TWI447207B - 螢光材料及使用其之發光裝置 - Google Patents

螢光材料及使用其之發光裝置 Download PDF

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TWI447207B
TWI447207B TW099142766A TW99142766A TWI447207B TW I447207 B TWI447207 B TW I447207B TW 099142766 A TW099142766 A TW 099142766A TW 99142766 A TW99142766 A TW 99142766A TW I447207 B TWI447207 B TW I447207B
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light
fluorescent material
excitation
group
emitting device
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TW201224115A (en
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Teng Ming Chen
Te Wen Kuo
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Univ Nat Chiao Tung
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Description

螢光材料及使用具之發光裝置
本發明係關於一種新穎螢光材料及使用其之發光裝置,尤指一種適用於藍光或紫外光激發之新穎螢光材料及使用其之發光裝置。
螢光粉被應用在照明及顯示產品上,已達半個世紀之久,其中最廣為使用之螢光燈即是使用水銀輝線作為激發源,以激發螢光粉放出可見光。螢光燈可透過調配塗料來產生所需要的光色,其光輸出的色溫及演色性相當寬廣,故螢光燈的應用相當廣泛。然而,目前最常使用之三色螢光粉通常需使用蘊藏量有限且價格高昂之烯土元素(如Eu、Ce、Tb等)作為原料,故目前常用之三色螢光粉存有價格高之問題。
此外,近來積極研發之白光LED因具有發光效率高、功耗低、壽命長、環保等傳統照明光源無法比擬的優勢,因此被認為是取代螢光燈最具潛力的照明光源。目前白光LED主要有以下三種發光方式:第一種是以紅藍綠三色發光二極體晶粒組成之白光發光模組;第二種則係以藍光發光二極體激發黃色YAG螢光粉,以產生白光;第三種則是以紫外光發光二極體激發透明光學膠中均勻混合之藍色、綠色、紅色螢光粉,以得到三波長之白光。
目前市面上之白光發光二極體大多係採用上述第二種的發光方式,但其已被日亞化學(Nichia)取得專利保護。據此,為了規避日亞化學相關的專利壁壘,勢必於關鍵材料上獲得突破。
本發明之主要目的係在提供一種新穎之螢光材料,其可使用非稀土族元素作為活化中心,以解決習知水銀輝線激發螢光粉使用稀土元素造成製備成本高昂之問題,另一方面,其亦可使用稀土族元素作為活化中心,以應用於不含汞之發光裝置(如發光二極體)中。
為達成上述目的,本發明提供一種螢光材料,其化學式如下:(A1-x Mx )8 D12 O24 S2 ,其中,0<x<1;A係選自由Mg、Ca、Sr、Ba、Zn及其組合所組之群組;M係選自由Mn、Cu、Ag、Pb、Sb、Sn、Bi、Eu、Ce、Tb、Sm、Pr、Y、La、Gd、Lu、Sc、Nd、Pm、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb及其組合所組之群組;且D係選自由B、Al、Ga、In及其組合所組之群組。
於本發明之一態樣中,A可為Ca、Sr或其組合,且M可為Mn,其中較佳為0<x<0.05,更佳為0.0025≦x≦0.02。於此態樣中,該類螢光材料係以過渡金屬元素作為活化中心,其可藉由紫外光激發放光,相較於習知使用稀土元素之水銀輝線激發螢光粉,該類螢光材料具有製作成本較低廉之優勢。更具體地說,(Ca1-x Mnx )8 Al12 O24 S2 可作為藍光螢光材料,而(Sr1-x Mnx )8 Al12 O24 S2 則可作為綠光螢光材料,兩者皆可藉由紫外光(約250nm至300nm)激發而放光,故可應用於紫外光激發之發光裝置中。
於本發明之另一態樣中,A可為Sr,且M可為Eu,其中較佳為0<x<0.3,更佳為0.02≦x≦0.14。於此態樣中,該類螢光材料係以稀土元素作為活化中心,其可藉由藍光激發(約420nm至490nm)放光,故可應用於不含汞之發光裝置(如發光二極體)中,尤其,該類螢光材料可與藍光結合而放出白光,俾可取代日亞化學(Nichia)所提出之YAG螢光粉。
此外,本發明更將上述之螢光材料應用於發光裝置中。據此,本發明提供一種發光裝置,其包括:一激發單元,其係用於提供一激發光;以及一螢光材料層,其經該激發光照射後能放出可見光,其中該螢光材料層包括如下化學式所示之螢光材料:(A1-x Mx )8 D12 O24 S2 ,其中,0<x<1;A係選自由Mg、Ca、Sr、Ba、Zn及其組合所組之群組;M係選自由Mn、Cu、Ag、Pb、Sb、Sn、Bi、Eu、Ce、Tb、Sm、Pr、Y、La、Gd、Lu、Sc、Nd、Pm、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb及其組合所組之群組;且D係選自由B、Al、Ga、In及其組合所組之群組。
本發明提供之一態樣係使用紫外光激發單元作為激發單元,其波長範圍可約為250 nm至300 nm,其中A可為Ca、Sr或其組合,且M可為Mn。於此態樣中,較佳為0<x<0.05,更佳為0.0025≦x≦0.02。更具體地說,此態樣所提供之發光裝置可使用(Ca1-x Mnx )8 Al12 O24 S2 及(Sr1-x Mnx )8 Al12 O24 S2 分別作為藍光螢光材料及綠光螢光材料。在此,該紫外光激發單元可為任何習知可放出紫外光之裝置,舉例而言,該紫外光激發單元可包括:一容置本體,其設有一陰極電極及一陽極電極,且該螢光材料層係設置於該容置本體之內壁上;以及一放電媒介,容置於該容置本體中,用以放出該激發光。
於本發明中,該容置本體可為一透光密封管體,而放電媒介可包括汞及惰性氣體。
本發明提供之另一態樣則係使用藍光激發單元作為激發單元,其波長範圍可約為420 nm至490 nm,其中A可為Sr,且M可為Eu。於此態樣中,較佳為0<x<0.3,更佳為0.02≦x≦0.14。在此,該藍光激發單元可為任何習知可放出紫外光之裝置,舉例而言,該藍光激發單元可包括:一承載元件,其設有一陰極電極及一陽極電極;一藍光發光元件,係設置於該承載元件上,並與該陰極電極及該陽極電極電性連接,且該螢光材料層係覆蓋該藍光發光元件
於本發明中,該承載元件並無特殊限制,其舉例可為封裝腳座或電路基板。此外,藍光發光元件並無特殊限制,其舉例可為藍光LED晶片。
综上所述,本發明提供之新穎螢光材料可使用非稀土族元素作為活化中心,以應用於紫外光激發之發光裝置(如螢光燈)中,解決習知水銀輝線激發螢光粉使用稀土元素造成製備成本高昂之問題,另一方面,其亦可使用稀土族元素作為活化中心,以應用於不含汞之發光裝置(如發光二極體)中,取代日亞化學(Nichia)所提出之YAG螢光粉。
以下係藉由特定的具體實施例說明本發明之實施方式,熟習此技藝之人士可由本說明書所揭示之內容輕易地了解本發明之其他優點與功效。惟需注意的是,以下圖式均為簡化之示意圖,圖式中之元件數目、形狀及尺寸可依實際實施狀況而隨意變更,且元件佈局狀態可更為複雜。本發明亦可藉由其他不同的具體實施例加以施行或應用,本說明書中的各項細節亦可基於不同觀點與應用,在不悖離本發明之精神下進行各種修飾與變更。
製備例1~5
依下表1所示之化學計量秤取碳酸鈣、硫酸鈣、氧化鋁、氧化錳均勻混合後研磨10分鐘,放入坩堝中再置入高溫爐,空氣下約1100℃~1400℃燒結約4~8小時後,製得(Ca1-x Mnx )64 [Al96 O192 ](SO4 )16 。取出上述材料研磨5分鐘,再於氫氣還原氣氛下約800℃~1000℃燒結約4~8小時後,即可獲得本實施例之螢光材料:(Ca1-x Mnx )8 Al12 O24 S2 。其反應式如下:
使用Bruker AXS D8 Advance機型X光繞射儀,光源為銅靶(電子束打到銅靶,銅靶再發射出特性X光),對實施例1至5所製得之螢光材料進行X光繞射分析。(Ca1-x Mnx )8 Al12 O24 S2 螢光材料之X光繞射圖譜如圖1所示(圖1之上圖係顯示(Ca0.99 Mn0.01 )8 Al12 O24 S2 之訊號峰,圖1之下圖係顯示Ca8 Al12 O24 S2 之訊號峰,其他摻雜量(x為0.0025、0.005、0.015及0.02)螢光材料之X光繞射圖譜皆與圖1之上圖一致)。
製備例6~12
依下表2所示之化學計量秤取碳酸鍶、硫酸鍶、氧化鋁、三氧化二銪均勻混合後研磨10分鐘,放入坩堝中再置入高溫爐,空氣下約1100℃~1400℃燒結約4~8小時後,製得(Sr1-x Eux )64 [Al96 O192 ](SO4 )16 。取出上述材料研磨5分鐘,再於氫氣還原氣氛下約800℃~1000℃燒結約4~8小時後,即可獲得本實施例之螢光材料:(Sr1-x Eux )8 Al12 O24 S2 。其反應式如下:
使用Bruker AXS D8 Advance機型X光繞射儀,光源為銅靶(電子束打到銅靶,銅靶再發射出特性X光),對實施例11至17所製得之螢光粉進行X光繞射分析。(Sr1-x Eux )8 Al12 O24 S2 螢光材料之X光繞射圖譜如圖2所示(圖2之上圖係顯示(Sr0.98 Eu0.02 )8 Al12 O24 S2 之訊號峰,圖2之下圖係顯示Sr8 Al12 O24 S2 之訊號峰,其他摻雜量(x為0.02、0.04、0.06、0.10、0.12及0.14)螢光材料之X光繞射圖譜皆與圖2之上圖一致)。
製備例13~17
依下表3所示之化學計量秤取碳酸鍶、硫酸鍶、氧化鋁、氧化錳均勻混合後研磨10分鐘,放入坩堝中再置入高溫爐,空氣下約1100℃~1400℃燒結約4~8小時後,製得(Sr1-x Mnx )64 [Al96 O192 ](SO4 )16 。取出上述材料研磨5分鐘,再於氫氣還原氣氛下約800℃~1000℃燒結約4~8小時後,即可獲得本實施例之螢光材料:(Sr1-x Mnx )8 Al12 O24 S2 。其反應式如下:
使用Bruker AXS D8 Advance機型X光繞射儀,光源為銅靶(電子束打到銅靶,銅靶再發射出特性X光),對實施例6至10所製得之螢光材料進行X光繞射分析。(Sr1-x Mnx )8 Al12 O24 S2 螢光材料之X光繞射圖譜與圖2一致。
測試例1
使用美國Spex Fluorolog-3螢光光譜儀(Instruments SA,Edison,NJ製),搭備450W氙燈及雙激發單色器(double excitation monochromators),對(Ca1-x Mnx )8 Al12 O24 S2 螢光材料進行發光特性分析。此外,搭配使用DT-100 Color Analyzer,可測得CIE色座標值(x,y)。
圖3為(Ca0.99 Mn0.01 )8 Al12 O24 S2 螢光材料之螢光光譜圖,其顯示(Ca1-x Mnx )8 Al12 O24 S2 螢光材料之激發波長約為254nm,放光波長約為476nm。圖4則顯示摻雜不同Mn濃度(x)之(Ca1-x Mnx )8 Al12 O24 S2 螢光材料發光強度比較圖。此外,測得(Ca0.99 Mn0.01 )8 Al12 O24 S2 螢光材料之CIE色座標值為(0.12,0.11)。
測試例2
使用美國Spex Fluorolog-3螢光光譜儀(Instruments SA,Edison,NJ製),搭備450W氙燈及雙激發單色器(double excitation monochromators),對(Sr1-x Mnx )8 Al12 O24 S2 螢光材料進行發光特性分析。此外,搭配使用DT-100 Color Analyzer,可測得CIE色座標值(x,y)。
圖5為(Sr0.99 Mn0.01 )8 Al12 O24 S2 螢光材料之螢光光譜圖,其顯示(Sr1-x Mnx )8 Al12 O24 S2 螢光材料之激發波長約為254nm,放光波長約為538nm。此外,測得(Sr0.99 Mn0.01 )8 Al12 O24 S2 螢光材料之CIE色座標值為(0.33,0.67)。
測試例3
使用美國Spex Fluorolog-3螢光光譜儀,搭備450W氙燈及雙激發單色器(double excitation monochromators)與Hamamatsu Photornics R928型光電倍增管作為偵測器,對(Sr1-x Eux )8 Al12 O24 S2 螢光材料進行發光特性分析。此外,搭配使用DT-100 Color Analyzer,可測得CIE色座標值(x,y)。
圖6為(Sr0.92 Eu0.08 )8 Al12 O24 S2 螢光材料之螢光光譜圖,其顯示(Sr1-x Eux )8 Al12 O24 S2 螢光材料之激發波長約為450nm,放光波長約為605nm。圖7則顯示摻雜不同Eu濃度(x)之(Sr1-x Eux )8 Al12 O24 S2 螢光材料發光強度比較圖。此外,測得(Sr0.92 Eu0.08 )8 Al12 O24 S2 螢光材料之CIE色座標值為(0.61,0.38)。
實施例1
請參見圖8,係為本發明一較佳實施例之發光裝置剖視圖。
如圖8所示,本實施例之發光裝置包括:一容置本體11,其設有一陰極電極11A及一陽極電極11B;一放電媒介12,係填充於該容置本體11中;以及一螢光材料層13,係設置於該容置本體11之內壁111上。詳細地說,本實施例所提供之發光裝置為冷陰極螢光燈管,其容置本體11係為透光密封管體,以填充放電媒介12,並於兩端分別設有陰極電極11A及陽極電極11B。本實施例之發光裝置係使用汞及惰性氣體作為放電媒介12,且螢光材料層13係使用製備例3及15所製得之螢光材料分別作為藍光螢光材料及綠光螢光材料。據此,當容置本體11兩端之陰極電極11A及陽極電極11B施予高壓時,釋出的電子e- 會加速撞擊填充於容置本體11內之汞原子,以激發汞原子放出紫外光UV,而汞原子放出之紫外光UV會再激發螢光材料層13中之螢光材料,以放出可見光。
實施例2
請參見圖9,係為本發明另一較佳實施例之發光裝置剖視圖。
如圖9所示,本實施例之發光裝置包括:一承載元件21;一藍光發光元件22,係設置於該承載元件21上,並與承載元件21電性連接;以及一螢光材料層23係覆蓋該藍光發光元件22。詳細地說,本實施例之發光裝置係為白光發光二極體,其係使用一封裝腳座作為承載元件21,且承載元件21設有陰極電極21A及陽極電極21B,而藍光發光元件22則係透過導線24與承載元件21之陰極電極21A及陽極電極21B電性連接。此外,本實施例係使用氮化銦鎵(InCaN)發光二極體晶片(放光波長約470nm)作為藍光發光元件22,且螢光材料層23係由摻雜有螢光材料之透明封膠所構成,其中所摻雜之螢光材料為製備例9所製得之黃白光螢光材料。據此,施加電壓至承載元件21之陰極電極21A及陽極電極21B時,藍光發光元件22會被驅動而放出藍光;接著,藍光發光元件22釋出之藍光會激發螢光材料層23中之螢光材料,進而放出黃白光,其會與藍光發光元件22釋出之藍光混合成白光釋出。
本實施例之白光發光二極體於400mA電流下之發光效率約為14.2 lm/W,其發光光譜如圖10所示,且CIE色座標值為(0.34,0.25),色溫約為4300K。
實施例3
請參見圖11,係為本發明另一較佳實施例之發光裝置剖視圖。
如圖11所示,本實施例之發光裝置包括:一承載元件21;一藍光發光元件22,係設置於該承載元件21上,並與承載元件21電性連接;以及一螢光材料層23係覆蓋該藍光發光元件22。詳細地說,本實施例之發光裝置係為白光發光二極體,其係使用一電路基板作為承載元件21,且承載元件21設有陰極電極21A及陽極電極21B,而藍光發光元件22則係透過導線24與承載元件21之陰極電極21A及陽極電極21B電性連接。此外,本實施例係使用氮化銦鎵(InCaN)發光二極體晶片(放光波長約470nm)作為藍光發光元件22,且螢光材料層23係由摻雜有螢光材料之透明封膠所構成,其中所摻雜之螢光材料為製備例9所製得之黃白光螢光材料。據此,如實施例2所述,藍光發光元件22釋出之藍光會與螢光材料層23放出之黃白光混合成白光釋出。
上述實施例僅係為了方便說明而舉例而已,本發明所主張之權利範圍自應以申請專利範圍所述為準,而非僅限於上述實施例。
11...容置本體
111...內壁
11A,21A...陰極電極
11B,21B...陽極電極
12...放電媒介
13,23...螢光材料層
21...承載元件
22...藍光發光元件
24...導線
UV...紫外光
e- ...電子
圖1係本發明製備例3所製得之(Ca0.99 Mn0.01 )8 Al12 O24 S2 螢光材料與Ca8 Al12 O24 S2 之X光繞射圖譜。
圖2係本發明製備例9所製得之(Sr0.92 Eu0.08 )8 Al12 O24 S2 螢光材料與Sr8 Al12 O24 S2 之X光繞射圖譜。
圖3係本發明製備例3所製得之(Ca0.99 Mn0.01 )8 Al12 O24 S2 螢光材料之螢光光譜圖。
圖4係本發明製備例1至5所製得之(Ca1-x Mnx )8 Al12 O24 S2 螢光材料摻雜不同Mn濃度(x)之發光強度比較圖。
圖5係本發明製備例15所製得之(Sr0.99 Mn0.01 )8 Al12 O24 S2 螢光材料之螢光光譜圖。
圖6係本發明製備例9所製得之(Sr0.92 Eu0.08 )8 Al12 O24 S2 螢光材料之螢光光譜圖。
圖7係本發明製備例6至12所製得之(Sr1-x Eux )8 Al12 O24 S2 螢光材料摻雜不同Eu濃度(x)之發光強度比較圖。
圖8係本發明實施例1之發光裝置剖視圖。
圖9係本發明實施例2之發光裝置剖視圖。
圖10係本發明實施例2發光裝置之發光光譜圖。
圖11係本發明實施例3之發光裝置剖視圖。

Claims (15)

  1. 一種螢光材料,其化學式如下:(A1-x Mx )8 D12 O24 S2 ,其中,0<x≦0.14;A係選自由Mg、Ca、Sr、Ba、Zn及其組合所組之群組;M係選自由Mn、Eu及其組合所組之群組;且D係選自由B、Al、Ga、In及其組合所組之群組。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之螢光材料,其中,A為Ca、Sr或其組合,M為Mn,且0<x<0.05。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之螢光材料,其中,0.0025≦x≦0.02。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之螢光材料,其中,A為Sr,M為Eu,且0.02≦x≦0.14。
  5. 一種發光裝置,包括:一激發單元,其係用於提供一激發光;以及一螢光材料層,其經該激發光照射後能放出可見光,其中該螢光材料層包括如下化學式所示之螢光材料:(A1-x Mx )8 D12 O24 S2 ,其中,0<x≦0.14;A係選自由Mg、Ca、Sr、Ba、Zn及其組合所組之群組;M係選自由Mn、Eu及其組合所組之群組;且D係選自由B、Al、Ga、In及其組合所組之群組。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第5項所述之發光裝置,其中,該激發單元係一紫外光激發單元。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第6項所述之發光裝置,其中,A為Ca、Sr或其組合,M為Mn,且0<x<0.05。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之發光裝置,其中,0.0025≦x≦0.02。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第6項所述之發光裝置,其中,該激發光之波長範圍為250nm至300nm。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第6項所述之發光裝置,其中,該紫外光激發單元包括:一容置本體,其設有一陰極電極及一陽極電極,且該螢光材料層係設置於該容置本體之內壁上;以及一放電媒介,係容置於該容置本體中,用以放出該激發光。
  11. 如申請專利範圍第5項所述之發光裝置,其中,該激發單元係一藍光激發單元。
  12. 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之發光裝置,其中,A為Sr,M為Eu,且0.02≦x≦0.14。
  13. 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之發光裝置,其中,該激發光之波長範圍為420nm至490nm。
  14. 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之發光裝置,其中,該藍光激發單元包括:一承載元件,其設有一陰極電極及一陽極電極;一藍光發光元件,係設置於該承載元件上,並與該陰極電極及該陽極電極電性連接,且該螢光材料層係覆蓋該藍光發光元件。
  15. 如申請專利範圍第14項所述之發光裝置,其中,該承載元件係為一封裝腳座或一電路基板。
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