CN101921967A - Novel austenitic heat-resistance stainless steel - Google Patents
Novel austenitic heat-resistance stainless steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN101921967A CN101921967A CN 201010255487 CN201010255487A CN101921967A CN 101921967 A CN101921967 A CN 101921967A CN 201010255487 CN201010255487 CN 201010255487 CN 201010255487 A CN201010255487 A CN 201010255487A CN 101921967 A CN101921967 A CN 101921967A
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Abstract
The invention discloses novel austenitic heat-resistance stainless steel, which belongs to the field of alloy steel. The novel austenitic heat-resistance stainless steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.04-0.08% of C, 2.05-2.80% of Si, 1.3-2.0% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.035% of P, less than or equal to 0.030% of S, 23.5-26.0% of Cr, 19.2-22.0% of Ni, 0.08% of N, 0.20-1.50% of Co, 0.10-0.20% of Mo, 0.01-1.0% of Xt and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities. The finished product of the austenitic heat-resistance stainless steel is prepared by mixing the raw materials, smelting in a vacuum refining furnace, performing electroslag refining, forging, performing hot rolling, annealing and performing multi-drawing, annealing and drawing. The austenitic heat-resistance stainless steel of the invention has the advantages of reasonable component design, stable manufacturing process, high high-temperature strength, adaptive plasticity and relatively high high-temperature oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, creep resistance and impact toughness.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of alloy steel, particularly a kind of novel austenitic heat-resistance stainless steel.It mainly is the structure steel that under the environment of high temperature and strong oxidation, deep-etching, can bear big stress.
Background technology
In space flight, naval vessel, electric power, field of petrochemical industry, relevant parts such as engine, steam boiler, steam turbine, ethane cracking furnace and system ammonia converter by life-time service in high temperature, various load such as these parts at high temperature carry stretching, bending, turning round, fatigue and impact, simultaneously also with high-temperature steam, air or contacts fuel gas, make the surface that high temperature oxidation or gaseous corrosion take place.Under hot environment, work, steel and alloy will produce the atomic diffusion process, thereby causing metallographic structure changes, therefore this steel grade that just requires in this environment, to use plasticity that must have good high-temperature intensity and adapt with it, high temperature oxidation resistance also will have sufficiently high chemical stability simultaneously.Along with the development of technology, make its service temperature improve constantly, it uses the parts surface temperature up to 1100 ℃, and this will further improve the performance requriements of steel.
In the prior art, employed steel grade is to classify the master as with the HP yarn in this environment, the HP40 steel, though have certain high temperature oxidation resistance, its manufacturing cost height, work-ing life is short, increases parts consumption, has strengthened production cost, has reduced production efficiency.Ferrite type high temperature steel with body-centered cubic structure, its creep strength can obviously descend under 600-650 ℃ of temperature condition.Austenitic heat-resistance steel with face-centred cubic structure, though have higher high temperature strength at 650 ℃ or higher temperature, but because of there being hard and crisp σ phase in its austenitic heat-resistance steel, when σ forms sheet and quantity and reaches 2-5% in alloy, party partially appears in crystal boundary, cause the embrittlement effect, finally cause alloy to lose efficacy parts damages.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency in the existing austenite heat-resistance stainless steel technology, further improve the hot strength of austenite heat-resistance stainless steel, significantly reduce the embrittlement effect, " a kind of novel austenitic heat-resistance stainless steel " is provided.This austenite heat-resistance stainless steel design of components is reasonable, manufacturing process is simple, the plasticity that has excellent high-temperature intensity and adapt with it under 900 ℃, higher high temperature oxidation resistance, erosion resistance, antifatigue, creep-resistant property and toughness.Its tensile strength can reach 748Mpa, and less than 0.005g/m2, this steel is 89MPa at 2000 hours hardness HB of 900 ℃ of following timeliness in 100 hours oxidation weight gain speed of 900 ℃ of following cyclic oxidations for impelling strength 78J, this steel.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of novel austenitic heat-resistance stainless steel, to count by weight percentage, and ingredient is as follows:
C:0.04-0.08%;?Si:2.05-2.80%;Mn:1.3-2.0%;
P:≤0.035%; S:≤0.030%; Cr:23.5-26.0%;
Ni:19.2-22.0%;N:0.08%; Co:0.20-1.50%;
Mo:0.10-0.20%;Xt:0.01-1.0%;
Surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The preparation method of a kind of novel austenitic heat-resistance stainless steel of the present invention comprises the steps:
1) carry out preparation of raw material by the weight percent meter calculation of austenite heat-resistance stainless steel ingredient:
C:0.04-0.08%;?Si:2.05-2.80%;Mn:1.3-2.0%;
P:≤0.035%; S:≤0.030%; Cr:23.5-26.0%;
Ni:19.2-22.0%;N:0.08%; Co:0.20-1.50%;
Mo:0.10-0.20%;Xt:0.01-1.0%;
Surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities;
2) will pack into by the raw material of aforementioned preparation and smelt in the induction furnace, refining period, temperature was controlled at 1540 ℃-1590 ℃, refining time 25-45 minute;
3) electroslag refining, refining period, temperature was controlled at 1540 ℃-1580 ℃, melting voltage 45-50V,
Melting electric current 2600-3000A;
4) forge, 1180 ℃-950 ℃ of forging temperatures are opened and are forged 1180 ℃ of temperature;
5) hot rolling, 1150 ℃-900 ℃ of hot-rolled temperatures, 1150 ℃ of start rolling temperatures;
6) annealing, 950 ℃-1040 ℃ of annealing temperatures, 1.5 hours water-cooled time;
7) multi-pass carries out drawing → annealing → drawing, obtains the austenite heat-resistance stainless steel finished product.
Drawing described in the step 7) adopts bicycle to carry out.
Annealing described in the step 7), its annealing temperature are 950 ℃-1040 ℃, annealing insulation 1 hour.
The raw material of the preparation step 2) is packed into and smelted in the induction furnace, and its loading sequence is: carbon C-pure iron Fe-chromium metal Cr-nickel plate Ni-silicon Si-manganese Mn-cobalt Co-molybdenum Mo, described rare earth Xt stir coming out of the stove once to add in the molten steel in preceding 5 minutes.
The principle of the designed composition of a kind of novel austenitic heat-resistance stainless steel of the present invention is as follows:
C: very effective sclerosis and solution strengthening constituent element guarantee hot strength.But usually occur as formation of crack, form crisp sclerous tissues easily and cause delayed cracking as too high levels, its composition weight % is limited in 0.04-0.08%;
Mn: deoxidation and desulfidation, guarantee the important element of oxidation-resistance, its composition weight % is limited in 1.3-2.0%;
Si: deoxidation, raising yield strength, high-temperature corrosion resistance, its composition weight % is limited in 2.05-2.80%;
Ni: nickel can improve the intensity of steel, and keeps good plasticity and toughness.Nickel has higher corrosion resistance to soda acid, at high temperature has antirust and temperature capacity.Improve toughness of material, the raising of intensity is also had contribution, its composition weight % is limited in 19.2-22.0%;
Cr: guarantee oxidation-resistance, high-temperature corrosion resistance, improve the indispensable element of hot strength, content is low excessively, can not manifest effect, too high levels, and intensity and toughness significantly reduce, and its composition weight % is limited in 23.5-26.0%;
N: in material, play solid solution, bring into play its fine dispersion-strengthened effect, can enlarge and stable austenite, N and other alloying elements form strengthening phase, increase the quantity of precipitation strength phase, help strengthening the precipitation strength effect, in this invention, the effect that suppresses the σ phase is mainly played in the adding of N element, and its composition weight % is limited in 0.08%;
S, P: be inevitable detrimental impurity element in the material, its content is low more good more, its composition weight %, and P :≤0.035%, S :≤0.030%;
Co: the adding of Co can improve interatomic bonding force among the present invention, slows down diffusion, plays the solution strengthening effect, and combine its solid solution strengthening effect with Mo better, effectively improves intensity.Its composition weight % is limited in 0.20%;
Mo: molybdenum can make the grain refining of steel, significantly improves the bonding force of crystal boundary, strengthens crystal boundary, improves hardening capacity and heat resistance energy, keeps enough intensity and creep resisting abilities when high temperature.Combine with silicon, chromium among the present invention, the erosion resistance of raising and oxidation resistant effect are arranged, its composition weight % is limited in 0.10%;
Xt: add rare earth in the material, with have good oxidation-resistance under the compound action of Cr, Si, rare earth is the strong reducing property element, rare earth and sulphur have very big avidity, in bath, not only has desoxydatoin, also have size, form and distribution effect that obvious desulfurization improves sulfide inclusion, reduce the inclusion content in the material, can change composition, form, distribution and the character of inclusion, suppress the segregation of these inclusiones in crystal boundary, thereby improved the various performances of high temperature steel, composition weight % is limited in 0.01-1.0% among the present invention.
The novel austenitic heat-resistance stainless steel of the designed manufacturing of employing the present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
1. composition is reasonable in design, manufacturing process is simple, the plasticity that has excellent high-temperature intensity and adapt with it under 900 ℃, higher high temperature oxidation resistance, erosion resistance, antifatigue, creep-resistant property and toughness.
2. added Co, Mo and N element because of appropriate design in this high temperature steel, the embrittlement phenomenon reduces, and effectively improves the mechanical property of high temperature steel, significantly improves hot strength;
3. its tensile strength of the present invention can reach 748Mpa, impelling strength 78, and less than 0.005g/m2, this steel is 89MPa at 2000 hours hardness HB of 900 ℃ of following timeliness to this steel in 100 hours oxidation weight gain speed of 900 ℃ of following cyclic oxidations.Long term operation has higher-strength and corrosion resistance under 1100 ℃ of high temperature, its high temperature stress intensity stabilization;
4. again because of having added micro-rare earth element and having adopted special preparation technology, guarantee that high temperature steel has superior corrosion resistance, antifatigue, creep resistance and processability;
5. the structural part long service life of working under the environment of high temperature and strong oxidation, deep-etching of this high temperature steel made, parts consume little, effectively reduce production costs, and have improved production efficiency, significantly improve economic benefit.
Embodiment
Below by non-limiting example, further set forth the present invention, understand the present invention.
A kind of novel austenitic heat-resistance stainless steel of the present invention has prepared three stove embodiment, and embodiment 1-3 stove austenite heat-resistance stainless steel ingredient and content % by weight calculate, auspicious see as follows:
First stove: C:0.06%, Si:2.6%, Mn:1.60%, P:0.009%, S:0.002%, Cr:24%, Ni:20%, Co:0.80%, Mo:0.10%, N:0.08%, Xt:0.05%, surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities;
Second stove: C:0.045%, Si:2.25%, Mn:1.35%, P:0.02%, S:0.01%, Cr:25%, Ni:19.5%, Co:1.20%, Mo:0.15%, N:0.08%, Xt:0.07%, surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities;
The 3rd stove: C:0.07%, Si:2.5%, Mn:1.80%, P:0.01%, S:0.008%, Cr:25.5%, Ni:21%, Co:1.0%, Mo:0.14%, N:0.08%, Xt:0.09%, surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Above-mentioned three stove embodiment its preparation methods are:
1). select pure iron for use, prepare burden according to the present invention's three stove embodiment design mix;
2). induction furnace is smelted, and feeds by its loading sequence: carbon C-pure iron Fe-chromium metal Cr-nickel plate Ni-silicon Si-manganese Mn-cobalt Co-molybdenum Mo, described rare earth Xt stir coming out of the stove once to add in the molten steel in preceding 5 minutes.Refining period, temperature was controlled at 1540 ℃-1590 ℃, refining time 35 minutes;
3). electroslag refining, refining period, temperature was controlled at 1540 ℃-1580 ℃, melting voltage 45-50V, melting electric current 2600-3000A;
4). forge, 1180 ℃-950 ℃ of forging temperatures are opened and are forged 1180 ℃ of temperature;
5). hot rolling, 1150 ℃-900 ℃ of hot-rolled temperatures, 1150 ℃ of start rolling temperatures;
6). annealing, 950 ℃-1040 ℃ of annealing temperatures, 1.5 hours water-cooled time;
7). its 950 ℃-1040 ℃ of annealing are adopted in multi-pass (drawing-annealing-drawing) process annealing, annealing insulation 1 hour, drawing employing bicycle (10 meters/minute of speed) at a slow speed carries out, and according to customer need, drawing passes is 3 passages.
Above embodiment is designed, the austenite heat-resistance stainless steel of preparation relevant department its composition, comprehensive mechanical property have been carried out detection, test, examining report is as follows:
One. mechanical industry quality of materials inspection center
Material classification: austenite heat-resistance stainless steel
Sample title: 314 (the present invention); Sample characteristic: material object
Detect data/result
C:0.049%,Si:2.25%,Mn:1.31%,P:0.018%,S:0.006%,Cr:24.49%,Ni:19.4%,Co:1.46%,Mo:0.18%,Fe:52.12%
Two. quality physical and chemical measuring room of our company
Material classification: austenite heat-resistance stainless steel
The sample title: 314 (the present invention),
Embodiment 1-3 stove.
1. mechanical property test
2. impelling strength, hardness
3. corrosion weight loss speed in oxidation weight gain speed and the fused salt
Testing experiment result: measure situation analysis according to austenite heat-resistance stainless steel trial-production part, above-mentioned austenite heat-resistance stainless steel 314 (the present invention) satisfies every service requirements of parts such as engine, steam boiler, steam turbine, ethane cracking furnace and system ammonia converter, and manufacturing process and product is stable.
Detect by above embodiment and mechanical property, the designed austenite heat-resistance stainless steel of the present invention has reasonable in design, the stable manufacturing process of composition, the plasticity that has excellent high-temperature intensity and adapt with it, higher high temperature oxidation resistance, erosion resistance, antifatigue, creep-resistant property and toughness.Long term operation has higher-strength and corrosion resistance under 1100 ℃ of high temperature, its high temperature stress intensity stabilization.Guarantee safe and reliable.To enhancing productivity, effectively prolong the work-ing life of the structural part of long term operation under the environment of high temperature and strong oxidation, deep-etching, reducing production costs has crucial economic implications.
Claims (5)
1. a novel austenitic heat-resistance stainless steel is characterized in that, count by weight percentage, ingredient is as follows:
C:0.04-0.08%;?Si:2.05-2.80%;Mn:1.3-2.0%;
P:≤0.035%; S:≤0.030%; Cr:23.5-26.0%;
Ni:19.2-22.0%;N:0.08%; Co:0.20-1.50%;
Mo:0.10-0.20%;Xt:0.01-1.0%;
Surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
2. the preparation method of an a kind of novel austenitic heat-resistance stainless steel as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) carry out preparation of raw material by the weight percent meter calculation of austenite heat-resistance stainless steel ingredient:
C:0.04-0.08%;?Si:2.05-2.80%;Mn:1.3-2.0%;
P:≤0.035%; S:≤0.030%; Cr:23.5-26.0%;
Ni:19.2-22.0%;N:0.08%; Co:0.20-1.50%;
Mo:0.10-0.20%;Xt:0.01-1.0%;
Surplus is Fe and unavoidable impurities;
2) will pack into by the raw material of aforementioned preparation and smelt in the induction furnace, refining period, temperature was controlled at 1540 ℃-1590 ℃, refining time 25-45 minute;
3) electroslag refining, refining period, temperature was controlled at 1540 ℃-1580 ℃, melting voltage 45-50V, melting electric current 2600-3000A;
4) forge, 1180 ℃-950 ℃ of forging temperatures are opened and are forged 1180 ℃ of temperature;
5) hot rolling, 1150 ℃-900 ℃ of hot-rolled temperatures, 1150 ℃ of start rolling temperatures;
6) annealing, 950 ℃-1040 ℃ of annealing temperatures, 1.5 hours water-cooled time;
7) multi-pass carries out drawing → annealing → drawing, obtains the austenite heat-resistance stainless steel finished product.
3. the preparation method of a kind of novel austenitic heat-resistance stainless steel according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the drawing described in the step 7) adopts bicycle to carry out.
4. the preparation method of a kind of novel austenitic heat-resistance stainless steel according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the annealing described in the step 7), and its annealing temperature is 950 ℃-1040 ℃, annealing insulation 1 hour.
5. the preparation method of a kind of novel austenitic heat-resistance stainless steel according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the raw material of the preparation step 2) is packed into and is smelted in the induction furnace, its loading sequence is: carbon C-pure iron Fe-chromium metal Cr-nickel plate Ni-silicon Si-manganese Mn-cobalt Co-molybdenum Mo, described rare earth Xt stir coming out of the stove once to add in the molten steel in preceding 5 minutes.
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CN102181752A (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2011-09-14 | 江苏新华合金电器有限公司 | Hand hole sealing cover spring material for steam generator of nuclear power plant and preparation method of hand hole sealing cover spring material |
CN102330024A (en) * | 2011-09-02 | 2012-01-25 | 上海大学 | Steel for tandem tube mill hollow mandrel and preparation technology thereof |
CN103469096A (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2013-12-25 | 西安交通大学 | Heat-resistant steel used for ethylene cracking furnace tube material, and preparation method for ethylene cracking furnace tube |
CN103741065A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-04-23 | 宝钢不锈钢有限公司 | Austenite heat-resistance stainless steel resisting high temperature oxidation |
CN103938109A (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2014-07-23 | 江苏中钢电热合金有限公司 | Preparation method of Ni-Cr-Fe electrothermal alloy |
CN104726791A (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2015-06-24 | 江苏新华合金电器有限公司 | Formula of austenite heat-resisting alloy mesh belt wire for continuous mesh belt furnace and preparation method of mesh belt wire |
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CN106917031A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2017-07-04 | 上海电气上重铸锻有限公司 | Z3CN18-10 controls the manufacture method of nitrogen austenitic stainless steel forging |
CN107475527A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-12-15 | 洛阳双瑞特种装备有限公司 | A kind of high efficient thermoforming process of Mo austenitic stainless steels |
CN111172454A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-19 | 江苏新华合金有限公司 | 314 heat-resistant steel wire and preparation method thereof |
CN112680671A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-20 | 江苏新核合金科技有限公司 | Preparation process of high-temperature alloy wire for cold heading |
CN114045443A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-02-15 | 连云港力升金属科技有限公司 | Corrosion-resistant high-strength high-toughness high-heat-conductivity stainless steel wire and preparation method thereof |
WO2023082335A1 (en) * | 2021-11-14 | 2023-05-19 | 重庆三爱海陵实业有限责任公司 | Valve and high-temperature-resistant alloy thereof |
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CN102181752A (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2011-09-14 | 江苏新华合金电器有限公司 | Hand hole sealing cover spring material for steam generator of nuclear power plant and preparation method of hand hole sealing cover spring material |
CN102330024A (en) * | 2011-09-02 | 2012-01-25 | 上海大学 | Steel for tandem tube mill hollow mandrel and preparation technology thereof |
CN103469096A (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2013-12-25 | 西安交通大学 | Heat-resistant steel used for ethylene cracking furnace tube material, and preparation method for ethylene cracking furnace tube |
CN103741065B (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2018-04-10 | 宝钢不锈钢有限公司 | A kind of austenite heat-resistance stainless steel of resistance to high temperature oxidation |
CN103741065A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-04-23 | 宝钢不锈钢有限公司 | Austenite heat-resistance stainless steel resisting high temperature oxidation |
CN103938109A (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2014-07-23 | 江苏中钢电热合金有限公司 | Preparation method of Ni-Cr-Fe electrothermal alloy |
CN104726791A (en) * | 2015-03-09 | 2015-06-24 | 江苏新华合金电器有限公司 | Formula of austenite heat-resisting alloy mesh belt wire for continuous mesh belt furnace and preparation method of mesh belt wire |
CN104862610A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-08-26 | 上海惠北特种合金有限公司 | Novel austenite heat-resisting alloy material and manufacturing method thereof |
CN106917031A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2017-07-04 | 上海电气上重铸锻有限公司 | Z3CN18-10 controls the manufacture method of nitrogen austenitic stainless steel forging |
CN107475527A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-12-15 | 洛阳双瑞特种装备有限公司 | A kind of high efficient thermoforming process of Mo austenitic stainless steels |
CN111172454A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-19 | 江苏新华合金有限公司 | 314 heat-resistant steel wire and preparation method thereof |
CN112680671A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-20 | 江苏新核合金科技有限公司 | Preparation process of high-temperature alloy wire for cold heading |
WO2023082335A1 (en) * | 2021-11-14 | 2023-05-19 | 重庆三爱海陵实业有限责任公司 | Valve and high-temperature-resistant alloy thereof |
CN114045443A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-02-15 | 连云港力升金属科技有限公司 | Corrosion-resistant high-strength high-toughness high-heat-conductivity stainless steel wire and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20101222 |