TW580679B - Display device - Google Patents
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- TW580679B TW580679B TW089125483A TW89125483A TW580679B TW 580679 B TW580679 B TW 580679B TW 089125483 A TW089125483 A TW 089125483A TW 89125483 A TW89125483 A TW 89125483A TW 580679 B TW580679 B TW 580679B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
- G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
- G09G3/3216—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using a passive matrix
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
- G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
- G09G3/3275—Details of drivers for data electrodes
- G09G3/3283—Details of drivers for data electrodes in which the data driver supplies a variable data current for setting the current through, or the voltage across, the light-emitting elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
- G09G2310/06—Details of flat display driving waveforms
- G09G2310/066—Waveforms comprising a gently increasing or decreasing portion, e.g. ramp
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
- G09G2320/0285—Improving the quality of display appearance using tables for spatial correction of display data
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
- G09G2320/029—Improving the quality of display appearance by monitoring one or more pixels in the display panel, e.g. by monitoring a fixed reference pixel
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
- G09G2320/029—Improving the quality of display appearance by monitoring one or more pixels in the display panel, e.g. by monitoring a fixed reference pixel
- G09G2320/0295—Improving the quality of display appearance by monitoring one or more pixels in the display panel, e.g. by monitoring a fixed reference pixel by monitoring each display pixel
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/04—Maintaining the quality of display appearance
- G09G2320/041—Temperature compensation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/04—Maintaining the quality of display appearance
- G09G2320/043—Preventing or counteracting the effects of ageing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/2007—Display of intermediate tones
- G09G3/2011—Display of intermediate tones by amplitude modulation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/2007—Display of intermediate tones
- G09G3/2014—Display of intermediate tones by modulation of the duration of a single pulse during which the logic level remains constant
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
Description
580679 A7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -------- B7___五、發明說明(1 ) 本發明係關於一種顯示裝置,其包含一或多顯示元件, 至少其中一者包含一發光二極體及一供驅動一或多顯示元 件之驅動單元。 此顯不裝置例如可得知於PCT/US98/08367(公告W〇 98/48403)號世界專利申請案中,此案揭述矩陣型顯示裝 置’其包含配置成行列狀之複數圖案或顯示元件,顯示裝 置結合一行資料產生器及一列資料產生器。操作時,各列 依序經由一列線致動,相對應之像素即利用相對應之行線 致動。在一被動式矩陣顯示裝置中,各列像素依序一 _照 射而在主動式矩陣顯示裝置中,各像素包含一記憶 體,且各列像素依序載入資料。 由於含有顯示裝置之電子裝置已日益廣泛使用,例如膝 上型電腦、行動電話…等等,因此已有採用多種顯示科 技’例如液晶顯示裝置(LCD)及發光二極體(LED)顯示裝 置’此二項科技間之重要區別在於led爲放射型裝置,其 較非放射型裝置如LCDs者而具有功率效率之優點。在— LCD中則備有一螢光之背光,通常在顯示裝置之整個周期 使用期間點亮,藉以均勻散發功率於斷電狀態之像素,反 之’一混合式LED顯示裝置僅照射於致動之像素,而無功 率散發於斷電狀態之像素。因此,採用一 led像素結構之 顯示裝置可減少功率消耗,其特別有利於以一電池做爲電 源之攜帶式電子裝置。 惟,儘管採用一LED像素結構之顯示裝置可減少功率消 耗,此一像素結構在強度上仍呈現不均勻性,因爲其影變 -4 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(21G x 297公董)- c請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁}
•-I l·---訂---- 4. 580679 A7 B7 五、發明說明(2 ) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 於許多源,其中二者即驅動電晶體之閾電壓漂移及製造所 致之電晶體不均勻性,如WO 98/48403案所示。藉由結合一 電流源於LED像素結構,以降低電流不均勻性及像素結構 中之“驅動電晶體,,閾電壓變化,可使強度不均勾性亦降 低。 惟,其他現象仍會導致強度不均勻性,特別是顯示裝置 中之LEDs在其使用期間係依據欲顯示之資料而接收不同電 流,此即造成顯示裝置之非均質性老化,而在光輸出減低 超過大約2至3%之變化程度時即已無法接受。 大體上,其需在發光二極體之光輸出上取得有效控制, 據此,本發明之一目的在提供上述顯示裝置,其中光輸出 之不充为控制及/或變化等缺點可排除或至少大致減低之。 就此而言,本發明顯示裝置之特徵在驅動單元包含裝 置,供測量通過發光二極體之電壓,及裝置,係依據測得 之電壓以調整發光二極體用之驅動訊號。較佳爲顯示裝置 包含裝置,供決定自測得電壓輸出之光線變化,及/或顯示 裝置包含一記憶體,供儲存測量値或一自此衍生之値。 LEDs之光輸出(通常以Cd/m2表示)大致比例於電流,且定 義爲電流與效率做爲時間函數之產物。在以固定電流操作 期間 廷壓上昇係隨著光輸出減少而測量,經發現此電 壓上昇及光輸出減少有相互關係。測量電壓後,例如電壓 上昇及光輸出減少之間關係之分析式,或定時取樣之查詢 表(Look-Up-Table),皆可用於決定欲注入一特殊led内之 額外電荷,以利保持一(大致上)固定之光輸出而參考做爲
-----------#i (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂---- MM MB MB 蜃 華· 580679 A7 """ B7 五、發明說明(3 ) 未使用之LED。隨後,脈衝順序期間注入之總電荷量可調 整以補償光輸出惡化。 儘管本發明係特足用於備有單一發光二極體之裝置,例 如校正光源及警示光應一致地放射一指定之光線量,但是 其特別有用於含有複數發光二極體之顯示裝置,例如小段 或像素。在此LED顯示裝置中,本發明利用調整一或多 LEDs而較佳爲所有LEDs之驅動訊號(較佳爲一電流)及光輸 出至一預足程度,以減低或排除顯示裝置非均質性老化之 效應,例如用於一未使用之LED者。本發明之優點特別在 於俗稱之有機及聚合物LEDs,因爲非均質性老化對於有機 及聚合物LEDs之實際使用上有困難。 在顯示裝置之應用中,二極體係配置成一行列式矩陣, 且顯示裝置進一步包含一行驅動器(有時稱爲“資料產生器,,) 及一列驅動器(有時稱爲“選擇產生器”),較佳爲記憶體相 當大而足以儲存顯示裝置一整行或列之測量値。 發光一極體用之驅動訊號較佳爲透過振幅調制(am)及/ 或脈寬調制(PWM)調整,本發明之am及PWM較佳爲添加至 經常用於控制之AM及PWM,例如顯示元件之灰影或亮度。 本發明之顯示裝置較佳爲包含裝置,供測量發光二極體 之一閾電壓,及裝置,係依據測得之閾電壓以調整該發光 二極體用之驅動訊號。一 LED之其中一特徵在當通過發光 二極體之電壓高於一閾電壓時即開始發光,經發現此閾電 壓之上昇及因老化所致光輸出之減低係有相互關聯性。決 定閾電壓後,例如閾電壓上昇及光輸出減少之間關係之分 -6 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
-I · I I I l· II I ^ I I I I ΜΨ. 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 580679 A7
580679 A7 五、發明說明(6 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 作功能、一高電導及一 _ 在了見先谱中<高透明度。 田含兒參(相對於電極3)做爲供主動声2中之不;、缸 用負電極,用於襁撙不知 野日2宁艾%子注射 州於選擇電極4之材料例 能之材料,例如銦或鎂。 了馬鋁或-低工作功 圖2簡示具有㈣與爪行之此咖麵陣之一部分等效 圖’此圖揭不驅動裝詈 电路 電路、m 列選擇電路5 (例如一多工 資科暫存器6。自外部提出之資, 、 訊號,係在一枘制罝-7击老 ,彳如一視頻 ,, 乙制 7中處理,控制單元根據欲顯示之資 料而載入資料暫存器6之個別部二 ^ ^ ^ 刀夕丨〗選擇電壓係由列選擇 2*出’列之選擇及電壓料電極4之提出之間之相互 同步則經由控制線8、9而利用控制單元7進行。 上述電極之細節、適用於主動或放射層 物 '諸層之厚纟、及料LED之基材等,可參; PCT/IB96/00414i^界專利申請案(公告w〇 96/36959號)。本 2明之優點係特別顯著於有機及聚合物發光二極體。 A^LLi在一時間宕址之像素 圖2包含-電壓測量器1〇於各行上,且在各電流㈣後探 測屯壓。在此第一實施例中,各列線4ι· · 4n中之LEDs係在一 時間定址,且驅動組織揭示於圖3中。 在列選擇之一可行實例中,在時間t= 〇,當施加之列電 係自非選擇電壓VnQnsel降低至選擇電壓丨以時,一線即選用 定址,電流隨後以一tp周期依序施加於各LED (tp爲由行數 分割之線時間)。具有振幅Imeasure之短暫測試電流脈衝期間 各行之電壓Vmeasure先做探測,此vmeasure値再轉送至資料暫存 壓 於 m 器 -9 - 580679 A7 五、發明說明( 6且儲存於記憶體14内,此處之二極體電壓計算如下
VLED = Vmea繼一 Vsel — + U R_ (Rcd)係自驅動器至欲定址之實際像素之列(行)電極之 電阻,VLro之實際値爲LED衰退以及其發光效率之測量値。 根據VLm),驅動電流(1—^即修正以補償LED之老化,電流 修正之量例如可參考一表列之查詢表(L〇〇k_ up- Table)或 LUT 13而決定,或可利用一分析式計算之。 分析式及LUT例如可藉由測量在一固定驅動電流下之特定 LED之電壓及光輸出而建立,測得之値可呈曲線,以利取 得一分析式(例如一指數式或多項式等式),或輸入於Lut 内0 如上所述,補償可採用脈寬(圖3斷折線所示之脈寬調制 圖)或電流振幅(圖3虛線所示之振幅調制圖)之修正型式, 在線時間終點處,列電壓轉換成vnonsel且下一列以相同方式 定址。 此實施例之優點在於記憶體14僅需一小像素記憶體,此 方法有利於驅動小段之顯示,即顯示小段(像素)數量小且% 大。 實__施例2 :在一時間以線記憶體定址乏_ 在此實施例中,一線之所有像素係同時定址,驅動圖係 簡示於圖4中,一列再一次藉由降低列電壓至v-而選擇, 惟’列線中之所有像素利用所有電流源以同時定址,結果 像素皆定址接近於一全線時間tline,其令此方法亦適用於驅 動較大之顯示器。 -10 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) --------訂---- 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 580679 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 五、發明說明(8 ) 一個別像素電壓之決定係相似於實施例丨而進行,即利用_ 幅Imeasure之小測量電流脈衝而以電懕探針測景 振 土 > 1 、4 里 v measure 0 JL — 次,像素之電壓需藉由校正沿著列與行之電阻性電: 而決定’如實施例i所示者。在實施此校正中,應 貝失 解的是,當所有LEDs同時探測時,沿著遠離於驅動 與行之電流即改變,這些像素電壓隨後儲存於記憶=1 内,在此例子中爲-線記憶體,且用於決定補償相關: 素老化所需心驅動電流(idrive)中之修正。[呢或分析函數 再次取得如驅動電流之脈寬或振幅中之變化。 " 在線時間終點處,列電壓轉換成Vmmsei且下一列可以 方式定址。 Μ 在實施例卜2中,老化補償係動態地實施(即像素驅動 前),在許多例子中,像素老化較爲漸進,且其僅需周期性 探測像素電壓’然後使用相同補償値於較長之時間周期, 或許咼達數小時’此需要一訊框記憶體1 4。 實一疼例3 :在一時間以一訊框記憶隻運線 在此實施例,記憶體14係一用於儲存顯示裝置中所有像 素測量電壓之訊框記憶體,驅動圖揭示於圖5中。在第—訊 框中,顯示裝置中之所有像素係以測量電流Ο—)定址: 且依實施例2方式測得之像素電壓係錯存於訊框記憶體14。 在第二及後續訊框,驅動電流依訊框記憶體14之内容而修 正,LUTs或分析函數可再次用於決定修正之電流,且該^ 正可取得如驅動電流之脈寬或振幅中之變化。 ^ 顯示裝置在-預定時間周期内持續以相同補償驅動,此 -11 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) -----------_^·-----—訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注音?事項再填寫本頁) 580679 A7 五、發明說明(9 ) 時訊框記憶體14再次填以新的像素電壓,並且決定一 的補償値。訊框記憶體14之後續填入可爲—固定間距,或 (請先閱讀背面之注咅?事項再填寫本頁) 可相關於顯示裝置之啓始,或將顯 ^ 丁碩不蒗置切換至另一操作 模式(例如當螢幕保護程式開始操作時)。
本發明並不侷限於上述實施例,在本 有多種變化方式。 现<11!J 總而言之’本發明係關於一種顯示裝置,其包含一或多 顯示元件,至少其中-者包含_發光:極體及―供驅動― 或多顯示元件之驅動單元。驅動單元包含裝置,供測量通 過發光二極體之電壓,及裝置,係依測得之電壓以調整發 光二極體用之驅動訊號。 例4 :像素驅動成比例於後去 本發明顯示裝置之此實施例包含裝置,供測量通過發光 一極to之私壓,及裝置,係依測得之電壓以調整發光二極 體用之驅動訊號。較特別的是,顯示裝置包含裝置以透過 脈寬調制而調整驅動訊號,驅動單元包含裝置,係依通過 該發光二極體之工作電壓而定之量,以增加發光二極體用 t驅動訊號之脈寬,工作電壓係通過發光二極體之電壓, 可使寫錄之電流通過發光二極體: 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -電流脈衝係在時間τοη切換導通。 -切斷時間T〇ff,之近似値係因老化所致通過發光二極體之 工作電壓變化A vpix之函數: T〇ff = Toff+(^ · Δ Vpix)
Toff係用於一未老化像素之切斷時間,及“係一比例常 12- 卜紙張尺度翻中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(21〇 X 297公f _ 580679 A7 五、發明說明(11 ) 性增加,一旦此卩咐等於相關二極體 4丄to <工作電壓V丨,旁通 =體即致動且令寫錄電流短路,此可避免;X流流過 LED,且LED將停止發光。 -最後,一新列定址,設定目^ f H & off又心u/判芩且電流重新寫錄用於 多工順序中之次一選定像素。 此實施例容許在-驅㈣中做—極廉價之實施,而不需 多加使用硬體。每一小段需要一單純之比較器,以比較^ 及實際(vpix,。再者,不需要記憶體儲存v啦之測量結果或 儲存一 LUT,因此不需要以满雜+ “a 而晋以複雜之決定邏輯器,,將測得之
Vp"轉變成不同之電流振幅或脈寬。 此實施例之另-重要優點爲不需要測量脈衝(如圖3、4所 示),此容許完全使用可用之時間做顯示,而非校正。 置__施例5 :像素驅動成比例於傻素閾雷嚴 本發明顯示裝置之此實施例包含裝置,供測量發光二極 體之閾電壓,及裝置,係依閾電壓以調整發光二極體用之 驅動訊號。較特別的是,顯示裝置包含裝置以透過脈寬調 制而調整驅動訊號,驅動單元包含裝置,係依該發光二極 體之閾電壓而定之量,以增加發光二極體用之驅動訊號之 脈寬: -電流脈衝係在時間Τοη切換導通。 -切斷時間Toff’之近似値係因老化所致通過發光二極體之 閾電壓變化A Vth^^ci之函數:
Toff = Toff + ( „ X Δ Vthresh〇ld)
Toff係用於一未老化像素之切斷時間,及“係一比例常 -14 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公爱) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -裝-----^---訂---------. 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 580679 A7 B7 五、發明說明(12) 數。在老化例子中’ LED之閾電壓△ Vthresh〇ldf =Vthreshold+ △ V threshold ? Vthreshold爲一未老化LED之閾電壓,因此: τ off = Ύ off - ( a XV threshold) + ( ^ X V threshold1 ) 應注意的是(α x Vthreshdd)係無關於老化,且當LED驅動時 即無關於電流振幅,在此例子中: T off·=常數 + ( a x v thres_’) 因此,切斷時間TQff’顯示出一線性依存於LED之閾電壓。 切斷時間可獨立地對各像素延遲,脈衝期間通過LED之閾 越高,則直到電流切斷之延遲越大,比例常數 沈可經選定以利延遲之切斷時間補償LED老化效應。 在電流脈衝之脈寬調制使用於灰度例子中,較佳爲電流 脈衝T。。之啓始依據灰度調制,此容許切斷時間僅爲像素 閾電壓Vthreshddf之函數,故不依存於灰度。 據信,一LED之老化會造成該LED之閾電壓上昇,一LED 顯示像素之電力圖可爲一二極體,且二電極之間備有一平 行之電容。由於二電極間之電容與電流驅動之組合,致使 發光之啓始延遲:一電流脈衝開始處,只要通過LED之電 壓低於該LED之閾電壓,則固定電流即用於充電電容Cpix, 而非產生光線(如圖7);在電流脈衝終止處(當電流強制於 零時),電容中之充電即去除。 只要通過發光二極體12之電壓低於該二極體之閾電壓, 電容Cpix即充電,二極體之閾電壓越高則用於充電電容Cpixi 電流越多,而非發光者。此閾電壓對於顯示裝置中之不同 像素而言並不相同:經常導通之像素表示閾電壓較高於甚 -15- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) ----------I -----^—訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 580679 A7 -—____B7_ —---------- 五、發明說明(13 ) 少使用之像素者。因此,若在顯示裝置中定址,具有不同 閾電壓之二像素電極(除此之外皆相同)將不顯示/出相同亮 度,較常使用之像素比甚少使用之像素暗,例如: -假設一顯示爲每秒80幅訊框,意指各顯示像素可定址於 高達每秒80幅訊框,且因而放射一光線脈衝高達每秒8〇 次。 •假設一 1: 100之多工顯示,意指此顯示裝置容許以同一 電極定址100個不同像素,造成每秒8000 (8〇xl〇〇)次脈衝之 最大値。 -假設一 LED像素具有大約0.25 nF電容Cpix及20 mA電流以 用於一像素之全照射’藉由一電極之電流脈衝,所有連接 於此電極之像素電容皆需被充電及放電,在此一情形下, 100 X 0.25 nF=25 nF必須以每秒8000次之頻率f被充電及放 電。 -假設顯示含有一些常用之像素及一些不常用之像素,在 此例子中,閾電壓中之差異A V可爲大約3 V。 因此,用於充電及放電之電流I爲:
I =△V X C X f I =3 V X 25 nF X 8000 Hz I =0.6 mA 因此’在此實例中20 mA - 0· 6 mA= 19.4 mA可用於照 射,易言之,常用之像素將具有大約3%之放射減少量,此 表示爲某類老化效應,此老化效應可利用一驅動單元補 償,驅動單元包含裝置,係以一依據該發光二極體閾電壓 之量,以增加發光二極體用之驅動訊號之脈寬。 __ -16- 本紙張尺度適用中關家標準(CNS)A4規格(21G X 297公髮) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) --裝 訂----- 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製
Claims (1)
- 580679 A8 B8 C8 D8 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 六、申請專利範圍 L 種顯示裝置,其包含一或多顯示元件,至少其中一者 L * 一發光二極體及一供驅動一或多顯示元件之驅動單 疋’其特徵在驅動單元包含裝置,供測量通過發光二極 體之電壓及/或電流,及裝置,係依據測得之電壓及/或 電流以調整發光二極體用之驅動訊號。 2·如申請專利範圍第丨項之顯示裝置,其中顯示裝置包含 裝置,供決定自測得電壓輸出之光線變化。 3·如申凊專利範圍第1項之顯示裝置,其中顯示裝置包含 $己憶體’供儲存測量値或一自此衍生之値。 4.如申凊專利範圍第1項之顯示裝置,其中顯示裝置包 至少一電流源,及一電壓測量裝置用於探測電流源與 少一二極體間之電壓。 5·如申请專利範圍第3項之顯示裝置,包含配置成行列取 之多數二極體,其中記憶體相當大而足以儲存一整行或 列之測量値或自此衍生之値。 6_如申請專利範圍第3項之顯示裝置,其中記憶體相當 而足以儲存包含於顯示裝置内之各二極體之測量値或 此衍生之値。 7·如申請專利範圍第2項之顯示裝置,其中供決定自測γ 電壓輸出之光線變化之裝置係採用一查詢表(Look- Up Table)或分析式,其含有光輸出之變化做爲通過發光二 極體之電壓變化之函數。 8.如申請專利範圍第i項之顯示裝置,其中顯示裝置之-增強或變暗狀態係實絕以補償顯示裝置内之溫度變 含 至 狀 大白 得 化及 I---^ -1------訂---------^ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 18- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 580679 A8 B8 C8 D8六、申請專利範圍 /或延長其壽命。 H請專利範圍第1項之顯示裝置,其包含—電致發光 :料之主動層,係設於一第一及一第二電極之=少 八中一電極係透明於主動層放射之光線,及其中一電極 包含一適用於注入荷電體之材料。 10.如申叩專利範圍第丨或2項之顯示裝置,其中顯示裝置包 含裝置,供測量發光二極體之一閾電壓,及裝置,係依 據測得之閾電壓以調整該發光二極體用之驅動訊號。 U.如申請專利範園第10項之顯示裝置,其中顯示裝置包含 裝置’以透過脈寬調制而調整驅動訊號,及其中驅動單 疋包含裝置,供以一比例於該發光二極體閾電壓之量, 以增加發光二極體用之驅動訊號之脈寬。 12· —種電子裝置,包含一如申請專利範圍第1項之顯示裝 置〇 -----------裝--------訂---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -19 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐)
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