TWI383205B - Pixel structure and repair method thereof - Google Patents

Description

Pixel structure and its repair method

The present invention relates to a thin film transistor liquid crystal display, and more particularly to a pixel structure and a pixel repairing method for a thin film transistor liquid crystal display.

A Thin Film Transistor-Liquid Crystal Display (TFT-LCD) includes a thin film transistor substrate and a color filter substrate. The two substrates each have an electrode and the liquid crystal is filled between the two substrates. Penetration is determined by the voltage supplied to the electrodes.

The thin film transistor substrate has a plurality of gate lines and data lines, and each of the two gate lines and the two data lines are surrounded by a pixel to form a pixel, and the array of pixels is arranged. The display area of the thin film transistor.

The first to third figures show schematic diagrams of the pixel structure of the three conventional techniques. For the sake of brevity, only important elements are shown in the figure, and the minor elements are omitted. Referring to the first figure, each of the two gate lines 1 and the two data lines 3 define a pixel, so the first figure shows two pixel structures. Each of the pixels includes a gate 5, a source 7, a drain 9, a pixel electrode 11, and a common electrode line 13. The source 7, the drain 9, and the data line 3 are located in the same layer, and the source 7 is electrically connected to the data line 3. In addition, the pixel electrode 11 is located above the source 7, the drain 9, and the data line 3 and is electrically connected to the drain through a contact window (not shown). Pick up. Further, the common electrode line 13, the gate 5, and the gate line 1 are located in the same layer and are located below the source 7, the drain 9, and the data line 3. In each pixel, the pixel electrode 11 and the common electrode line 13 form a parallel plate capacitance as a storage capacitor of the pixel, and the storage capacitor is mainly for keeping the voltage of the charged pixel until the next update of the picture. time. The first figure shows a storage capacitor structure composed of a common electrode line 13, which is roughly in the form of an English letter "H".

With regard to the function, association and formation of the various elements in the first figure, reference is made to the documents already disclosed, for example as described in U.S. Patent No. 7,253,851.

The second figure shows another conventional pixel structure, which differs from the first figure in that the storage capacitor structure composed of the common electrode lines 13 is substantially in a bell shape; the third figure shows another conventional pixel structure. The difference from the first figure is that the storage capacitor structure composed of the common electrode lines 13 has a substantially "one" shape.

In the production process, factors such as process pollution, dust, static electricity, etc. may cause the signal of the pixel to be broken or short-circuited, causing the display of the pixel to be abnormal, causing defects such as bright spots, dark spots, and micro-bright spots. Among them, the bright spot defect is also bright when the black screen is full, and the human eye is easy to detect, so the pixel with the bright spot defect must be repaired into a dark spot. However, the conventional pixel structure causes some problems when the pixel is repaired.

The fourth to sixth figures take the "H" type storage capacitor structure of the first figure as an example, and show a laser repairing method in which a conventional pixel structure produces a bright spot defect. As shown in the fourth figure, the pixel electrode 11 and the common electrode line 13 are short-circuited 15 due to dust contamination of the process, and thus a bright spot defect is generated. As shown in the fifth figure, in order to repair the bright spot to a dark spot, laser repair is performed, so that the pixel electrode 11 is short-circuited with the gate line 1 by the laser light, but the short circuit of the common electrode line 13 and the pixel electrode 11 is 15 It also affects the gate signal and causes defects in the bright line. Therefore, the common electrode line 13 transmitted to this pixel must also be cut off. As shown in the sixth figure, the laser beam cut 19 is transmitted to the common electrode line 13 of the repaired pixel. When the common electrode line 13 is cut, the common electrode signal cannot be transmitted to the repaired pixel to form a dark spot.

In the above conventional pixel structure and repair method, when the common electrode line 13 is cut off, the common electrode signal is interrupted to be discontinuous when transmitted to the repaired pixel, affecting other pixels without defects; in addition, the known pixel Structure and repair methods are likely to cause other defects.

7A and 7B take the bell-type storage capacitor structure of the second figure as an example, showing other defects of the conventional pixel structure and repair method, wherein the seventh B is the seventh A picture in A-A' A cross-sectional view of the direction. FIG. 7B shows some minor components not shown in FIG. A, including a gate insulating layer 23, a passive layer 25, and a dielectric layer 27.

As shown in FIG. 7A, when the upper pixel occurrence pixel 11 and the common electrode line 13 are short-circuited 15 to produce a bright spot defect, the laser light is used to make the picture The element electrode 11 is short-circuited with the gate line 1, and is cut by the laser 29 (see FIG. 7B) 19 to the common electrode line 13 of this pixel.

However, as shown in FIG. 7B, since the pixel ratio is designed to obtain the maximum aperture ratio, the distance between the common electrode line 13 and the data line 3 is often designed to a minimum value due to the common electrode line 13 and the data line 3 The distance is relatively small, so that when the laser 29 cuts off the common electrode line 13 under the 19-pixel electrode 11, it is easy to cause the common electrode line 13 and the data line 3 to be short-circuited 21, causing more serious bright line defects.

In addition to the above-mentioned missing, the conventional pixel structure, the parasitic capacitance between the common electrode line 13 and the data line 3 is too large, causing distortion of the common electrode signal and the data signal.

Therefore, there is a need for a new pixel structure and pixel repair method. Without affecting the aperture ratio, the data line 3 generated during the laser repair is easily short-circuited with the common electrode line 21, and the common electrode signal is discontinuously discontinuous. Wait for the missing, and reduce the parasitic capacitance between the common electrode line 13 and the data line 3, to avoid distortion of the common electrode signal and the data signal.

An object of the present invention is to provide a pixel structure, which improves the problem that the data line is easily short-circuited with the common electrode line and the co-electrode signal is discontinuous after the laser repair is performed without affecting the aperture ratio, and cut back The parasitic capacitance between the common electrode line and the data line avoids distortion of the common electrode signal and the data signal.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for repairing a pixel, which can improve the problem that the data line generated during laser repair is easily short-circuited with the common electrode line and the common electrode signal is discontinuous.

According to the above object, an embodiment of the invention discloses a pixel structure comprising two longitudinally arranged data lines; two laterally arranged gate lines; two pixels defined by two data lines and a gate line crossing; two pixels The electrodes are respectively disposed in two pixels; and a common electrode line includes a two-branch structure and two extension structures, the common electrode lines are electrically connected to the two branch structures, and the two branch structures are electrically connected to the two extension structures, respectively. The extension structures are respectively disposed in two pixels.

In other embodiments of the present invention, there is no limitation on the shape, number, and location of the branching structure of the common electrode line.

According to the pixel structure of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a pixel repairing method, which first provides two pixels having the above structural features, and when at least one of the two pixels has a defect, the segment having the defective pixel is cut. The branch structure, thereby interrupting the common electrode signal transmitted to the defective pixel, and the repairing method may further comprise the step of shorting the pixel electrode to the gate line.

The eighth figure shows an embodiment of the pixel structure of the present invention. In an embodiment of the pixel structure of the present invention, each two longitudinally arranged data lines 41 and two laterally arranged gate lines 43 are surrounded to define two pixels, each of which has a pixel electrode 39 and A common electrode line 45 is shared. The common electrode line 45 includes two branching structures 47 and two extending structures 49. The common electrode lines 45 are electrically connected to the two branching structures 47, respectively. The two branching structures 47 are electrically connected to each other. The structure 49 and the two extension structures 49 are respectively disposed in the two pixels, and form a sandwich capacitor, or a storage capacitor, with the pixel electrode 49, so that the voltage charged by the pixel can be maintained until the next update of the picture.

In addition, each pixel has a gate 51, a source 53 and a drain 55. The gate 51 is electrically connected to the gate line 43. The source 53 is electrically connected to the data line 41. A contact window (not shown) is electrically connected to the drain. The roles of the source 53 and the drain 55 can be interchanged. Strictly speaking, when the pixel is charged, the source connected to the data line is called a source, but when the pixel is discharged, it is electrically connected to the data line. Bungee jumping.

In the vertical positional relationship, the embodiment of the present invention conforms to the bottom structure, but in other embodiments, it may also be a top gate type structure. In the structure of the eighth embodiment, the gate 51, the gate line 43, and the common electrode line 45 are disposed on the same layer and on a substrate (not shown); a gate insulating layer 57 (see FIG. 11B) is covered. Gate 51, gate line 43, common electrode line 45; data line 41, The source 53 and the drain 55 are located on the same layer and disposed on the gate insulating layer 57; a passive layer 59 (see FIG. 11B) covers the data line 51, the source 53 and the drain 55; and a dielectric layer 61. (See FIG. 11B) Covering the passive layer 59; the pixel electrode 39 is disposed on the dielectric layer 61.

In the above embodiment, the shape of the extension structure 49 is a bell shape, but in other embodiments, other shapes may be used, such as an English letter "H" type, a "one" shape or other geometric shapes. Further, the branching structure 47 of the common electrode line 45 is also not limited in shape, number, and position. In addition, in the above embodiment, the two branching structures 47 and the two extending structures 49 are mirror-shaped with the common electrode line 45 symmetrically disposed in the two pixels, but in other embodiments, they may be asymmetrically disposed.

The ninth diagram shows another embodiment of the pixel structure of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9, each of the two longitudinally arranged data lines 41 and the two laterally arranged gate lines 43 are surrounded by two pixels, each of which has a pixel electrode 39 and shares a single pixel. Common electrode line 45. Wherein, in the pixel region, the common electrode lines 45 are respectively connected to a plurality of, for example, two branch structures 47, and the two branch structures 47 are connected to an extension structure 49, and the extension structure 49 is disposed in the pixel, and The pixel electrode 39 forms a sandwich capacitor.

The tenth figure shows another embodiment of the pixel structure of the present invention. Each of the two longitudinally arranged data lines 41 intersects with two laterally arranged gate lines 43 Two pixels are defined, each of which has a pixel electrode 39 and shares a common electrode line 45. The difference from the embodiment in the eighth embodiment is that, in the two pixel regions, the two branch structures 47 and the two extension structures 49 are not symmetrically disposed in the two pixels with the common electrode line 45 as a mirror ray, but Slightly asymmetrical structure.

The other components of the above-described ninth and tenth embodiments are the same as those of the eighth embodiment, and will not be described again.

According to the pixel structure disclosed in the present invention, since the overlapping area of the data line 41 and the common electrode line 45 is reduced, the parasitic capacitance between the common electrode line 45 and the data line 41 is reduced, and the distortion of the common electrode signal and the data signal can be avoided. In addition, the interlayer capacitance formed by the embodiment of the present invention is not a conventional serial connection architecture, but a parallel architecture. For this reason, when the pixel structure proposed by the present invention is laser repaired, the prior art can be improved. After the laser is repaired, the problem of inconsistency after the interruption of the common electrode signal.

11A to 11B show an embodiment of the pixel repairing method of the present invention by taking the eighth picture element structure of the present invention as an example, wherein the eleventh B picture is the eleventh A picture in the B-B' A cross-sectional view of the direction.

As shown in FIG. 11A, the pixel repair method first provides two pixels defined by two data lines 41 and two gate lines 43, each of which has a pixel electrode 39 and is shared. a common electrode line 45, wherein In the two-pixel area, the common electrode line 45 includes two branch structures 47 and two extension structures 49, and the common electrode lines 45 are respectively connected to the two branch structures 47, and the two branch structures 47 are respectively connected to the two extension structures 49, and the two extension structures 49 are respectively disposed in the two pixels. Thereafter, when the upper pixel-generating pixel 39 and the extension structure 49 are short-circuited 67 to cause a bright spot defect, laser repair is performed, and the laser light 39 is short-circuited with the gate electrode 43 by the laser light 69, and the laser light 65 is used. (See Figure 11B) The 63 branching structure 47 is severed, thereby interrupting the common electrode signal transmitted to the pixel.

As shown in FIG. 11B, since the pixel structure provided by the present invention causes the left and right pixels to share one common electrode line 45, when the laser light 65 cuts off the branching structure of the left pixel of the 63 common electrode line 45, 47 After that, the common electrode signal is not transmitted to the pixel on the right side, which improves the problem of inconsistent signal after the interruption of the common electrode line 45. In addition, since the distance between the data line 41 and the branching structure 47, or the cut 63, has been separated by a sufficiently long distance, sufficient to prevent the laser 65 from being cut 63, the common electrode line 45 is shorted to the data line 41. Causes more serious bright line defects.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; all other equivalent changes or modifications which are not departing from the spirit of the invention should be included in the following Within the scope of the patent application.

1‧‧‧ gate line

3‧‧‧Information line

5‧‧‧ gate

7‧‧‧ source

9‧‧‧汲polar

11‧‧‧ pixel electrodes

13‧‧‧Common electrode line

15‧‧‧ Short circuit

17‧‧‧ Short circuit

19‧‧‧ cut off

21‧‧‧ Short circuit

23‧‧‧ gate insulation

25‧‧‧ Passive layer

27‧‧‧Dielectric layer

29‧‧‧Laser

39‧‧‧ pixel electrodes

41‧‧‧Information line

43‧‧ ‧ gate line

45‧‧‧Common electrode line

47‧‧‧ Branch structure

49‧‧‧Extended structure

51‧‧‧ gate

53‧‧‧ source

55‧‧‧汲polar

57‧‧‧ gate insulation

59‧‧‧ Passive layer

61‧‧‧ dielectric layer

63‧‧‧ cut off

65‧‧‧Laser

67‧‧‧ Short circuit

69‧‧‧ Short circuit

The first to third figures show a conventional pixel structure; the fourth to sixth figures show a conventional pixel repair method; and the seventh to seventh B charts show a conventional pixel repair method and missing 8 to 11 show an embodiment of the pixel structure of the present invention; and 11A and 11B show an embodiment of the pixel repairing method of the present invention.

39‧‧‧ pixel electrodes

41‧‧‧Information line

43‧‧ ‧ gate line

45‧‧‧Common electrode line

47‧‧‧ Branch structure

49‧‧‧Extended structure

51‧‧‧ gate

53‧‧‧ source

55‧‧‧汲polar

Claims (21)

A pixel structure comprising: two data lines; two gate lines; two pixels defined by the intersection of the two data lines and the two gate lines; two pixel electrodes respectively disposed in the two pixels; And a total electrode line comprising a two-branch structure and two extension structures, the common electrode line is parallel to the gate line, and the area surrounded by the two data lines and the two gate lines is divided into two pixel areas, wherein each The pixel region has a pixel electrode, and the common electrode line is connected in parallel with the two branch structures. The two branch structures are electrically connected to the two extension structures respectively, and the two extension structures are respectively disposed on the two pixel regions. The two pixels inside. The structure of claim 1, wherein the two extension structures are respectively a bell-shaped structure. For example, in the structure of claim 1, wherein the two extension structures are respectively an English letter "H" type structure. For example, in the structure of claim 1, wherein the two extension structures are respectively a "one" type structure. The structure of claim 1, wherein the two branch structures and the two extension structures are mirror-shaped with the common electrode line, and are symmetrically disposed in the two pixels. For example, in the structure of claim 1, each of the two pixels further includes: a gate; a source; and a drain, wherein the gate is electrically connected to the gate line, and the source is The data line is electrically connected, the pixel electrode is electrically connected to the drain via a contact window, the gate, the gate line, and the common electrode line are disposed on the same layer, the data line, the source, the The bungee is on the same floor. The structure of claim 6 wherein the vertical positional relationship of each of the above elements conforms to a bottom gate structure. The structure of claim 6 further includes a substrate, the gate, the gate line, and the common electrode line are disposed on the substrate; a gate insulating layer covering the gate, the gate line, the common electrode line, and the data line, the source, and the drain are disposed on the gate insulating layer; a passive layer covers the data line, a source, the drain; and a dielectric layer covering the passive layer, and the pixel electrode is disposed on the dielectric layer. The structure of claim 6 wherein the vertical positional relationship of each of the above elements conforms to a top gate structure. For example, in the structure of claim 1, wherein the distance between the position of each of the two branch structures and the data line is sufficient to prevent the branch structure from being cut, the common electrode line is short-circuited with the data line. A pixel structure comprising: two data lines; two gate lines; two pixels defined by the intersection of the two data lines and the two gate lines; two pixel electrodes respectively disposed in the two pixels; And a common electrode line, the common electrode line is parallel to the gate line, and the area surrounded by the two data lines and the two gate lines is divided into two pixel areas, wherein each pixel area has one pixel electrode; The common electrode line is connected in parallel with a plurality of branch structures in each of the pixel regions, and the plurality of branch structures are respectively connected to an extension structure, and the extension structure forms a sandwich capacitor with the pixel electrode. The structure of claim 11, wherein the extension structure is a bell-shaped structure. The structure of claim 11, wherein the extension structure is an English letter "H" type structure. For example, the structure of claim 11 wherein the extension structure is a "one" type structure. The structure of claim 11, wherein the plurality of branching structures and the extending structure are mirror-shaped with the common electrode line, and are symmetrically disposed in the two pixels. For example, the structure of claim 11 wherein the number of the branched structures is two. For example, in the structure of claim 11, wherein the distance between the position of each of the plurality of branch structures and the data line is sufficient to prevent the branch structure from being cut, the common electrode line is short-circuited with the data line. A pixel repairing method comprises: providing two data lines; providing two gate lines; providing two pixels, defined by the intersection of the two data lines and the two gate lines; respectively providing two pixel electrodes for the two paintings And providing a common electrode line comprising a two-branch structure and two extension structures, the common electrode line paralleling the gate line, and dividing the two data lines and the area surrounded by the two gate lines into two paintings a region, wherein each of the pixel regions has a pixel electrode, the common electrode line is connected in parallel with the two branch structures, and the two branch structures are respectively connected to the two extension structures, and the two extension structures are respectively disposed on the two Within the two pixels of the pixel region; and when at least one of the two pixels has a defect, the branching structure having the defective pixel is cut, thereby interrupting the common electrode signal transmitted to the defective pixel. The method of claim 18, further comprising the step of shorting the pixel electrode to the gate line. The method of claim 18, wherein the defective pixel comprises a bright spot defect. The method of claim 18, wherein each of the two branch structures is formed at a distance from the data line sufficient to prevent the branch structure from being severed, causing the common electrode line to be shorted to the data line.