1225102 玖、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明關於一種具有高反應惰性（特別是高抗氧化性）及 高硬度的材料，它係用於可受熱負荷的構件與工具。 依德國工業標準DIN50900, 一種金屬材料與其周圍環 繞反應，造成材料之可測出之變化，則定義爲「腐蝕」 (Korrosion，英：corrosion)。在此，腐蝕可在該構件有或無 機械負荷之下發生，且依各種不同種類的化學侵蝕以及在 不同溫度發生。 最常見的是物體表面在有一種導離子的相存在時間於 電化學腐蝕造成之侵蝕，或者由於化學腐蝕以及在高溫時 的熱腐蝕造成之侵蝕。而在高溫時在熔融的介質（例如液 態玻璃）中，與它接觸的金屬部分的表面也會發生變化， 造成腐蝕式侵蝕。 在現代技術中，構件與工具部分大多同時受到多種不 同的應力與負荷，其中特別是熱負荷與機械負荷，而且還 會交替地或遞增地作用，如此會有多重的密集的腐蝕條件 存在，這些腐蝕條件還會由於該部分的接近表面的區域變 形而加強。 耐腐蝕與耐熱的鋼與合金必須爲了要有在600°C以上溫 度的耐熱負荷性，故須有一種立方體面心的原子格子構造 或沃斯田鐵式組織構造。這點在合金工程上係表示：這種 材料有較高鎳-及/或鈷的含量，或者從提高在高溫時的強度 及硬度觀點，設計成以鎳爲基礎或以鈷爲基礎的合金形式 7 1225102 ，但其中基於腐蝕化學的理由，鉻含量須至少大於13%重 量。 雖然具有高鎳濃度的材料都有高機械強度或高材料硬 度，使得構件及工具部件在高溫時的使用性質改善，但基 於經濟理由，人們希望將鎳含量減到36%重量以下，且爲 了提高抗腐蝕性，將合金的鉻成分增加到超過16%重量。 固然鎳含量少於36%重量的沃斯田式以鐵爲基礎的材 料由於鉻含量高（還可配合其他防止腐蝕的元素）在高溫時（ 例如在600°C )以及在所要求的最小限度的期間都能抵抗應 腐蝕性侵蝕，但該材料硬度低，強度同樣也低，且潛變表 現（Dauerstandsverhalten，英：creep behavior)很有限。儘管 有這些缺點，然而，例如依DIN材料號碼1.2780、1.2782 及1.2786的合金，基於經濟性及製造理由，仍用於製造作 玻璃加工處理用的工具。 對此本發明提出對策，其目的在提供一種硬度大於 230HB的上述種類的材料，它即使在600°C以上的溫度時， 仍有高度的抗潛變抵抗力（Kriechwiderstand，英：creep resistan ce)及較佳的潛變表現以及相同的抗腐蝕性。 此外，本發明另一目的在提供一種方法，以使經濟地 製造構件與工具用的材料，這些構件與工具具有較佳的使 用性質，且具有高硬度及高耐腐蝕性。 最後一點，本發明另一目的在於使用一種以鐵爲基礎 的合金做熱工作工具用的材料，該工具可在550°C以上的工 作溫度使用。 8 1225102 前述的目的，在前述種類的材料的解決之道，係使該 材料由一種以下之重量百分比之組成的合金構成： 碳(C) 0.01- -0.25 矽（Si) 0.35〜2.5 猛（Μη) 0.4〜 4.3 鉻(Cr) 16.0- -28.0 鎳(Ni) 15.0〜36.0 氮（N) 0.01- -0.29 其條件爲：合金的鎳含量等於某一値或至多大於該値4.8% 重量，該値係爲鉻含量加1.5倍矽含量減0.12倍錳含量減 18倍氮含量減30倍碳含量減6 :1225102 发明 Description of the invention [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a material with high reaction inertia (especially high oxidation resistance) and high hardness, which is used for components and tools that can be subjected to heat loads. According to German industrial standard DIN50900, a metal material reacts with its surroundings to cause a measurable change in the material, which is defined as "corrosion" (Korrosion, English: corrosion). Here, corrosion can occur with or without mechanical load on the component, and can occur with various types of chemical attack and at different temperatures. The most common is the erosion of the surface of an object by an ion-conducting phase during electrochemical corrosion, or by chemical corrosion and thermal corrosion at high temperatures. At high temperatures, in molten media (such as liquid glass), the surface of the metal part in contact with it will also change, causing corrosive erosion. In modern technology, most of the components and tools are subjected to a variety of different stresses and loads at the same time, especially thermal and mechanical loads, and they will alternately or incrementally act, so there will be multiple dense corrosion conditions, these The corrosive conditions are also strengthened by deformation of the area near the surface of the part. Corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant steels and alloys must have a cubic face-centered atomic lattice structure or a Vostian iron structure in order to have heat-resistant load resistance at temperatures above 600 ° C. This point is expressed in alloy engineering: this material has a higher nickel- and / or cobalt content, or is designed to be a nickel-based or cobalt-based alloy form from the viewpoint of increasing strength and hardness at high temperatures 7 1225102, but for reasons of corrosion chemistry, the chromium content must be at least 13% by weight. Although materials with high nickel concentration have high mechanical strength or high material hardness, which improves the use properties of components and tool parts at high temperatures, for economic reasons, people want to reduce the nickel content to less than 36% by weight, and to improve Corrosion resistance, increasing the chromium content of the alloy to over 16% by weight. Although Vostian-type iron-based materials with a nickel content of less than 36% by weight, due to the high chromium content (also with other elements that prevent corrosion) at high temperatures (for example at 600 ° C) and at the required minimum During the period of time, it can resist corrosive erosion, but the material has low hardness, low strength, and limited creep behavior (Dauerstandsverhalten, English: creep behavior). Despite these disadvantages, alloys such as DIN material numbers 1.2780, 1.2782, and 1.2786 are still used for glass processing tools for economic and manufacturing reasons. The present invention proposes a countermeasure for this, and its purpose is to provide a material of the above-mentioned kind with a hardness greater than 230HB, which has a high resistance to creep resistance even at a temperature of 600 ° C or higher (Kriechwiderstand, English: creep resistan ce) And better creep performance and the same corrosion resistance. In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a method for economically manufacturing materials for members and tools, which members and tools have better use properties and have high hardness and high corrosion resistance. Finally, another object of the present invention is to use an iron-based alloy as a material for hot work tools that can be used at working temperatures above 550 ° C. 8 1225102 The aforementioned purpose, in the solution of the aforementioned types of materials, is to make the material consist of an alloy consisting of the following weight percentages: carbon (C) 0.01- -0.25 silicon (Si) 0.35 ~ 2.5 manganese (Μη) ) 0.4 ~ 4.3 Chromium (Cr) 16.0- -28.0 Nickel (Ni) 15.0 ~ 36.0 Nitrogen (N) 0.01- -0.29 The condition is that the nickel content of the alloy is equal to a certain 値 or at most greater than the 値 4.8% by weight, the 値Based on chromium content plus 1.5 times silicon content minus 0.12 times manganese content minus 18 times nitrogen content minus 30 times carbon content minus 6:
Ni^ Cr+ (1.5><Si)- (0.12χΜη)- (18χΝ)- (3〇χ〇- 6 其餘成份爲鐵（Fe)以及伴隨之元素與雜質，該材料利用冷變 形造成的硬度至少230HB。 利用本發明達到的優點特別在於所選用的腐蝕化學抵 抗力與在這種化學組成用冷變形能達到的材料性質的組合 的增效作用（Synergie，英：synergy)。在冷滾壓時或在該立 方體面心式沃斯田鐵的再結晶溫度以下變形時，由於結晶 格子中偏位作用受阻擋，故材料強化。與此相關的硬度的 升高以及本發明材料的強度的升高的優點即使在超過600°C 的使用溫度時仍保持不變，這點對行家而言是出乎意料者 ，而且他們所預料的在受感應力的結晶格子中的生空洞的 過程，例如受熱活化的橫向滑動以及原子偏移的再組合的 情事，在一般的期間中都不會觀察到。換言之，和業界的 9 1225102 觀念相左，依本發明組成的材料之藉冷鍛變形而提高的耐 強度即使該構件在高的便用溫度也能保持，因爲鋼的高抗 潛變抵抗力改善了其長期不變性質。在膨脹式的熱負荷的 場合（例如用於製造應用玻璃的模具的場合）在工作表面 會有很強的溫度波動，因此材料有局部的體積變化，茲發 現，由於本發明使材料硬度及耐熱強度提高，故材料（例 如玻璃模具）的局部或表面附近的變形作用係在其彈性範 圍之內發生，因此可防止材料疲勞產生之裂痕情事（這種情 形如在塑性變形範圍，即使小小的塑性形狀變化也會發生 ，且會使模具報銷）。 爲了確保該材料有較佳的性質的輪廓曲線分佈，有一 點很重要，即：該材料即使在冷變形中也保持在穩定的沃 期田鐵區域，且沒有具變形麻田散體的區域，這點依本發 明達成之道，係利用在界限範圍內所予的鎳與鉻濃度，以 及將鎳溫度範圍依鉻、矽、錳、氮、與碳而有限地預設而 達成。如鎳含量較高，則如圖示，長期不變性質變差。反 之，當鎳濃度低時，材料的沃斯田鐵穩定性與耐熱強度急 遽減少。對於元素碳與氮而言，情形也大致相同，其中特 別是氮可提高材料的長期不變性質。 如本該一種或數種合金的材料的重量％組成如下，則本 發明的構件與工具的使用性質可改善： C = 0.02〜0.20，且宜 0.04〜0.15 Si=0.50〜2.48，且宜 1.22〜2.36 Μη=0·62〜4.05，且宜 1.00〜3.95 10 1225102Ni ^ Cr + (1.5 > < Si)-(0.12χΜη)-(18χΝ)-(3〇χ〇- 6 The remaining components are iron (Fe) and accompanying elements and impurities. The material uses the hardness caused by cold deformation At least 230 HB. The advantages achieved by the present invention are in particular the synergistic effect of the selected combination of corrosion chemical resistance and the material properties that can be achieved by cold deformation in this chemical composition (Synergie, English: synergy). In cold rolling At the time of deformation or below the recrystallization temperature of the cubic face-centered Vostian iron, the material is strengthened due to the blocking effect in the crystal lattice. The increase in hardness and the strength of the material of the present invention The high advantage remains unchanged even at operating temperatures in excess of 600 ° C. This is unexpected for connoisseurs, and they anticipate the process of cavitation in the induced crystal lattice, such as The thermally activated lateral slip and the recombination of atomic shifts are not observed during ordinary periods. In other words, contrary to the industry's 9 1225102 concept, the material composed according to the present invention is deformed by cold forging. The increased resistance is maintained even at high service temperatures, because the high creep resistance of steel improves its long-term invariance. In the case of intumescent heat loads (such as those used in the manufacture of glass molds) Occasion) There will be strong temperature fluctuations on the working surface, so the material has a local volume change. It is found that, because the present invention improves the hardness and heat resistance of the material, the local or near surface deformation of the material (such as a glass mold) It occurs within its elastic range, so it can prevent cracks caused by material fatigue (such as in the plastic deformation range, even small plastic shape changes will occur, and the mold will be reimbursed). In order to ensure the material It is important to have a profile curve profile with better properties, that is, the material stays in the stable fertile field area even during cold deformation, and there is no area with deformed Asada bulk, which is achieved according to the present invention The method is to use the nickel and chromium concentrations given in the limits, and to change the nickel temperature range to chromium, silicon, manganese, and nitrogen. Achieved with carbon and limited presets. If the nickel content is high, as shown in the figure, the long-term invariant properties are deteriorated. On the contrary, when the nickel concentration is low, the material's Vastfield iron stability and heat resistance strength decrease sharply. Elemental carbon and nitrogen are also about the same, especially nitrogen can improve the long-term invariant properties of the material. If the weight% composition of the material of the one or more alloys is as follows, the use of components and tools of the present invention Properties can be improved: C = 0.02 ~ 0.20, and preferably 0.04 ~ 0.15 Si = 0.50 ~ 2.48, and preferably 1.22 ~ 2.36 Μη = 0 · 62 ~ 4.05, and preferably 1.00 ~ 3.95 10 1225102
Cr=20.1 〜27.6，且宜 23.9〜26.5 Ni=16.1 〜27.3，且宜 17.9〜25.45 Ν=0·014〜0.23，且宜 0.018〜〇·2〇 在此可確認，如習知者，該鈷在本發明的合金中，從〇 52% 重量的含量起，可以改善該材料的耐熱強度。 · 雖然元素鉬、釩、鎢、鈦與鈮可提高在高溫時材料的 · 抗潛變性，而銅及鋁係傳統硬化作用元素，但依本發明的 材料中這些摻到鋼中的元素具有最大令人滿意的濃度，因 爲如所發現者，其含量較高，則使耐腐蝕性（特別是當間歇 _ 地與麵團似的玻璃接觸時）變低，且由於使模表面變粗糙， 使玻璃透明度變差。其原因仍未充分明瞭，但這些受體原 · 子Na+、Κ+、Ca+2、Β+3、ΑΓ3、與Si+4算是麻煩的路易士酸 . ，其中在每次玻璃成形後，該模就受到一次熱腐蝕負荷。 雜質可依其性質而定，使材料性質變差，因此本發明 ^ 的合金中，伴隨元素及/或雜質元素濃度値重量％如下： 鉬（Mo)小於1.0 0 釩（V) 高可達0.5 鎢（W) 高可達0.5 銅（Cu)高可達0.5 鈷（Co)高可達6.5 鈦（Ti)高可達0.5 - 鋁（A1)高可達1.5 鈮（Nb)高可達0.05 氧（〇）最大0.05 11 1225102 磷（P) 最大0.03 硫（S) 最大0.03 本發明的標的還在一種製造具有高反應惰性（特別是高 抗氧化性）及高硬度的構件與工具用的材料的方法，其在高 達75°C的溫度的熱負荷時有高抗氧化性及高硬度，依該方 法係由一種重量百分比大致如下的組成形成一前產物： 碳(C) 0.01 〜0.25 矽（Si) 0.35 〜2.5 猛(Μη) 0.4〜4.3 鉻(Cr) 16.0 〜28.0 鎳(Ni) 15.0〜36.0 氮（N) 0.01 〜0.29 其條件爲：合金的鎳含量等於某一値或至多比該値大4.8重 量，該値係爲鉻含量加1.5倍矽含量減0.12倍減18倍氮減 30倍碳含量減6 :Cr = 20.1 to 27.6, and preferably 23.9 to 26.5, Ni = 16.1 to 27.3, and preferably 17.9 to 25.45, N = 0.014 to 0.23, and preferably 0.018 to 0.22. As can be confirmed here, the cobalt In the alloy of the present invention, the heat resistance strength of the material can be improved from a content of 052% by weight. Although the elements molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, titanium, and niobium can improve the material's resistance to latent degeneration at high temperatures, and copper and aluminum are traditional hardening elements, these materials in the material according to the invention have the largest Satisfactory concentration because, as found, its higher content lowers the corrosion resistance (especially when it comes in contact with the dough-like glass intermittently) and because the mold surface is roughened, the glass Poor transparency. The reason is not fully understood, but these acceptors Na +, κ +, Ca + 2, B + 3, ΑΓ3, and Si + 4 are regarded as troublesome Lewis acids. Among them, after each glass forming, the The mold is subjected to a thermal corrosion load. Impurities can be determined according to their properties, which can degrade the material properties. Therefore, in the alloy of the present invention, the concentration of the accompanying elements and / or impurity elements 値% by weight is as follows: Molybdenum (Mo) is less than 1.0 0 Vanadium (V) is up to 0.5 Tungsten (W) up to 0.5 Copper (Cu) up to 0.5 Cobalt (Co) up to 6.5 Titanium (Ti) up to 0.5-Aluminum (A1) up to 1.5 Niobium (Nb) up to 0.05 Oxygen (〇) Maximum 0.05 11 1225102 Phosphorus (P) Maximum 0.03 Sulfur (S) Maximum 0.03 The subject of the present invention is also a material for manufacturing components and tools with high reaction inertia (especially high oxidation resistance) and high hardness. Method, which has high oxidation resistance and high hardness under heat load up to 75 ° C. According to this method, a former product is formed from a composition with a weight percentage roughly as follows: carbon (C) 0.01 to 0.25 silicon (Si ) 0.35 to 2.5 M (Mn) 0.4 to 4.3 Chromium (Cr) 16.0 to 28.0 Nickel (Ni) 15.0 to 36.0 Nitrogen (N) 0.01 to 0.29 The condition is that the nickel content of the alloy is equal to or greater than that 4.8 weight, this actinide is chromium content plus 1.5 times silicon content minus 0.12 times minus 18 times nitrogen minus 30 times carbon content minus 6:
Ni- Cr+ 1.5><Si- 0.12><Mn — 18xN — 3〇xC— 6 其餘爲鐵以及伴隨元素與雜質， 然後將該前產物藉冷變形進一步加工處理成硬度大於 230HB的材料。 將本發明的合金作冷鍛變形，可使材料的彈性限度提 高到一種應力位準，即使在構件或工具的工作面附近由於 交替的熱負荷造成體積改變時也不會達到此應力位準。對 應於此，在顆粒界限範圍也不會有任何區域在溫度交替時 呈塑性變形，如此可避免由於材料疲勞而形成裂痕。如此 12 1225102 也可避免由於化學腐蝕或熱腐蝕造成顆粒界限侵蝕，因此 ，舉例而言，在玻璃模具的場合，即使在高負荷在製造大 量件數的場合，在長期下來仍可維持加工面與表面的高品 質，相反地，傳統的玻璃模具在短短使用期間後，在組織 的顆粒界限顯出有材料脫移情事，其距離在數//m範圍， 如此，形成的玻璃呈現在光波範圍的不平坦性，如此會產 生反射干涉及乳白玻璃效應。 如果依本發明的方法，藉著冷變形而形成一種硬度大 於250HB(特別是300HB或更局）的材料，則耐腐蝕及耐熱 強度還可進一步提高且可有效防止材料疲勞形成裂痕。 如果將具本發明組成的前產物利用熱變形而形成，使 它受到溶液退火處理（L5sungsgliihbehandlung 英：solution annealing treatment 或 solutionizing treatment)從該變形溫度 冷却（如有必要可作密集冷却，例如施以壓縮空氣或浸入 一冷媒中以作密集冷却）並作冷變形，則可製成組織特別 均勻的材料，具有較佳的防腐蝕性。 特別是對於以相對稱方式成形的工具，例如瓶子模具 及類似物，如果材料的冷變形係在整個周圍沿徑向垂直於 前產物的縱軸作冷變形，則甚有利。 C=0.02〜0.20，且宜 0.04〜0.15 SU0.50〜2.48，且宜 1.22〜2.36 Μη=0·62〜4.05，且宜 1.00〜3.95 Cr=20.1 〜27.6，且宜 23.9〜26.5 Ni=16.1 〜27.3，且宜 17.9〜25.45 13 1225102 Ν=0·014〜0.23，且宜 0.018〜0.20 最後，本發明的另一標的係在一種以鐵爲基礎的合金 的應用，其合金元素的重量百分比爲： 碳（C) 高可達0.25 矽（Si) 高可達2.5 錳（Μη)高可達4.3 鉻（Cr) 16.0〜28.0 鎳（Ni) 15.0〜36.0 氮（N) 0.01 〜0.29 其條件爲該合金的氮含量等於某一値或至多比該値大4.8重 量，該値係爲鉻加1.5倍矽減0.12倍錳減18倍氮減30倍 碳減6 :Ni- Cr + 1.5 > < Si- 0.12 > < Mn — 18xN — 30xC— 6 The rest is iron and accompanying elements and impurities, and then the former product is further processed by cold deformation to a material with a hardness greater than 230HB . The cold forging deformation of the alloy of the present invention can increase the elastic limit of the material to a stress level, which will not be reached even when the volume changes near the working surface of the component or the tool due to the alternating thermal load. Corresponding to this, there will not be any area in the particle boundary range that is plastically deformed when the temperature is alternated, so that the formation of cracks due to material fatigue can be avoided. In this way, 12 1225102 can also avoid the particle boundary erosion caused by chemical corrosion or thermal corrosion. Therefore, for example, in the case of glass molds, even in the case of high loads and a large number of pieces, the processing surface and the surface can be maintained for a long time. The surface is of high quality. On the contrary, after a short period of use, traditional glass molds show material removal at the grain boundary of the tissue, and the distance is in the range of several meters, so that the formed glass appears in the light wave range. The unevenness, which will cause reflections, involves the opalescent glass effect. If according to the method of the present invention, a material having a hardness greater than 250HB (especially 300HB or more) is formed through cold deformation, the corrosion resistance and heat resistance strength can be further improved and the material can be effectively prevented from forming cracks due to fatigue. If the pre-product having the composition of the present invention is formed by thermal deformation, it is subjected to a solution annealing treatment (L5sungsgliihbehandlung English: solution annealing treatment or solutionizing treatment) and cooled from the deformation temperature (if necessary, intensive cooling, such as compression) Air or immersed in a refrigerant for intensive cooling) and cold deformation can be made into a material with a particularly uniform structure, which has better corrosion resistance. Especially for tools that are formed in a symmetrical manner, such as bottle molds and the like, it is advantageous if the cold deformation of the material is cold deformed along the entire radial direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the former product. C = 0.02 ~ 0.20, and preferably 0.04 ~ 0.15 SU0.50 ~ 2.48, and preferably 1.22 ~ 2.36 Μη = 0 · 62 ~ 4.05, and preferably 1.00 ~ 3.95 Cr = 20.1 ~ 27.6, and preferably 23.9 ~ 26.5 Ni = 16.1 ~ 27.3, and preferably 17.9 ~ 25.45 13 1225102 N = 0.014 ~ 0.23, and preferably 0.018 ~ 0.20 Finally, another object of the present invention is the application of an iron-based alloy, and the weight percentage of its alloying elements is: Carbon (C) up to 0.25 Silicon (Si) up to 2.5 Manganese (Mn) up to 4.3 Chromium (Cr) 16.0 to 28.0 Nickel (Ni) 15.0 to 36.0 Nitrogen (N) 0.01 to 0.29 The condition is this alloy The nitrogen content is equal to a certain rhenium or at most 4.8 weights larger than the rhenium, which is chromium plus 1.5 times silicon and 0.12 times manganese and 18 times nitrogen and 30 times carbon and 6:
Ni- Cr+(1.5><Si) — (0·12><Μη) — (18χΝ) — (3〇χ〇 — 6 其餘爲鐵（Fe)及伴隨元素與雜質，藉著將其所形成之前產物 冷變形到至少230HB(且宜大於250HB)的材料硬度，使該合 金固化，當做熱工作工具用的材料，其工作溫度高於555°C ，且宜高於602°C，特別是高可達750°C。 就產品之品質以及經濟製造的觀點，特別有利的做法 ，係使用上述以鐵爲基礎的合金當作玻璃工業的工具（模具) 材料，特別是作機器壓製玻璃用之模具材料。 茲利用比較的試驗結果詳細說明本發明。 [圖式] 圖式中 第1圖係本發明之材料在604°C之強度與冷變形度的關 14 1225102 係。 第2圖係在600°C受長時間溫度應力後在室溫時的硬度 走勢。 【實施方式】 第1圖中顯示在604°C試驗溫度時本發明的材料的強度 與冷變形量的關係，樣品材料在l〇l〇°C的溫度锻壓，並由 變形熱溫強冷却並在1060°C作溶液處理，在材料各部分分 別作變形度21%、35%、47%及55%的冷變形，然後由此做 拉伸試驗（Zugproben英：tensile test)。在604°C的溫度求出 強度，亦即0.2%拉伸限度及拉伸度，其中該樣品保持在此 溫度20分。要做對照比較，係將標準材料在1〇6〇°c作溶液 退火處理（ISsungsgliihen)，其中，由此所製的樣品同樣在6 0 4°C作試驗，第1圖的柱狀圖的顯示出對變形度關係的 材料強度的明顯升高，其中（在圖中未示者）在高變形度時早 在冷變形度大於6%(特別是大於12%)時強度已升高了。 第2圖中顯不在600°C的溫度時本發明材料的長期不變 性（Dauerstandfestigkeit，英：creep limit 或 1〇ng time creep strength)，係在樣品冷狀態作硬度測試而求出，與依mN材 料Ν〇·1，2083與材料ν〇·1，4028的材料比較。 本發明的材料係以一種如下組成（重量: c=0 08， Si = 1.7，Μη=1·15，Ρ=〇·〇ι，S=0.002，Cr=24.8，Νι=19·8， Ν=〇·〇2，Μ〇=0·26，V=0.09，W=〇.li，Cu=(U2，c〇=〇 4， Τι=0·01，Α1=0·02，Nb=0.0(H，〇=〇·0029 作熔融鑄造成一試 驗磚塊，並將它作熱變形成樣品材料。在樣品材料上在 15 1060 °C作溶液處理，然後在水中淬火（Abschnecken，英： quench)，然後將標號H5的樣品不作變形地，將標號H525 的樣品則作35%的冷變形，一齊在600°C受長時的退火。對 照組的比較材料N〇.1，2083及N〇.1，4028則用1020°C在油中 硬化，在630°C回火。並同樣作長時退火。在45、90、140 及180小時後，將樣品材料從爐拿出，放冷，並測試材料 硬度，然後將樣品作回使用（Riickeinsetzen英：back use)作 測試材料硬度，（作溫度交替的負荷），比較材料H5顯示出 硬度有預期的性質，反之，作了 35%冷變形的本發明材料 H525顯示出提高的硬度315H13及高的長期不變性質，在 600°C時，即使在交替的熱負荷的場合，也不會發現有材料 硬度減少及材料的潛變，而在麻田散鐵式的標準鋼則發現 樣品隨著退火時間而有明顯的硬度下降情形。Ni- Cr + (1.5 > < Si) — (0 · 12 > < Μη) — (18χΝ) — (3〇χ〇—6 The rest is iron (Fe) and accompanying elements and impurities. Before forming, the product is cold deformed to a material hardness of at least 230HB (and preferably greater than 250HB) to solidify the alloy. As a material for hot work tools, its working temperature is higher than 555 ° C and preferably higher than 602 ° C, especially It can reach 750 ° C. From the viewpoint of product quality and economical manufacturing, it is particularly advantageous to use the above-mentioned iron-based alloy as a tool (mold) material for the glass industry, especially for machine pressed glass. Mold material. The present invention will be described in detail using comparative test results. [Schematic] The first diagram in the diagram is the relationship between the strength and cold deformation of the material of the invention at 604 ° C 14 1225102. The second diagram is in The hardness trend at room temperature after being subjected to a long-term temperature stress at 600 ° C. [Embodiment] Figure 1 shows the relationship between the strength of the material of the present invention and the amount of cold deformation at a test temperature of 604 ° C. The sample material is at l Forging at a temperature of 〇l0 ° C, and it is cooled by the deformation heat and Solution treatment at 060 ° C, cold deformation of 21%, 35%, 47%, and 55% of deformation of each part of the material, and then tensile test (Zugproben): Tensile test at 604 ° C Calculate the strength at the temperature, that is, the 0.2% elongation limit and elongation, where the sample is kept at this temperature for 20 minutes. For comparison, the standard material is annealed at 1060 ° C (ISsungsgliihen) Among them, the samples thus prepared were also tested at 60 ° C. The histogram in Figure 1 shows a significant increase in the strength of the material with respect to the degree of deformation, of which (not shown in the figure) At high deformation, the strength has increased as early as the cold deformation is greater than 6% (especially greater than 12%). Figure 2 shows the long-term invariance of the material at 600 ° C (Dauerstandfestigkeit, English). : Creep limit or 10ng time creep strength), which is determined by hardness test in the cold state of the sample, and compared with the material according to mN material No. 1,2083 and material ν〇.1, 4028. Materials of the present invention Based on the following composition (weight: c = 0 08, Si = 1.7, Mη = 1 · 15, P = 〇 · 〇ι , S = 0.002, Cr = 24.8, Nom = 19 · 8, N = 〇 · 〇2, Mo = 0.26, V = 0.09, W = 〇.li, Cu = (U2, c0 = 〇4, Tm = 0.01, A1 = 0.02, Nb = 0.0 (H, 〇 = 0.0029) was melt cast into a test brick, and it was heat transformed to form a sample material. The sample material was treated at 15 1060 ° C, and then quenched in water (Abschnecken, English: quench), and then the sample labeled H5 was not deformed, and the sample labeled H525 was subjected to 35% cold deformation, all together 600 ° C subjected to long-term annealing. The comparative materials of the control group No. 1,2083 and No. 1,4028 were hardened in oil at 1020 ° C and tempered at 630 ° C. And also do long-time annealing. After 45, 90, 140, and 180 hours, remove the sample material from the furnace, let it cool, and test the hardness of the material, and then use the sample as a test material (Riickeinsetzen): Load), the comparative material H5 shows the expected properties of hardness. Conversely, the material H525, which has been subjected to 35% cold deformation, shows increased hardness 315H13 and high long-term invariant properties. At 600 ° C, even in alternating In the case of thermal load, the decrease in material hardness and the creep of the material will not be found. In the standard steel of the loose steel type of Asada, it is found that the hardness of the sample decreases significantly with the annealing time.