TWI529957B - 太陽能電池元件之製造方法 - Google Patents
太陽能電池元件之製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI529957B TWI529957B TW103102517A TW103102517A TWI529957B TW I529957 B TWI529957 B TW I529957B TW 103102517 A TW103102517 A TW 103102517A TW 103102517 A TW103102517 A TW 103102517A TW I529957 B TWI529957 B TW I529957B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- solar cell
- manufacturing
- injection molding
- group
- substrate
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- MARUHZGHZWCEQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenyl-2h-tetrazole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NNN=N1 MARUHZGHZWCEQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KTSFMFGEAAANTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Se].[Se].[In] Chemical compound [Cu].[Se].[Se].[In] KTSFMFGEAAANTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- AKUCEXGLFUSJCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(3+);selenium(2-) Chemical compound [Se-2].[Se-2].[Se-2].[In+3].[In+3] AKUCEXGLFUSJCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002098 polyfluorene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- JNKJTXHDWHQVDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassiotellanylpotassium Chemical compound [K][Te][K] JNKJTXHDWHQVDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000357293 Leptobrama muelleri Species 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000307 polymer substrate Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 70
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 210000003850 cellular structure Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 5
- -1 solar cell array Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- CBECDWUDYQOTSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylbut-3-enal Chemical compound CCC(C=C)C=O CBECDWUDYQOTSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- JTHNLKXLWOXOQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propyl vinyl ketone Natural products CCCC(=O)C=C JTHNLKXLWOXOQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/1804—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof comprising only elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
- H01L31/182—Special manufacturing methods for polycrystalline Si, e.g. Si ribbon, poly Si ingots, thin films of polycrystalline Si
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
- B29C45/14819—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the inserts being completely encapsulated
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/0488—Double glass encapsulation, e.g. photovoltaic cells arranged between front and rear glass sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
- B29C2045/1486—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations
- B29C2045/14942—Floating inserts, e.g. injecting simultaneously onto both sides of an insert through a pair of opposed gates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/542—Dye sensitized solar cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/546—Polycrystalline silicon PV cells
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Description
本發明係關於一種太陽能電池元件之製造方法,特別是一種以熱注塑法取代層壓法之太陽能電池元件的製造方法。
太陽能電池具有環保、節能的功效,已漸漸廣泛使用於日常生活中。太陽能電池大多由單晶矽或多晶矽材料製成,由於其薄而脆,不能經受較大力的撞擊,且太陽能電池的電極不能長期裸露使用及單一太陽能電池的工作電壓低等原因,需將多個單一太陽能電池片以串、並聯連接,並嚴密封裝成太陽能電池元件,才能使之成為一個能獨立作為電源使用的單元。
現有的太陽能電池元件的製造方法大多相同,其包括使用如銅箔的導電材所構成的連接片,以將多個太陽能電池片以不連續的串接方式,串焊成一排電池片組;將多排電池片組並排以形成太陽能電池片陣列;自下而上將前基板,如玻璃、封裝材料、太陽能電池片陣列、封裝材料及背基板,如複合氟塑料膜(TPT)疊合在一起並放入真空層壓機(laminator)內;以真空層壓法將層壓機的下腔室抽真空,再加壓加熱,將玻璃基板/封裝材料/太陽能電池片陣列/封裝材料/背基板熱壓合為一體,成型後取出;然後再加裝金屬製的外框,以製成太陽能電池組件。
習知的層壓法是利用加熱、加壓的方式將元件一體化,但是在加
壓的過程中容易造成太陽能電池片的變形、破損及隱裂。此外,在層壓製程中,乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯之封裝材料會因為置放於約120℃以上的加熱環境產生軟化現象,而導致平行排列整齊的太陽能電池片陣列產生重疊,造成元件功率不佳。再者,目前常用於太陽能電池元件中的透明鋼化玻璃基板的厚度通常大於約3.2毫米以上,且鋼化製程後的基板表面平整度常不佳,如利用兩片此種鋼化玻璃以層壓法製作太陽能電池元件時,除了容易因為玻璃本身的重量外,還會因為玻璃表面的平整度度不佳,而造成疊層時厚度僅有約180微米至約200微米的電池片產生破裂。因此,習知的層壓法不適合使用透明的玻璃背基板來封裝,更不適用於大尺寸的太陽能電池封裝。另外,使用層壓法在鋪設封裝材料時多由人工進行,由於人工作業的不精確,容易產生氣泡,使得產品的一致性較差,品質不穩定,還會發生浪費材料、環境污染等情況,且以人工作業的生產效率不佳。
此外,大尺寸太陽能電池,通常是指組件面積大於約1平方米以上的太陽能電池的需求日益增加。有鑒於此,本發明即針對前述問題所為的研發成果。本案發明人發現使用熱注塑法來取代層壓法,搭配使用特定的設備及封裝材料,可避免人工作業產生的誤差,大幅提升製程的生產效率,有效降低太陽能電池片的微隱烈發生的不良率,並提高太陽能電池元件的壽命,適合用於製造大尺寸且薄型化的太陽能電池,以符合現今需求。
因此,本發明之主要目的在於提供一種產品一致性高、品質穩定且壽命較長之太陽能電池元件的製造方法。
本發明方法係使用熱注塑法取代習知的層壓法來進行封裝,特別適合用於製造大尺寸的太陽能電池。使用本發明之技術方案後,所得太陽能電池元件中之太陽能電池片的破損率大幅下降,太陽能電池
元件的電性能也提高,從而延長使用壽命。此外,本發明使用熱注塑法及特定的封裝材料,通過自動化的注塑模具以將太陽能電池片密封包覆於封裝材料內,由於使用自動化的機器生產,產品的一致性較好,產品品質穩定,且大幅提高生產效率,封裝成本較低,使產品更具市場競爭力。
10‧‧‧注塑模具
12‧‧‧澆道
14‧‧‧澆口
16a‧‧‧鑄模
16b‧‧‧鑄模
18‧‧‧注塑材料
20‧‧‧太陽能電池片
圖1A及圖1B顯示適合用於本發明方法中之注塑模具。
於本文中,除非特別限定,單數形「一」及「該」亦包括其複數形。本文中任何和所有實施例及例示性用語(「例如」及「如」)目的僅為了更加突顯本發明,並非針對本發明的範圍構成限制,本案說明書中的用語不應被視為暗示任何未請求的組件可構成實施本發明時之必要組件。
本發明太陽能電池元件之製造方法包括以下步驟:將複數個以連接片相互連接的太陽能電池片放置於具有複數個鑄模的注塑模具內,使得該複數個太陽能電池片分別位於該複數個鑄模中;在加熱條件下,將注塑材料注入該複數個鑄模內,以將該複數個太陽能電池片密封包覆於該注塑材料中,其中該注塑材料係選自由乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯、聚矽氧及聚乙烯醇縮丁醛(PVB)所組成之群組;自該注塑模具取出經密封包覆之複數個太陽能電池片;及將基板及背板分別貼合至該經密封包覆之複數個太陽能電池片的兩側。
本發明方法另包含在注入注塑材料之前,或在取出經密封包覆的複數個太陽能電池片之後,以連接線將多個由複數個太陽能電池片所形成之太陽能電池片串連接。
以下,利用本發明的較佳實施態樣來說明本發明。
在本發明中,注塑模具及鑄模的形狀及尺寸是本發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者可基於本發明所例示者所輕易瞭解及變化者,較佳是配合太陽能電池片的形狀及尺寸而定,且可由如熱塑性塑膠、熱固性塑膠或金屬等材料所製成。在本發明中,注塑模具佳是固定在水準或垂直位置。
圖1A及圖1B顯示適合用於本發明方法中的注塑模具。
如圖1A所示,本發明的注塑模具10具有用於注入的澆道(runner)12、澆口(gate)14及鑄模16a與16b,其中鑄模16a是用於放置太陽能電池片20,而鑄模16b是用於放置使太陽能電池片20相互連接的連接片(未顯於於圖中)。該注塑模具10另包括加熱、冷卻及頂出裝置(皆未顯示於圖中),以利太陽能電池片20的成型及冷卻脫模。
如圖1B所示,本發明方法中的注塑步驟包含將裝有太陽能電池片的模具10合起,並固定在垂直位置。在加熱條件下,將注塑材料18經由澆道及澆口注入以充滿鑄模,保持在約1大氣壓之壓力下以彌補材料收縮,充分冷卻至室溫,可使用如水等材料作為冷卻劑來冷卻模具,再將模具打開即可頂出完成品。
在本發明方法的注塑步驟中,加熱條件包括兩個加熱階段,第一階段為低溫注塑製程,及第二階段為高溫交聯製程。在本發明中,低溫注塑製程的溫度範圍為約70℃至約130℃,較佳為約100℃至約120℃,而高溫交聯製程的溫度範圍為約120℃至約200℃,較佳為約140℃至約180℃。
在本發明之一實施態樣中,注塑步驟是在振動條件下進行。振動條件係選自由機械振動、聲波振動、超聲波振動及電磁振動所組成之群組,較佳是使用超聲波振動熱注塑。振動條件是藉助外加力場,使注塑材料塑化更加完全且流動性增加,有較低的充模黏度,降低注塑
壓力,降低注入速度,減少所形成的內應力,且容易排除氣體,有利於注塑材料包覆太陽能電池片,以提高產品品質,並延長注塑機使用壽命。
在本發明方法中所使用的太陽能電池片係本發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者所習知者。在本發明之一實施態樣中,太陽能電池片係選自由單晶矽太陽能電池片、多晶矽太陽能電池片、非晶矽太陽能電池片、鉮化鉀太陽能電池片、碲化鎘太陽能電池片、銅銦硒太陽能電池片、銅銦鎵硒太陽能電池片及染料敏化太陽能電池片所組成之群組。而各電池片組之間是由連接線串、並聯彙集到引線端。
本發明方法係使用選自由乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯(EVA)、聚矽氧及聚乙烯醇縮丁醛(PVB)所組成之群組的封裝材料,以將太陽能電池片藉由注塑材料密封包覆在基板及背板的中間。這些材料具有阻隔水氣及加溫交聯後仍可透光等優點,適合用於本發明方法的注塑製程中作為注塑材料,且相對於丙烯-苯乙烯共聚物(AS)、聚苯乙烯(PS)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚碳酸酯(PC)及聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)等一般塑膠具有抗水汽能力強、透光性高、電氣的絕緣性佳、可耐酸鹼溶液以及成型後具有一定的剛性等優點,特別適合用於製作大尺寸的太陽能電池,例如元件面積大於約1平方米以上的太陽能電池。在本發明方法中所使用的基板及背板是本發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者所習知者,其獨立例如但不限於由玻璃、高分子、塑膠、不銹鋼、鋁及複合材料所製得。在本發明之一實施態樣中,基板為玻璃基板,而背板為玻璃背板或高分子背板。
本發明方法在貼合基板及背板之前,可另包括以側面密封材料封裝太陽能電池之步驟,其中側面密封材料例如但不限於選自由有機矽膠及丁基膠密封條所組成之群組。
本發明方法利用熱注塑法來取代習知的層壓法來進行太陽能電池
的封裝,不僅可減少太陽能電池片因加壓可能造成的破損及隱裂,且以自動化生產可避免製程污染,產品的一致性較好,產品品質穩定,且提高了太陽能電池元件的生產效率、電性能及壽命,且特別適合用於製造大尺寸的太陽能電池元件。當製作可彎曲的太陽能電池組件時,也能避免電池片的變形或破裂。另外,本發明的製造方法能夠使用透光率較佳的玻璃作為背板,以製得大尺寸的太陽能電池,以有效提升電池片的效率,且應用範圍更廣。
本發明一個或一個以上實施例的細節將於以下描述中予以闡述。根據這些描述及權利要求書,將可容易地瞭解本發明的其他特徵、目的及優勢。
實施例
以連接片將複數個多晶矽太陽能電池片串焊成太陽能電池片串。將太陽能電池片串放置於具有複數個鑄模的注塑模具內,使得複數個太陽能電池片及連接片分別位於鑄模中。將注塑模具水準放置於超聲波震盪機中,保持在約1大氣壓之壓力下,將注塑模具加溫至約80°至100℃,將乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯注入複數個鑄模內,維持約5至10分鐘,然後加溫至約130至150℃維持約3至5分鐘,使得乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯產生熔融黏接及交聯固化,固化後的乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯變成完全透明,具有相當高的透光性,以將太陽能電池片密封包覆起來。接著,將注塑模具放置於水中以充分冷卻後,自注塑模具取出經密封包覆的太陽能電池片串。然後,以連接線將複數個太陽能電池片串連接在一起,再將玻璃基板及玻璃背板分別貼合至經密封包覆的複數個太陽能電池片的兩側,再加裝金屬邊框,以製得太陽能電池組件。
本發明方法是利用熱注塑方式,先將電池片一片一片分別以注塑材料包覆起,不僅可以避免習知層壓製程中,因上下兩面壓力因素而導致電池片受外力產生破裂,同時也可以避免元件製程中,連接片及
連接線與電池片的電極接面因外拉扯而造成斷裂或分離的狀況,並且也能消除層壓製程時,容易產生氣泡的現象。
雖然已參考說明性實施例描述了本發明,但應理解,所屬領域的技術人員可易於實現的任何修改或更改將屬於本說明書及所附權利要求書的揭示內容的範圍內。
10‧‧‧注塑模具
18‧‧‧注塑材料
Claims (12)
- 一種太陽能電池元件之製造方法,其包括以下步驟:將複數個以連接片相互連接的太陽能電池片放置於具有複數個鑄模的注塑模具內,使得該複數個太陽能電池片分別位於該複數個鑄模中;在加熱條件下,將注塑材料注入該複數個鑄模內,以將該複數個太陽能電池片密封包覆於該注塑材料中,其中該注塑材料係選自由乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯、聚矽氧及聚乙烯醇縮丁醛所組成之群組;自該注塑模具取出經密封包覆之複數個太陽能電池片;及將基板及背板分別貼合至該經密封包覆之複數個太陽能電池片的兩側。
- 如請求項1之製造方法,其中該注塑模具係固定在水平或垂直位置。
- 如請求項1之製造方法,其中該加熱條件包括兩個加熱階段,第一階段為低溫注塑製程,及第二階段為高溫交聯製程。
- 如請求項3之製造方法,其中該低溫注塑製程的溫度範圍為約70℃至約130℃,及該高溫交聯製程的溫度範圍為約120℃至約200℃。
- 如請求項4之製造方法,其中該低溫注塑製程的溫度範圍為約100℃至約120℃,及該高溫交聯製程的溫度範圍為約140℃至約180℃。
- 如請求項1之製造方法,其中將該注塑材料注入該複數個鑄模內之步驟係在振動條件下進行。
- 如請求項6之製造方法,其中該振動條件係選自由機械振動、聲 波振動、超聲波振動及電磁振動所組成之群組。
- 如請求項1之製造方法,其中該太陽能電池片係選自由單晶矽太陽能電池片、多晶矽太陽能電池片、非晶矽太陽能電池片、鉮化鉀太陽能電池片、碲化鎘太陽能電池片、銅銦硒太陽能電池片、銅銦鎵硒太陽能電池片及染料敏化太陽能電池片所組成之群組。
- 如請求項1之製造方法,其中該基板係選自由玻璃基板、高分子基板、塑膠基板、不銹鋼基板、鋁基板及複合材料所組成之群組。
- 如請求項1之製造方法,其中該背板係選自由玻璃背板、高分子背板、塑膠背板、不銹鋼背板、鋁背板及複合材料所組成之群組。
- 如請求項1之製造方法,其另包括以側面密封材料封裝該太陽能電池。
- 如請求項11之製造方法,其中該側面密封材料係選自由有機矽膠及丁基膠密封條所組成之群組。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201310030009.2A CN103963212B (zh) | 2013-01-25 | 2013-01-25 | 太阳能电池组件的制造方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TW201431112A TW201431112A (zh) | 2014-08-01 |
TWI529957B true TWI529957B (zh) | 2016-04-11 |
Family
ID=49958384
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW103102517A TWI529957B (zh) | 2013-01-25 | 2014-01-23 | 太陽能電池元件之製造方法 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9379277B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2760052B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP6363840B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN103963212B (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI529957B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106877795A (zh) * | 2017-02-06 | 2017-06-20 | 江苏友科太阳能科技有限公司 | 柔性光伏瓦边框注射工艺 |
CN110556440A (zh) * | 2018-05-14 | 2019-12-10 | 北京汉能光伏投资有限公司 | 一种太阳能电池组件的封装方法及制得的太阳能电池组件 |
CN108807199A (zh) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-11-13 | 米亚索能光伏科技有限公司 | 一种光伏电池组件的制造方法 |
CN110581194A (zh) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-12-17 | 九州能源有限公司 | 一种光伏组件制造方法 |
WO2024105665A1 (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2024-05-23 | Solarpaint Ltd. | Composite article that integrally incorporates a solar cell produced by a multi-cavity multi-layer mold, and systems and methods for mass production of such composite articles |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2583923B3 (fr) * | 1985-06-19 | 1987-10-23 | Gravisse Philippe | Procede de fabrication d'un panneau photovoltaique et panneau ainsi realise |
JPS6169181A (ja) * | 1985-08-14 | 1986-04-09 | Japan Solar Energ Kk | 太陽電池モジユ−ルの製造方法 |
JPS63188975A (ja) * | 1987-02-02 | 1988-08-04 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 太陽電池モジユ−ルの製造方法 |
US4830038A (en) * | 1988-01-20 | 1989-05-16 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Photovoltaic module |
JPH0590625A (ja) * | 1991-09-25 | 1993-04-09 | Nippondenso Co Ltd | 太陽電池の製造方法 |
US5743970A (en) * | 1995-12-13 | 1998-04-28 | Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. | Photovoltaic module having an injection molded encapsulant |
DE10101770A1 (de) * | 2001-01-17 | 2002-07-18 | Bayer Ag | Solarmodule mit Polyurethaneinbettung und ein Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
JP4010170B2 (ja) * | 2002-04-11 | 2007-11-21 | ソニー株式会社 | 光電変換素子の製造方法 |
CN101115787A (zh) * | 2005-02-10 | 2008-01-30 | 三井-杜邦聚合化学有限公司 | 太阳能电池密封材料的制造方法 |
JP2009111122A (ja) * | 2007-10-30 | 2009-05-21 | Kyocera Corp | 太陽電池モジュール及びその製造方法 |
CN100533697C (zh) * | 2007-11-28 | 2009-08-26 | 苏州固锝电子股份有限公司 | 半导体芯片悬臂封装的定位方法 |
CN101232054B (zh) * | 2008-02-04 | 2011-03-23 | 梁清晖 | 一种太阳能电池组件的注塑封装方法 |
FR2930556B1 (fr) | 2008-04-28 | 2012-08-17 | Arkema France | Composition a base de polymere greffe polyamide et son utilisation dans les modules photovoltaiques |
FR2948499B1 (fr) * | 2009-07-24 | 2012-08-17 | Jerome Bouchet | Procede d'encapsulation de cellules photovoltaiques destinees a produire de l'electricite par exposition au soleil |
DE102009051051A1 (de) * | 2009-10-28 | 2011-05-05 | Thermoplastik S.R.O. | Photovoltaikmodul und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
TWI466278B (zh) | 2010-04-06 | 2014-12-21 | Kingpak Tech Inc | 晶圓級影像感測器構裝結構及其製造方法 |
CN101924164B (zh) | 2010-05-17 | 2012-12-12 | 英利能源(中国)有限公司 | 一种光伏组件及其制备方法 |
EP2388830A1 (en) | 2010-05-20 | 2011-11-23 | Fundacion Inasmet | Photovoltaic modules and method of manufacture thereof |
-
2013
- 2013-01-25 CN CN201310030009.2A patent/CN103963212B/zh active Active
-
2014
- 2014-01-23 JP JP2014009987A patent/JP6363840B2/ja active Active
- 2014-01-23 US US14/162,450 patent/US9379277B2/en active Active
- 2014-01-23 EP EP14152252.4A patent/EP2760052B1/en active Active
- 2014-01-23 TW TW103102517A patent/TWI529957B/zh active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2760052B1 (en) | 2015-12-30 |
CN103963212B (zh) | 2017-05-24 |
JP2014146797A (ja) | 2014-08-14 |
JP6363840B2 (ja) | 2018-07-25 |
TW201431112A (zh) | 2014-08-01 |
EP2760052A1 (en) | 2014-07-30 |
US20140209236A1 (en) | 2014-07-31 |
CN103963212A (zh) | 2014-08-06 |
US9379277B2 (en) | 2016-06-28 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
TWI529957B (zh) | 太陽能電池元件之製造方法 | |
CN101685838B (zh) | 一种光伏组件及其制造方法 | |
CN103715298B (zh) | 曲面太阳能组件制造方法 | |
US20060207645A1 (en) | Method of manufacturing a solor cell module | |
JP2007529889A (ja) | 二次元プロフィールを有する電気エネルギー発生モジュールおよびこれを作成する方法 | |
EP4246599A1 (en) | Photovoltaic module manufacturing method, battery module, battery string and photovoltaic module | |
CN111763481B (zh) | 结构化封装材料及生产方法、光伏组件及制备方法 | |
US11616154B2 (en) | Planarization of photovoltaics | |
WO2012002422A1 (ja) | 太陽電池モジュールの製造方法、及びその製造方法で製造された太陽電池モジュール | |
CN104900756A (zh) | 一种薄膜光伏组件层压工艺 | |
CN212967722U (zh) | 光伏组件用封装胶膜和具有其的光伏组件 | |
US20210020586A1 (en) | Photovoltaic protection | |
US8182723B2 (en) | Multi-cavity injection molding method for fabricating solar lenses | |
CN112117341A (zh) | 一种无框型frp半片光伏组件及其生产工艺 | |
KR100955220B1 (ko) | 태양 전지 모듈 | |
WO2019232974A1 (zh) | 一种光伏电池组件、光伏墙及光伏电池组件的制造方法 | |
JP2005136128A (ja) | 太陽電池モジュール用封止材及びこれを用いた太陽電池モジュールの製造方法 | |
TW201124260A (en) | Improved manufacturing process for silicone-on-glass fresnel lens. | |
CN111785802A (zh) | 光伏组件用封装胶膜和具有其的光伏组件 | |
JP2012204535A (ja) | 太陽電池モジュールの製造方法 | |
CN114068745B (zh) | 一种轻质太阳能发电板及其制备方法 | |
CN217468452U (zh) | 一种采用隔离保护膜的光伏组件 | |
CN215184006U (zh) | 一种半柔性太阳能光伏组件 | |
CN217280798U (zh) | 一种光固化液体胶膜封装的光伏组件 | |
CN217983362U (zh) | 光伏组件 |