TWI422486B - 具有強化構造之光學薄片 - Google Patents
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- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
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- G—PHYSICS
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Description
本發明係關於一種光學薄片,尤指一種具有強化構造之光學薄片。
目前電子產品已朝輕薄化發展,由於陰極射線管(CRT)無法達到輕薄化及低消耗功率,已逐漸由液晶顯示器(liquid crystal display;LCD)、電漿顯示器(plasma display panel;PDP)、電場發光顯示器(electroluminescent display;ELD)、真空螢光顯示器(vacuum fluorescent display)等其他平面顯示器所取代。其中又以液晶顯示器因其具有高畫質、低輻射、低消耗功率、較佳空間利用性等優越性,而成為市場主流。
用以將液晶顯示器輕薄化之手段,不外乎將液晶顯示器中佔一定重量之玻璃基材薄化,或以塑膠基材取代玻璃基材,以使液晶顯示器之尺寸薄化及重量減輕。但以塑膠基材取代玻璃基材,需配合顯示器之高溫製程及考慮塑膠基材之特性,一般而言,需於塑膠基材上塗覆保護層,因此如何兼顧基材本身之透光度,增強其韌性,避免保護層中硬化樹脂因硬化過程中受力不均或收縮率(shrinkage rate)不均所造成之翹曲,且使保護層與基材之間具有良好的密著性,已成為相關產業亟欲解決之課題。
此外,如利用蝕刻等方式來薄化玻璃基材,可能會因受力不均而使玻璃基材破裂,提高其不良率。有鑑於此,美國專利第6,327,011 B2號即揭露一種用於液晶顯示器裝置之薄玻璃基材,其包含玻璃基材及位於玻璃基材背面之保護層,該保護層包含有機層及無機層,用以強化玻璃基材及避免因外力造成之裂紋。然而,於該保護層中包含無機層雖可提高保護層與玻璃基材之間之密著性,但卻可能使玻璃基材之透光度變差,且由於包含無機層而需要多一道製程,亦可能提高其不良率。
本發明之主要目的為提供一種具有強化構造之光學薄片,藉由使用一保護層以增強薄片之韌性、抗黃化性,同時保持其本身之透光度,並兼顧保護層與光學薄片之基材之間之密著性,及避免保護層中硬化樹脂因硬化過程中受力不均或收縮率(shrinkage rate)不均所造成之翹曲。
為達上揭及其他目的,本發明乃提供一種具有強化構造之光學薄片,其包含一基材;以及位於該基材之至少一表面上之至少一用於增強基材韌性之保護層,該保護層包含至少一層有機層,且該有機層包含熱固性樹脂和硬化劑。
本發明光學薄片所使用之基材,可為任何本發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者所已知者,例如為玻璃或塑膠。上述塑膠基材並無特殊限制,其例如但不限於聚丙烯酸酯樹脂(polyacrylate resin),如聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(polymethyl methacrylate,PMMA);聚碳酸酯樹脂(polycarbonate resin);聚苯乙烯樹脂;聚環烯烴樹脂(polycycloolefin resin);聚烯烴樹脂(polyolefin resin),如聚乙烯(PE)或聚丙烯(PP);聚醋酸纖維素樹脂;聚醯亞胺樹脂(polyimide resin);聚酯樹脂(polyester resin),如聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(polyethylene terephthalate,PET);或其混合物。基材之厚度通常取決於所欲得光學產品的需求,其較佳小於1毫米,更佳為0.1~0.6毫米。
為增強基材之韌性,基材之至少一表面上形成一保護層,該保護層可藉由任何習知方法形成,其例如但不限於藉由塗覆、黏貼、蒸鍍或濺鍍等方式於該基材之表面上形成該保護層,較佳為塗覆方式。
為保持基材原有的透光度,該保護層之折射率較佳與基材之折射率相當,例如介於1.4至1.6之間。同時,藉由適當控制該有機層之收縮率(shrinkage rate)實質相同或近似於基材,可防止基材產生翹曲。再者,為降低成本和控制光學薄片之品質,其有機層之厚度宜介於1微米至20微米之間,較佳介於5微米至15微米之間,更佳介於8微米至12微米之間。
本發明之光學薄片包含至少一層有機層,該有機層包含(a)熱固性樹脂和(b)硬化劑。本發明所使用之有機層包含熱固性樹脂(thermal setting resin),其例如但不限於聚苯乙烯樹脂、聚酯樹脂、環氧樹脂、氟碳樹脂、聚丙烯酸酯樹脂、聚碳酸酯或其混合物,較佳為氟碳樹脂或聚丙烯酸酯樹脂。本發明使用熱固性樹脂可避免樹脂因硬化速度過快,產生極大內應力,致使所塗佈之基材翹曲變形之問題,並具有高強度及良好之韌性,以及良好的耐熱性,並具有高固含量(high solids content),含有較少溶劑,故可縮短烘烤時間與降低烘烤溫度,減少因大量溶劑揮發所造成之體積收縮現象。一般而言,在約25℃至150℃的溫度下即可進行固化反應,因此,可進一步降低操作成本。可用於本發明之熱固性樹脂,其平均分子量一般介於約104
至約2×106
之間,較佳介於約2×104
至約3×105
之間,更佳介於約3×104
至約105
之間。具體言之,本發明之熱固性樹脂係衍生自包含以下單體之單體混合物:(a1)單體,其具有至少一種不與硬化劑反應之可熱固化官能基,該官能基係選自由羥基、乙烯基、醯胺基、胺基甲酸酯基、環氧基、羰基及其混合物所組成之群組,(a2)單體,其具有至少一種可與(b)硬化劑反應之官能基,該官能基係選自由羥基、羧基、胺基、環氧基及其混合物所組成之群組。
本發明之熱固性樹脂之主鏈係由至少一種(a1)單體構成,不同之熱固性樹脂係使用不同的(a1)單體。例如根據本發明較佳實施例,選用之熱固性樹脂為聚丙烯酸酯樹脂,其(a1)單體包含至少一種具有以下通式之丙烯酸系單體:
其中R1
為氫原子或甲基;R2
為氫原子、C6
~C18
芳香族基(aromatic group)、C1
~C18
脂肪族基(aliphatic group)或C2
~C4
環氧基。本發明所使用之丙烯酸系單體較佳為(甲基)丙烯酸、(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸(異)丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸異辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸環己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸縮水甘油酯或其混合物。
根據本發明另一具體實施例,本發明所使用之熱固性樹脂為氟碳樹脂,此類樹脂具有良好之耐熱性,用以形成該氟碳樹脂之(a1)單體包含至少一種含氟單體。該含氟單體,係熟悉此項技術之人士所熟知者,其例如但不限於四氟乙烯、六氟丙烯、三氟氯乙烯、偏氟乙烯、氟乙烯、二氟乙烯或其混合物,較佳為三氟氯乙烯。
本發明所使用之(a2)單體,必須具有至少一種可與(b)硬化劑反應之官能基,產生主鏈分子與分子間的網狀結合而形成交鏈(Crosslinking),該官能基係選自由羥基(-OH)、羧基(-COOH)、胺基(-NH2
)、環氧基及其混合物所組成之群組,較佳為羥基(-OH)。本發明之(a2)單體例如但不限於(甲基)丙烯酸羥乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸羥丙酯、羥基丁基乙烯醚、甲基丙烯酸-2-羥基乙酯或其混合物。
為增加應力緩衝能力、提高保護層與基材之間之密著性、增強內可塑性、降低當使用基材之翹曲缺陷(尤其對玻璃基材,特別是小於1毫米之玻璃基材),視需要,本發明用以形成熱固性樹脂之單體混合物亦可包含(a3)單體,其係選自三級羧酸酯單體、乙烯醚單體、醋酸乙烯酯單體、苯乙烯單體或其混合物。
適用於本發明之乙烯醚單體,並無特殊限制,其例如但不限於具有C2
~C11
之碳數之烷基乙烯醚單體,其可選自由直鏈狀烷基乙烯醚單體、支鏈狀烷基乙烯醚單體、環狀烷基乙烯醚單體及其混合物所構成群組,本發明所使用之乙烯醚單體較佳為環己基乙烯醚、乙基乙烯醚及其組合。
適用於本發明之三級羧酸酯,係具以下通式:
其中R3
、R4
及R5
係代表直鏈或具上鏈之烷基鏈:Cm
H2m+1
,其中m=1至7之整數;較佳者,R3
、R4
及R5
之碳數總和為9-11;及R6
係選自由以下基團所構成之群組:CH=CH2 及較佳係CH=CH2
或。適用於本發明之三級羧酸酯之實例包括三級癸羧酸乙烯酯、三級壬羧酸乙烯酯和三級癸羧酸環氧丙酯(a3)單體一般使用並無特殊限制,但若效果較佳,則特定熱固性樹脂可搭配使用特定(a3)單體,舉例言之,聚丙烯酸酯樹脂可搭配三級羧酸酯單體或醋酸乙烯酯單體或其混合物,更佳為搭配三級羧酸酯單體;氟碳樹脂則搭配乙烯醚單體。
本發明所使用之(b)硬化劑係本發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者所熟知者,其具有至少一種可與保護層中之(a2)單體產生分子與分子間的化學結合而形成交鏈(Crosslinking)之官能基,該官能基係選自由異氰酸酯基(-NCO)、羥基、羧基、酯基、酐基、胺基(-NH2
或NHR)及其混合物所組成之群組,較佳為異氰酸酯基。藉由現有技術中任何已知之方法,可以製備具有至少一個游離異氰酸酯基之聚異氰酸酯(polyisocyanate)。例如使用具有官能基團之單異氰酸酯、二異氰酸酯或三異氰酸酯。適當之二異氰酸酯及三異氰酸酯之實例包括(但不限於):1,6-己二異氰酸酯(Hexamethylene diisocyanate,HDI)、1,4-環己烷二異氰酸酯(1,4-Cyclohexane diisocyanate,CHDI)、甲苯二異氰酸酯(Toluene diisocyanate,TDI)、4,4'-二苯甲基二異氰酸酯(4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate,MDI)、異佛爾酮二異氰酸酯(Isophorone diisocyanate,IPDI)、1,6-己二異氰酸酯三聚物或異佛爾酮二異氰酸酯三聚物。
根據本發明之一較佳具體實施例,本發明具有強化構造之光學薄片係包含:一厚度小於1毫米之玻璃基材;以及塗覆於該基材之一表面的保護層,該保護層係由有機層所構成,該有機層具有5微米至15微米之厚度,及較佳具有介於1.4至1.6之間之折射率,且該有機層包含(a)聚丙烯酸酯樹脂和(b)具有異氰酸酯基官能基之硬化劑,較佳為二異氰酸酯;其中該光學薄片根據JIS K7136標準方法量測,具有90%以上之光線穿透度;該聚丙烯酸酯樹脂係衍生自包含以下單體之單體混合物:(a1)單體,其係選自由(甲基)丙烯酸、(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸(異)丁酯及其混合物所構成群組;及(a2)單體,其具有可與(b)硬化劑反應之羥基,較佳者係選自由(甲基)丙烯酸羥乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸羥丙酯、甲基丙烯酸-2-羥基乙酯及其混合物所構成群組,上述單體混合物可進一步包含(a3)單體,如前文所定義之三級羧酸酯單體。
本發明之保護層可視需要添加任何本發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者已知之添加劑,其例如但不限於抗靜電劑、螢光增白劑、紫外線吸收劑、整平劑、起始劑、促進劑、溶劑、濕潤劑、安定劑及分散劑等。
可使用於本發明之抗靜電劑並無特殊限制,係為本發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者所熟知,例如乙氧基甘油脂肪酸酯類、四級胺化合物、脂肪胺類衍生物、環氧樹脂(如聚環氧乙烷)、矽氧烷(siloxane)或其它醇類衍生物,如聚乙醇酯、聚乙二醇醚等。根據本發明之一具體實施例,本發明光學薄片之表面電阻率係介於約108
至約1012
Ω/□(square)。
可添加於本發明光學薄片之保護層中的紫外線吸收劑,係熟習此項技術之人士所熟知者,其例如為苯並三唑類(benzotriazoles)、苯并三嗪類(benzotriazines)、苯甲酮類(benzophenones)或水楊酸衍生物(salicylic acid derivatives)等,或使用可吸收紫外線之無機微粒,其例如但不限於氧化鋅、二氧化矽、二氧化鈦、氧化鋁、硫酸鈣、硫酸鋇、碳酸鈣或其混合物。上述無機微粒之粒徑大小一般為1~100奈米(nano meter),較佳為20~50奈米。可添加於本發明光學薄片保護層中的螢光增白劑,並無特殊限制,係熟悉此項技藝之人所知,其可為有機物,例如但不限於苯并噁唑類(benzoxazoles)、苯并咪唑類(benzimidazoles)或二苯乙烯雙三嗪類(diphenylethylene bistriazines)。
根據本發明一具體實施例,係於基材表面塗覆有機層作為保護層,使用於本發明中之有機層係包含一種二液型熱固性樹脂,其可根據本發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者所已知之任何方式塗覆於基材上,且例如經由包含以下步驟之方法製得本發明之光學薄片:(I)將(a1)單體、(a2)單體及視需要(a3)單體,及視需要地與習知添加劑(如溶劑、起始劑等)混合,於合適溫度下反應數小時,形成一共聚物;(II)將該共聚物添加硬化劑,視需要地與習知添加劑(如溶劑、促進劑等)混合,形成一塗料,其塗覆於基材表面,以形成一保護層;(III)將該經塗覆之基材送進烘乾機,蒸發溶劑,升溫至熱固性樹脂所需之固化溫度,加熱數分鐘,進行熱固化聚合反應。
若需要,可重複進行上述各步驟,以獲得複數層之保護層。
可添加於上述步驟(I)之起始劑,係熟習此項技術之人士所熟知者,其例如為過氧化苯、過氧化二異丙苯、丁基過氧化氫、過氧化氫異丙苯、過氧化叔丁基順丁烯二酸,叔丁基過氧化氫、乙醯過氧化物、月桂醯過氧化物、偶氮二異丁腈(AIBN)、偶氮二異庚腈、過氧化物及胺酸或磺酸的混合物、過氧化物和鈷化合物的混合物或彼等之混合物,較佳為偶氮二異丁腈。
可添加於上述步驟(II)之促進劑為至少一種選自由甲基嗎啉(methyl morpholine)、乙基嗎啉(ethyl morpholine)、三乙基胺(triethyl amine)、三甲基苯甲基胺(dimethyl benzyl amine)、二甲基乙醇胺(dimethyl ethanol amine)、乙二胺(ethylene diamine)、二甲基月桂基胺(dimethyl lauryl amine)、二甲基對二氮己環(dimethyl piperazine)、己二胺(triethylene diamine)、四甲基乙二胺(tetramethyl ethylene diamine)、四甲基己二胺(tetramethyl hexamethylene diamine)、1,3,5-三二胺基甲基酚(1,3,5-tridiaminomethyl phenol)、1,4-二氮-(2,2,2)二環辛烷(1,4-diaza-(2,2,2)bicyclooctane)、六甲基己四胺(hexamethyl triethylene tetramine)、辛酸鉛(lead octoate)、二丁基二月桂酸錫(dibutyl tin dilaurirate)、乙基己酸錫(tin ethyl hexanoate)以及辛酸鋯(zirconium octoate)組成之群組,較佳為二丁基二月桂酸錫。
可用於本發明之溶劑並無特殊限制,其例如可為苯類、酯類或酮類或其混合物。苯類溶劑之非限制性實例包括:苯、甲苯、二甲苯(xylene)、三甲基苯或苯乙烯或其混合物。酯類溶劑之非限制性實例包括:醋酸乙酯、醋酸丁酯、碳酸二乙酯、甲酸乙酯、醋酸甲酯、醋酸乙氧基乙酯、醋酸乙氧基丙酯或單甲基醚丙二醇酯或其混合物。酮類溶劑之非限制性實例包括丙酮、丁酮、甲基乙基酮、環己酮(cyclohexanone)或甲基異丁基酮或其混合物。
上述步驟(II)中,熱固性樹脂可直接塗覆於基材上,基材不需要作額外的表面處理以增加密著性。另外塗覆之方法係熟悉此項技術者所熟知,例如可使用狹縫式塗佈(slit coating)、微凹版印刷塗佈(micro gravure coating)、滾輪塗佈(roller coating)等,或上述方法之組合。
本發明光學薄片所具有之保護層,具有高強度及良好之韌性,且保護層與基材之間有良好密著性,因此不需另添加無機物以增加強度和密著性。因此,本發明光學薄片可有較佳之光線穿透度。本發明光學薄片根據JIS K7136標準方法量測,具有90%以上之光線穿透度,較佳具有介於90%至99%之光線穿透度。本發明光學膜可使用於燈源裝置中,例如:廣告燈箱及平面顯示器等,尤其是可使用於液晶顯示器(LCD)之面板裝置或背光模組中,本發明光學薄片在基材表面形成保護層,可有效地增強該基材之韌性,且表面平整無翹曲,因此可避免光學性質受到影響。
以下實施例將對本發明做進一步之說明,唯非用以限制本發明之範圍,任何熟悉本發明技術領域者,在不違背本發明之精神下所得以達成之修飾及變化,均屬於本發明之範圍。
實例中,所使用之縮寫定義如下:MMA:甲基丙烯酸甲酯BA:丙烯酸丁酯2-HEMA:甲基丙烯酸-2-羥基乙酯(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)MAA:甲基丙烯酸Cardura E10:三級羧酸酯商品名,(新加坡瀚森(Hexion)公司)AIBN:偶氮二異丁腈CTFE:三氟氯乙烯EVE:乙基乙烯醚CHVE:環己基乙烯醚HBVE:羥基-丁基乙烯醚TEA:三乙基胺N-3390:聚異氰酸酯商品名,Bayer公司N-75:聚異氰酸酯商品名,Bayer公司BAC:醋酸丁酯DBTL:二丁基二月桂酸錫
取不同比例之單體、溶劑及適當之起始劑製備實施例1之聚丙烯酸酯樹脂,製備條件如表1所示:
將上述所製得之聚丙烯酸酯樹脂與硬化劑及其他溶劑反應,製得本發明保護層之熱固性樹脂,製備條件如表2所示:
取不同比例之單體、溶劑及適當之起始劑製備實施例2之氟碳樹脂,製備條件如表3所示:
將上述所製得之氟碳樹脂與硬化劑與其他溶劑反應,反應條件如表4所示:
市售熱可塑性丙烯酸樹脂:eterac 7109-X-50(Eternal公司)
市售熱可固性丙烯酸樹脂:eterac 7302-XC-60(Eternal公司)
市售熱可固性氟碳樹脂:eterflon 4261A(Eternal公司)
膜厚試驗
:利用膜厚計[PIM-100,TESA公司],以1N下壓接觸方式量測實施例1至3與比較例膜片之膜厚。
成膜性
:塗料經固化後,表面已完全乾燥硬化,視其是否有回黏現象,無回黏現象則成膜性佳。
光線穿透度
:利用NDH 5000W霧度計(日本電色公司),根據JIS K7136標準方法,測得全光線穿透度(Tt)。
密著測試
:百格刮刀刮於塗膜表面,後以膠帶黏緊後,90°撕起,判定剝落格數。
耐化學藥品性
:10% NaOH浸泡7天,7天後視塗膜有無剝落。
耐候性
:QUV條件(紫外線313nm,60℃×4小時+40℃×4小時)經照射1000小時以上,塗膜失光率<60%。
翹曲試驗
:將待測樣品裁成長寬100 mm x 100 mm平整膜片,置於120℃烘箱10分鐘後,取出靜置於室溫,直到膜片回溫至室溫後,以間隙規量測膜片四角之翹曲程度,藉以評估待測樣品之耐熱及耐翹曲性能。
將實施例1-3塗覆於1毫米之玻璃基材上,測試結果如表5所示。
Claims (12)
- 一種具有強化構造之光學薄片,其包含:一基材,其中該基材係玻璃;以及至少一保護層,該保護層位於該基材至少一表面上且包含至少一有機層,該有機層包含(a)熱固性樹脂和(b)硬化劑,其中該熱固性樹脂為聚丙烯酸酯樹脂,其具有介於3×104 至105 之間之分子量,且係衍生自包含以下單體之單體混合物:(a1)單體,其係選自由(甲基)丙烯酸、(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸(異)丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸異辛酯、(甲基)丙烯酸環己酯、(甲基)丙烯酸縮水甘油酯及其混合物所構成群組;(a2)單體,其係選自由(甲基)丙烯酸羥乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸羥丙酯、甲基丙烯酸-2-羥基乙酯、羥基丁基乙烯醚及其混合物所構成群組;及(a3)單體,其係選自由三級羧酸酯單體、醋酸乙烯酯單體及其混合物所構成之群組,及其中該(b)硬化劑係選自聚異氰酸酯。
- 一種具有強化構造之光學薄片,其包含:一基材,其中該基材係玻璃;以及至少一保護層,該保護層位於該基材至少一表面上且包含至少一有機層,該有機層包含(a)熱固性樹脂和(b)硬化劑, 其中該熱固性樹脂為氟碳樹脂,其具有介於3×104 至105 之間之分子量,且係衍生自包含以下單體之單體混合物:(a1)單體,其包含至少一種選自由四氟乙烯、六氟丙烯、三氟氯乙烯、偏氟乙烯、氟乙烯、二氟乙烯及其混合物所構成之群組;(a2)單體,其係選自由(甲基)丙烯酸羥乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸羥丙酯、甲基丙烯酸-2-羥基乙酯、羥基丁基乙烯醚及其混合物所構成群組;及(a3)單體,其係選自由乙烯醚單體所構成之群組,及其中該(b)硬化劑係選自聚異氰酸酯。
- 如請求項1或2之光學薄片,其中該基材具有小於1毫米之厚度。
- 如請求項1或2之光學薄片,其中該保護層具有介於1.4至1.6之間之折射率。
- 如請求項1或2之光學薄片,其中該保護層係藉由選自塗覆、黏貼、蒸鍍或濺鍍之方式形成於該基材之表面。
- 如請求項1或2之光學薄片,其中該保護層係由該有機層所構成且具有1微米至20微米之厚度。
- 如請求項2之光學薄片,其中該(a1)單體係三氟氯乙烯。
- 如請求項1或2之光學薄片,其中該有機層進一步包含選自由抗靜電劑、螢光增白劑、紫外線吸收劑、整平劑、溶劑、起始劑、促進劑、濕潤劑、安定劑及分散劑所組成之群組之添加劑。
- 如請求項1或2之光學薄片,其中該光學薄片根據JIS K7136標準方法量測,具有90%以上之光線穿透度。
- 一種具有強化構造之光學薄片,其包含一厚度小於1毫米之玻璃基材;以及塗覆於該基材之一表面的保護層,其係由有機層所構成,該有機層具有5微米至15微米之厚度,其包含(a)聚丙烯酸酯樹脂和(b)選自聚異氰酸酯之硬化劑;其中該光學薄片根據JIS K7136標準方法量測,具有90%以上之光線穿透度;該聚丙烯酸酯樹脂具有介於3×104 至105 之間之分子量,且係衍生自包含以下單體之單體混合物:(a1)單體,其係選自由(甲基)丙烯酸、(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、(甲基)丙烯酸乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸(異)丁酯及其混合物所構成群組;(a2)單體,其係選自由(甲基)丙烯酸羥乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸羥丙酯、甲基丙烯酸-2-羥基乙酯、羥基丁基乙烯醚及其混合物所構成群組;及(a3)單體,其係醋酸乙烯酯單體。
- 如請求項10之光學薄片,其中該硬化劑為二異氰酸酯。
- 如請求項10之光學薄片,其中該有機層具有介於1.4至1.6之間之折射率。
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TW200916311A TW200916311A (en) | 2009-04-16 |
TWI422486B true TWI422486B (zh) | 2014-01-11 |
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DE102012206646B4 (de) * | 2012-04-23 | 2024-01-25 | Osram Gmbh | Leuchtvorrichtung mit LED-Chip und Vergussmasse und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Leuchtvorrichtung |
KR20140124941A (ko) * | 2013-04-16 | 2014-10-28 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 표시장치용 윈도우 및 이를 포함하는 표시 장치 |
TWI510574B (zh) | 2013-11-18 | 2015-12-01 | Eternal Materials Co Ltd | 有機無機複合樹脂、含彼之塗料組合物及其應用 |
CN109825177A (zh) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-05-31 | 新纶复合材料科技(常州)有限公司 | 一种氟碳涂料 |
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US5206320A (en) * | 1991-09-25 | 1993-04-27 | Isp Investments Inc. | Curable fluorocopolymer with dual function vinyl ether |
US6480250B1 (en) * | 1999-06-02 | 2002-11-12 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Low-reflection transparent conductive multi layer film having at least one transparent protective layer having anti-smudge properties |
US20040063846A1 (en) * | 2001-02-13 | 2004-04-01 | Bernhard Lettmann | Aqueous multi-constituent coating material, method for the production thereof and use of the same |
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JPS6021686B2 (ja) * | 1980-08-08 | 1985-05-29 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 常温硬化可能な含フツ素共重合体 |
JPH05160067A (ja) * | 1991-07-23 | 1993-06-25 | Seiko Epson Corp | 半導体装置およびその製造方法 |
DE69631470T2 (de) * | 1995-02-20 | 2004-12-23 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Verwendung eines fluorsilicats als schmutzabweisendes mittel |
JPH09203890A (ja) * | 1996-01-25 | 1997-08-05 | Sharp Corp | 入力機能付き液晶表示素子および反射型入力機能付き液晶表示素子、並びにそれらの製造方法 |
DE19904317A1 (de) * | 1999-01-28 | 2000-08-10 | Basf Coatings Ag | Aus mindestens vier Komponenten bestehendes Beschichtungsmittel, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung sowie seine Verwendung |
KR100953927B1 (ko) * | 2001-09-04 | 2010-04-22 | 다이니폰 인사츠 가부시키가이샤 | 코팅 조성물, 그것으로 형성된 코팅, 반사 방지막, 반사방지 필름 및 화상 표시장치 |
EP1802690A2 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2007-07-04 | PPG Industries Ohio, Inc. | Thermosetting coating compositions comprising a copolymer formed from chlorotrifluoroethylene and methods of making copolymers formed from chlorotrifluoroethylene |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US5206320A (en) * | 1991-09-25 | 1993-04-27 | Isp Investments Inc. | Curable fluorocopolymer with dual function vinyl ether |
US6480250B1 (en) * | 1999-06-02 | 2002-11-12 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Low-reflection transparent conductive multi layer film having at least one transparent protective layer having anti-smudge properties |
US20040063846A1 (en) * | 2001-02-13 | 2004-04-01 | Bernhard Lettmann | Aqueous multi-constituent coating material, method for the production thereof and use of the same |
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US20090029131A1 (en) | 2009-01-29 |
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