A7 548385 _________— B7 _____ 五、發明說明（/ ) <發明總論> 本發明係有關於一種依照需求自動地從一個液體源饋 給一封閉之液體系統的方法，這種封閉之液體系統像是一 中央加熱系統或另一種設計成封閉液體迴路的熱交換器或 熱處理系統，在這種封閉液體系統中，係產生以液體形成 的一種饋給暫存器，且在該液體源和饋給暫存器之間只容 許沿著饋給暫存器方向的液體流動發生。本發明亦有關於 一種能夠被用來實施本發明之方法的滴給饋給器和使用本 、發明之方法和滴給饋給器的加熱系統。 專利案第W〇一 A — 00/19149號揭示一種如 上所述的方法。在一個去除氣泡的腔室中保持有一貯備液 體，該貯備液體是根據需要而經由一液體源（尤其是公共 用水供給系統）從一浮動控制閥形成。在此種方法中，必 須要確保不論是在什麼狀況下（譬如由於系統內的壓力增 加或由於液體源的壓力下降或壓力失效）在饋給期間，來 自於該封閉液體系統的液體都無法流回到饋給來源處。它 也必須要能夠確保當發生大災難的時候（譬如液體系統的 管線破裂），來自於該液體源的饋給至少會以大致上的程 度被截斷，以致於該災難不再惡化。 將藉由例子並參照一個中央加熱裝置將對這些問題更 詳細的討論。此種具有變化之溫度與壓力的封閉液體循環 迴路通常利用一個擴張貯槽，使得在溫度變化的情況下， $寸閉液體體積的膨脹和收縮能夠配合而不會有過度的壓力 上升。另外，在此種封閉液體循環迴路中，尤其是當牽涉 --!--_ 4 ^中關家標準（CNS)A4規格（21G X 297公釐) ---- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -------訂i ϋ «ϋ ϋ— n 1.1 ϋ I _ A7 548385 ___B7______ 五、發明說明（2 ) 到中央加熱裝置時，幾乎很難以避免從封閉迴路漏失液體 。從封閉系統中漏失的液體量達到明顯可見的地步時可以 採取補救的措施。當洩漏的數量較小時，洩漏的位置幾乎 無法被發現或是要以極大困難而發現。再者，液體洩漏的 數量可能是如此地小，以致於這些液體幾乎是在洩漏後立 刻被蒸發掉，在這種情況中發生滲出洩漏時，這種洩漏是 極難以（即使不是全然不可能）追溯其發生源。當對一個 4 0仟瓦（kW)的加熱裝置作長時間的測量時，所發現 的是這些無法追溯起源的洩漏損失是大約0. 8cc/2 4小時，其大約對應於一個使用暖氣的季節裏大約3 0 0 c c的數量。 可察覺的或不可察覺之洩漏的水可以利用一個擴張貯 槽收集到一個特定的程度，該擴張貯槽可以被視爲一個補 償源，但只是一個有限的補償源。若這個補償源被耗盡， 那麼更進一步的洩漏會讓在該封閉之液體循環迴路裏的壓 力快速地下降，這種壓力的下降在落到一個特定壓力値以 下的情況中，譬如，當在一個加熱裝置裏的壓力下降到大 氣壓力時，會造成該裝置自動停止操作。對於一個中央加 熱裝置而言，這可能會有災難性的後果，譬如，在一個降 霜的夜晚發生這樣的情況。這可以藉由一種已揭示在專利 案第W〇一A — 〇 〇/1 9 1 49號中的補救方法來加以 防止。然而，這種方法需要特別的預防措施，以便如先前 所討論地防止液體從該封閉的液體系統裏流回到該液體源 ’並且在譬如是該封閉液體系統中管線破裂的情形之下， _ 5 私紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)Aa格（210 x 297公爱) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -------訂--------- A7 548385 ______B7_ 五、發明說明（3 ) 更當然要防止液體從一個實質上不受限制的液體源（譬如 公共用水系統）自由地流入。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本發明的目的是要提供~種方法，藉由該方法，一個 封閉液體系統能夠從一個液體源依照需要自動地得到饋給 ，而不會有讓該液體從該液體系統流入液體源的風險，並 且，其中也能夠確保該液體系統中發生變故的情況下，液 體也不能夠不受到限制地從該液體源處通過而進入液體系 統。 本發明的另一個目的是要提供一種方法，藉由該方法 ，一個預定數量之液體能夠瞬間地被饋送到該液體系統。 •線· 本發明的目的也在於提供一種滴給饋給器，先前所述 之方法可以藉由這種滴給饋給器而得以有利的實施，因而 ，該滴給饋給器能夠從一個基本上不受限制之液體來源（ 譬如像是，一個公共用水饋給系統）依照需要，自動地從 該封閉循環迴路補充少量脫逃的液體，而且不會有排斥或 未受遏止之大量漏水之風險。 本發明的又一個目的是要提供一種封閉液體循環系統 ，該系統藉由利用此種滴給饋給器而可以在壓力之下自動 地被抑制，同時更進一步地’它能夠確保當發生洩漏的時 候，短暫地排放出一個特定的、有限數量的液體，以方便 於找出發生洩漏的地方，在這個有限數量的液體被排放出 去之後，該自動饋給會停止而不會導致連續的大量水的流 失。 藉由依照本發明之用於視貫際需要從一液體源自動饋 ___6____ 木紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 548385 B7 五、發明說明（V ) 給一封閉液體系統的方法’一液體暫存器係被設置在該液 體源和封閉的饋給系統之間’且從該液體饋給暫存器到該 封閉的液體系統之間只容許有滴狀的液體輸送發生’因而 可確保該液體迴路能夠從該液體源得到連續的饋給’而同 時限制了液體受壓力而回到該液體暫存器’並且液體回流 到該液體源的情形則被完全地根絕。因而’其亦保證了儘 管在正常運作期間，液體能夠被容許連續地且在無監控的 情況下從液體源流入，在液體迴路中發生壓力下降或是壓 力故障的情形中，譬如’由於管線破裂，液體只能夠以點 滴狀從該液體源洩漏出去，直到被發現時而以另一種方式 (譬如，經由閥門）完全關掉饋給爲止。 接著該饋給暫存器可以與該液體系統開放地相互流通 ，因而實際上係形成該液體系統的一部份。在該情況中， 該饋給暫存器可能會遭受壓力的起伏波動，並且根據本發 明另一個實施例，較佳的是該饋給暫存器具有一個最小容 積，當饋給暫存器的壓力超過液體源的壓力時，該容積係 會增加。因而，該饋給暫存器可以被配置成具有膨脹的可 能性，並且，更可以安排該饋給暫存器容積的增加會受到 一個排放過度壓力保護裝置的限制° 因爲液體只能以點滴狀被該饋給暫存器排出，因而可 以確實地獲致一個有效的外流保護’但是每單位時間能夠 被添加於該系統的液體數量會被限制。若是認爲有需要在 一個相對較短的時間內傳送大量的液體到該系統，以根據 本發明又一個實施例可以了解到’如果在饋給暫存器和封 ___ 7 __— —__ 幸、紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) · -線 548385 A7 B7 ---- 五、發明說明（S ) 閉的液體系統之間產生一個液體貯槽’該液體貯槽係透過 從該饋給暫存器來的點滴狀傳輸而經由一個開放的連接裝 置受到饋給，並旦該液體貯槽係經由一個可封閉的通道與 該液體系統相連接，同時該通道的開啓和關閉是依據封閉 液體系統所產生的虜力大小而受到控制。 爲了要實現本發明’可以有利地利用一個被容置在一 個滴給饋給器裏的饋給暫存器，該滴給饋給器具有一個圓 柱形殼體，且該圓柱形殼體帶有一個輸入口、一個輸出口 、和一個被設置在該殼體內部以便自由移動之大致上圓柱 形的柱塞，該柱塞具有至少一個第一部份和一個第二部份 ，該第一部份以滑動配合的方式被配適於圓柱形殼體中’ 而該第二部份具有一個較第一部份爲小的直徑，該柱塞能 夠關閉在一個鄰接位置上的輸出口’同時保持一個暢通的 微小滲漏通道，並且該柱塞具有一個通道’其能夠將輸入 口與在第二部份周圍之殻體內的一個空間相連接、並且具 有一個防止液體從該空間流回到輸入口的止回閥。透過這 些措施可以獲致一個滴給饋給器，其中，被連接到一個加 壓之液體源（譬如公共用水系統）之後，該柱塞被液體壓 力驅動入到一個鄰接位置，且該微小滲漏通道的設計能夠 係只容許有限數量的點滴狀液體通過。因此，小量的滲出 式洩漏損失能夠自動地且連續地被補充。如果萬一發生大 變故（譬如，管線破裂）而造成在該滴給饋給器輸出口處 的壓力失效，該滴給饋給器仍然繼續輸送點滴狀液體，以 致於管線破裂的後果將不會因爲較大量地連續供應液體而 _ _ 8 ί請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) •參 訂---------線- 紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（21〇 X 297公釐） A7 548385 ___B7____ 五、發明說明（A ) 惡化。若是相反的情形發生，也就是說，在輸出口的壓力 較高於在輸入口的壓力’譬如，在補充液體源中暫時的壓 力下降或壓力失效之情形中，即使輸出口和輸入口之間的 壓力差異增加得很多而使得該柱塞在輸入口的方向中被壓 擠並且該微小的滲漏通道變成較寬的開放連接時，該止回 閥仍會防止液體通過該閥門並且自行經由輸入口流入補充 液體源。 該微小洩漏通道的實現和適當的訂定尺寸、以及在尺 寸已定的情況下之維修作業，係尤其與該柱塞之第二部份 與該輸出口配合的方式有關。爲了將配合的情形最佳化， 可以根據本發明另一個實施例來將該柱塞的第二部份配置 成藉由一個對中放置的插梢狀凸出部而延伸，該插梢狀凸 出部以滑動配合的方式銜接形成該輸出口一部份的一個鑽 孔，並且在靠近與第二部份相連接的部位處具有一個周圍 凹槽，該插梢凸出部之至少一個在縱向方向上延伸的縱向 凹槽係連接該周圍凹槽。經由這些措施係可以實現柱塞在 殼體中的精確引導並且將輸出口的尺寸縮減到所想要的大 小。 該微小的滲漏通道可以以各種的方式實現。其中一個 例子是：在柱塞第二部份的一個或兩個配合端面中以及在 殻體端壁中之極爲精小的凹槽。然而’根據本發明又一個 實施例，特別較佳的是：該插梢狀凸出部係以一足部連接 到該柱塞的第二部份並且在一個自由末端處終止，且一個 密封環圈係被設置在該足部周圍，並且在該第二部份之鄰 __9_______ 衣紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之法意事頊存琪寫本買〕 -------1T---------線一 548385 B7 五、發明說明（Ί ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 接位置中的自由端係接觸一調整元件的凸輪面，該調整元 件可以相對於插梢狀凸出部移動’並且當被移動時’該調 整元件可以經由該插梢狀凸出部在縱向方向上轉移柱塞。 透過這些措施係可以獲致一種結構’藉著該結構’滲漏的 程度、以及因此該微小滲漏通道的寬度能夠被非常精確地 被調整。一般來說’該密封環圏係被柱塞擠壓而進入一個 推頂殼體端壁的密封位置。然而，該柱塞能夠藉由該調整 元件而被壓回，結果，原先較爲扁平的密封環圈係再次逐 漸開始變回到較爲圓形的原始形狀。在一特定的時刻，這 會造成密封環圏不再完全地密封該微小滲漏通道，而是釋 放該滲漏通道。因而，所欲獲致之滲漏通道的寬度以及形 成微小滲漏通道都可一起藉由該調整元件而被精確地控制 〇 如先前的說明，在使用滴給饋給器期間，柱塞係經由 補充液體源的液體壓力被驅迫進入到鄰接位置中。爲了確 保該柱塞總是被保持在其鄰接位置中，並且在該補充液體 源中發生短暫的低壓力或壓力失效的情況中，一個朝向著 該鄰接位置的補充作用力必須被作用於該柱塞上。根據本 發明另一個實施例，這可以很容易地被實現，在該實施例 中’該柱塞係被一彈簧壓入鄰接位置，該彈簧一方面係被 支撐於柱塞上，在另一方面，該彈簧又被支撐在一個靜止 地與殼體相連接的止擋部上，在這樣的連接裏，更爲較佳 的是該止擋部可以相對於殼體作調整。 根據本發明的另一個實施例，一個非常有效的止回閥 ϋ尺度適时國H 標準（CNS)A4 χ 297ω )----— A7 548385 五、發明說明（S ) 可以以一種相當簡單的方法來實現，如果該止回閥是以一 個在柱塞之第二部份外表面上的一個環形凹槽形成的（該 環形凹槽具有側邊與一個底部），至少一個與輸入口相連 通的通道係開放於該環形凹槽中，且該凹槽在離底部一段 距離處係被一個鄰接在該環形凹槽側邊處的〇形環圈密封 住。另外，藉由更進一步將該凹槽的側邊設計成可以相對 於彼此而調整，該止回閥的開啓壓力能夠被最佳地調整’ 而使得例如該止回閥在一個輸入口之壓力只略微高於柱塞 第二部份周圍空間的壓力之情形下已經開啓，同時，如果 在該空間內的壓力超過在輸入口中的壓力時仍可確保止回 閥是被最佳地被堵住。而且，該止回閥可以被調整到一個 較高的開啓壓力，例如是在希望被添加到該液體循環系統 之液體的最大饋給壓力低於輸入口的壓力時。 在前文中，已經注意到的是··由於政府的法令規定， 所需要的是或是可能必須要的是，沒有液體能夠從該液體 循環系統被壓入該補充液體源，爲達此目的，止回閥的存 在是一個非常有效的方法。假如在該液體循環系統中由於 未預期的原因（譬如，過量壓力保護閥失效），萬一在該 液體循環系統中形成一個高壓力，以致於柱塞沿著輸入口 的方向被擠壓而移動一段特定的距離，結果造成譬如是該 插梢狀凸出部可能會脫離開其導引機構，那麼，藉著根據 本發明的滴給饋給器可以有利地實現該系統的釋放。根據 本發明另一個實施例，該殼體具有一個輸出口，如果該柱 塞的第二部份是處於鄰接位置時，該柱塞的第一部份係密 ____ 11 木紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格"(210 X 297公釐） —----—- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -------訂·-------- A7 548385 五、發明說明（？） 封地關閉該輸出口，且在柱塞於輸入口方向中進行一個預 定的移動後，該輸出口係被釋放。 本發明亦相關於一個加熱裝置，其具有一個封閉的液 體循環迴路，在該液體循環迴路中係容置有至少一個汽鍋 與一個擴張槽，並且該封閉液體循環迴路是經由一個根據 本發明的滴給饋給器被連接到一個加壓液體源。因此可以 獲致一個加熱系統，該加熱系統除了極大的災害以外，不 會因爲缺乏水造成系統壓力下降而停頓並因而自動地停止 運作。 爲了偵側該液體循環迴路中的滲漏，若液體流出滲漏 的量使得滲漏的位置可以淸楚地被看見係非常有幫助。根 據本發明另一個實施例，如果該滴給饋給器的輸入口與該 封閉液體循環迴路的一個補充管線以及與一個補充水之儲 存容器的輸入口開放式地相連通，可以幫助此種觀察，且 該補充管線係被連接到一補充元件的輸入口，該補充元件 的輸入口與液體循環迴路開放地相連通，該輸入口具有〜 個通常是在封閉位置的閥門，但是在該液體循環迴路缺$ 水的情況下該閥門係會開啓。透過這些措施，在特定的顧 力之下，儲存容器中便能夠保持一特定量的液體可供便用 ，當打開補充元件的閥門時，這些特定數量的液體可以隨 時被送入該液體循環迴路。經由此液體脈衝，可以看見渗 漏狀況。同時，這也只是一個暫時性的液體脈衝。因舄如 果儲存容器的已經被淸空，該脈衝式的饋給會停止，而旦 更進一步的補充只能經由該滴給饋給器來實施。因而，可 ____12____ 衣紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐) " --- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1^^--------訂---------線· 548385 A7 B7 五、發明說明（/。） 以看見滲漏的地方，然而，更進一步地，經由此種使滲漏 變得可看見的方法可以防止該液體循環系統過量的連續性 滲漏。 <圖式之簡單說明> 現在將參照附圖所示之實施例，藉由獨特之非限制性 範例’現在將g羊細說明根據本發明的滴給饋給器與 統。在這些圖式中： 〜¥ 圖1係一個滴給饋給器的剖面視圖； 圖2係圖1之細部的放大比例說明圖；以及 圖3爲一加熱系統的示意圖。 <元件符號說明> 1 圓柱形殼體 2 輸入口 3 輸出口 4 柱塞 4 a 第一部份 4 b 第二部份 4 c 插梢狀凸出部 5 腔室 6 彈簧 7 止擋部 8 密封環圈 9 空間 10 凹槽 木紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 13 (請先閱讀背面之 11事項再填寫本頁) ------------訂---------· 548385 A7 __B7 五、發明說明（11 ) 11 通道 12 0形環圏 13 周圍凹槽 14 縱向凹槽 15 密封環圏 16 調整元件 16a 凸輪面 17 內側環形凹槽 18 排放流道 19 密封環圈 2 0 封閉液體循環迴路 2 1 散熱器 2 2 汽鍋 2 3 空氣收集器 2 4 無膜片式擴張槽 2 5 元件 2 6 補償閥 2 7 除氣閥 2 8 補償液體管線 2 9 滴給饋給器 3 0 管線 3 1 儲存容器 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 爹 匀： ί線 <發明之詳細說明> 圖1所示的滴給饋給器包含有一個圓柱形殻體1 ，其 _14___ 木紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） — A7 548385 __B7 ____ 五、發明說明（1工） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 帶有一個輸入口2與一個輸出口3。一個柱塞4係以可滑 動的方式被配置在該圓柱形殼體1內部’該柱塞4包含有 一個第一部份4 a、一個第二部份4 b、以及一個插梢狀 凸出部4 c。 該第一部份4 a的內部被提供有一個腔室5 ’用來容 納並且藉著插置一個過濾板2 0來支撐彈簧6的一個端部 ，而該彈簧6又被支撐在一個環形的止擋部7上，該止擋 部7係可移動地被配置在該圓柱形殼體1中。該第一部份 4 a的外部周圍表面以滑動配合的方式沿著圓柱形殼體1 的內壁移動，同時，密封環圈8係以密封地將圓柱形殼體 1中的空間分開成該第一部份4 a的左側部與右側部。 —線 該柱塞4的第二部份4 b具有一個較第一部份4 a爲 小的直徑，以致於在圓柱形殼體1內部的第二部份4 b周 圍形成一個空間9。第二部份4 b外部周圍表面中具有一 個凹槽1 0，從第一部份4 a中的腔室5延伸出來的通道 1 1係開放進入該凹槽1 〇的底部。在第二部份4 b的外 部周圍表面上，該凹槽1 〇是被一個〇形環圈1 2關閉。 因爲在腔室5中的壓力較空間9的壓力爲高的時候’ 〇形 環圏12會向外移動並且釋放介於腔室5與空間9之間的 連接，而當空間9中的壓力較腔室5的壓力爲高的時候’ 該〇形環圈12是更爲緊密地被壓擠並且更加密封地被擠 入該凹槽1 0中，因此係形成一個止回閥。止回閥的開啓 壓力是可以調整的，因爲凹槽1 0的其中一個壁部是以一 螺帽元件的一個端部邊緣形成的，該螺帽元件係以螺鎖的 15 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） A7 548385 五、發明說明（β ) 方式安裝在第二部份4 b的其餘部份上，以便於能夠移動 自如，該第二部份4 b是被一個密封環圏1 9相對於螺帽 元件而密封。該第二部份4 b係載負著插梢狀凸出部4 c ，該插梢狀凸出部4 c以滑動配合的方式延伸進入形成部 分輸出口 3的鑽孔。如圖2淸楚地說明’該插梢狀凸出部 4 c具有一個周圍凹槽1 3，一個縱向凹槽1 4係開放於 該周圍凹槽1 3中。在該插梢狀凸出部4 c周圍，並且一 方面接觸第二部份4 b而另一方面接觸該殼體壁部處係被 提供有一個密封環圏1 5。該插梢狀凸出部4 c具有一個 自由端部，其構造爲一個帶有一相當大鈍角之頂點的圓錐 形表面。該圓錐形表面係接觸一個調整元件1 6的凸輪面 1 6 a，該調整元件係橫向地延伸到該插梢狀凸出部4 c 處，並且可調整地以縱向方向中被配置在圓柱形殼體1中 ，並且被一個密封元件21相對於周圍環境密封。 該圓柱形殻體1更被提供有一個內側環形凹槽1 7， 其係與一個通導至周圍環境的排放流道1 8相連通。 該滴給饋給器的操作如下所述： 該輸入口 2是藉由未顯示的機構被連接到一個加壓液 體源（例如一個公共用水饋給系統）。經由這個壓力配合 由彈簧6所施加的作用力，柱塞係被壓入右側而進入圖1 所示的位置。如果腔室5中的液體壓力高於空間9中的液 體壓力，將產生的結果爲：該〇形環圈1 2向外移動且液 體會從腔室5流向空間9。爲了要以一種未顯示的方式饋 給一個被連接到輸出口 3的液體循環系統，液體將必須能 _ 16___ 木紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公爱) " ^- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) —訂---------線· 548385 A7 _B7_ 五、發明說明（A ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 夠從空間9流到輸出口3，並且因而必須通過密封環圏1 5。這已經藉由經由調整元件1 6將柱塞4推回而在密封 環圏1 5的位置處形成一個微小的滲漏通道而成爲可能， 以致於密封環圏1 5放鬆（也就是說從其較平坦的密封構 造彈回到較圓的構造），使得微小滲漏通道沿著該密封環 圏形成。經由該處的液體滲漏係自行進入周圍凹槽1 3中 ，並且經由縱向凹槽1 4流到輸出口 3。藉由適當地調整 該調整元件1 6，因而可以實現液體以點滴狀釋出。藉由 將液體釋出到液體循環系統，空間9中的壓力將下降，此 後，來自腔室5的補充作業會經由該止回閥再度進行。 -線 如果由於特殊的環境，輸出口 3中的液體壓力超過在 空間9中的液體壓力，該止回閥會防止液體從空間9進入 腔室5。若是介於輸出口3與輸入口2之間的壓力差異增 加很多，而使得柱塞4整個被驅迫到左邊，也就是說，在 輸入口2的方向中，那麼在柱塞4的特定移動之後，空間 9將進入與內側環形凹槽1 7相連通的狀態，並且壓力將 經由輸出口1 8向外排放。 圖3說明一個加熱系統，其包含有一個帶有散熱器2 1與汽鍋2 2的封閉液體循環迴路2 0。一個經由一空氣 收集器2 3被連接到該封閉液體循環迴路2 0的無膜片式 擴張槽2 4被配備有一個元件2 5，該元件2 5具有一個 補償閥2 6與一個除氣閥2 7。閥門2 6和2 7—般爲封 閉狀態，並且可被在擴張槽2 4中的一個浮筒開啓，而液 體從封閉液體循環迴路2 0洩漏而造成在擴張槽2 4中液 _____ 木紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 548385 B7 五、發明說明（3 ) 面高度的下降，使得一起下降的浮筒在到達一個第一高度 之後會開啓除氣閥2 7，而在更進一步下降到第二高度之 後係會開啓補償閥2 6。一條補償饋給管線2 8係連接到 該補償閥2 6，該補償饋給管線一方面與滴給饋給器2 9 連通，而在另一方面與一個儲存容器3 1相連通，該滴給 饋給器係被連接到一個公共用水饋給系統。 透過滲出洩漏損失，擴張槽2 4中的浮筒將會在一特 定時刻下降到使得補償閥2 6被開啓，並且水係從儲存容 器3 1被供應至補償閥2 6，在此之後，該補償閥2 6係 再度關閉並且從儲存容器31被抽回的水會再度由滴給饋 給器2 9補充。使用儲存容器3 1結合滴給饋給器2 9的 優點是·儘管液體是以點滴狀饋給的，在局壓下之特定貯 備的補償液體總是立即可用的。若是有故障發生，譬如， 在意外缺水的情況之下，此數量的液體是立即可獲得的。 這種從儲存容器31的有限排放防止進~步的損壞發生， 並且透過該液體的脈衝可以立即顯現何處必須進行修復工 作。 很明顯地，如同在隨附的申請專利範圍中所主張之本 發明的體制內仍然可以進行各種修改與變化。因此，本發 明已經在以上參照一個中央加熱系統而被說明。然而，相 同地，本發明也可以被使用於其它的液體系統以及生產製 程中，特別是，其中只需要以相當小量的的液體進行饋給 ，例如，是要符合洩漏或滲出損失或是要饋給添加劑時。 如果以點滴狀饋給即已足夠，一個饋給暫存器或~個滴給 18 私紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） '^ - (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) - · -線 A7 548385 _B7___ 五、發明說明（ib ) 饋給器可以開放地與該液體系統相連通。若是，對於特定 的期間內需要較點滴狀更爲大量的液體饋給，可以使用一 個在所希望的時候要被帶入與該液體系統開放式相連通的 液體貯備，其中該液體貯備是以滴給饋給器建立並且進行 補充的。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂· •線 _ 19 衣紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐)A7 548385 _________— B7 _____ V. Description of the invention (/) < Overview of Invention > The present invention relates to a method for automatically feeding a closed liquid system from a liquid source according to demand, such a closed liquid system Like a central heating system or another heat exchanger or heat treatment system designed as a closed liquid circuit, in this closed liquid system, a kind of feed register formed by liquid is generated, and the liquid source and feed Only liquid flow in the direction of the feed register is allowed between the feed registers. The invention also relates to a drip feeder which can be used to implement the method of the invention and a heating system using the method and the drip feeder of the invention. Patent No. WO-A-00 / 19149 discloses a method as described above. A de-bubbling chamber is held in a bubble-removing chamber, which is formed from a floating control valve via a liquid source (especially a public water supply system) as needed. In this method, it must be ensured that no matter what conditions (such as due to increased pressure in the system or due to pressure drop or failure of the liquid source), the liquid from the closed liquid system cannot flow during the feeding period. Back to the feed. It must also be able to ensure that in the event of a major disaster (such as a ruptured pipeline in a liquid system), the feed from the liquid source is at least roughly cut off so that the disaster does not worsen. These issues will be discussed in more detail by way of example and with reference to a central heating unit. This closed liquid circulation circuit with changing temperature and pressure usually uses an expansion tank, so that under the condition of temperature change, the expansion and contraction of the liquid volume of the inch-inch liquid can be matched without excessive pressure rise. In addition, in this closed liquid circulation circuit, especially when it involves-! --_ 4 ^ Zhongguanjia Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21G X 297 mm) ---- (Please read the note on the back first Please fill in this page for more information) ------- Order i ϋ «ϋ ϋ — n 1.1 ϋ I _ A7 548385 ___B7______ V. Description of the invention (2) When it comes to the central heating device, it is almost impossible to avoid leakage of liquid from the closed circuit . Remedial measures can be taken when the amount of fluid leaked from the closed system is clearly visible. When the number of leaks is small, the location of the leak is hardly detectable or difficult to find. Furthermore, the amount of liquid leakage may be so small that the liquid is evaporated almost immediately after the leakage, in which case leakage is extremely difficult (if not completely impossible) Trace back to its source. When a long measurement of a 40 仟 watt (kW) heating device was made, it was found that the leakage loss that could not be traced back was about 0.8 cc / 2 4 hours, which corresponds to a season of heating There are about 3 0 0 cc. Perceived or imperceptible leaked water can be collected to a specific extent using an expansion tank, which can be considered a source of compensation, but only a limited source of compensation. If this compensation source is depleted, further leakage will cause the pressure in the closed liquid circulation circuit to drop rapidly. This pressure drop occurs when the pressure falls below a certain pressure, for example, when the When the pressure in a heating device drops to atmospheric pressure, the device will automatically stop operating. This can have catastrophic consequences for a central heating unit, for example, on a frosty night. This can be prevented by a remedy which has been disclosed in Patent No. WO-A-00 / 1919.49. However, this method requires special precautions to prevent liquid from flowing back from the closed liquid system back to the liquid source as discussed previously, and in the case of, for example, a pipeline rupture in the closed liquid system, _ 5 Private paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) Aa (210 x 297 public love) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) ------- Order --------- A7 548385 ______B7_ 5. Description of the invention (3) Of course, it is necessary to prevent liquid from flowing freely from a substantially unrestricted liquid source (such as a public water system). (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method by which a closed liquid system can automatically obtain a feed from a liquid source as needed without The risk of allowing the liquid to flow from the liquid system into the liquid source, and also in the event that a failure occurs in the liquid system, the liquid cannot pass through the liquid source into the liquid system without restriction. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method by which a predetermined amount of liquid can be instantaneously fed to the liquid system. • Line • The object of the present invention is also to provide a drip feeder, the method described previously can be advantageously implemented by such a drip feeder, and therefore, the drip feeder can be changed from a basic An unrestricted liquid source (such as, for example, a public water feed system) automatically replenishes a small amount of escaped liquid from the closed loop as needed, without the risk of rejection or unchecked large leaks. Another object of the present invention is to provide a closed liquid circulation system which can be automatically suppressed under pressure by using such a drip feeder, and further, it can ensure that when a leak occurs, At that time, a specific, limited amount of liquid is briefly discharged to facilitate the location of the leak. After this limited amount of liquid is discharged, the automatic feeding will stop without causing a continuous large amount of water. Churn. According to the present invention, it is used to automatically feed from a liquid source according to the needs of the situation. ___6____ The size of the wood paper is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 548385 B7. 5. Description of the invention (V) Method for closing a liquid system 'a liquid register is provided between the liquid source and the closed feed system' and only drops are allowed from the liquid feed register to the closed liquid system The liquid transfer takes place, thus ensuring that the liquid circuit can be continuously fed from the liquid source, while at the same time limiting the pressure of the liquid to return to the liquid buffer, and the situation where the liquid returns to the liquid source is completely eliminate. Thus 'it also guarantees that although liquid can be allowed to flow from the liquid source continuously and without monitoring during normal operation, in the event of a pressure drop or pressure failure in the liquid circuit, such as' due to a pipeline rupture The liquid can only leak out of the liquid source in droplets until it is discovered and the feed is completely closed in another way (for example, via a valve). The feed register can then communicate with the liquid system openly, so it actually forms part of the liquid system. In this case, the feed register may be subject to fluctuations in pressure. According to another embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that the feed register has a minimum volume. This volume increases when the pressure exceeds the pressure of the liquid source. Therefore, the feed register can be configured to have the possibility of expansion, and it can be arranged that the increase in the volume of the feed register will be limited by an over-discharge pressure protection device because the liquid can only be dripped. It is discharged by the feed register, so an effective outflow protection can be surely obtained, but the amount of liquid that can be added to the system per unit time will be limited. If it is considered necessary to transfer a large amount of liquid to the system in a relatively short period of time, according to yet another embodiment of the present invention, it can be learned that 'if feeding the register and sealing ___ 7 __— —__ Fortunately The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) · -line 548385 A7 B7 ---- V. Description of invention (S) Close A liquid storage tank is created between the liquid systems of the system. The liquid storage tank is fed through an open connection through a drip-like transmission from the feeding register, and the liquid storage tank is passed through a closable channel. It is connected with the liquid system, and at the same time, the opening and closing of the channel is controlled according to the force of the closed liquid system. In order to realize the present invention, a feeding register that is housed in a drip feeder can be advantageously used. The drip feeder has a cylindrical housing, and the cylindrical housing is provided with An input port, an output port, and a generally cylindrical plunger provided inside the housing for free movement, the plunger having at least a first portion and a second portion, the first portion The part is fitted in a cylindrical housing in a sliding fit, and the second part has a smaller diameter than the first part, and the plunger can close the output port in an adjacent position while maintaining An unobstructed tiny leakage channel, and the plunger has a channel 'which can connect the input port with a space in the housing around the second part, and has a function to prevent liquid from flowing back from the space to the input port Check valve. Through these measures, a drip feeder can be obtained, in which, after being connected to a pressurized liquid source (such as a public water system), the plunger is driven by the liquid pressure into an adjacent position, and the tiny leakage channel The design can allow only a limited number of drip-like liquids to pass. Therefore, a small amount of exudative leakage loss can be automatically and continuously replenished. If there is a major accident (such as a pipeline rupture) that causes the pressure at the output of the drip feeder to fail, the drip feeder will continue to deliver droplets of liquid, so that the consequences of the pipeline rupture will not be Because a large amount of continuous liquid supply _ _ 8 ί Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) • Reference --------- Line-Paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications ( 21〇X 297 mm) A7 548385 ___B7____ 5. The description of the invention (A) is deteriorated. If the opposite occurs, that is, the pressure at the output port is higher than the pressure at the input port, for example, in the case of a temporary pressure drop or pressure failure in the supplemental liquid source, even between the output port and the input port When the pressure difference increases so much that the plunger is squeezed in the direction of the input port and the tiny leakage channel becomes a wider open connection, the check valve will still prevent liquid from passing through the valve and pass through the input by itself Mouth flows into the source of supplemental liquid. The realization of the tiny leakage channel and the proper sizing, as well as the maintenance work in the case of the sizing, are particularly related to the way the second part of the plunger cooperates with the output port. In order to optimize the fit, the second part of the plunger can be configured to extend by a pin-shaped projection placed in the center according to another embodiment of the present invention. The outlet part is connected in a sliding manner to form a drilled hole in a part of the output port, and has a peripheral groove near the part connected to the second part. At least one of the protruding parts of the pin is in the longitudinal direction. The longitudinal groove extending in the direction is connected to the surrounding groove. These measures allow precise guidance of the plunger in the housing and reduce the size of the outlet to the desired size. This tiny leakage channel can be realized in various ways. One example is extremely small grooves in one or both of the mating faces of the second part of the plunger and in the end wall of the housing. However, according to yet another embodiment of the present invention, it is particularly preferred that the pin-shaped projection is connected to the second part of the plunger with a foot and terminates at a free end, and a sealing ring It is set around the foot and is next to the second part __9_______ The size of the paper is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the legal meaning on the back first) Qi copybook to buy] ------- 1T --------- line one 548385 B7 V. Description of invention (Ί) (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Freedom in the connection position The end is in contact with the cam surface of an adjustment element that can be moved relative to the pin-shaped protrusion, and when moved, the adjustment element can transfer the plunger in the longitudinal direction via the pin-shaped protrusion. Through these measures it is possible to obtain the degree of leakage of a structure 'by this structure' and therefore the width of the minute leakage channel can be adjusted very precisely. Generally speaking, 'the seal ring is squeezed by the plunger Into the sealing position of the end wall of the ejector housing However, the plunger can be pressed back by the adjusting element, and as a result, the originally flat sealing ring system gradually starts to change back to the more circular original shape. At a specific moment, this will As a result, the sealing ring 圏 no longer completely seals the small leakage channel, but releases the leakage channel. Therefore, the width of the desired leakage channel and the formation of the small leakage channel can be taken together by the adjusting element. Precise control. As previously explained, during the use of the drip feeder, the plunger is forced into the abutment position via the liquid pressure of the supplemental liquid source. To ensure that the plunger is always held in its abutment position And in the event of a transient low pressure or pressure failure in the supplemental liquid source, a supplemental force towards the abutment must be applied to the plunger. According to another embodiment of the invention, this can This can be easily achieved. In this embodiment, 'the plunger is pressed into the abutment position by a spring, which is supported on the plunger on the one hand, and on the other, which The spring is supported on a stopper that is statically connected to the housing. In such a connection, it is more preferred that the stopper can be adjusted relative to the housing. According to another implementation of the invention For example, a very effective non-return valve ϋ timely Chinese standard H (CNS) A4 χ 297ω) ---- A7 548385 V. Description of the invention (S) can be achieved in a relatively simple way, if the check The check valve is formed by an annular groove on the outer surface of the second part of the plunger (the annular groove has a side and a bottom), and at least one channel communicating with the input port is opened in the ring The groove is sealed by an O-ring adjacent to the side of the annular groove at a distance from the bottom. In addition, by further designing the sides of the groove to be adjustable relative to each other, the opening pressure of the check valve can be optimally adjusted, so that, for example, the pressure of the check valve at an input port is only It has been opened slightly higher than the pressure in the space surrounding the second part of the plunger. At the same time, if the pressure in the space exceeds the pressure in the input port, it can still ensure that the check valve is optimally blocked. Moreover, the check valve can be adjusted to a higher opening pressure, for example, when the maximum feed pressure of the liquid to be added to the liquid circulation system is lower than the pressure of the input port. In the foregoing, it has been noted that, owing to government regulations, what is needed or may be necessary is that no liquid can be pressed into the supplementary liquid source from the liquid circulation system, in order to achieve this, The presence of a check valve is a very effective method. If in the liquid circulation system due to unexpected reasons (for example, the excessive pressure protection valve fails), if a high pressure is formed in the liquid circulation system, the plunger is squeezed and moved in the direction of the input port. A certain distance results in that, for example, the pin-shaped protrusion may come off its guiding mechanism, and then the release of the system can be advantageously realized by the drip feeder according to the present invention. According to another embodiment of the present invention, the housing has an output port. If the second part of the plunger is in an abutting position, the first part of the plunger is tightly ____ 11 wood paper standard applicable to China Standard (CNS) A4 Specifications " (210 X 297 mm) —----—- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) ------- Order · ------ -A7 548385 V. Description of the invention (?) The output port is closed after the enclosure is closed, and after a predetermined movement of the plunger in the direction of the input port, the output port is released. The present invention also relates to a heating device having a closed liquid circulation circuit in which at least one steam boiler and an expansion tank are housed, and the closed liquid circulation circuit is passed through a drip according to the present invention. The feeder is connected to a source of pressurized liquid. It is therefore possible to obtain a heating system which, apart from great calamities, does not stop due to a drop in system pressure due to lack of water and thus automatically stops operation. In order to detect leakage in the liquid circulation circuit, it is very helpful if the amount of liquid flowing out of the leakage is such that the location of the leakage can be clearly seen. According to another embodiment of the present invention, if the input port of the drip feeder is in open communication with a supplementary line of the closed liquid circulation circuit and an input port of a supplementary water storage container, this observation can be assisted And the supplementary line is connected to the input port of a supplementary element, the input port of the supplementary element is in open communication with the liquid circulation circuit, and the input port has ~ normally closed valves, but in the liquid circulation The valve will open in the absence of water in the circuit. Through these measures, a specific amount of liquid can be kept in the storage container under specific care. When the valve of the replenishment element is opened, these specific quantities of liquid can be sent into the liquid circulation circuit at any time. . By this pulse of liquid, leakage can be seen. At the same time, this is only a temporary liquid pulse. If the storage container has been emptied, the pulsed feeding will stop, and further replenishment can only be performed via the drip feeder. Therefore, you can ____12____ the size of the paper is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) " --- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 1 ^^ ----- --- Order --------- line · 548385 A7 B7 V. Description of the Invention (/.) To see where the leak is, however, further, to make the leak visible through this The method can prevent excessive continuous leakage of the liquid circulation system. < Simplified description of the drawings > Now referring to the embodiment shown in the drawings, a unique non-limiting example will now be used to explain the drip feeder and system according to the present invention. In these drawings: ~ ¥ Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a drip feeder; Figure 2 is an enlarged scale illustration of a detail of Figure 1; and Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a heating system. < Description of component symbols > 1 Cylindrical housing 2 Input port 3 Output port 4 Plunger 4 a First part 4 b Second part 4 c Pin-shaped protrusion 5 Cavity 6 Spring 7 Stopper 8 Sealing ring 9 Space 10 Recessed wood paper size Applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 13 (Please read 11 items on the back before filling this page) -------- ---- Order --------- · 548385 A7 __B7 V. Description of the invention (11) 11 Channel 12 0-ring 圏 13 Surrounding groove 14 Longitudinal groove 15 Sealing ring 圏 16 Adjusting element 16a Cam surface 17 Inner annular groove 18 Drain flow channel 19 Sealing ring 2 0 Closed liquid circulation circuit 2 1 Radiator 2 2 Steam boiler 2 3 Air collector 2 4 Diaphragm-free expansion slot 2 5 Element 2 6 Compensation valve 2 7 Degassing Valve 2 8 Compensation liquid line 2 9 Drop feeder 3 0 Line 3 1 Storage container (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Daddy: ίThread < Detailed description of the invention > shown in Figure 1 The drip feeder contains a cylindrical housing 1 whose _14___ wood paper scale is suitable for the country of China Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) — A7 548385 __B7 ____ 5. Description of the invention (1 job) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) With one input port 2 and one output port 3 . A plunger 4 is slidably disposed inside the cylindrical housing 1 'The plunger 4 includes a first portion 4 a, a second portion 4 b, and a pin-shaped protrusion Part 4 c. The inside of the first part 4a is provided with a cavity 5 'for receiving and supporting an end of a spring 6 by inserting a filter plate 20, which is supported in an annular shape. The stopper 7 is movably disposed in the cylindrical housing 1. The outer peripheral surface of the first portion 4 a moves along the inner wall of the cylindrical casing 1 in a sliding fit, and at the same time, the sealing ring 8 divides the space in the cylindrical casing 1 into the sealing portion. The left part and the right part of the first part 4a. —Line The second portion 4 b of the plunger 4 has a smaller diameter than the first portion 4 a so that a space 9 is formed around the second portion 4 b inside the cylindrical housing 1. The second part 4b has a groove 10 in the outer peripheral surface, and the passage 11 extending from the cavity 5 in the first part 4a is open to enter the bottom of the groove 10. On the outer peripheral surface of the second part 4b, the groove 10 is closed by an O-ring 12. Because when the pressure in the chamber 5 is higher than the pressure in the space 9, the '0-ring 圏 12 will move outward and release the connection between the chamber 5 and the space 9, and when the pressure in the space 9 is relatively When the pressure in the chamber 5 is high, the o-ring 12 is squeezed more tightly and more tightly into the groove 10, thus forming a check valve. The opening pressure of the check valve can be adjusted, because one of the walls of the groove 10 is formed by one end edge of a nut element, which is based on 15 paper sizes of a screw lock and is suitable for China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) A7 548385 5. The invention description (β) method is installed on the rest of the second part 4 b, in order to be able to move freely, the second part 4 b is sealed against the nut element by a sealing ring 圏 19. The second portion 4b is provided with a pin-shaped protrusion 4c, which is extended into the drilled hole forming the partial output port 3 in a sliding fit manner. As shown in FIG. 2, the pin-shaped protrusion 4 c has a peripheral groove 13, and a longitudinal groove 14 is opened in the peripheral groove 13. A seal ring 5 15 is provided around the pin-shaped projection 4 c and contacts the second portion 4 b on the one hand and the wall portion of the housing on the other hand. The pin-shaped projection 4c has a free end which is configured as a conical surface with a vertex having a relatively large obtuse angle. The conical surface contacts the cam surface 16 a of an adjustment element 16 that extends laterally to the pin-shaped projection 4 c and is adjustably arranged in a cylindrical shape in the longitudinal direction. The housing 1 is sealed from the surroundings by a sealing element 21. The cylindrical casing 1 is further provided with an inner annular groove 17 which is in communication with a discharge flow channel 18 leading to the surrounding environment. The operation of the drip feeder is as follows: The input 2 is connected to a source of pressurized liquid (for example a public water feed system) by a mechanism not shown. Through this press fit, the plunger system is pushed into the right side into the position shown in Fig. 1 by the force exerted by the spring 6. If the pressure of the liquid in the chamber 5 is higher than the pressure of the liquid in the space 9, the result will be that the O-ring 12 moves outward and the liquid will flow from the chamber 5 to the space 9. In order to feed a liquid circulation system connected to the output port 3 in an unshown manner, the liquid will have to be able to _ 16___ wood paper size applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 public love) " ^ -(Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) —Order --------- line · 548385 A7 _B7_ 5. Description of the invention (A) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) It is sufficient to flow from the space 9 to the outlet 3 and must therefore pass through the sealing ring 圏 15. This has been made possible by pushing the plunger 4 back through the adjusting element 16 to form a tiny leakage channel at the position of the seal ring 圏 15, so that the seal ring 515 is relaxed (that is, from it The flatter seal structure springs back to the more rounded structure), so that minute leakage channels are formed along the seal ring. The liquid leakage there passes into the surrounding grooves 13 on its own and flows to the outlet 3 through the longitudinal grooves 14. By appropriately adjusting the adjustment element 16, the liquid can be discharged in a droplet shape. By releasing the liquid into the liquid circulation system, the pressure in the space 9 will drop, after which the replenishment operation from the chamber 5 will be performed again via the check valve. -Line If the pressure of the liquid in the outlet 3 exceeds the pressure of the liquid in the space 9 due to the special environment, the check valve prevents the liquid from entering the chamber 5 from the space 9. If the pressure difference between the output port 3 and the input port 2 increases a lot, and the plunger 4 is forced to the left, that is, in the direction of the input port 2, then the specific movement of the plunger 4 After that, the space 9 will enter a state communicating with the inner annular groove 17 and the pressure will be discharged outward through the output port 18. FIG. 3 illustrates a heating system including a closed liquid circulation circuit 20 with a radiator 21 and a steam boiler 22. A diaphragm-less expansion tank 24 connected to the closed liquid circulation circuit 20 via an air collector 23 is equipped with a component 25 having a compensation valve 26 and a deaeration valve 2 7. Valves 26 and 27 are generally closed and can be opened by a buoy in the expansion tank 24, and the liquid leaks from the closed liquid circulation circuit 20 to cause the liquid in the expansion tank 24_____ Wood paper scale Applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 548385 B7 V. Description of the invention (3) Decreased surface height, so that the buoys that descend together will open the deaeration valve 2 7 after reaching a first height. After descending to the second height, the compensation valve 26 is opened. A compensation feed line 28 is connected to the compensation valve 26. The compensation feed line communicates with the drip feeder 2 9 on the one hand, and communicates with a storage container 31 on the other. The feeder is connected to a public water feed system. Through the seepage leakage loss, the pontoon in the expansion tank 24 will drop at a specific time so that the compensation valve 26 is opened, and the water system is supplied from the storage container 31 to the compensation valve 26, after which the compensation The valve 26 is closed again and the water drawn back from the storage container 31 is replenished by the drip feeder 29 again. The advantage of using a storage container 31 in combination with a drip feeder 29 is that although the liquid is fed in drops, a particular stock of compensation liquid under local pressure is always available immediately. In the event of a malfunction, for example, in the event of an unexpected water shortage, this amount of liquid is immediately available. This limited discharge from the storage container 31 prevents further damage from occurring, and the pulse of the liquid immediately shows where repair work must be performed. Obviously, various modifications and changes can still be made within the system of the present invention as claimed in the scope of the attached patent application. Therefore, the present invention has been described above with reference to a central heating system. However, similarly, the present invention can also be used in other liquid systems and production processes, in particular, where only a relatively small amount of liquid needs to be fed, for example, to meet leakage or exudation losses or to require When feeding additives. It is enough to feed in drops. One feed register or ~ 18 drops of paper. Applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm). '^-(Please read the back Please fill in this page again for the matters needing attention)---Line A7 548385 _B7___ V. Description of the Invention (ib) The feeder can openly communicate with the liquid system. If so, for a specific period of time that requires a larger amount of liquid feed than drips, a liquid reserve can be used that is brought into open communication with the liquid system when desired, where the liquid reserve is in drops The feeders are built and supplemented. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Order · • Thread _ 19 Applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)