TWI390030B - 由生物可再生原料製造柴油燃料 - Google Patents

由生物可再生原料製造柴油燃料 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
TWI390030B
TWI390030B TW097135510A TW97135510A TWI390030B TW I390030 B TWI390030 B TW I390030B TW 097135510 A TW097135510 A TW 097135510A TW 97135510 A TW97135510 A TW 97135510A TW I390030 B TWI390030 B TW I390030B
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
oil
stream
hydrogen
reaction zone
psia
Prior art date
Application number
TW097135510A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
TW200920834A (en
Inventor
Tom Nelson Kalnes
Terry Louise Marker
John Patrick Brady
Peter Kokayeff
Original Assignee
Uop Llc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Uop Llc filed Critical Uop Llc
Publication of TW200920834A publication Critical patent/TW200920834A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TWI390030B publication Critical patent/TWI390030B/zh

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
    • C10L1/08—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G3/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
    • C10G3/42—Catalytic treatment
    • C10G3/44—Catalytic treatment characterised by the catalyst used
    • C10G3/45—Catalytic treatment characterised by the catalyst used containing iron group metals or compounds thereof
    • C10G3/46—Catalytic treatment characterised by the catalyst used containing iron group metals or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, tungsten metals or compounds thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G3/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
    • C10G3/50—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids in the presence of hydrogen, hydrogen donors or hydrogen generating compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
    • C10G45/58—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1011—Biomass
    • C10G2300/1014—Biomass of vegetal origin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1011—Biomass
    • C10G2300/1018—Biomass of animal origin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1022—Fischer-Tropsch products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1037—Hydrocarbon fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
    • C10G2300/4081—Recycling aspects
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
    • C10G2400/02—Gasoline
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
    • C10G2400/04—Diesel oil
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
    • C10G2400/28—Propane and butane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
    • Y02P30/20—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry using bio-feedstock

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Description

由生物可再生原料製造柴油燃料
本發明係關於由諸如植物油、魚油、動物脂肪、及油脂等材料中所發現之諸如甘油三酯及游離脂肪酸等可再生原料製造可用作運輸燃料之柴油沸程烴之製程。該製程涉及在一或多個反應器中實施加氫作用、脫羧作用、脫羰基作用、及/或加氫去氧作用及異構化作用。在加氫作用、脫羧作用及/或加氫去氧作用區流出物進入異構化作用區之前，使用選擇性熱高壓氫汽提塔自其中去除至少氧化碳。
隨著世界範圍內對柴油沸程燃料之需求增加，人們對除石油原油外之用於製造柴油燃料及柴油燃料摻合組份之來源愈加關注。一此種可再生來源係稱為生物可再生來源者。該等可再生來源包括(但不限於)諸如玉米油、油菜籽油、芥花油、大豆油及海藻油等植物油，諸如非食用牛脂等動物脂肪、魚油及諸如黃色及褐色油脂及污泥等各種廢料流。該等來源之共同特徵在於其係由甘油酯及游離脂肪酸(FFA)構成。該兩種類別化合物含有具有8至24個碳原子之正脂肪族碳鏈。甘油酯或FFA中之脂肪族碳鏈可係完全飽和或單、雙-或多-不飽和。
業內存在揭示自油類製造烴之報導。舉例而言，美國專利第4,300,009號揭示了使用結晶矽鋁酸鹽沸石將諸如玉米油等植物油轉化為諸如汽油等烴及諸如對二甲苯等化學物質。美國專利第4,992,605號揭示了藉由加氫處理諸如芥花油或葵花油等植物油來製造柴油沸程烴產物。最後，美國專利第2004/0230085 A1號揭示了藉由加氫去氧作用及隨後之異構化作用來處理生物源烴組份之製程。
申請者已研發出包含一或多個步驟使可再生原料加氫、去氧及異構化之製程。異構化作用觸媒之性能可藉由自供至異構化作用區之進料中至少去除二氧化碳來改善。存在二氧化碳或其他氧化碳可導致異構化作用觸媒失活。使用選擇性熱高壓氫汽提塔去除二氧化碳。
本文揭示由可再生原料製造富含異鏈烷烴之柴油沸程產物之製程，其中該製程包含於反應區中藉由在反應條件下對原料實施加氫及去氧來處理可再生原料以提供包含烴餾分(其包含正構鏈烷烴)之第一反應產物。在集成熱高壓汽提塔中使用氫作為汽提氣體自第一反應產物中選擇性地去除第一反應區中作為副產物產生之二氧化碳及水。將經氫汽提之第一反應產物引入加氫異構化作用反應區中。回收異構化產物。
如上所述，本發明係關於由諸如源自植物或動物之可再生原料等可再生原料製造可用作柴油沸程燃料之烴流之製程。已知某些該等原料可作為生物可再生脂肪及油類。術語可再生原料意欲包括除了自石油原油所獲得之彼等以外之原料。可用於本發明之生物可再生原料包括任何包含甘油酯及游離脂肪酸(FFA)之彼等原料。大多數甘油酯可為甘油三酯，但亦可存在及處理單甘油酯及甘油二酯。該等原料之實例包括(但不限於)芥花油、玉米油、豆油、油菜籽油、大豆油、菜籽油、妥爾油(tall oil)、葵花油、大麻子油、橄欖油、亞麻籽油、椰子油、蓖麻油、花生油、棕櫚油、芥子油、棉籽油、麻風籽油、牛脂、黃色及褐色油脂、豬脂、鯨油、乳脂肪、魚油、海藻油、污泥及諸如此類。可再生原料之其他實例包括來自包含麻風樹(Jatropha curcas)(Ratanjoy、野生蓖麻、Jangli Erandi)、紫荊木精油(Madhuca indica)(Mohuwa)、水黃皮(Pongamia pinnata)(Karanji Honge)、及印度揀(Azadirachta indica)(蒜揀)之群之非食用植物油。典型植物或動物脂肪之甘油三酯及FFA在其結構中含有具有8至24個碳原子之脂肪族烴鏈，其中大多數脂肪及油類含有高濃度的具有16及18個碳原子之脂肪酸。可再生原料與石油衍生烴之混合物或共進料亦可用作原料。其他可用之原料組份(尤其用作與上文所列原料組合之共進料組份)包括廢機油及工業潤滑劑、廢鏈烷烴、自煤、生物質、或天然氣之氣化及之後的諸如費-托技術(Fischer-Tropsch technology)等下游液化步驟所獲得之液體、自廢塑料(例如聚丙烯、高密度聚乙烯、及低密度聚乙烯)之熱或化學解聚作用獲得之液體；及作為副產物自石油化學及化學製程產生之其他合成油類。上述原料之混合物亦可用作共進料組份。在某些應用中，使用共進料組份之優點係可將來自以石油為主之製程或其他製程且已視為廢產物者轉化為對目前製程有價值之共進料組份。
本發明可用之可再生原料可含有各種雜質。舉例而言，妥爾油係木材處理工業之副產物且除FFA外妥爾油含有酯及松香酸。松香酸係環狀羧酸。可再生原料亦可含有諸如鹼金屬(例如鈉及鉀)、亞磷、及固體、水及洗滌劑等污染物。視需要選用之第一步驟係盡可能多地去除該等污染物。一個可能的預處理步驟涉及使可再生原料與離子交換樹脂在預處理區中於預處理條件下接觸。離子交換樹脂係諸如AmberlystTM -15等酸性離子交換樹脂且可用作反應器中原料向上或向下流經之床。
去除污染物之另一可能方法係輕度酸洗。此可藉由使原料與酸(例如硫酸、硝酸或鹽酸)在反應器中接觸來實施。酸與原料可在間歇或連續過程中接觸。一般於環境溫度及大氣壓下用稀釋酸溶液來完成接觸。若接觸係以連續方式完成，則其一般係以逆流方式完成。自原料中去除金屬污染物之又一可能方法係經由使用已為業內所熟知之保護床來實施。該等可包括具有或不具有脫金屬觸媒(例如鎳或鈷)之氧化鋁保護床。過濾及溶劑萃取技術係可使用之其他選擇、例如USAN 11/770,826所闡述之加氫處理係可使用之又一預處理技術。
可再生原料流至反應區中，其在一或多個反應器中包含一或多個觸媒床。術語"原料"意欲包括未經處理以去除污染物之原料及在預處理區中純化之彼等原料。在第一反應區中，在氫存在下於加氫作用條件下使可再生原料與加氫作用或加氫處理觸媒接觸以氫化諸如正構鏈烷烴鏈之烯烴或不飽和部分等反應組份。加氫作用及加氫處理觸媒係任何已為業內所熟知之彼等，例如大表面積載體上所分散之鎳或鎳/鉬。其他加氫作用觸媒包括大表面積載體上所分散之一或多種貴金屬催化元素。貴金屬之非限制性實例包括分散於γ-氧化鋁或活性碳上之Pt及/或Pd。加氫作用條件包括40℃至400℃之溫度及689kPa絕對壓力(100psia)至13,790kPa絕對壓力(2000psia)之壓力。在另一實施例中，加氫作用條件包括200℃至300℃之溫度及1379kPa絕對壓力(200psia)至4826kPa絕對壓力(700psia)之壓力。加氫作用區之其他作業條件已為業內所熟知。
上文所列舉之觸媒亦能催化原料之脫羧作用、脫羰基作用及/或加氫去氧作用以去除氧。脫羧作用、脫羰基作用、及加氫去氧作用在本文中通稱作去氧反應。脫羧條件包括689kPa(100psia)至6895kPa(1000psia)之相對低壓、200℃至400℃之溫度及0.5-10hr-1 之液時空速。在另一實施例中，脫羧條件包括689kPa(100psia)至6895kPa(1000psia)之相同的相對低壓、288℃至345℃之溫度及1-4hr-1 之液時空速。由於加氫作用係放熱反應，故在原料流經觸媒床時溫度升高且開始進行脫羧作用及加氫去氧作用。因此，可設想所有反應同時發生在一個反應器中或一個床中，且此係在本發明範圍內。或者，可控制該等條件以使加氫作用主要在一個床中發生，且脫羧作用及/或加氫去氧作用在第二個床中發生。當然，若僅使用一個床，則加氫作用主要在床前部發生，而脫羧作用/加氫去氧作用主要在床中部及底部發生。最後，可在一個反應器中實施所期望加氫作用，而可在單獨反應器中實施脫羧作用、脫羰基作用、及/或加氫去氧作用。
來自去氧反應之反應產物可包含液體部分及氣體部分二者。液體部分包含實質上均為正構鏈烷烴且大部分鏈烷烴具有9至18個碳原子之烴餾分。氣體部分包含氫、二氧化碳、一氧化碳、水蒸氣、丙烷及可能的諸如硫化氫等硫組份、或諸如磷化氫等磷組份。將來自去氧作用反應器之流出物引入熱高壓氫汽提塔中。熱高壓氫汽提塔之一個目的係自流出物之液體部分選擇性分離出至少部分流出物之氣體部分。由於氫係昂貴資源，為節約成本，將所分離氫再循環至含有去氧作用反應器之第一反應區。此外，無法自流出物中去除之水、一氧化碳、及二氧化碳可導致異構化作用區中觸媒性能變差。於熱高壓氫汽提塔中使用氫選擇性汽提水、一氧化碳、二氧化碳、任何氨或硫化氫。用於汽提之氫可為無水且不含氧化碳。可將溫度控制於限定範圍內，以達成所期望分離，且兩個反應區之壓力可維持在大致相同壓力下，以使投資及作業成本二者最小化。熱高壓氫汽提塔可於下列條件範圍下作業：689kPa絕對壓力(100psia)至13,790kPa絕對壓力(2000psia)之壓力、及40℃至350℃之溫度。在另一實施例中，熱高壓氫汽提塔可於下列條件範圍下作業：1379kPa絕對壓力(200psia)至4826kPa絕對壓力(700psia)、或2413kPa絕對壓力(350psia)至4882kPa絕對壓力(650psia)之壓力、及50℃至350℃之溫度。熱高壓氫汽提塔可在與反應區基本相同之壓力下作業。"基本"意指熱高壓氫汽提塔之作業壓力與係在反應區作業壓力之1034kPa絕對壓力(150psia)以內。舉例而言，在一實施例中，熱高壓氫汽提塔分離區之壓力不能低於反應區壓力1034kPa絕對壓力(150psia)以上。
流出物進入熱高壓汽提塔且氫汽提氣體攜帶有至少部分氣體組份並將其分離至塔頂流出物中。自熱高壓氫汽提塔底部移出去氧作用區流出物流之剩餘部分，其含有具有諸如正構烴(具有8至24個碳原子)等組份之液體烴餾分。不同原料會導致不同鏈烷烴分佈。在熱高壓氫汽提塔底部部分之此液體烴餾分可用作如下文所闡述之再循環烴。
在至少某些上述反應中，氫係反應物，且溶液中必須存在足量氫以最有效地參與催化反應。先前製程在高壓下作業以在溶液中達成所期望氫數量並可容易地應用於反應。然而，與在較低壓力下實施相同作業相比，高壓作業之構建及作業係較昂貴的。本發明之一個優點係作業壓力可在1379kPa絕對壓力(200psia)至4826kPa絕對壓力(700psia)範圍內，該壓力低於其他先前作業中所發現之壓力。在另一實施例中，作業壓力範圍係2413kPa絕對壓力(350psia)至4481kPa絕對壓力(650psia)，且在另一實施例中，作業壓力範圍係2758kPa絕對壓力(400psia)至4137kPa絕對壓力(600psia)。此外，反應速率增加導致在給定時間段內經過反應器之材料通過量增加。可自製程流出物中分離出氫並循環至加氫作用及去氧作用區，或氫之量可僅稍微超過(5-25%)加氫作用及去氧作用反應中所需氫，且因此不進行再循環。另一精煉單元(例如加氫裂化器)可用作氫之來源，其潛在地消除對再循環氣體壓縮器之需求。
在一實施例中，於較低壓力下藉由使大量烴再循環至去氧作用反應區而在溶液中保持期望量之氫。由於反應係放熱反應，其他製程可使用再循環烴以控制反應區中之溫度。然而，本文所用再循環烴與原料比之範圍並非取決於溫度控制需求，而係基於氫溶解度需求。氫在烴產物中之溶解度大於其在原料中之溶解度。藉由使用大量烴循環可大大提高反應區內經合併液相中之氫溶解度，且不需較高壓力來提高溶液中之氫量。在本發明之一實施例中，再循環烴與原料之體積比係2:1至8:1或2:1至6:1。在另一實施例中，比率範圍係3:1至6:1，且在又一實施例中，比率範圍係4:1至5:1。
儘管熱高壓氫汽提塔中所分離之烴餾分可用作柴油沸程燃料，但由於其主要包含正構鏈烷烴，故其具有較差冷流性。若需要改善液體烴餾分之冷流性，則可將烴餾分與異構化觸媒在異構化條件下接觸以至少部分地將正構鏈烷烴異構化為具支鏈之鏈烷烴。第二反應區(即異構化區)之流出物係富含具支鏈之鏈烷烴之物流。術語"富含"意指流出物流較進入異構化區之物流具有更高濃度的具支鏈之鏈烷烴，且較佳包含大於50質量%之具支鏈之鏈烷烴。可設想異構化作用區流出物可含有70、80、或90質量%之具支鏈之鏈烷烴。異構化作用可在上文闡述相同反應區之單獨床(即相同反應器)中實施，或異構化作用可在單獨反應器中實施。為易於說明，下文將闡述實施例，其中第二反應器係用於異構化反應。在氫存在下且於異構化條件下，將去氧反應區之氫汽提產物與異構化作用觸媒接觸以將正構鏈烷烴異構化為具支鏈之鏈烷烴。僅需要最小分支化即足以克服正構鏈烷烴之冷流問題。由於高度分支化之企圖產生不期望裂化之危險程度很高，故主要的異構化產物係單分支化烴。
可以業內所熟知之任何方式或藉由使用任何業內所熟知之適宜觸媒來完成鏈烷烴產物之異構化作用。可使用一或多個觸媒床。較佳以並流作業模式來操作異構化作用。所填裝液體在固定床、噴淋床中之向下流動模式、或在固定床中之向上流動模式二者均係適宜的。舉例而言，亦參見全文以引用方式併入本文中之美國專利第2004/0230085 A1號。適宜觸媒包含週期表之VIII族金屬(IUPAC 8-10)及載體材料。適宜VIII族金屬包括鉑及鈀，其每一種均可單獨或組合使用。載體材料可為非晶形或晶形。適宜載體材料包括非晶形氧化鋁、非晶形二氧化矽-氧化鋁、鎂鹼沸石、ALPO-31、SAPO-11、SAPO-31、SAPO-37、SAPO-41、SM-3、MgAPSO-31、FU-9、NU-10、NU-23、ZSM-12、ZSM-22、ZSM-23、ZSM-35、ZSM-48、ZSM-50、ZSM-57、MeAPO-11、MeAPO-31、MeAPO-41、MeAPSO-11、MeAPSO-31、MeAPSO-41、MeAPSO-46、ELAPO-11、ELAPO-31、ELAPO-41、ELAPSO-11、ELAPSO-31、ELAPSO-41、濁沸石、鈣霞石、鉀沸石、輝沸石之氫形式、絲光沸石之鎂或鈣形式、及潘諾霞石之鎂或鈣形式，其中每一種均可單獨或組合使用。ALPO-31係闡述於美國專利第4,310,440號中。SAPO-11、SAPO-31、SAPO-37、及SAPO-41係闡述於美國專利第4,440,871號中。SM-3係闡述於美國專利第4,943,424號、美國專利第5,087,347號、美國專利第5,158,665號、及美國專利第5,208,005號中。MgAPSO係MeAPSO，其係金屬矽磷酸鋁分子篩之縮寫，其中該金屬Me係鎂(Mg)。適宜MeAPSO-31觸媒包括MgAPSO-31。MeAPSO係闡述於美國專利第4,793,984號中，且MgAPSO係闡述於美國專利第4,758,419號中。MgAPSO-31係較佳MgAPSO，其中31意指MgAPSO具有結構類型31。許多具有初始低孔徑之天然沸石(例如鎂鹼沸石)可藉由銨離子交換及焙燒去除所結合鹼金屬或鹼土金屬而轉化為適合於烯烴骨架異構化作用之形式以製造實質上之氫形式，如美國專利第4,795,623號及美國專利第4,924,027號中所教示。骨架異構化作用之其他觸媒及條件係闡述於美國專利第5,510,306號、美國專利第5,082,956號、及美國專利第5,741,759號中。
異構化作用觸媒亦可包含選自由下列組成之群之變性劑：鑭、鈰、鐠、釹、釤、釷、鋱、及其混合物，如美國專利第5,716,897號及美國專利第5,851,949號中所闡述。其他適宜載體材料包括ZSM-22、ZSM-23、及ZSM-35，在美國專利第5,246,566號及標題為"New molecular sieve process for lube dewaxing by wax isomerization"且由S,J,Miller所撰寫(Microporous Materials 2(1994)439-449)之文章中闡述其可用作脫蠟。美國專利第4,310,440號、美國專利第4,440,871號、美國專利第4,793,984號、美國專利第4,758,419號、美國專利第4,943,424號、美國專利第5,087,347號、美國專利第5,158,665號、美國專利第5,208,005號、美國專利第5,246,566號、美國專利第5,716,897號、及美國專利第5,851,949號之教示係以引用方式併入本文中。
美國專利第5,444,032號及美國專利第5,608,968號教示適宜雙功能觸媒，其係由非晶形二氧化矽-氧化鋁凝膠及一或多種屬於VIIIA族之金屬構成且在含有多於15個碳原子之長鏈正構鏈烷烴之加氫異構化中有效。亦可使用活性碳觸媒載體。美國專利第5,981,419號及美國專利第5,908,134號教示包含以下之適宜雙功能觸媒：(a)與選自硼-矽酸鹽(BOR-B)及硼-鋁-矽酸鹽(Al-BOR-B)之β-沸石等結構之多孔結晶材料，其中SiO2 :Al2 O3 之莫耳比大於300:1；(b)一或多種屬於VIIIA族且選自鉑及鈀之金屬，其數量在0.05-5重量%範圍內。Article V. Calemma等人，App. Catal. A:Gen.,190(2000),207教示又一適宜觸媒。
異構化作用觸媒可為任何業內所熟知之彼等，例如上文所闡述及引用之彼等。異構化作用條件包括150℃至360℃之溫度及1724kPa絕對壓力(250psia)至4726kPa絕對壓力(700psia)之壓力。在另一實施例中，異構化作用條件包括300℃至360℃之溫度及3102kPa絕對壓力(450psia)至3792kPa絕對壓力(550psia)之壓力。異構化作用區之其他作業條件已為業內所熟知。於低壓下作業使得可在不使用補充壓縮機之情況下視需要自另一單元(例如氫站)引入氫，此可為減少或消除氫再循環之選擇。當不對氫實施再循環時，引入異構化作用區之氫量將僅稍微大於所消耗量，即超過消耗需求之5-25%。
現在經由一或多個分離步驟處理最終流出物流(即實施所有反應後所獲得之物流)以獲得可用作柴油燃料之經純化烴流。由於最終流出物流包含液體組份及氣體組份二者，欲對各個部分實施再循環，且可使用多步分離步驟。舉例而言，在異構化作用流出物分離器中可首先分離出氫，其中所分離氫隨塔頂流出物移出。異構化作用流出物分離器之適宜作業條件包括(例如)230℃之溫度及4100kPa絕對壓力(600psia)之壓力。若存在低濃度氧化碳，或已去除氧化碳，則氫可再循環回熱高壓氫汽提塔，以用作汽提氣體及與剩餘部分合併作為塔底流出物。將剩餘部分輸送至異構化作用反應區且因此氫變為異構化作用反應區進料流之組份，以為反應器提供必需氫分壓。氫亦係去氧作用反應器中之反應物，且不同原料將消耗不同量之氫。異構化作用流出物分離器使得製程即使在第一反應區中消耗較大量氫時亦可靈活作業。此外，可將異構化作用流出物分離器之至少部分剩餘部分或塔底流出物再循環至異構化作用反應區中以提高異構化作用程度。
去除氫後最終流出物之剩餘部分仍具有液體及氣體組份，且藉由諸如空氣冷卻或水冷卻等技術將其冷卻並輸送至低溫分離器中，其中液體組份與氣體組份分離。低溫分離器之適宜作業條件包括(例如)20-60℃之溫度及3850kPa絕對壓力(560psia)之壓力。亦分離出水副產物流。在冷卻並與氣體組份分離後，至少部分液體組份可再循環回異構化作用區以提高異構化作用程度。進入低溫分離器之前，最終流出物流之剩餘部分可與熱高壓氫汽提塔塔頂流出物合併，且可將所產生合併物流引入低溫分離器中。
液體組份含有可用作柴油燃料之烴(稱作柴油燃料系列烴)及較小量石腦油及LPG。可回收所分離之液體組份作為柴油燃料或在產物汽提塔中將其進一步純化，該產物汽提塔分離出較低沸點組份並將氣體溶解至來自含有C8 至C24 正烷烴及具支鏈烷烴之柴油產物之LPG及石腦油流中。產物汽提塔之適宜作業條件包括20-200℃之塔頂溫度及0-1379kPa絕對壓力(0 to 200psia)之壓力。
在脫丁烷塔或脫丙烷塔中可進一步分離LPG及石腦油流以將LPG分離至塔頂流出物中，將石腦油留在塔底流出物中。此單元之適宜作業條件包括20-200℃之塔頂溫度及0-2758kPa絕對壓力(0-400psia)之壓力。LPG可作為有價值產物銷售或可用於其他製程，例如氫生產設備之進料。同樣，石腦油可用於其他製程，例如氫生產設備之進料、重整製程之共進料，或可在(例如)汽油摻合池中用作燃料摻合組份。
產物分離器中所分離之氣體組份主要包含來自脫羧反應之氫及二氧化碳。亦可能存在其他組份，例如一氧化碳、丙烷、及硫化氫或其他含硫組份。期望將氫再循環至異構化作用區，但若未去除二氧化碳，其濃度將迅速增大並影響異構化作用區之作業。可藉由業內所熟知之方法(例如與熱碳酸鹽溶液反應、變壓吸收等)自氫中去除二氧化碳。可使用胺吸收器，如檔案號H0013966及檔案號H0017132之共同待決申請案所教示，其係以引用方式併入本文中。若需要，可藉由再生廢吸收介質來回收實質上純淨之二氧化碳。
同樣，可存在含硫組份(例如硫化氫)以維持去氧作用觸媒之硫化狀態或控制皆在去氧作用區中發生之脫羧反應及加氫反應二者之相對量。一般控制硫量且因此在氫再循環之前必須將其去除。可使用諸如用胺吸收或鹼洗等技術去除硫組份。當然，依據所用技術，可在單一分離步驟(例如氫選擇性膜)中去除二氧化碳及含硫組份、及其他組份。
去除至少二氧化碳後可將所剩餘之氫再循環至主要發生加氫作用之反應區中，及/或再循環至任何後續床或反應器中。可將再循環流引入反應區之入口及/或任何後續床或反應器中。再循環烴之一個益處係控制跨越各床之溫升。然而，如上所述，再循環烴之量可根據反應區中所期望氫溶解度來確定，其超過用於溫度控制之量。增大反應混合物中氫溶解度使得可在較低壓下成功作業，且因此降低成本。
下述實施例係用於說明本發明且不意欲作為對申請專利範圍中所述本發明廣泛範圍之不適當限制。首先，參考圖1概述製程。然後，參考圖2更詳細地描述製程。
參見圖1，可再生原料102與再循環氫126一起進入去氧反應區104。在熱高壓氫汽提塔108中使用氫114a汽提去氧產物106。用塔頂流出物110中之氫將氧化碳及水蒸氣移除。將經選擇性汽提之去氧產物與再循環氫126a及補充氫114b一起輸送至異構化作用區116中。將異構化產物118與塔頂流出物110合併並輸送至回收區120中。自產物回收區120中去除氧化碳流128、輕餾分流130、水副產物流124、氫流126、及富含具支鏈之鏈烷烴產物122。可收集富含具支鏈之鏈烷烴產物122用作柴油燃料且將氫流126再循環至去氧反應區104中。
參見圖2，製程始於可經由視需要選用之進料收集器輸送之可再生原料流2。將原料流與再循環氣體流68及再循環流16合併形成合併進料流20，其與反應器流出物發生熱交換後，被引入去氧作用反應器4中。熱交換可於再循環烴與進料合併之前或之後發生。去氧作用反應器4可含有顯示於圖2中之多層床，例如4a、4b及4c。去氧作用反應器4含有至少一種能催化原料之脫羧基作用及/或加氫去氧作用以去除氧之觸媒。自去氧反應器4中移出含有脫羧基及/或加氫去氧反應產物之去氧反應器流出物流6，並與含有送進去氧反應器之進料之物流20發生熱交換。物流6包含主要含有柴油沸程正構鏈烷烴烴之液體組份及主要含有氫、氣態水、一氧化碳、二氧化碳及丙烷之氣體組份。
然後將去氧反應器流出物流6引導至熱高壓氫汽提塔8中。將管線10中之補充氫分為兩部分，流10a及10b。亦將流10a中之補充氫引入熱高壓氫汽提塔8中。在熱高壓氫汽提塔8中，使用補充氫10a及再循環氫28，自去氧反應器流出物6之液體組份中選擇性汽提去氧反應器流出物6之氣體組份。將包含氫、氣態水、一氧化碳、二氧化碳及至少部分丙烷之溶解氣體組份選擇性地分離至熱高壓氫汽提塔塔頂流出物14中。移出主要包含正構鏈烷烴(碳原子數為8至24且十六烷值為60至100)之去氧反應器流出物6之剩餘液體組份作為熱高壓氫汽提塔塔底流出物12。
部分熱高壓氫汽提塔塔底流出物形成再循環流16並與可再生原料流2合併以產生經合併進料20。可將再循環流16之另一部分視需要選用之物流16a直接輸送至去氧反應器4中並將其引入級間位置(例如床4a與4b之間及/或床4b與4c之間)以(例如)輔助溫度控制。將流12中熱高壓氫汽提塔塔底流出物之剩餘部分與氫流10b合併以形成輸送至異構化作用反應器22之合併物流18。流18可與異構化作用反應器流出物24進行熱交換。
將含有氫及丙烷氣體部分及富含具支鏈之鏈烷烴之液體部分之異構化作用反應器產物移出至管線24中，且視需要與流18進行熱交換後，將其引入氫分離器26中。來自氫分離器26之塔頂流出物28主要含有氫，其可再循環回熱高壓氫汽提塔8中。使用空氣冷卻器32空氣冷卻來自氫分離器26之塔底流出物30並將其引入產物分離器34中。在產物分離器34中，將包含氫、一氧化碳、硫化氫、二氧化碳及丙烷之物流之氣體部分移出至流36中，同時將流之液體烴部分移出至流38中。亦可自產物分離器34中去除水副產物流40。將流38引入產物汽提塔42中，其中將具有較高相對揮發性之組份分離至流44中，且將剩餘柴油範圍組份自產物汽提塔42中抽出至管線46。將流44引入分餾器48中，可對其作業將LPG分離至塔頂流出物50中，留下石腦油塔底流出物52。可使用任何視需要選用之管線72、74或76以將至少部分異構化作用區流出物再循環回異構化作用區以提高異構化為具支鏈之鏈烷烴之正構鏈烷烴之量。
來自產物分離器34之蒸氣流36含有異構化作用流出物之氣體部分，其包含至少氫、一氧化碳、硫化氫、二氧化碳及丙烷，並將其引導至胺吸收器系統以自蒸氣流中分離出二氧化碳及硫化氫。由於氫成本高，故期望將氫再循環至去氧反應器4中，但不期望循環二氧化碳或過量含硫組份。為了自氫中分離出含硫組份及二氧化碳，自第一胺吸收器區56開始使蒸氣流36流經至少兩個胺吸收器之系統(亦稱作洗滌器)。第一胺洗滌器56中所選用之胺係能選擇性去除至少兩個目標組份二氧化碳及硫組份(例如硫化氫)。適宜胺可自DOW及自BASF購得，且在一實施例中，該等胺係經促進或活化的甲基二乙醇胺(MDEA)。參見美國專利第6,337,059號，其係全文以引用方式併入本文中。用於第一胺吸收器區之來自DOW之適宜胺包括UCARSOLTM AP系列溶劑，例如AP802、AP804、AP806、AP810及AP814。藉由胺吸收二氧化碳及硫化氫，而氫流經第一胺洗滌器區並進入管線68中以再循環至第一反應區中。使胺再生並釋放二氧化碳及硫化氫且將其移至管線62中。在第一胺吸收器區內，經再生胺可再循環以再次使用。使管線62中所釋放二氧化碳及硫化氫流經第二胺洗滌器區58，其含有對硫化氫具有選擇性但對二氧化碳不具選擇性之胺。同樣，適宜胺可自DOW及自BASF購得，且在一實施例中，該等胺係經促進或活化的MDEA。用於第二胺吸收器區之來自DOW之適宜胺包括UCARSOLTM HS系列溶劑，例如HS101、HS102、HS103、HS104、HS115。因此，二氧化碳流經第二胺洗滌器區58並進入管線66中。可使胺再生，其將硫化氫釋放至管線60中。然後再利用經再生胺，且硫化氫可再循環至去氧反應區中。第一洗滌器區之條件包括範圍為30-60℃之溫度。第一吸收器係在與反應區基本相同之壓力下作業。"基本"意指第一吸收器之作業壓力與反應區作業壓力之差值在1034kPa絕對壓力(150psia)以內。舉例而言，第一吸收器之壓力低於反應區壓力之量不大於1034kPa絕對壓力(150psia)。第二胺吸收器區係於範圍為138kPa絕對壓力(20psia)至241kPa絕對壓力(35psia)之壓力下作業。此外，至少第一吸收器係於比分離器溫度高至少1℃之溫度下作業。保持吸收器作業溫度較分離器更高以將任何輕質烴維持在氣相中並防止輕質烴冷凝至吸收器溶劑中。
2．．．可再生原料流
4．．．去氧作用反應器
4a．．．床
4b．．．床
4c．．．床
6．．．去氧作用反應器流出物流
8．．．熱高壓氫汽提塔
10．．．管線
10a．．．補充氫流
10b．．．補充氫流
12．．．熱高壓氫汽提塔塔底流出物
14．．．熱高壓氫汽提塔塔頂流出物
16．．．再循環流
16a．．．視需要選用之物流
18．．．合併物流
20．．．經合併進料流
22．．．異構化作用反應器
24．．．異構化作用反應器流出物(管線)
26．．．氫分離器
28．．．塔頂流出物(再循環氫)
30．．．塔底流出物
32．．．空氣冷卻器
34．．．產物分離器
36．．．蒸氣流
38．．．流
40．．．水副產物流
42．．．產物汽提塔
44．．．流
46．．．管線
48．．．分餾器
50．．．塔頂流出物
52．．．石腦油塔底流出物
56．．．第一胺吸收器區
58．．．第二胺洗滌器區
60．．．管線
62．．．管線
66．．．管線
68．．．再循環氣體流
72．．．視需要選用之管線
74．．．視需要選用之管線
76．．．視需要選用之管線
102．．．可再生原料
104．．．去氧反應區
106．．．去氧產物
108．．．熱高壓氫汽提塔
110．．．塔頂流出物
114a．．．氫
114b．．．補充氫
116．．．異構化作用區
118．．．異構化產物
120．．．產物回收區
122．．．富含具支鏈之鏈烷烴產物
124．．．水副產物流
126．．．再循環氫
128．．．氧化碳流
130．．．輕餾分流
圖1及圖2係本發明一個實施例之示意圖。圖1係更簡化的示意圖，而圖2更詳細。
2．．．可再生原料流
4．．．去氧作用反應器
4a．．．床
4b．．．床
4c．．．床
6．．．去氧作用反應器流出物流
8．．．熱高壓氫汽提塔
10．．．管線
10a．．．補充氫流
10b．．．補充氫流
12．．．熱高壓氫汽提塔塔底流出物
14．．．熱高壓氫汽提塔塔頂流出物
16．．．再循環流
16a．．．視需要選用之物流
18．．．合併物流
20．．．經合併進料流
22．．．異構化作用反應器
24．．．異構化作用反應器流出物(管線)
26．．．氫分離器
28．．．塔頂流出物(再循環氫)
30．．．塔底流出物
32．．．空氣冷卻器
34．．．產物分離器
36．．．蒸氣流
38．．．流
40．．．水副產物流
42．．．產物汽提塔
44．．．流
46．．．管線
48．．．分餾器
50．．．塔頂流出物
52．．．石腦油塔底流出物
56．．．第一胺吸收器區
58．．．第二胺洗滌器區
60．．．管線
62．．．管線
66．．．管線
68．．．再循環氣體流
72．．．視需要選用之管線
74．．．視需要選用之管線
76．．．視需要選用之管線

Claims (10)

  1. 一種由可再生原料製造富含具支鏈之鏈烷烴之柴油沸程烴產物之方法，其包含：a)在氫存在之反應條件下，在第一反應區中，由該原料使用觸媒進行加氫及去氧來處理該原料，以提供包含氫、二氧化碳、及烴餾分之第一反應區產物流，該烴餾分包含柴油沸程內之正構鏈烷烴；及b)在熱高壓氫汽提塔中，自該第一反應區產物流中選擇性分離出包含至少部分氫、水、及氧化碳之氣體流，並將包含至少該等正構鏈烷烴之剩餘部分流引入第二反應區中，以在異構化作用條件下與異構化作用觸媒接觸，使至少部分該等正構鏈烷烴進行異構化，並產生富含具支鏈之鏈烷烴之物流。
  2. 如請求項1之方法，其進一步包含：c)將該富含具支鏈之鏈烷烴之物流與該氣體流合併以形成合併物流；d)冷卻該合併物流並將包含至少氫及二氧化碳之氣體組份自液體烴組份及水組份中分離；及e)回收該液體烴組份。
  3. 如請求項1之方法，其進一步包含自該富含具支鏈之鏈烷烴之物流中去除至少部分氫，並將自該富含具支鏈之鏈烷烴之物流中去除之氫再循環至該熱高壓氫汽提塔中。
  4. 如請求項2之方法，其進一步包含將包含至少氫及二氧化碳之該氣體組份再循環至該第一反應區中，將該液體烴組份分離至LPG及石腦油流及柴油沸程物流中，將該LPG及石腦油流分離成LPG流及石腦油流，及將至少部分該石腦油流再循環至該第二反應區中。
  5. 如請求項1之方法，其進一步包括使包含至少該等正構鏈烷烴之一部分剩餘物流再循環至該第一反應區中，其中再循環與原料之體積比為2:1至8:1之範圍內。
  6. 如請求項1之方法，其中該第一反應區中之該等反應條件包括40℃至400℃之溫度及689kPa絕對壓力(100psia)至13,790kPa絕對壓力(2000psia)之壓力，且其中該熱高壓氫汽提塔之作業壓力與該第一反應區壓力之差值係在1034kPa絕對壓力(150psia)以內。
  7. 如請求項1之方法，其進一步包括將至少部分該富含具支鏈之鏈烷烴之物流再循環至該第二反應區中。
  8. 如請求項4之方法，其進一步包括在該氣體組份再循環至該第一反應區中之前，先自該氣體組份流中分離出二氧化碳，及在將該氣體組份再循環至該第一反應區中之前，先自該氣體組份流中分離出硫組份。
  9. 如請求項1之方法，其中該第二反應區係於大於該第一反應區壓力至少345kPa絕對壓力(50psia)之壓力下作業。
  10. 如請求項1之方法，其中該可再生原料係選自由下列組成之群：芥花油、玉米油、豆油、油菜籽油、大豆油、菜籽油、妥爾油(tall oil)、葵花油、大麻子油、橄欖油、亞麻籽油、椰子油、蓖麻油、花生油、棕櫚油、芥子油、棉籽油、麻風籽油、牛脂、黃色及褐色油脂、豬脂、鯨油、乳脂肪、魚油、海藻油、污泥、麻風樹油(ratanjoy oil)、野生蓖麻油、麻風樹油(jangli erandi oil)、紫荊木精油(mohuwa oil)、水黃皮(Karanji Honge)油、印度楝樹油、及其混合物，且可視情況包含至少一種選自由下列組成之群之共進料：石油衍生烴、廢機油、工業潤滑劑、廢鏈烷烴、自煤之氣化及之後的下游液化步驟獲得之液體、自生物質之氣化及之後的下游液化步驟獲得之液體、自天然氣之氣化及之後的下游液化步驟獲得之液體、自廢塑料之熱或化學解聚獲得之液體、及自石油化學及化學製程產生之合成油副產物。
TW097135510A 2007-09-20 2008-09-16 由生物可再生原料製造柴油燃料 TWI390030B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US97378807P 2007-09-20 2007-09-20
US12/193,156 US7999142B2 (en) 2007-09-20 2008-08-18 Production of diesel fuel from biorenewable feedstocks

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
TW200920834A TW200920834A (en) 2009-05-16
TWI390030B true TWI390030B (zh) 2013-03-21

Family

ID=40468268

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
TW097135510A TWI390030B (zh) 2007-09-20 2008-09-16 由生物可再生原料製造柴油燃料

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US7999142B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP2190955A4 (zh)
CN (1) CN101802145A (zh)
AR (1) AR068490A1 (zh)
CL (1) CL2008002755A1 (zh)
PE (1) PE20090923A1 (zh)
TW (1) TWI390030B (zh)
WO (1) WO2009038965A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (108)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2007744B1 (en) 2006-04-03 2017-05-17 Pharmatherm Chemicals Inc. Thermal extraction method for producing a taxane extract
FR2917423B1 (fr) * 2007-06-12 2012-11-30 Inst Francais Du Petrole Hydrotraitement en deux etapes d'une charge issue d'une source renouvelable mettant en oeuvre un premier catalyseur metallique et un deuxieme catalyseur sulfure
FR2917424B1 (fr) * 2007-06-12 2012-10-19 Inst Francais Du Petrole Production de charges de vapocraquage a haut rendement en ethylene, propylene et polymeres resultants par hydrotraitement d'huile vegetales
US7999143B2 (en) * 2007-09-20 2011-08-16 Uop Llc Production of diesel fuel from renewable feedstocks with reduced hydrogen consumption
US8003834B2 (en) * 2007-09-20 2011-08-23 Uop Llc Integrated process for oil extraction and production of diesel fuel from biorenewable feedstocks
US7915460B2 (en) * 2007-09-20 2011-03-29 Uop Llc Production of diesel fuel from biorenewable feedstocks with heat integration
US7982076B2 (en) 2007-09-20 2011-07-19 Uop Llc Production of diesel fuel from biorenewable feedstocks
US20090077864A1 (en) * 2007-09-20 2009-03-26 Marker Terry L Integrated Process of Algae Cultivation and Production of Diesel Fuel from Biorenewable Feedstocks
US7982077B2 (en) 2007-09-20 2011-07-19 Uop Llc Production of diesel fuel from biorenewable feedstocks with selective separation of converted oxygen
US7982078B2 (en) 2007-09-20 2011-07-19 Uop Llc Production of diesel fuel from biorenewable feedstocks with selective separation of converted oxygen
US7982075B2 (en) * 2007-09-20 2011-07-19 Uop Llc Production of diesel fuel from biorenewable feedstocks with lower hydrogen consumption
US7905990B2 (en) 2007-11-20 2011-03-15 Ensyn Renewables, Inc. Rapid thermal conversion of biomass
JP2011505490A (ja) 2007-12-03 2011-02-24 ジーヴォ，インコーポレイテッド 再生可能組成物
US8575409B2 (en) 2007-12-20 2013-11-05 Syntroleum Corporation Method for the removal of phosphorus
US20090162264A1 (en) * 2007-12-21 2009-06-25 Mccall Michael J Production of Aviation Fuel from Biorenewable Feedstocks
US8742183B2 (en) * 2007-12-21 2014-06-03 Uop Llc Production of aviation fuel from biorenewable feedstocks
US8039682B2 (en) 2008-03-17 2011-10-18 Uop Llc Production of aviation fuel from renewable feedstocks
US8058492B2 (en) 2008-03-17 2011-11-15 Uop Llc Controlling production of transportation fuels from renewable feedstocks
US8193399B2 (en) * 2008-03-17 2012-06-05 Uop Llc Production of diesel fuel and aviation fuel from renewable feedstocks
US8198492B2 (en) * 2008-03-17 2012-06-12 Uop Llc Production of transportation fuel from renewable feedstocks
US8193400B2 (en) * 2008-03-17 2012-06-05 Uop Llc Production of diesel fuel from renewable feedstocks
AU2009233957B2 (en) * 2008-04-06 2013-09-26 Battelle Memorial Institute Fuel and fuel blending components from biomass derived pyrolysis oil
US8329967B2 (en) * 2008-04-06 2012-12-11 Uop Llc Production of blended fuel from renewable feedstocks
US8324438B2 (en) * 2008-04-06 2012-12-04 Uop Llc Production of blended gasoline and blended aviation fuel from renewable feedstocks
US8329968B2 (en) * 2008-04-06 2012-12-11 Uop Llc Production of blended gasoline aviation and diesel fuels from renewable feedstocks
US20090300971A1 (en) * 2008-06-04 2009-12-10 Ramin Abhari Biorenewable naphtha
US8581013B2 (en) 2008-06-04 2013-11-12 Syntroleum Corporation Biorenewable naphtha composition and methods of making same
WO2009152873A1 (en) * 2008-06-17 2009-12-23 Upm-Kymmene Oyj An integrated process for producing diesel fuel from biological material and products and uses relating to said process
US8766025B2 (en) 2008-06-24 2014-07-01 Uop Llc Production of paraffinic fuel from renewable feedstocks
US8304592B2 (en) * 2008-06-24 2012-11-06 Uop Llc Production of paraffinic fuel from renewable feedstocks
US20090321311A1 (en) * 2008-06-27 2009-12-31 Uop Llc Production of diesel fuel from renewable feedstocks containing phosphorus
US7968757B2 (en) * 2008-08-21 2011-06-28 Syntroleum Corporation Hydrocracking process for biological feedstocks and hydrocarbons produced therefrom
US7982079B2 (en) 2008-09-11 2011-07-19 Uop Llc Integrated process for production of diesel fuel from renewable feedstocks and ethanol denaturizing
US9447339B2 (en) 2008-11-06 2016-09-20 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Hydroprocessing of biodiesel fuels and blends
US8231804B2 (en) 2008-12-10 2012-07-31 Syntroleum Corporation Even carbon number paraffin composition and method of manufacturing same
US8921627B2 (en) * 2008-12-12 2014-12-30 Uop Llc Production of diesel fuel from biorenewable feedstocks using non-flashing quench liquid
US8471079B2 (en) * 2008-12-16 2013-06-25 Uop Llc Production of fuel from co-processing multiple renewable feedstocks
US8283506B2 (en) * 2008-12-17 2012-10-09 Uop Llc Production of fuel from renewable feedstocks using a finishing reactor
US8314274B2 (en) * 2008-12-17 2012-11-20 Uop Llc Controlling cold flow properties of transportation fuels from renewable feedstocks
US8915981B2 (en) 2009-04-07 2014-12-23 Gas Technology Institute Method for producing methane from biomass
US9447328B2 (en) 2009-04-07 2016-09-20 Gas Technology Institute Hydropyrolysis of biomass for producing high quality liquid fuels
US20100251600A1 (en) * 2009-04-07 2010-10-07 Gas Technology Institute Hydropyrolysis of biomass for producing high quality liquid fuels
JP2013503946A (ja) * 2009-09-08 2013-02-04 エクソンモービル リサーチ アンド エンジニアリング カンパニー 脂質材料を含有する原料油からの燃料製造
HU231091B1 (hu) 2009-09-30 2020-07-28 Mol Magyar Olaj- És Gázipari Nyilvánosan Működő Részvénytársaság Belső égésű motoroknál használható hajtóanyagok és hajtóanyag-adalékok, valamint eljárás ezek előállítására
FR2951734B1 (fr) * 2009-10-27 2012-08-03 Inst Francais Du Petrole Procede d'hydrotraitement de charges issues de sources renouvelables avec chauffe indirecte
FR2951733B1 (fr) * 2009-10-27 2012-08-10 Inst Francais Du Petrole Procede d'hydrotraitement de charges issues de sources renouvelables avec chauffe indirecte mettant en oeuvre un catalyseur a base de molybdene
FR2951732B1 (fr) * 2009-10-27 2012-08-03 Inst Francais Du Petrole Procede d'hydrotraitement de charges issues de sources renouvelables avec chauffe indirecte mettant en oeuvre un catalyseur a base de nickel et de molybdene presentant un rapport atomique particulier
US8471081B2 (en) 2009-12-28 2013-06-25 Uop Llc Production of diesel fuel from crude tall oil
EP2521705A4 (en) 2010-01-08 2014-06-18 Gevo Inc INTEGRATED METHODS OF MANUFACTURING RENEWABLE CHEMICALS
PL2348091T3 (pl) * 2010-01-12 2013-04-30 Ifp Energies Now Sposób bezpośredniego hydroupłynniania biomasy obejmujący dwa etapy hydrokonwersji na złożu wrzącym
US8394900B2 (en) 2010-03-18 2013-03-12 Syntroleum Corporation Profitable method for carbon capture and storage
US8575408B2 (en) * 2010-03-30 2013-11-05 Uop Llc Use of a guard bed reactor to improve conversion of biofeedstocks to fuel
WO2011140560A1 (en) 2010-05-07 2011-11-10 Gevo, Inc. Renewable jet fuel blendstock from isobutanol
US20110284359A1 (en) 2010-05-20 2011-11-24 Uop Llc Processes for controlling afterburn in a reheater and for controlling loss of entrained solid particles in combustion product flue gas
FI125931B (fi) * 2010-05-25 2016-04-15 Upm Kymmene Corp Menetelmä ja laitteisto hiilivetyjen valmistamiseksi
US8499702B2 (en) 2010-07-15 2013-08-06 Ensyn Renewables, Inc. Char-handling processes in a pyrolysis system
CN101899318A (zh) * 2010-07-23 2010-12-01 浙江大学 一种植物油脂催化加氢脱氧制备柴油类烃的方法
CN102464998B (zh) * 2010-11-05 2014-07-23 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种动植物油脂催化加氢生产优质柴油的方法
US9193926B2 (en) 2010-12-15 2015-11-24 Uop Llc Fuel compositions and methods based on biomass pyrolysis
US9039790B2 (en) 2010-12-15 2015-05-26 Uop Llc Hydroprocessing of fats, oils, and waxes to produce low carbon footprint distillate fuels
CN102061190A (zh) * 2011-01-21 2011-05-18 东南大学 一种生物油及其衍生物催化加氢的装置和方法
US9441887B2 (en) 2011-02-22 2016-09-13 Ensyn Renewables, Inc. Heat removal and recovery in biomass pyrolysis
US8785709B2 (en) 2011-03-30 2014-07-22 University Of Louisville Research Foundation, Inc. Catalytic isomerisation of linear olefinic hydrocarbons
US8900443B2 (en) 2011-04-07 2014-12-02 Uop Llc Method for multi-staged hydroprocessing using quench liquid
US8841495B2 (en) 2011-04-18 2014-09-23 Gas Technology Institute Bubbling bed catalytic hydropyrolysis process utilizing larger catalyst particles and smaller biomass particles featuring an anti-slugging reactor
EP2699618A4 (en) 2011-04-19 2014-12-17 Gevo Inc VARIATIONS OF A PRINS REACTION FOR THE PREPARATION OF 2,5-DIMETHYLHEXADIENE FROM ISOBUTANOL
US9347005B2 (en) 2011-09-13 2016-05-24 Ensyn Renewables, Inc. Methods and apparatuses for rapid thermal processing of carbonaceous material
US9044727B2 (en) 2011-09-22 2015-06-02 Ensyn Renewables, Inc. Apparatuses and methods for controlling heat for rapid thermal processing of carbonaceous material
US10041667B2 (en) 2011-09-22 2018-08-07 Ensyn Renewables, Inc. Apparatuses for controlling heat for rapid thermal processing of carbonaceous material and methods for the same
US10400175B2 (en) 2011-09-22 2019-09-03 Ensyn Renewables, Inc. Apparatuses and methods for controlling heat for rapid thermal processing of carbonaceous material
FR2982271B1 (fr) * 2011-11-08 2013-11-08 Ifp Energies Now Production de carburants paraffiniques a partir de matieres renouvelables par un procede d'hydrotraitement en continu comprenant une etape de pretraitement sous hydrogene
CN103102905B (zh) * 2011-11-10 2016-01-06 中国石油化工股份有限公司 生物油脂生产优质低凝点马达燃料的两段法加氢方法
CN103102911B (zh) * 2011-11-10 2016-01-06 中国石油化工股份有限公司 生物油脂生产低芳烃溶剂油的加氢方法
CN103102917B (zh) * 2011-11-10 2016-01-06 中国石油化工股份有限公司 生产低凝点马达燃料的两段法加氢方法
CN103102906B (zh) * 2011-11-10 2016-03-30 中国石油化工股份有限公司 生物油脂生产优质溶剂油的两段法加氢方法
US9109177B2 (en) 2011-12-12 2015-08-18 Ensyn Renewables, Inc. Systems and methods for renewable fuel
WO2013144041A1 (en) 2012-03-28 2013-10-03 Akzo Nobel Chemicals International B.V. Continuous process for the preparation of methanol by hydrogenation of carbon dioxide
US20130261360A1 (en) * 2012-03-30 2013-10-03 Uop Llc Methods and apparatuses for processing renewable feedstocks
CN103374409B (zh) * 2012-04-29 2016-01-06 中国石油化工股份有限公司 生产优质煤油的加氢组合方法
CN103374407B (zh) * 2012-04-29 2016-03-30 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种生产低凝点柴油的加氢方法
CN103374408B (zh) * 2012-04-29 2016-04-13 中国石油化工股份有限公司 生产低凝点柴油的加氢方法
US9670413B2 (en) 2012-06-28 2017-06-06 Ensyn Renewables, Inc. Methods and apparatuses for thermally converting biomass
US20140081065A1 (en) * 2012-09-20 2014-03-20 Ei Du Pont De Nemours And Company Process for making linear long chain alkanes using renewable feedstocks
US9024096B2 (en) 2012-12-11 2015-05-05 Lummus Technology Inc. Conversion of triacylglycerides-containing oils
US9162938B2 (en) 2012-12-11 2015-10-20 Chevron Lummus Global, Llc Conversion of triacylglycerides-containing oils to hydrocarbons
US9328303B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2016-05-03 Reg Synthetic Fuels, Llc Reducing pressure drop buildup in bio-oil hydroprocessing reactors
CN105189414A (zh) 2013-03-14 2015-12-23 纳幕尔杜邦公司 使用包含杂多酸的催化剂由可再生的原料制备直链的长链烷烃的方法
KR20150126616A (ko) 2013-03-14 2015-11-12 이 아이 듀폰 디 네모아 앤드 캄파니 헤테로폴리산을 포함하는 촉매를 사용하여 재생가능한 공급원료로부터 선형 장쇄 알칸을 제조하기 위한 방법
US20140296590A1 (en) * 2013-03-29 2014-10-02 Uop Llc Methods and apparatuses for processing renewable feedstocks
US8969259B2 (en) 2013-04-05 2015-03-03 Reg Synthetic Fuels, Llc Bio-based synthetic fluids
EP3013922A4 (en) 2013-06-26 2017-02-08 Ensyn Renewables, Inc. Systems and methods for renewable fuel
FI126812B (en) * 2013-11-21 2017-05-31 Upm Kymmene Corp INTEGRATED PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF HYDROCARBON
US10988421B2 (en) 2013-12-06 2021-04-27 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Removal of bromine index-reactive compounds
US9650574B2 (en) 2014-07-01 2017-05-16 Gas Technology Institute Hydropyrolysis of biomass-containing feedstocks
US20160068453A1 (en) * 2014-09-10 2016-03-10 Uop Llc Methods for producing normal paraffin from a renewable feedstock
US9567264B2 (en) 2015-03-31 2017-02-14 Uop Llc Process for producing diesel fuel and aviation fuel from renewable feedstocks having improving yields
US10392566B2 (en) 2015-04-27 2019-08-27 Gas Technology Institute Co-processing for control of hydropyrolysis processes and products thereof
WO2017034981A1 (en) 2015-08-21 2017-03-02 Ensyn Renewables, Inc. Liquid biomass heating system
US10647933B2 (en) 2015-11-12 2020-05-12 Gas Technology Institute Activated carbon as a high value product of hydropyrolysis
US9914880B2 (en) 2015-12-04 2018-03-13 Uop Llc Method of increasing the yield of aviation fuel from renewable feedstocks
EP3565664A4 (en) 2016-12-29 2020-08-05 Ensyn Renewables, Inc. LIQUID BIOMASS DEMETALLIZATION
CN113577812B (zh) * 2017-12-04 2023-03-17 碳回收国际公司 用于通过蒸馏和气提来分离溶解的气体的系统和方法
US11136514B2 (en) * 2019-06-07 2021-10-05 Uop Llc Process and apparatus for recycling hydrogen to hydroprocess biorenewable feed
CN117255714A (zh) 2021-01-15 2023-12-19 碳回收国际公司 甲醇合成反应器
US11772966B2 (en) 2021-03-29 2023-10-03 Uop Llc Integrated hydrogen production and bio-renewable conversion process
US11807532B2 (en) 2021-03-29 2023-11-07 Uop Llc Method of recovering a hydrogen enriched product and CO2 in a hydrogen production unit
US11814287B2 (en) 2021-03-29 2023-11-14 Uop Llc Method of producing a hydrogen-enriched product and recovering CO2 in a hydrogen production process unit
WO2023091805A1 (en) * 2021-11-22 2023-05-25 ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Company Integrated process for the manufacture of renewable diesel

Family Cites Families (91)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU578968B2 (en) * 1984-09-13 1988-11-10 Allegheny Ludlum Steel Corp. Method and apparatus for direct casting of crystalline strip by radiantly cooling
US5186722A (en) 1991-06-25 1993-02-16 Cantrell Research, Incorporated Hydrocarbon-based fuels from biomass
US5378348A (en) * 1993-07-22 1995-01-03 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Distillate fuel production from Fischer-Tropsch wax
CA2149685C (en) * 1994-06-30 1999-09-14 Jacques Monnier Conversion of depitched tall oil to diesel fuel additive
CA2439577C (en) 2002-09-06 2011-05-31 Fortum Oyj Process for producing a hydrocarbon component of biological origin
US7279018B2 (en) 2002-09-06 2007-10-09 Fortum Oyj Fuel composition for a diesel engine
US7232935B2 (en) 2002-09-06 2007-06-19 Fortum Oyj Process for producing a hydrocarbon component of biological origin
US7354507B2 (en) 2004-03-17 2008-04-08 Conocophillips Company Hydroprocessing methods and apparatus for use in the preparation of liquid hydrocarbons
WO2005123890A1 (en) 2004-06-22 2005-12-29 Akzo Nobel N.V. Branched biodiesels
US7491858B2 (en) 2005-01-14 2009-02-17 Fortum Oyj Method for the manufacture of hydrocarbons
BRPI0500591A (pt) * 2005-02-18 2006-10-03 Petroleo Brasileiro Sa processo para a hidroconversão de óleos vegetais
AU2006226062A1 (en) 2005-03-21 2006-09-28 Ben-Gurion University Of The Negev Research And Development Authority Production of diesel fuel from vegetable and animal oils
US7964761B2 (en) 2005-05-02 2011-06-21 University Of Utah Research Foundation Processes for catalytic conversion of lignin to liquid bio-fuels and novel bio-fuels
EP1719811A1 (en) 2005-05-04 2006-11-08 Albemarle Netherlands B.V. Process for producing liquid hydrocarbons from biomass
US20060264684A1 (en) * 2005-05-19 2006-11-23 Petri John A Production of diesel fuel from biorenewable feedstocks
PL1741767T3 (pl) * 2005-07-04 2015-12-31 Neste Oil Oyj Sposób wytwarzania węglowodorów w zakresie oleju napędowego
US8278492B2 (en) 2005-07-05 2012-10-02 Neste Oil Oyj Process for the manufacture of diesel range hydrocarbons
US8022258B2 (en) 2005-07-05 2011-09-20 Neste Oil Oyj Process for the manufacture of diesel range hydrocarbons
BRPI0502577B1 (pt) 2005-07-07 2015-11-03 Petroleo Brasileiro Sa processo de craqueamento catalítico para produção de diesel a partir de óleos vegetais
US7928273B2 (en) 2005-08-29 2011-04-19 David Bradin Process for producing a renewable fuel in the gasoline or jet fuel range
US7754931B2 (en) 2005-09-26 2010-07-13 Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada As Represented By The Minister Of Natural Resources Production of high-cetane diesel fuel from low-quality biomass-derived feedstocks
WO2007064015A1 (ja) 2005-11-30 2007-06-07 Nippon Oil Corporation 軽油組成物
JP4878824B2 (ja) 2005-11-30 2012-02-15 Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 環境低負荷型燃料の製造方法および環境低負荷型燃料
JP4925653B2 (ja) 2005-11-30 2012-05-09 Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 液化燃料ガス組成物の製造方法
US7501546B2 (en) 2005-12-12 2009-03-10 Neste Oil Oj Process for producing a branched hydrocarbon component
US7850841B2 (en) 2005-12-12 2010-12-14 Neste Oil Oyj Process for producing a branched hydrocarbon base oil from a feedstock containing aldehyde and/or ketone
US7888542B2 (en) 2005-12-12 2011-02-15 Neste Oil Oyj Process for producing a saturated hydrocarbon component
US7998339B2 (en) 2005-12-12 2011-08-16 Neste Oil Oyj Process for producing a hydrocarbon component
US8053614B2 (en) 2005-12-12 2011-11-08 Neste Oil Oyj Base oil
US7459597B2 (en) 2005-12-13 2008-12-02 Neste Oil Oyj Process for the manufacture of hydrocarbons
US7550634B2 (en) 2006-01-30 2009-06-23 Conocophillips Company Process for converting triglycerides to hydrocarbons
BRPI0601403B1 (pt) * 2006-04-17 2015-11-03 Petroleo Brasileiro Sa processo de obtenção de n-parafinas a partir de óleo vegetal
BRPI0601460B1 (pt) 2006-04-26 2015-11-10 Petroleo Brasileiro Sa processo para hidroconversão de mistura de óleos orgânicos de diferentes origens
US7511181B2 (en) * 2006-05-02 2009-03-31 Uop Llc Production of diesel fuel from biorenewable feedstocks
ES2547913T3 (es) 2006-05-08 2015-10-09 Virent, Inc. Métodos para generar polioles
WO2007136873A2 (en) 2006-05-19 2007-11-29 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for decarboxylation of fatty acids and oils to produce paraffins or olefins
NZ572743A (en) 2006-05-25 2011-04-29 Bp Oil Int Hydrogenation process
FR2901804B1 (fr) 2006-05-30 2012-08-31 Inst Francais Du Petrole Procede de transformation de l'ethanol en base pour carburant diesel
US7880049B2 (en) 2006-06-06 2011-02-01 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Production of liquid alkanes in the jet fuel range (C8-C15) from biomass-derived carbohydrates
WO2007146636A1 (en) 2006-06-06 2007-12-21 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Catalytic process for producing furan derivatives from carbohydrates in a biphasic reactor
BRPI0712690B1 (pt) 2006-06-09 2022-06-14 Albemarle Netherlands B.V. Método para a hidrodesoxigenação de uma matéria-prima oxigenada
FI121425B (fi) 2006-06-14 2010-11-15 Neste Oil Oyj Prosessi perusöljyn valmistamiseksi
JP5757603B2 (ja) 2006-06-30 2015-07-29 ユニヴァーシティー オブ ノースダコタ 低温で安定なバイオジェット燃料の製造方法
FR2904324B1 (fr) 2006-07-27 2012-09-07 Total France Procede d'hydrotraitement d'une charge gazole, reacteur d'hydrotraitement pour la mise en oeuvre dudit procede, et unite d'hydroraffinage correspondante.
JP2010500465A (ja) 2006-08-16 2010-01-07 バイオイーコン インターナショナル ホールディング エヌ．ブイ． トリグリセリドと減圧軽油との混合物を水素化処理することによる直鎖状アルカンの製造方法
US7897824B2 (en) 2006-08-16 2011-03-01 Energy & Environmental Research Center Foundation Optimal energy pathway to renewable domestic and other fuels
US20080066374A1 (en) 2006-09-19 2008-03-20 Ben-Gurion University Of The Negev Research & Development Authority Reaction system for production of diesel fuel from vegetable and animals oils
BRPI0605006B1 (pt) 2006-11-30 2016-11-22 Petroleo Brasileiro Sa processo de obtenção de biolubrificantes e bioparafinas a partir do hidroprocessamento de misturas de ceras obtidas a partir de fontes renováveis e ceras de origem mineral
NZ577577A (en) 2006-12-01 2012-01-12 Univ North Carolina State Process for conversion of biomass to fuel
FR2910483B1 (fr) 2006-12-21 2010-07-30 Inst Francais Du Petrole Procede de conversion de charges issues de sources renouvelables en bases carburants gazoles de bonne qualite.
FR2910486B1 (fr) 2006-12-21 2009-02-13 Inst Francais Du Petrole Procede de conversion de charges issues de sources renouvelables pour produire des bases carburants gazoles de faible teneur en soufre et de cetane ameliore
FR2910485B1 (fr) 2006-12-22 2009-03-06 Inst Francais Du Petrole Procedes d'hydrotraitement d'un melange constitue d'huiles d'origine animale ou vegetale et de coupes petrolieres avec stripage intermediaire
FR2910484B1 (fr) 2006-12-22 2009-03-06 Inst Francais Du Petrole Procedes d'hydrotraitement d'un melange constitue d'huiles d'origine vegetale ou animale et de coupes petrolieres avec injection des huiles en trempe sur le dernier lit catalytique
US20080163543A1 (en) 2007-01-05 2008-07-10 Ramin Abhari Process for producing bio-derived fuel with alkyl ester and iso-paraffin components
MY146919A (en) 2007-02-20 2012-10-15 Shell Int Research Process for producing paraffinic hydrocarbons
FR2913024B1 (fr) 2007-02-27 2012-07-27 Total France Procede d'hydrotraitement d'une charge gazole, unite d'hydrotraitement pour la mise en oeuvre dudit procede, et unite d'hydroraffinage correspondante
WO2008105518A1 (ja) 2007-02-28 2008-09-04 National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology バイオディーゼル燃料の製造方法及びバイオディーゼル燃料組成物
US8053615B2 (en) 2007-03-08 2011-11-08 Virent Energy Systems, Inc. Synthesis of liquid fuels and chemicals from oxygenated hydrocarbons
PT103684A (pt) 2007-03-09 2008-09-09 Pedro Manuel Brito Da Silva Correia Biocombustiveis líquidos constituidos por dihidroximetilfurano, propanol e seu processo de produção a partir de polióis de origem agrícola
US7846323B2 (en) 2007-04-06 2010-12-07 Syntroleum Corporation Process for co-producing jet fuel and LPG from renewable sources
US7626063B2 (en) 2007-05-11 2009-12-01 Conocophillips Company Propane utilization in direct hydrotreating of oils and/or fats
ITMI20071044A1 (it) 2007-05-23 2008-11-24 Eni Spa Sistema e procedimento per l'idroconversione di oli pesanti
ITMI20071045A1 (it) 2007-05-23 2008-11-24 Eni Spa Procedimento per l'idroconversione di oli pesanti
US7425657B1 (en) 2007-06-06 2008-09-16 Battelle Memorial Institute Palladium catalyzed hydrogenation of bio-oils and organic compounds
US8143469B2 (en) 2007-06-11 2012-03-27 Neste Oil Oyj Process for producing branched hydrocarbons
FI121308B (fi) 2007-06-11 2010-09-30 Neste Oil Oyj Prosessi haaroittuneiden hiilivetyjen valmistamiseksi
US8048290B2 (en) 2007-06-11 2011-11-01 Neste Oil Oyj Process for producing branched hydrocarbons
FR2917424B1 (fr) 2007-06-12 2012-10-19 Inst Francais Du Petrole Production de charges de vapocraquage a haut rendement en ethylene, propylene et polymeres resultants par hydrotraitement d'huile vegetales
ITMI20071198A1 (it) 2007-06-14 2008-12-15 Eni Spa Procedimento migliorato per l'idroconversione di oli pesanti con sistemi a letto ebullato
US8119847B2 (en) 2007-06-15 2012-02-21 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Catalytic process for converting renewable resources into paraffins for use as diesel blending stocks
BRPI0702541A2 (pt) 2007-06-21 2009-02-10 Petroleo Brasileiro Sa processo de craqueamento catalÍtico para produÇço de diesel a partir de sementes de oleaginosas
US7955401B2 (en) 2007-07-16 2011-06-07 Conocophillips Company Hydrotreating and catalytic dewaxing process for making diesel from oils and/or fats
WO2009011639A2 (en) 2007-07-19 2009-01-22 Sunpine Ab Diesel range fuels from carboxylic acids with plant origin
WO2009013233A2 (en) 2007-07-20 2009-01-29 Upm-Kymmene Oyj Method and apparatus for producing liquid biofuel from solid biomass
FI20085400A0 (fi) 2007-11-09 2008-04-30 Upm Kymmene Oyj Menetelmä jäteveden integroidulle käsittelylle
US7838272B2 (en) 2007-07-25 2010-11-23 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Increased yield in gas-to-liquids processing via conversion of carbon dioxide to diesel via microalgae
US8523959B2 (en) 2007-07-26 2013-09-03 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Paraffinic biologically-derived distillate fuels with bio-oxygenates for improved lubricity and methods of making same
JP5288740B2 (ja) 2007-08-07 2013-09-11 Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 軽油組成物の製造方法
US7718051B2 (en) 2007-09-17 2010-05-18 Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc Conversion of crop seed oils to jet fuel and associated methods
WO2009039015A2 (en) 2007-09-18 2009-03-26 Sapphire Energy, Inc. Methods for refining hydrocarbon feedstocks
US7982078B2 (en) 2007-09-20 2011-07-19 Uop Llc Production of diesel fuel from biorenewable feedstocks with selective separation of converted oxygen
US7982075B2 (en) 2007-09-20 2011-07-19 Uop Llc Production of diesel fuel from biorenewable feedstocks with lower hydrogen consumption
US7982076B2 (en) 2007-09-20 2011-07-19 Uop Llc Production of diesel fuel from biorenewable feedstocks
US7982077B2 (en) 2007-09-20 2011-07-19 Uop Llc Production of diesel fuel from biorenewable feedstocks with selective separation of converted oxygen
US7999143B2 (en) 2007-09-20 2011-08-16 Uop Llc Production of diesel fuel from renewable feedstocks with reduced hydrogen consumption
US7915460B2 (en) 2007-09-20 2011-03-29 Uop Llc Production of diesel fuel from biorenewable feedstocks with heat integration
US20090077864A1 (en) 2007-09-20 2009-03-26 Marker Terry L Integrated Process of Algae Cultivation and Production of Diesel Fuel from Biorenewable Feedstocks
US8003834B2 (en) 2007-09-20 2011-08-23 Uop Llc Integrated process for oil extraction and production of diesel fuel from biorenewable feedstocks
US7815694B2 (en) 2007-09-27 2010-10-19 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Production of biofuels and biolubricants from a common feedstock
US8124572B2 (en) 2007-09-27 2012-02-28 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Production of biofuels and biolubricants from a common feedstock
WO2009025542A1 (en) 2008-02-26 2009-02-26 Ruslee Hussain Improved process of refining crude vegetable oil and animal fats for biodiesel feedstock

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2190955A4 (en) 2011-01-05
CN101802145A (zh) 2010-08-11
US20090077866A1 (en) 2009-03-26
WO2009038965A1 (en) 2009-03-26
US7999142B2 (en) 2011-08-16
CL2008002755A1 (es) 2009-07-31
EP2190955A1 (en) 2010-06-02
PE20090923A1 (es) 2009-07-18
AR068490A1 (es) 2009-11-18
TW200920834A (en) 2009-05-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
TWI390030B (zh) 由生物可再生原料製造柴油燃料
TWI383040B (zh) 用較低氫消耗自生物可再生原料製造柴油燃料之方法
CA2699897C (en) Production of diesel fuel from renewable feedstocks with reduced hydrogen consumption
US8283506B2 (en) Production of fuel from renewable feedstocks using a finishing reactor
US8003834B2 (en) Integrated process for oil extraction and production of diesel fuel from biorenewable feedstocks
US8853476B2 (en) Production of diesel fuel from biorenewable feedstocks with heat integration
US8193400B2 (en) Production of diesel fuel from renewable feedstocks
US8304592B2 (en) Production of paraffinic fuel from renewable feedstocks
US7982079B2 (en) Integrated process for production of diesel fuel from renewable feedstocks and ethanol denaturizing
US20090077868A1 (en) Production of Diesel Fuel from Biorenewable Feedstocks with Selective Separation of Converted Oxygen
CA2863031C (en) Process for producing biofuel from a renewable feedstock
JP2011515539A (ja) 再生可能供給原料からの輸送燃料の製造
US8921627B2 (en) Production of diesel fuel from biorenewable feedstocks using non-flashing quench liquid
WO2009158268A2 (en) Production of diesel fuel from renewable feedstocks containing phosphorus
US8766025B2 (en) Production of paraffinic fuel from renewable feedstocks