TWI571198B - Castor fruit harvesting device, harvesting machine and harvesting method - Google Patents

Description

Ramie fruit harvesting device, harvesting machine and harvesting method

The invention relates to an agricultural harvesting device, a harvesting machine and a harvesting method, in particular to a ramie fruit harvesting device, a harvesting machine and a harvesting method.

Replacing fossil fuels that will eventually be depleted with biomass energy is one of the main trends in energy development, and the seeds of ramie can be used to extract castor oil, so it can be used as a source of biomass energy.

Ramie is a one-year or perennial herb. Its inflorescences and fruits are usually distributed in a conical shape. In the past, artificially harvested castor fruits were used. However, due to the fact that labor costs account for a large part of production costs, they are currently harvested mechanically. The direction of development.

Wu Zhifeng et al. published a ramie harvester for harvesting ramie fruit in 2013, which first used a set of wheel sawing cutters to cut the main stem of the ramie, and used the entanglement device to cut the castor. The stem is transported to the threshing drum on the back side, but the ramie harvester has the drawback that the main stem of the castor must be cut off so that the perennial castor plant cannot be harvested again. On the other hand, the average harvest rate of the ramie harvester is only about 67.1 ± 6.8%, and there is still room for further improvement.

In view of the above, one of the main objects of the present invention is to provide a ramie harvesting machine which can harvest ramie fruit without cutting the ramie main stem.

In order to achieve the foregoing and other objects, the present invention provides a ramie fruit harvesting device comprising a first scraping plate set and a second scraping plate set, the first scraping plate set having a plurality of first scraping plates At least part of the first scraping plate of the first scraping plate set is located on a first collecting surface, and the first scraping plates are movable from bottom to top on the first collecting surface; the second The scraping plate set has a plurality of second scraping plates, and at least a portion of the second scraping plates of the second scraping plate set are located on a second collecting surface, and the second The scraping plate is movable from bottom to top on the second collecting surface, and each of the second scraping plates on the second collecting surface corresponds to one of the first scraping plates located on the first collecting surface A corresponding oscillating passage is defined between the corresponding first and second scraping plates for the ramie plant to pass through the oscillating passage in a harvesting direction.

In order to achieve the foregoing and other objects, the present invention also provides a ramie fruit harvesting machine comprising at least one ramie fruit harvesting device as described above and at least one pair of collecting tracks on both sides of the oscillating channel for The castor fruits scraped off by the first and second scraping plates were collected.

In order to achieve the foregoing and other objects, the present invention also provides a method for harvesting a ramie fruit, comprising: providing a first scraping plate set and a second scraping plate set, the first scraping plate set having a plurality of first scraping sets Taking a plate, at least a portion of the first scraping plate of the first scraping plate set is located on a first collecting surface, and the second scraping plate has a plurality of second scraping plates, the second scraping plate set At least a portion of the second scraping plate is located on a second collecting surface, and each of the second scraping plates on the second collecting surface corresponds to one of the first scraping plates located on the first collecting surface a corresponding oscillating passage is defined between the first and second scraping plates; and the ramie plant is passed through the oscillating passage in a harvesting direction, and the first one on the first and second collecting surfaces is The second scraping plate is moved from bottom to top, and at least part of the castor plant of the castor plant is scraped from the castor plant.

Based on the prior art, the present invention can perform the harvesting of castor fruits without cutting off the main stem of the castor, and can obtain a good harvest rate of the castor fruit.

1‧‧‧ Ramie fruit harvesting machine

2‧‧‧ Ramie fruit harvesting device

10‧‧‧First scraping plate set

11‧‧‧First scraping board

111‧‧‧ convex

112‧‧‧ recess

113‧‧‧ harvest front end

114‧‧‧ harvesting inside

115‧‧‧ harvested outside

15‧‧‧ swinging channel

20‧‧‧Second scraping plate set

21‧‧‧Second scraping board

211‧‧‧ convex

212‧‧‧ recess

213‧‧‧ harvest front end

214‧‧‧ harvested inside

215‧‧‧ harvested outside

30‧‧‧First harvesting chain

40‧‧‧Second harvesting chain

50‧‧‧ ‧ body

60‧‧‧ wheels

70‧‧‧Collecting crawlers

80‧‧‧Stem brush

81‧‧‧ inside

82‧‧‧ outside

83‧‧‧ bristles

84‧‧‧ handle

85‧‧‧leaf

90‧‧‧Guide

91‧‧‧ openings

92‧‧‧Support space

D‧‧‧ harvesting direction

S1‧‧‧ first harvesting surface

S2‧‧‧Second harvesting surface

P‧‧‧ Castor plants

F‧‧‧ Castor fruit

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a preferred embodiment of the ramie fruit harvesting machine of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing a partial structure of a preferred embodiment of the ramie fruit harvesting machine of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a plan view showing a part of the structure of a preferred embodiment of the ramie fruit harvesting machine of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a front elevational view of a preferred embodiment of the ramie fruit harvesting device of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing a pair of first and second scraping plates of a preferred embodiment of the castor fruit collecting device of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a plan view showing a pair of first and second scraping plates of a preferred embodiment of the ramie fruit collecting device of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a side elevational view (I) of the harvesting process of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 8 is a side elevational view (2) of the harvesting process of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 9 is a side elevational view (3) of the harvesting process of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 10 is a top plan view of the harvesting process of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Please refer to figures 1 to 3. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ramie fruit harvesting machine 1 is a ramie fruit used for harvesting ramie plants, and the ramie plant is still grown on the ground when harvested, and the ramie fruit harvesting machine 1 is not A cutter for cutting the main stem of the castor is provided. In the ideal harvesting situation, after the ramie fruit harvesting machine 1 completes the harvesting of the ramie fruit, most of the ramie fruit on the ramie plant is harvested, and the main stem of most ramie plants can still be It is roughly intact, and this type of harvesting makes it possible for multiple mechanical harvesting operations of castor plants.

In the preferred embodiment, the ramie fruit harvesting machine 1 has two sets of ramie fruit harvesting device 2, so that a single ramie fruit harvesting machine 1 can be used for harvesting two rows of parallel cast ramie plants. . It can be understood that the ramie fruit harvesting machine 1 can carry out the harvesting of the ramie fruit as long as it has a set of ramie fruit harvesting device 2, and in the single ramie fruit harvesting machine 1 The number of receiving devices 2 can be increased or decreased as needed.

Referring to FIG. 4, each ramie fruit harvesting device 2 includes a first scraping plate set 10 and a second scraping plate set 20, and the first scraping plate set 10 has a plurality of first scraping plates 11 The second scraping plate set 20 has a plurality of second scraping plates 21, and a part of the first scraping plates 11 of the first scraping plate set 10 is located on an imaginary first collecting surface S1, and the second scraping plate set A portion of the second scraping plate 21 of 20 is located at an imaginary second collecting surface S2 The first and second scraping plates 11, 21 located on the first and second collecting surfaces are all movable from bottom to top for scraping the castor fruit.

In order to move the first and second scraping plates 11, 21 on the first and second collecting faces from bottom to top, the first and second scraping plates 11 can be driven by a chain or other transmission belt. 21 moves. For example, in the preferred embodiment, the ramie fruit harvesting device 2 further includes a first harvesting chain 30 and a second harvesting chain 40. The first scraping plates 11 of the first scraping plate set 10 The second collecting chains 21 are disposed at equal intervals from each other, and the second scraping plates 21 of the second scraping plate group 20 are disposed at equal intervals from each other in the second collecting chain 40, first and The second recovery chains 30, 40 can be driven by a power mechanism (such as a motor), and the revolving strokes of the first and second recovery chains 30, 40 can be guided by a plurality of guide wheels, and the first and second recovery chains 30, 40 respectively Having a length of movement from bottom to top, the strokes overlap with the first and second harvesting surfaces S1, S2, respectively, so when the first and second harvesting chains 30, 40 are rotated, they are located in the strokes The first and second scraping plates 11, 21 in the middle can have a characteristic of moving from bottom to top. In the manner in which the first and second scraping plates 11, 21 are driven by the chain, usually only the first and second scraping plates 11, 21 are located at the first and second collecting surfaces S1, S2. .

In other possible embodiments, all of the first and second scraping plates may be respectively located on the first and second harvesting surfaces. For example, the first and second scraping plates may be respectively disposed at the first 1. The lifting mechanism for lifting and lowering on the second collecting surface; in the actuating stroke of the lifting mechanism from bottom to top, all the first and second scraping plates can be driven to the first and second collecting surfaces respectively Move up and carry out the harvesting of the ramie fruit; in the resetting stroke of the elevator from top to bottom, all the first and second scraping plates can be driven down, and the harvesting of the ramie fruit can be suspended.

The first and second harvesting surfaces may be flat, and the two may be parallel; or, in order to adapt to the conical distribution of the ramie ears, the first and second harvesting surfaces may be curved surfaces, or the spacing between the two may be A design that tapers from bottom to top.

Please refer to Figures 5 and 6 for further reference. Each of the second scraping plates 21 on the second collecting surface corresponds to one of the first scraping plates 11 on the first collecting surface, and the corresponding one is in the height direction. Having the shortest distance or both, the corresponding first and second scraping plates 11 and 21 define a swinging passage 15 for the castor plant to pass through the swinging passage 15 in a harvesting direction D. Preferably, the receiving direction D is an average level or parallel to the ground on which the castor plant is planted, and the stroke in which the harvesting direction D and the first and second scraping plates 11, 12 are moved from bottom to top is preferably substantially vertical. The extending direction of the first and second scraping plates 11 and 21 may be substantially parallel to the harvesting direction D or may have a slight angle with the harvesting direction D; the first and second scraping plates 11 and 21 are harvested. The direction D does not necessarily extend linearly, for example, it may extend along a curve or have a reverse point.

In the present invention, the "wobble channel" refers to a passage that can swing the left and right ramie plants in the harvesting direction D while the ramie plant is repeatedly swaying left and right; in the preferred embodiment, the first of the oscillating passages 15 is defined. At least one of the second scraping plates 11 and 21 is swayed by the castor plant guided by the inner concave and convex contours; in a preferred embodiment, at least a portion of the oscillating passage 15 is S-shaped or continuous S-shaped.

In the preferred embodiment, each of the first scraping plates 11 has a plurality of convex portions 111 and a plurality of concave portions 112. The convex portions 111 and the concave portions 112 of each of the first scraping plates 11 are interspersed in the harvesting direction D. The interpenetrating arrangement has a concave portion 112 between two adjacent convex portions 111 or a convex portion 111 between the two adjacent concave portions 112. Each of the second scraping plates 21 has a plurality of convex portions 211 and a plurality of concave portions 212. The convex portion 211 and the concave portion 212 of each of the second scraping plates 21 are interspersed with each other in the harvesting direction D, and the convex portions 211 and the concave portions of each of the second scraping plates 21 on the second collecting surface 212 is a concave portion 112 and a convex portion 111 respectively corresponding to the corresponding first scraping plate 11, that is, the convex portion 211 of the second scraping plate 21 is a concave portion 112 corresponding to the corresponding first scraping plate 11, The concave portion 212 of the second scraping plate 21 is a convex portion 111 corresponding to the corresponding first scraping plate 11. At least a portion of the oscillating passage 15 is defined between the projections 111, 211 and the recesses 112, 212, and at least a portion of the oscillating passage 15 is formed in a continuous S shape.

In order to guide the castor plant to smoothly enter the swinging passage 15, the harvesting front ends 113, 213 of the first and second scraping plates 11, 21 are inclined, so in the harvesting direction D, the swinging passage 15 is The portion corresponding to the harvesting front ends 113, 213 is tapered, in other words, the foremost edge of the oscillating passage 15 has a larger opening.

In order to increase the scraping efficiency, each of the first and second scraping plates 11, 21 may have an outer shape inclined downward toward the outside; in detail, each of the first and second scraping plates 11, 21 has a close proximity The recovery inner side 114, 214 of the oscillating passage 15 and a recovery outer side 115, 215 opposite to the recovery inner side 114, 214, each of the first and second scraping plates 11, 21 are collected from the inner side 114, 214 is inclined toward the outer side 115, 215. Such a design can make the first and second scraping plates 11, 21 easily exert a force on the castor fruit away from the castor plant during the harvesting process of the castor fruit, thereby increasing the scraping efficiency.

In addition, referring to Figures 1 to 3, in addition to the aforementioned castor fruit harvesting device 2, the castor fruit harvesting machine 1 of the preferred embodiment includes a frame 50 and a plurality of devices. The wheel 60 of the frame body 50, at least one pair of collecting crawlers 70 on both sides of the swinging passage 15, at least one pair of oppositely disposed stem brushes 80 and at least one pair of oppositely disposed guide members 90. The ramie fruit harvesting machine 1 can also be provided with a power component to drive the ramie fruit harvesting machine 1 forward; in order to allow the ramie plant to pass through the oscillating passage 15 in the harvesting direction D, the ramie fruit harvesting machine 1 advances direction Preferably, it is substantially opposite to the harvesting direction D.

The pair of collecting crawlers 70 are for collecting the castor fruits scraped off by the first and second scraping plates 11, 21, and the collecting crawler 70 can transport the castor fruits dropped on the collecting crawler 70 to one end thereof, and collect them. One end of the crawler belt 70 may be provided with a collecting container for collecting ramie fruit or other means for post-treating the castor fruit, which may be, but not limited to, a classifying device, a shelling device and the like.

The pair of stem brush 80 are respectively located under the first and second scraping plate groups 10 and 20, and each of the stem brush 80 has an inner side 81 for contacting the main stem of the castor plant and an outer side 82 away from the castor plant. The inner side 81 of each of the stem brush 80 is higher than the outer side, and the pair of collecting crawlers 70 are respectively adjacent to the outer side of the pair of stem brush 80. Most of the bristles 83 of the stem brush 80 extend toward the inner side 81, and one end of the bristles 83 is fixed by the handle 84. When the castor fruit is scraped off by the first and second scraping plates 11, 21, it may fall on the stem brush 80 and roll down the upper surface of the stem brush 80 to the collecting crawler 70. The stem brush 80 can be directly fixed to the frame 50, or the stem can be stalked The brush 80 can also be supported by a plurality of obliquely extending paddles 85 having passages for the passage of castor fruits between them, while allowing at least a portion of the castor leaves that are scraped together to pass through the passageway. While the paddle 85 is dropped at a position other than the collecting track 70, one side of the paddle lever 85 can be coupled to the frame body 50.

The pair of guiding members 90 are respectively located in front of the first and second scraping plate sets 10, 20, and an opening 91 is defined in front of the pair of guiding members 90. In the collecting direction D, the pair of guiding members 90 are A plant space 92 that tapers toward the oscillating passage 15 is defined. If the castor plant to be harvested is slightly lodging, it can be corrected by the guide 90 to perform the harvesting operation.

The following describes the method of harvesting ramie fruit, and please refer to Figures 7 to 10. The size ratio of the ramie plant and the ramie fruit harvesting device is only shown in the figure, and the actual size ratio of the two is not limit. Firstly, at least the first and second scraping plate sets 10 and 20 are provided to move the castor fruit harvesting device forward, so that the castor plant P can pass through the swinging passage 15 along the harvesting direction D and along with the first The concave cams of the second scraping plates 11 and 21 are wide and swing to the left and right, and the process of swinging the ramie plant P to the left and right helps to reduce the situation in which the foliage obscures the castor fruit F, and at the same time on the first and second harvesting surfaces. The first and second scraping plates 11, 21 are moved from bottom to top, and the first and second scraping plates 11, 21 scrape at least part of the castor fruit F from the castor plant P.

It should be noted that since the main stem of the castor plant is not cut during the harvesting process, the castor plant still retains the grip force, so that the castor fruit bears the scraping force of the first and second scraping plates 11, 21 at the same time. In the case of a reaction force derived from the grip of the castor plant and the double force, the castor fruit is easily removed from the castor plant and harvested smoothly.

In the field trial conducted by the applicant, the castor ear has an average of about 54 castor fruits per ear. After harvesting using the harvesting device and method of the present invention, only 1-4 castor residues remain on the castor plant. Fruit, the harvest rate is significantly increased from less than 70% of the conventional technology to more than 90%, and the harvesting process does not actively cut off the main stem of the castor plant, so the multi-stage mechanical harvesting of the castor fruit can also be achieved. There has been a significant increase in the above.

Finally, it should be noted that the constituent elements disclosed in the foregoing embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other equivalent substitutions or variations should also be the scope of the patent application of the present application. Covered.

11‧‧‧First scraping board

111‧‧‧ convex

112‧‧‧ recess

113‧‧‧ harvest front end

114‧‧‧ harvesting inside

115‧‧‧ harvested outside

15‧‧‧ swinging channel

21‧‧‧Second scraping board

211‧‧‧ convex

212‧‧‧ recess

213‧‧‧ harvest front end

214‧‧‧ harvested inside

215‧‧‧ harvested outside

D‧‧‧ harvesting direction

Claims (10)

A ramie fruit harvesting device comprising: a first scraping plate set having a plurality of first scraping plates, at least a portion of the first scraping plate of the first scraping plate set being located on a first harvesting surface The first scraping plate is movable from bottom to top on the first collecting surface; and a second scraping plate group having a plurality of second scraping plates, at least part of the second scraping plate group The second scraping plate is located on a second collecting surface, and the second scraping plates are movable from bottom to top on the second collecting surface, and each of the second scraping plates on the second collecting surface Corresponding to one of the first scraping plates located on the first collecting surface, the corresponding first and second scraping plates are substantially parallel, and a corresponding swing is defined between the corresponding first and second scraping plates The passage is for the castor plant to pass through the oscillating passage in a harvesting direction. The ramie fruit harvesting device of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the oscillating passage is S-shaped or continuous S-shaped. The ramie fruit harvesting device of claim 1, wherein each of the first scraping plates has a plurality of convex portions and a plurality of concave portions, and the convex portions and the concave portions of each of the first scraping plates are interspersed in the harvesting direction. Each of the second scraping plates has a plurality of convex portions and a plurality of concave portions, and the convex portions and the concave portions of each of the second scraping plates are interspersed with each other in the harvesting direction, and each of the second portions on the second collecting surface The convex portion and the concave portion of the scraping plate are respectively corresponding to the concave portion and the convex portion of the corresponding first scraping plate. The ramie fruit harvesting device of claim 1, further comprising a first harvesting chain and a second harvesting chain, wherein the first scraping plates of the first scraping plate set are spaced apart from each other In the first harvesting chain, the second scraping plates of the second scraping plate set are spaced apart from each other in the second collecting chain, and the first and second harvesting chains are respectively used to drive The first and second scraping plates located on the first and second collecting faces move from bottom to top. The ramie fruit harvesting device according to claim 1, wherein each of the first and second scraping plates has a harvesting front end, and in the harvesting direction, the oscillating passage is at a portion corresponding to the front end of the harvesting It is tapered. The ramie fruit harvesting device according to claim 1, wherein each of the first and second scraping plates has a collecting inner side adjacent to the swinging passage and a collecting outer side opposite to the collecting inner side, each of each The first and second scraping plates are inclined from the inside of the harvesting side to the outside thereof. A ramie fruit harvesting machine comprising at least one ramie fruit harvesting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising at least one pair of collecting tracks on both sides of the oscillating passage for collecting The ramie fruit scraped off by the first and second scraping plates. The ramie fruit harvesting machine according to claim 7, further comprising at least one pair of oppositely disposed stalk brushes respectively located below the first and second scraping plate sets, each of the stalk brush having a contact The inner side of the main stem of the castor plant and one away from the outer side of the castor plant, and the inner side of each of the stem brush is higher than the outer side, and the pair of collecting crawlers are respectively adjacent to the outer side of the pair of stem brush. The ramie fruit harvesting machine according to claim 7, further comprising at least one pair of oppositely disposed guiding members respectively located in front of the first and second scraping plate groups, wherein an opening is defined in front of the pair of guiding members, In the harvesting direction, a space between the pair of guiding members that is tapered toward the swinging passage is defined. A ramie fruit harvesting method includes: providing a first scraping plate set and a second scraping plate set, the first scraping plate set having a plurality of first scraping plates, the first scraping plate set At least a portion of the first scraping plate is located on a first collecting surface, the second scraping plate group has a plurality of second scraping plates, and at least a portion of the second scraping plate of the second scraping plate group is located at a On the second collecting surface, each of the second scraping plates on the second collecting surface corresponds to one of the first scraping plates located on the first collecting surface, and the corresponding first and second scraping plates The plates are substantially parallel, and a corresponding oscillating channel is defined between the corresponding first and second scraping plates; The ramie plant is passed through the oscillating passage in a harvesting direction, so that the ramie plant swings back and forth with the contours of the first and second scraping plates, and at the same time, the first and second harvesting surfaces are located. The first and second scraping plates are moved from bottom to top, and at least part of the castor fruits of the castor plants are scraped from the castor plants.