TWI539522B - 隔離構造之形成方法 - Google Patents
隔離構造之形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI539522B TWI539522B TW100140303A TW100140303A TWI539522B TW I539522 B TWI539522 B TW I539522B TW 100140303 A TW100140303 A TW 100140303A TW 100140303 A TW100140303 A TW 100140303A TW I539522 B TWI539522 B TW I539522B
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- Prior art keywords
- cerium oxide
- oxide film
- film
- substrate
- porous
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 title claims description 31
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 102
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 102
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 7
- MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum nitride Chemical compound [Ta]#N MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- -1 polyoxyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 5
- SGVYKUFIHHTIFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylnonane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(C)C SGVYKUFIHHTIFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 4
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N limonene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1CCC(C)=CC1 XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butane Natural products CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- FYGHSUNMUKGBRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1C FYGHSUNMUKGBRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KVNYFPKFSJIPBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1CC KVNYFPKFSJIPBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GXDHCNNESPLIKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylhexane Natural products CCCCC(C)C GXDHCNNESPLIKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(5-carboxythiophen-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound S1C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)S1 DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007810 chemical reaction solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexene Chemical compound C1CCC=CC1 HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N decalin Chemical compound C1CCCC2CCCCC21 NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IIEWJVIFRVWJOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylcyclohexane Chemical compound CCC1CCCCC1 IIEWJVIFRVWJOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine group Chemical group NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1 UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- VIDOPANCAUPXNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC(CC)=C1CC VIDOPANCAUPXNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isooctane Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C)C NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002845 Poly(methacrylic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910008072 Si-N-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 229950005499 carbon tetrachloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012693 ceria precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007766 curtain coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006612 decyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl-hexane Natural products CCCCCC(C)C JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQKXFODBPINZFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxotantalum Chemical compound O=[Ta]=O NQKXFODBPINZFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- POLCUAVZOMRGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl ether Chemical compound CCCOCCC POLCUAVZOMRGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003709 fluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005247 gettering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000449 hafnium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(4+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Hf+4] WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940087305 limonene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000001510 limonene Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cycloheptane Natural products CC1CCCCCC1 GYNNXHKOJHMOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001925 ruthenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004469 siloxy group Chemical group [SiH3]O* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HSSGIFXUHZEEEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(methylsulfonyl)phosphane Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)P(S(C)(=O)=O)S(C)(=O)=O HSSGIFXUHZEEEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vertaline Natural products C1C2C=3C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=3OC(C=C3)=CC=C3CCC(=O)OC1CC1N2CCCC1 PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/76—Making of isolation regions between components
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/76—Making of isolation regions between components
- H01L21/762—Dielectric regions, e.g. EPIC dielectric isolation, LOCOS; Trench refilling techniques, SOI technology, use of channel stoppers
- H01L21/76224—Dielectric regions, e.g. EPIC dielectric isolation, LOCOS; Trench refilling techniques, SOI technology, use of channel stoppers using trench refilling with dielectric materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02112—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer
- H01L21/02123—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon
- H01L21/02126—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon the material containing Si, O, and at least one of H, N, C, F, or other non-metal elements, e.g. SiOC, SiOC:H or SiONC
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02205—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being characterised by the precursor material for deposition
- H01L21/02208—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being characterised by the precursor material for deposition the precursor containing a compound comprising Si
- H01L21/02219—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being characterised by the precursor material for deposition the precursor containing a compound comprising Si the compound comprising silicon and nitrogen
- H01L21/02222—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being characterised by the precursor material for deposition the precursor containing a compound comprising Si the compound comprising silicon and nitrogen the compound being a silazane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02225—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer
- H01L21/0226—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process
- H01L21/02282—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process liquid deposition, e.g. spin-coating, sol-gel techniques, spray coating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02296—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the treatment performed before or after the formation of the layer
- H01L21/02318—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the treatment performed before or after the formation of the layer post-treatment
- H01L21/02321—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the treatment performed before or after the formation of the layer post-treatment introduction of substances into an already existing insulating layer
- H01L21/02323—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the treatment performed before or after the formation of the layer post-treatment introduction of substances into an already existing insulating layer introduction of oxygen
- H01L21/02326—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the treatment performed before or after the formation of the layer post-treatment introduction of substances into an already existing insulating layer introduction of oxygen into a nitride layer, e.g. changing SiN to SiON
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Description
本發明係有關電子裝置中的絕緣膜之形成方法。
一般而言,於半導體裝置之各種電子裝置中,半導體元件,例如電晶體、電阻及其他者係配置於基板上,惟此等需電絕緣。因此,此等元件之間需有隔離元件用的隔離構造。
另一方面,在電子裝置領域中,近年來高密度化及高積體化係持續進展。若此種高密度及高積體化持續進展,則需形成符合所需積體度的細微隔離構造。作為合乎如此需求的新穎隔離構造之一,係可例舉凹槽隔離(trench isolation)構造。此構造係於半導體基板表面形成細微的槽,再於該槽內部填充絕緣物,以將形成於槽兩側的元件之間電性隔離之構造。相較於習知方法,此種元件隔離用構造由於可縮小隔離區域,乃為可有效達成近來所要求之高積體度的元件隔離構造。且,擬將元件以三維方式積層而達高密度化時,亦需於導電性材料層之間設置絕緣層。作為此種絕緣膜係有金屬膜下絕緣膜、金屬配線層間絕緣膜等。
作為用於形成此種隔離構造之方法,既已探討在具槽構造之基板的表面塗布含有氧化物前驅體之組成物,將槽填埋後進行燒製而形成氧化膜之方法(專利文獻1);以含有氧化物前驅體之組成物將基板表面的槽填埋後,進而以高密度電漿CVD埋入絕緣膜之方法(專利文獻2)。此外,亦揭示有在基板表面塗布多孔質二氧化矽前驅體形成多孔質二氧化矽膜,再於其上以CVD進一步形成氧化膜而形成層間絕緣膜之方法(專利文獻3)。
[專利文獻1]日本特開2005-150702號公報
[專利文獻2]日本特開2008-103645號公報
[專利文獻3]日本特開2008-235479號公報
[專利文獻4]日本專利第4408994號公報
[專利文獻5]日本特開2002-075982號公報
[專利文獻6]日本特開2004-331733號公報
[專利文獻7]日本特開2006-188547號公報
[專利文獻8]日本特開2006-316077號公報
[專利文獻9]日本特開平11-116815號公報
然而,當針對近來具有極細微之構造的裝置,以習知隔離構造之形成方法形成絕緣膜時,會有細微之凹槽壁無法充分耐受氧化膜之應力,而容易引起裂痕的產生、基板的變形等問題。
本發明之隔離構造之形成方法其特徵為包含:塗布步驟,係於基板表面塗布含多孔質劑之第1聚矽氮烷組成物而形成塗膜;第1燒製步驟,係對前述塗膜進行燒製,而形成折射率為1.3以下的多孔質二氧化矽質膜;含浸步驟,係使第2聚矽氮烷組成物含浸於前述多孔質二氧化矽質膜中;及第2燒製步驟,對前述多孔質二氧化矽質膜進行燒製,由此形成包含折射率1.4以上之二氧化矽質膜的隔離構造。
根據本發明,可形成收縮率及應力低的隔離構造。根據此種隔離構造,可抑制凹槽隔離構造之裂痕或圖案塌陷、或絕緣膜之膜剝離。
本發明之隔離構造之形成方法可用於形成各種隔離構造。亦即,可用二氧化矽質膜填埋設置於基板表面的凹槽等;亦可用二氧化矽質膜被覆平坦之基板表面、或配置有元件之基板表面。
首先,以用二氧化矽質膜填埋淺凹槽隔離中的凹槽之情況為例,對形成隔離構造之方法參照圖式同時進行說明,如下所述。
(A)塗布步驟
首先準備用於形成淺凹槽隔離構造之槽構造,即具有凹凸之基板1(第1圖(A))。基板之材質並未特別限定,可採用習知任何基板,如矽基板。又,於基板表面形成槽時,可採用任意方法。具體實例係如以下所示之方法。
首先,於矽基板表面,以例如熱氧化法形成二氧化矽質膜。此處所形成之二氧化矽質膜的厚度一般為5~30nm。
視需求,於所形成之二氧化矽質膜上,以例如減壓CVD法形成氮化矽膜。該氮化矽膜可發揮作為隨後蝕刻步驟中的遮罩、或後述研磨步驟中的擋止層(stop layer)的功能。形成氮化矽膜時,其一般形成厚100~400nm。
於如此形成之二氧化矽質膜或氮化矽膜上塗布光阻。視需求使光阻膜乾燥或硬化後,依所要之圖案進行曝光及顯影而形成圖案。曝光方法可由光罩曝光、掃描曝光等任意方法來進行。此外,由解析度等觀點言之,光阻亦可任意選擇而使用。
以所形成之光阻膜作為光罩,對氮化矽膜及位於其下之二氧化矽質膜依序進行蝕刻。藉此作業,氮化矽膜及二氧化矽質膜上便形成有所要之圖案。
以形成有圖案之氮化矽膜及二氧化矽質膜作為遮罩對矽基板進行乾式蝕刻,形成具凹槽隔離槽之基板1(第1圖(A))。
所形成之凹槽隔離槽的寬度係由對光阻膜進行曝光的圖案來決定。半導體元件之凹槽隔離槽的寬度可根據目標半導體元件而適當設定。本發明中,在凹槽隔離槽的槽寬較窄,且深寬比(aspect ratio)較高時顯示出優良特性。即,槽寬a較佳為5~50nm,更佳為5~40nm。又,槽深b對槽寬a之比,即深寬比b/a較佳為10~100,更佳為10~50。
次之,於如此製備之矽基板1上塗布構成二氧化矽質膜之基本構造的材料,即作為前驅體之第1聚矽氮烷組成物而形成塗膜。該組成物可採用溶劑中溶有習知任意聚矽氮烷化合物與多孔質劑者。
本發明所使用之聚矽氮烷化合物並未特別限定,只要未損及本發明之效果則可任意選擇。彼等可為無機化合物或有機化合物之任一種。此等聚矽氮烷當中,作為較佳者可例舉包含下述通式(Ia)~(Ic)所示之單位的組合者。
(式中,m1~m3為表示聚合度的數)
此種聚矽氮烷係稱之為「全氫聚矽氮烷(perhydropolysilazane)」的無機聚矽氮烷化合物。其中,作為特佳者,較佳為苯乙烯換算重量平均分子量為700~30,000者。
另外,作為其他聚矽氮烷之實例,可例舉如主要具有通式:
(式中,R1、R2及R3各自獨立表示氫原子、烷基、烯基、環烷基、環烯基、芳基、芳烷基、或此等基團以外之氟烷基等與矽直接鍵結之基團為碳的基團、烷矽基、烷胺基或烷氧基。惟,R1、R2及R3的至少一者為氫原子,n為表示聚合度的數)所示之骨架之數量平均分子量為約100~50,000的聚矽氮烷或其改性物。此種有機聚矽氮烷除發揮作為二氧化矽質膜之前驅體的功能外,還發揮作為後述多孔質劑的功能。此等聚矽氮烷化合物亦可2種以上組合使用。
此外,本發明所使用之第1聚矽氮烷組成物係含多孔質劑而成。該多孔質劑可在將塗膜乾燥並予以燒製時,使成分的一部分分解、揮散等,而於二氧化矽質膜內部形成空孔。此種多孔質劑並未特別限定,可例舉如下述者:
(a)前述一般式(II)所示之經有機基團取代之聚矽氮烷。根據燒製條件,由於經取代之有機基團在燒製時揮發而於膜內形成空孔,故可發揮作為二氧化矽質膜之原料的作用,並可發揮作為多孔質劑的功能。特佳者可例舉具烷矽基、烷胺基或烷氧基之聚矽氮烷。
(b)聚丙烯酸或聚甲基丙烯酸(專利文獻4及5);
(c)選自包含丙烯酸酯及甲基丙烯酸酯之同元聚合物及共聚物之群組,且側基的至少一部分含有羧基或羥基之有機樹脂(專利文獻6);
(d)含有矽烷氧基(siloxy)之聚合物。例如含有矽烷氧基之聚環氧乙烷化合物、或包含其作為單體單位之共聚物(專利文獻7及8)。
此等當中,全氫聚矽氮烷的一部分氫由胺基取代之聚胺基矽氮烷係特佳之多孔質劑。其中特佳者為具有以下式(III)之構造之數量平均分子量為約800以下的聚胺基矽氮烷。
(式中,Ra及Rb為經氫原子或烴基取代之胺基,Ra及Rb非同時為氫,Rc為氫原子或烴基,當前述Ra、Rb或Rc含烴基時,該烴基各自獨立為脂肪族烴基或芳香族烴基,較佳為選自包含烷基、烯基、環烷基、環烯基、芳基、及芳烷基之群組者,烴基所含之碳數一般為20以下,較佳為10以下,此等當中,特佳之烴基為碳數1~8,特別是碳數1~4之烷基,p為重複單位數)本發明所使用之第1聚矽氮烷組成物係含可溶解前述聚矽氮烷化合物及多孔質劑之溶劑而成。此處所採用之溶劑不同於前述浸漬用溶液中所採用之溶劑。作為此種溶媒,只要是可溶解前述各成分者則未特別限定,較佳之溶劑的具體實例可例舉如下:(a)芳香族化合物,例如苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙基苯、二乙基苯、三甲基苯、三乙基苯等;(b)飽和烴化合物,例如正戊烷、異戊烷、正己烷、異己烷、正庚烷、異庚烷、正辛烷、異辛烷、正壬烷、異壬烷、正癸烷、異癸烷等;(c)脂環式烴化合物,例如乙基環己烷、甲基環己烷、環己烷、環己烯、對薄荷烷、十氫萘、雙戊烯、檸檬酸(limonene)等;(d)醚類,例如二丙醚、二丁醚、二乙醚、甲基三級丁醚(以下稱為「MTBE」)、苯甲醚等;及(e)酮類,例如甲基異丁基酮(以下稱為「MIBK」)等。此等當中,較佳為(b)飽和烴化合物、(c)脂環式烴化合物、(d)醚類及(e)酮類。
此等溶劑亦可適當混合2種以上使用,以便調整溶劑之蒸發速度、降低對人體之有害性、或調整各成分之溶解性。
本發明所使用之第1聚矽氮烷組成物可視需求含有其他添加劑成分。作為此種成分,可例舉如可促進聚矽氮烷之交聯反應的交聯促進劑等、轉化為二氧化矽之反應的觸媒、供調整組成物之黏度的黏度調整劑等。又,當用於半導體裝置時,以鈉的吸氣(gettering)效果等為目的,亦可含有磷化合物,例如叁(三甲矽基)膦等。
再者,前述各成分的含量可根據塗布條件、燒製條件等而變化。惟,聚矽氮烷化合物的含有率以聚矽氮烷組成物的總重量為基準,較佳為1~30%,更佳為2~20%。然而,聚矽氮烷組成物所含之聚矽氮烷的濃度並不在此限,只要可於本發明中形成指定之隔離構造,則能使用任意濃度的聚矽氮烷組成物。此外,多孔質劑的含量係因其種類等而變化,但以聚矽氮烷組成物的總重量為基準,較佳為40~90重量%,更佳為50~90重量%。另外透過調整該多孔質劑與聚矽氮烷化合物的摻混比,還可調整後述二氧化矽質膜的折射率。
第1聚矽氮烷組成物可由任意方法塗布於基板上。具體上可例舉旋轉塗布、簾幕式塗布、浸漬塗布及其他。此等中,由塗膜面之均勻性等觀點言之,特佳為旋轉塗布。所塗布之塗膜的厚度,即基板表面無槽部分處之塗膜的厚度較佳為20~150nm,更佳為30~100nm。該塗膜的厚度若過厚,便會損及膜厚之均勻性,另一方面膜厚若過薄,則填充於槽內的聚矽氮烷組成物不足而導致凹槽的側壁傾倒、或無法形成膜厚夠厚的二氧化矽質膜,因此需注意。藉此塗布步驟,凹槽內便填充有第1聚矽氮烷組成物2(第1圖(B))。
(B)第1燒製步驟
塗布步驟後對塗膜進行燒製,使塗膜整體轉化為二氧化矽質膜。燒製係以利用硬化爐、加熱板,在含水蒸氣的惰性氣體或氧氣環境下進行為佳;藉此燒製,塗膜便轉化為多孔質二氧化矽質膜。水蒸氣在含有矽之化合物或含有矽之聚合物同時存在時,對聚矽氮烷化合物充分轉化為二氧化矽甚為重要,其較佳為1%以上,更佳為10%以上,最佳為20%以上。特別是水蒸氣濃度為20%以上時,容易進行矽氮烷化合物向二氧化矽質膜的轉化,空孔(void)等缺陷的產生較少,二氧化矽質膜之特性得以改善而較佳。當使用惰性氣體作為氣體環境之氣體時,係使用氮氣、氬氣或氦氣等。
用於令其硬化的溫度條件係因所使用之聚矽氮烷組成物的種類、步驟的組合方式而變化。然而,溫度較高有含有矽之化合物、含有矽之聚合物、及聚矽氮烷化合物轉化為二氧化矽質膜的速度加快之趨勢;而溫度較低則有矽基板氧化或結晶構造變化對裝置特性造成的不良影響減小之趨勢。由此種觀點而言,本發明方法中一般係於200~1000℃,較佳於400~900℃下進行燒製。於此,至目標溫度為止的升溫時間一般為1~100℃/分鐘,到達目標溫度後的硬化時間一般為1分鐘~10小時,較佳為15分鐘~3小時。還可視需求階段性地改變燒製溫度或燒製氣體環境的組成。
又可視需求進一步進行追加加熱;該追加加熱係使燒製得以進一步進行所施行者。由於係透過第1燒製使反應進行,追加加熱亦可於不含水蒸氣之氣體環境,諸如氮氣、氬氣等惰性氣體環境下進行。又,一般可於高於第1燒製之溫度下進行,通常於1000℃以下進行。
該燒製步驟中,多孔質劑所含之揮發成分係由塗膜內揮發或昇華。由此,二氧化矽質膜內部便形成有空孔3,而形成多孔質二氧化矽質膜4(第1圖(C))。此種二氧化矽質膜具折射率較低之特徵,本發明中第1燒製步驟後之二氧化矽質膜的折射率為1.35以下,較佳為1.3以下。於此,折射率可由M-44型分光橢圓偏光計(商品名,J.A. Woollam公司製)來測定。
(C)含浸步驟
次之,使第2聚矽氮烷組成物含浸於所得之多孔質膜中。於此,所使用之第2聚矽氮烷組成物為含聚矽氮烷化合物而不含多孔質劑之組成物。該組成物所使用之聚矽氮烷化合物、溶劑及其他添加劑等係以未含有多孔質劑之外,使用與第1聚矽氮烷相同之成分為佳。使用此種材料,便有第2聚矽氮烷組成物所衍生之二氧化矽質材料與多孔質二氧化矽質膜的親和性得以提升、裂痕或基板的變形得以改善之趨勢。
此外,第2聚矽氮烷組成物所含之各成分的含量係以選自第1聚矽氮烷組成物中所記載之範圍為佳。惟,由於需使組成物含浸於細微空孔中,故一般係以低黏度為佳。
使多孔質二氧化矽質膜含浸於第2聚矽氮烷組成物之方法並未特別限定,可採用任意方法。例如亦可將多孔質二氧化矽質膜浸漬於第2聚矽氮烷組成物中、或於多孔質二氧化矽質膜表面以旋轉塗布、刷毛塗布等方法塗布第2聚矽氮烷組成物。此外,第2聚矽氮烷組成物之聚矽氮烷化合物的含量可依據塗布方法等而適當調整。舉例來說,以浸漬(法)進行含浸時,或以旋轉塗布(法)進行含浸時,聚矽氮烷化合物的含有率以聚矽氮烷組成物的總重量為基準,較佳為3~18%,更佳為5~16%。且,當採用旋轉塗布時,塗布條件較佳設為500~3,000rpm,更佳設為700~2,000rpm。另外就第2聚矽氮烷組成物的濃度而言,由於需令其含浸於所形成的多孔質二氧化矽質膜中,故以低黏度為佳,另一方面在含浸後為保持於二氧化矽質膜中所存在的空孔或空隙等,則以高黏度為佳。因此,相較於第1聚矽氮烷組成物,其適當濃度範圍較窄。
依此種方法使第2聚矽氮烷組成物與基板表面接觸,便可令其含浸於多孔質二氧化矽質膜中。即,特定成分由二氧化矽質膜內揮發時可形成空孔,因此在大部分的空孔與基板表面之間會存有連續的路徑。由此,塗布於基板表面之組成物便通過該路徑而流入空孔內(第1圖(D))。此時,可視需求放置至含浸結束為止,惟通常含浸係立即結束,因此毋需特別放置。
(D)第2燒製步驟
第2聚矽氮烷組成物流入空孔內後,進一步進行燒製,由此二氧化矽質材料5便形成於空孔內。藉此燒製,多孔質二氧化矽質膜之空孔即填充有二氧化矽質材料,而形成最終的二氧化矽質膜(絕緣膜)6。燒製基本上能以與第1燒製步驟同樣的條件來進行。
此外,第1燒製步驟及第2燒製步驟當中,至少其中之一需於含水蒸氣之惰性氣體或氧氣環境下進行,惟以第1燒製步驟及第2燒製步驟兩者皆於含水蒸氣之惰性氣體或氧氣環境下進行為佳。
第2燒製後之二氧化矽質膜6因於空孔內填充有二氧化矽質材料5,故其折射率高於第1燒製步驟後之多孔質二氧化矽質膜。具體而言,最終的二氧化矽質膜的折射率為1.4以上,較佳為1.42以上。
再者,第1燒製後之多孔質二氧化矽質膜與第2燒製後之二氧化矽質膜的折射率差較佳為0.05以上,更佳為0.12以上。
如此所得之本發明淺凹槽隔離構造具收縮率低、槽部附近的拉伸應力降低且物理強度高之特徵。此種特徵茲認為可藉此達成:首先以收縮率相對較低的二氧化矽質膜填埋凹槽等至一定比例,其後再以收縮率相對較高的二氧化矽質膜完全填埋之,由此降低填充於凹槽等之收縮率較高的二氧化矽質膜的比例。
本發明之隔離構造之形成方法中前述步驟(A)~(D)係不可或缺,惟亦可視需求組合下述輔助步驟。
(a)溶劑去除步驟
可於塗布步驟後或含浸步驟後、燒製前對塗布有聚矽氮烷組成物的基板實施預烘烤處理。此步驟之目的在於去除塗膜中所含之溶劑的至少一部分。
通常,溶劑去除步驟可採用以實質上一定之溫度加熱之方法。此時,應以實質上未引起聚矽氮烷的氧化或聚合反應之條件進行溶劑的去除。因此,溶劑去除步驟中的溫度通常處於50~250℃,較佳處於80~200℃之範圍內。溶劑去除步驟的所需時間一般為0.5~10分鐘,較佳為1~5分鐘。
(b)研磨步驟
進行燒製後,較佳去除所形成之二氧化矽質膜中不要的部分。為此,係首先經由研磨步驟,保留形成於基板上之槽部內側的二氧化矽質膜,並以研磨去除形成於基板表面之平坦部上的二氧化矽質膜。此步驟即為研磨步驟。此研磨步驟係於硬化處理後進行,此外若與預烘烤步驟組合時,亦可於預烘烤後隨即進行。
研磨一般係以CMP來進行。利用該CMP之研磨可由一般的研磨劑及研磨裝置來進行。具體而言,作為研磨劑可使用分散有二氧化矽、氧化鋁、或氧化鈰等研磨材、與視需求而添加的其他添加劑的水溶液等;作為研磨裝置可利用一般市售的CMP裝置。
(c)蝕刻步驟
於前述研磨步驟中,業已大部分去除形成於基板表面之平坦部上的聚矽氮烷組成物所衍生的二氧化矽質膜,而為去除殘留於基板表面之平坦部的二氧化矽質膜,則以進一步進行蝕刻處理為佳。蝕刻處理一般係採用蝕刻液,作為蝕刻液只要可去除二氧化矽質膜則未特別限定,通常係使用含有氟化銨的氫氟酸水溶液。該水溶液的氟化銨濃度較佳為5%以上,更佳為30%以上。
以上,業已針對形成淺凹槽隔離的情況說明本發明之隔離構造之形成方法。然而,該方法對金屬膜下絕緣膜、金屬配線層間絕緣膜亦同樣適用。此時,作為基板係使用平坦半導體基板、表面形成有元件之基板。此外,由元件之耐熱性等觀點而言,則亦有時需調整溫度條件等。
利用各實例對本發明進行說明,則如下所述:
調製例1 多孔質劑的調製
取反應溶劑二甲苯至小型壓力容器中並予以密閉。於該反應溶劑中添加四氯矽烷200.0g(1.18mol)後,一面攪拌一面以100分鐘注入甲胺291.6g(9.38mol),得作為多孔質劑之聚胺基矽氮烷。所得之聚合物的重量平均分子量為555。
調製例2 全氫聚矽氮烷的調製
首先依據專利文獻9所述之方法,如下述合成全氫聚矽氮烷。
對內容積2升之四口燒瓶裝配氣體吹入管、機械攪拌器、杜而冷凝器(Dewar condenser)。於反應器內部以乾燥氮氣進行置換後,向四口燒瓶倒入乾燥吡啶1500mL並以冰冷卻之。次之添加二氯矽烷100g,即生成白色固體狀加合物(SiH2Cl2‧2C5H5N)。以冰冷卻反應混合物,一面攪拌一面吹入氨氣70g。接著將乾燥氮氣吹入液層中30分鐘,以去除剩餘的氨氣。
利用布氏漏斗在乾燥氮氣環境下減壓過濾所得之生成物,得濾液1200mL。利用蒸發器蒸餾去除吡啶後,得40g之全氫聚矽氮烷。以GPC(展開液:CDCl3)測定所得之全氫聚矽氮烷的數量平均分子量的結果,換算成苯乙烯為800。測定其IR光譜的結果,經確認顯示出波數(cm-1)3350cm-1及1200cm-1附近之來自N-H的吸收、2170cm-1之來自Si-H的吸收、及1020~820cm-1之來自Si-N-Si的吸收。
實施例1
混合調製例1中所得之多孔質劑、與含20重量%之全氫聚矽氮烷的二丁醚溶液使固體含量的重量比達85:15,來調製第1聚矽氮烷組成物。於基板上旋轉塗布該組成物,並以150℃乾燥3分鐘。進一步在以8L/分的流速流通氧氣與水蒸氣的混合氣體(H2O/(O2+H2O)=80莫耳%)的氣體環境下,以400℃、30分鐘進行第1燒製。進一步於氮氣環境下,以850℃、30分鐘進行追加加熱,即得多孔質二氧化矽質膜。該多孔質二氧化矽質膜的折射率為1.27。
次之,於該多孔質二氧化矽質膜表面旋轉塗布第2聚矽氮烷組成物,進一步以與第1燒製步驟相同的加熱條件進行第2燒製,即得二氧化矽質膜(絕緣膜),其中該第2聚矽氮烷組成物係於二丁醚溶液中溶有調製例2中所調製之全氫聚矽氮烷達10重量%之濃度。該二氧化矽質膜的折射率為1.43。
比較例1
於基板表面旋轉塗布10重量%之含全氫聚矽氮烷的二丁醚溶液(Spinfi1450(商品名),AZ Electronic Materials股份有限公司製)並將其乾燥後,以與實施例1之第1燒製相同的條件進行燒製,得比較用之二氧化矽質膜。
剖面觀察
對實施例1及實施例1之含浸步驟前的多孔質二氧化矽質膜的剖面以掃描式電子顯微鏡進行觀察。含浸步驟前的膜的剖面可辨認出多數空孔,而經確認為多孔質。另一方面,實施例1之二氧化矽質膜的剖面幾近無法辨認出空孔,經確認為空孔填充有二氧化矽質材料的緻密膜。
物性及電特性的評定
測定實施例1及比較例1、以及實施例1之含浸步驟前的多孔質二氧化矽質膜的拉伸應力及收縮率。各評定係如下進行。
(a)收縮率
由M-44型分光橢圓偏光計(商品名,J.A. Woollam公司製)測定燒製前後之膜厚,求取收縮率。
(b)拉伸應力
將直徑10.16cm、厚0.5mm之矽晶圓的彎度輸入FLX-2320型雷射內部應力量測儀(商品名,KLA-Tencor公司製)內。進一步在該矽晶圓上,以與各例同樣的方法形成二氧化矽質膜,並利用前述雷射內部應力儀量測23℃下的拉伸應力。此外,量測拉伸應力所需之膜厚係利用M-44型分光橢圓偏光計(商品名,J.A. Woollam公司製)來量測。
所得之結果係如表1所示。
[表1]二氧化矽質膜之特性值
由本發明方法所製造之實施例1二氧化矽質膜相較於比較例1二氧化矽質膜,收縮率較低且拉伸應力較小。二氧化矽質膜中的裂痕、基板的變形茲認為其主因為製造時,特別是燒製過程中所引起的膜的收縮、或膜中所產生的拉伸應力,而透過二氧化矽質膜之收縮率及應力的降低效果,便可改善裂痕、基板的變形。又,當針對形成有寬度較小之凹槽的基板,以與實施例1及比較例1同樣的方法形成二氧化矽質膜時,相對於比較例1之二氧化矽質膜中產生裂痕,實施例1之二氧化矽質膜則可避免裂痕的產生。
比較例2
混合調製例1中所得之多孔質劑、與含20重量%之全氫聚矽氮烷的二丁醚溶液使固體含量的重量比達30:70,來調製第1聚矽氮烷組成物。利用該組成物,以與實施例1同樣的條件製得多孔質二氧化矽質膜。該二氧化矽質膜的折射率為1.42,且收縮率為22%,此值係高於比較例1。又,該二氧化矽質膜中可確認產生裂痕。茲認為此係因多孔質劑的摻混量較少所致。
比較例3
除將第1燒製之氣體環境改為乾燥氧氣環境以外,以與實施例1同樣的方式來形成二氧化矽質膜。所得之二氧化矽質膜可觀察到裂痕。茲認為此係因第1燒製及第2燒製均未於水蒸氣環境下進行之故。
實施例2
混合調製例1中所得之多孔質劑、與含20重量%之全氫聚矽氮烷的二丁醚溶液使固體含量的重量比達50:50,來調製第1聚矽氮烷組成物。利用該組成物,以與實施例1同樣的條件進行燒製後,製得折射率1.30的多孔質二氧化矽質膜。進一步與實施例1同樣地塗布第2聚矽氮烷組成物並進行燒製,即得二氧化矽質膜(絕緣膜)。所得之二氧化矽質膜的折射率為1.44,拉伸應力為7.3MPa,收縮率為22%。可確認該二氧化矽質膜中並未產生裂痕。
實施例3
混合調製例1中所得之多孔質劑、與含20重量%之全氫聚矽氮烷的二丁醚溶液使固體含量的重量比達90:10,來調製第1聚矽氮烷組成物。利用該組成物,以與實施例1同樣的條件進行燒製後,製得折射率1.22的多孔質二氧化矽質膜。進一步與實施例1同樣地塗布第2聚矽氮烷組成物並進行燒製,即得二氧化矽質膜(絕緣膜)。所得之二氧化矽質膜的折射率為1.44,拉伸應力為-15.1MPa,收縮率為14.1%。可確認該二氧化矽質膜中並未產生裂痕。
除將第2聚矽氮烷組成物的全氫聚矽氮烷濃度改為15重量%以外,以與實施例1同樣的方式製得二氧化矽質膜(絕緣膜)。所得之二氧化矽質膜的折射率為1.43,拉伸應力為-12.9MPa,收縮率為15.6%。可確認該二氧化矽質膜中並未產生裂痕。
1...基板
2...第1聚矽氮烷組成物
3...空孔
4...多孔質二氧化矽質膜
5...二氧化矽質材料
6...二氧化矽質膜(絕緣膜)
第1圖係表示本發明之隔離構造之形成方法的示意圖。
1...基板
2...第1聚矽氮烷組成物
3...空孔
4...多孔質二氧化矽質膜
5...二氧化矽質材料
6...二氧化矽質膜(絕緣膜)
Claims (8)
- 一種隔離構造之形成方法,其特徵為包含以下步驟而成:塗布步驟,係於基板表面塗布含多孔質劑之第1聚矽氮烷組成物而形成塗膜;第1燒製步驟,係對前述塗膜進行燒製,而形成折射率為1.35以下的多孔質二氧化矽質膜;含浸步驟,係使第2聚矽氮烷組成物含浸於前述多孔質二氧化矽質膜中;及第2燒製步驟,對前述多孔質二氧化矽質膜進行燒製,由此形成包含折射率1.4以上之二氧化矽質膜的隔離構造;前述第1燒製步驟或第2燒製步驟的至少其中之一係於含水蒸氣之惰性氣體或氧氣環境下進行。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中前述第1聚矽氮烷組成物及前述第2聚矽氮烷組成物係含全氫聚矽氮烷。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中前述多孔質劑為聚胺基矽氮烷。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中前述第1燒製步驟或第2燒製步驟兩者皆於含水蒸氣之惰性氣體或氧氣環境下進行。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中前述第1燒製步驟或第2燒製步驟的至少其中之一係於200~1000℃下進行。
- 如申請專利範圍第1至5項中任一項之方法,其中前述基板係具有基板表面凹凸,其凹部形成包含二氧化矽質膜之隔離構造,而形成淺凹槽隔離構造。
- 一種絕緣膜,其特徵為由如申請專利範圍第1至5項中任一項之方法所形成。
- 一種基板,其特徵為具備如申請專利範圍第1至5項中任一項之方法所形成之隔離構造。
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