensile strength, elongation, cutting performance and resistance to dezincification corrosion are as follows:

對上述組分的合金進行水中溶出性能測試,實驗結果如下(各數值單位均為mg/L): The alloys of the above components were tested for dissolution in water. The experimental results are as follows (all numerical units are mg/L):

雖然本發明已以較佳實施例揭露如上,然其並非用以限定本發明,任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者,在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內,當可作些許之更動與潤飾,因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention, and any one of ordinary skill in the art can make some modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (1)

一種低鉛黃銅合金,其特徵在於,包括:占黃銅合金總重量62.5-63wt%的銅、0.16-0.24wt%的鉛、0-0.02wt%的銻、0-0.01wt%的鎂、0-0.2wt%的錫、0.0005-0.0009wt%的硼、0.55-0.7wt%的鋁、0.05-0.15wt%的鐵、0-0.15wt%的鎳、0.09-0.12wt%的砷、0-0.005wt%的鋯及0-0.01wt%的雜質,剩餘部分為鋅。 A low-lead brass alloy characterized by comprising: 62.5-63 wt% of copper, 0.16-0.24 wt% of lead, 0-0.02 wt% of bismuth, 0-0.01 wt% of magnesium, and total weight of the brass alloy. 0-0.2 wt% tin, 0.0005-0.0009 wt% boron, 0.55-0.7 wt% aluminum, 0.05-0.15 wt% iron, 0-0.15 wt% nickel, 0.09-0.12 wt% arsenic, 0- 0.005 wt% of zirconium and 0-0.01 wt% of impurities, the balance being zinc.
TW103127544A 2014-06-23 2014-08-12 Low-lead brass alloy TWI577811B (en)

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