TW453113B - Improved imaging system and method for interactive control of image quality - Google Patents

Improved imaging system and method for interactive control of image quality Download PDF

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Publication number
TW453113B
TW453113B TW087103663A TW87103663A TW453113B TW 453113 B TW453113 B TW 453113B TW 087103663 A TW087103663 A TW 087103663A TW 87103663 A TW87103663 A TW 87103663A TW 453113 B TW453113 B TW 453113B
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imaging system
image
operating parameters
many images
receiving
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TW087103663A
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Harald Brusewitz
Bo Burman
Goeran Roth
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Ericsson Telefon Ab L M
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/637Control signals issued by the client directed to the server or network components
    • H04N21/6373Control signals issued by the client directed to the server or network components for rate control, e.g. request to the server to modify its transmission rate
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/103Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/124Quantisation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/134Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/154Measured or subjectively estimated visual quality after decoding, e.g. measurement of distortion
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/134Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/162User input
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/134Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/164Feedback from the receiver or from the transmission channel
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/169Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/17Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
    • H04N19/172Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a picture, frame or field
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
    • H04N19/587Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal sub-sampling or interpolation, e.g. decimation or subsequent interpolation of pictures in a video sequence
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
    • H04N19/59Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving spatial sub-sampling or interpolation, e.g. alteration of picture size or resolution
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/60Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding
    • H04N19/61Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding in combination with predictive coding
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/637Control signals issued by the client directed to the server or network components
    • H04N21/6377Control signals issued by the client directed to the server or network components directed to server
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/65Transmission of management data between client and server
    • H04N21/658Transmission by the client directed to the server
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/65Transmission of management data between client and server
    • H04N21/658Transmission by the client directed to the server
    • H04N21/6587Control parameters, e.g. trick play commands, viewpoint selection
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/66Remote control of cameras or camera parts, e.g. by remote control devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00Television systems
    • H04N7/14Systems for two-way working
    • H04N7/141Systems for two-way working between two video terminals, e.g. videophone
    • H04N7/147Communication arrangements, e.g. identifying the communication as a video-communication, intermediate storage of the signals
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00Television systems
    • H04N7/18Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast

Description

453113 經濟部中央標準局員工消f合作社印製 A7 ---------- —_B7五、發明説明(1 ) -- 發明之背景 i明之領域 本發明係概括關於-種電子成像系統^法,尤指—種 =之成像系統及方法,供依觀賞者之規格定製影像,更 指-種成像系統及方法,允許觀賞者經由—反向頻道調 整空間及時間解析度及影像之量化參數。 發明之背景及目的 在過去幾十< ’隨消費者電子設備產業之興起,市上出 現日益複雜之各種電子成像系統,例如錄擎機,攝錄機及 類似產品。另外,在杜會變得日益及互動i互相連接時, 視頻電傳會議通訊變成日益重要。 如此項技藝上所瞭解,視頻,亦即活動影像,經歷編 碼,以減少表示既定影像所需要資訊之量。編碼對空間解 析度,亦即特定影像畫格内之細節,及時間解析度,亦即 每秒此等影像畫格之數,均有影響。此等參數在習知之視 頻系統’諸如在圖1中所示者,-般爲固定,並在本案概 括示爲圖號。圖中之視頻系統10包括一發送裝置12, 其接收來自—攝影機14之信號。請予瞭解,與本發明無 關之攝;機1 4之各部份’例如光圈,快門及類似部份, 未予例不°因之,如此,技藝上所瞭解’在攝影機14前 之光學影像’諸如圖示十個體影像被一攝影機透鏡16所 接收’並例如藉—習知之電荷耦合裝置轉換爲類比視頻信 號。請予瞭解,攝影機14可爲一種數位攝影機,將數位 數據轉發至―在發送裝置12内之子取樣器裝置18。然 -4- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項存填寫本頁 * 丨裝·
11T 線 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標举 (CNS ) Λ4規格(210X297公茇) — 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 453 1 1 3 A 7 B7 五、發明説明(2 ) 而,如果攝影機14不是數位式,而需要類比-數位轉換, 則如在此項技藝上所瞭解,裝置1 8也可功能如A/D轉換 器。子取樣器1 8確定表示以特定空間解析度,亦即每行 之像素數及每影像之行數,以及時間解析度,亦即每秒影 像數,所截獲視頻影像之像素値。如在下文所將更詳細討 論,與空間及時間解析度均有關之另一參數爲量化,亦即 存在於視頻信號之失眞量之測量。 一编碼器2 0將上述數位影像數據編碼爲流入一緩衝器 2 2之視頻信號流。如此項技藝上所瞭解卩;及在本案所另 外討論,資訊自編碼器2 0流入缓衝器2 2之速率根據編碼 之程度而變化。另外,視頻信號流一般爲包括壓縮信號, 其中影像資訊已藉編碼器2 0予以濃縮或壓縮,以方便傳 輸或儲存。使用此壓縮技術之一组格式.爲由活動圖像壓 縮標準(Moving Picture Experts Group,簡稱 MPEG )所規定 者,此爲一種與國際標準化組織(International Organization for Standardization j簡稱ISO /國際電技術委員會 (International Electro-technical Commission,簡稱 IEC )— 致之標準。其他壓縮技術有國際‘電信聯盟,電傳會議组 (International Telecommunications Union, Teleconferencing Section,簡稱ITU-T),·例如使用於視訊電傳會議之 H.261,H.262 及 H.263 標产。 配合編碼器2 0藉以提供語法供隨後位元流之此等影像 數據格式化標準及技術’編碼器2〇可採用壓縮算法,諸 如離散餘弦變換(Discrete Cosine Transforms ’ 簡稱 -5- -- ___ -------' 丨丨— — — 本紙張尺度適用中g國家標準(CNS ) Λ4現格(210X297公疫) -------„----—裝------IX-----^ (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印策 453 1 1 3 A7 五 '發明説明(3 ) —--- DCT) ’办恤时编碼及其他機制,從而急劇減少表示影像 所需要之數據量’同時實際保持影像完整性。如精於此項 技藝者所熟知,此等及其他技術消除或減少傳輸畫格-畫 格冗餘及不必要或重複之其他資訊,並利用人類知覺之各 種生理及心理方面,以對觀賞者之眼晴呈現一相干之影 豫。 另請參照圖1,子取樣器18 ’編碼器2〇及緩衝器22藉 —控制單元24%以控制,其可控制成像系統1〇之其他功 能。例如,控制單元24控制上述操作之$序,亦即通過 —與其連接之攝影機14 (未示)之影像拾取、在子取樣器 1 8之像素轉換’在編碼器2 〇之壓縮’將編碼影像記錄在 磁性或電子.¾錄媒質(未示)’及其他操作。控制單元24 對編碼器20供給許多操作參數,以調控上述像素數據之 變換爲對應之壓縮位元流。如所討論,控制單元2 4可調 控資訊流入緩衝器22之可變位元速率,以保持特定之數 據水準,並避免其中之溢流及下溢。 如此項技藝上所瞭解,緩衝器22之主要目的爲調節數 據自編碼器20之流動,並將該數據以固定速率越過傳輸 頻道26轉發至接收機裝置28,尤其是至其中之另一缓衝 器30,其和緩衝器22 —.樣,作用如一儲存數據,並調節 其使用之儲器。當然,,請予瞭解,頻道26能以可變速 率’例如非同步傳送模式(Asynchronous Transfer Mode, 簡稱ATM)網路之可變速率服務傳送數據。不過,數據自 編碼器20之可變流動速率通常不符合頻道26者,不論固 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準() Λ4現格(21〇><297公犮) . -----i------IT-----^ ______^请先Μ讀背面之注意事項再填艿本頁) ' 4 531 1 3 A 7 —^— ________ Β7 五、發明説明(4 ) 足或可變。 缓衝器30將接收之影像數據,依需要以固定或可變速 率轉發至一解碼器3 2。相似於編碼過程,解碼器3 2使上 述壓縮算法逆反,以根據上述操作參數使影像擴展。換言 疋,解碼器32將位元流中之壓縮資訊解壓縮,並根據所 使用之相關影像格式,例如,ITU R/6(n m奶Μ加出〇 Standard,及操/作參數重新構成影像。然後將重新構成之 衫像置於一影像儲存裝置34,其内容可予以連續顯示在 —其電路在此項技藝爲吾人所瞭解之視頻—示器3 6。 如所討論,上述壓縮技術採用各種技術沒縮影像資訊。 解碼器32予以構形爲解釋編碼器2〇所藉以將影像資訊编 碼之格式及操作參數。如此項技藝上所瞭解,在解碼器 32内進行之大部份解碼過程可稱作规範,亦即由所使用 工特定標準,例如mpeg所固定。因之,解碼器32容易辨 識來自编碼器2 〇之信號之此等規範部份’亦即如何解釋 位元流中所傳輸之位元。 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 在採用以上技術之習知裝置,上述操作參數係在視頻系 統1 0内固定。通常爲,編碼器2 〇利用固定空間及時間解 析度値,其很適合緩衝器22之需要,保證越過傳輸頻道 26之固定速率位几流β 不過,致力保持頻道以所需要傳 輸速率之緩衝器22調整,關影像之量化或失眞。量化於 是變成緩衝器22之完全度之函數,其復爲所討論視頻影 像之複雜性之函數,亦即影像在壓縮時如何耗費位元。如 此項技藝上所瞭解,有些編碼器2〇僅具有固定之空間解 本紙罹尺度遒用中國國家標準(CNS ) Λ4規格(210X297公# 453彳彳3 A: B1 經濟部中央標準局貞工消费合作社印製 五、發明説明(5 ) 析度,並且緩衝器22調整 定之位元速率。量化與時η 口 ”杆度,以保持固 器調節算法所調Γ 解析度間之均衡係由—種緩衝 然而,以上構形之一項Μ湖 , .題’爲上述操作參數在某些情 況可此不適合,並且緩衝II _ &冑2 + u 4 叉风益调郎算法或其他解析度 案可能,要調整’以適合心中可能有不同空間/時間解析 度及失興均衡,觀賞者之需要。例如,有些視頻應用可能 需要較高時間解析度,而以粗略量化爲代價,例如偏愛言 時間解析度之耳聲者間之視頻通訊(手語);了另外,監視: 用正常需要較高空間解析度及細微量化,而犧牲時間解析 度。 而且,隨消費者使用之日益增加及電子成像系統之熟 練,先進之視頻信號印刷器需要增加對操作參數之控制, 並可對空間與時間解析度間之均衡及量化作成細微調整, 以供眾多之其他應用’微調此等參數以供客觀或主觀效
應D 然而,以此等操作參數固定,視頻信號印刷器或具有此 等不可改變特徵之視頻装置之任何其他使用者,無法對裝 置作成任何調整,並且編碼器20操作,而無來自觀賞者 之任何反備。 , 因之,本發明之第一气的,爲對觀賞者提供一種裝置, 以調整上述空間及時間解析度及量化變數,以使其適合個 別需要。 本發明之更特定目的,爲提供一種自觀賞者反饋至編碼 8- 木紙法尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Λ4規格〖2丨〇χ 297公沒) ~1-------„--*--I 扣衣__ (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填舄本寶) -----線----- 4 53 1 13 經濟部中央榡準局負工消費合作社印製 A7 五、發明説明(e ) 器之裝置’使觀賞者對上述操作參數能有增加之變通性。 發明之概述 本發明針對成像系統及方法上之一種改進,以對成像系 統t操作參數提供增加之觀賞者控制。在成像系統内包捂 一反向頻道,使觀賞者能調整操作參數,例如視頻傳輸之 空間及時間解析度,以及量化,而藉以方便觀赏者控制。 自以下所簡要概述之附圖,本發明之現爲較佳實施例之 下列詳細說明Γ以及後附申請專利範圍,可更完全理解本 發明及其範圍。 附圖之簡要説明 _ 圖1爲方塊圖,例示一種習知電子成像系統;以及 圖2爲方塊圖,例示一種根據本發明之電子成像系統。 現爲較佳例證性實施例之詳細説明 本發明現將在下文參照在其中示本發明之較佳實施例之 附圖,予以更完全説明。然而,本發明能以很多不同形式 予以具體實施,並JL不應解釋爲限制於在本案所闡釋之實 施例;而是,此等實施例係予提供爲使此揭示將爲徹底而 完全’並將對精於此項技藝者完全傳達本發明之範圍。 現請參照圖2,例示一概括以圖號4 〇所表示,包括有本 發明之主要内容之電子成像系統。圖2中所例示之成像系 統4 0,如圖1中所闡釋'習知成像系統1 〇 _樣,包括一發 送裝置42,其自一截獲並記錄光學影像,諸如所示個體 之攝影機44接收信號。如所討論,與本發明無關之攝影 機44之各部份未予例示。如所説明,在攝影機44前之光 -9- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210X297公疫)
. ^----ά-------—IT-----0 『靖先閱铕背面之注意事項再填*?本頁) I 453 1 1 3 A7 B7 經濟部中央標隼局員工消費合作社印" 五、發明説明(' 子影像由一攝影機透鏡46予以接收,並轉換爲—信號。 上述信號然後被轉發至_子取樣器裝置48,其確定表示 以特定空間解析度’亦即每行之像素數及每影像之行數: 以及時間解析度,亦即每秒影像數,所截獲視頻影像之像 素値。如配合圖i之成像系統10所討論,—編碼器50以在 習知系統爲固定之特定空間及時間解析度,將上述數位數 據編碼爲視頻信號流。 和習知成像I、統10之發送裝置12一樣’發送裝置42包 括一自编碼器5 0接收編碼,壓縮,視頻$號流之緩衝= 52 ’及一控制轉換器48,編碼器5〇及緩衝.'器^之操作之 控制單元5 4。如所討論,控制單元5 4對編碼器5 〇供给上 述操作參數,以調控數據變換。而在圖}*所例示之^知 系統若干參數,例如上述空間及時間解析度爲固定,但如 在下文將予更完全討論,本發明之視頻系統4 〇之使用者 能可變式控制此等參數。 和習知系統一樣,緩衝器5 2管理數據自編碼器5 〇之可 變流動,並輸出一固定速率視頻數據位元流,越過一傳輸 頻道56至一接收機裝置58,尤其是一在其中之緩衝器 60,其和圖1中之緩衝器30 一樣,接收數據之固定流動, 並將其轉發至一解碼器@2。請予瞭解,和頻道26—樣, 頻道56可允許可變數據流動速率。 / 相似於編碼過程,解碼器62使上述壓縮算法逆反,以 根據上述操作參數使影像擴展。解碼器Μ將位元流中之 壓縮及格式化資訊解壓縮,並根據相關之格式及操作參 -10- 本紙乐尺度適用中國國家標率(〇阳)厶4规格(210乂297公楚) ----^----—裳------訂-----線 (請先閱讀背面之::i意事項再填寫本頁) 453 1 1 3 A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消f合作社印製 五、發明説明(8 ) 重新構成影像。然後將重新構成之影像置於—影像儲存裝 置64,其内容可予以連續顯示在一其在圖2中顯示上述個 體之视頻顯示器66。 如所討論’解碼器62予以構形爲將來自編碼器5〇之规 範資訊’亦即格式,標準及操作參數解碼。數據位元流β 因此’請予瞭解,解碼器62 ’以及解瑪器32 ,辨識來自 編碼器5 0之化號之此等規範部份’例如所使用之特定視 頻格式’例如上述ITU-R/6〇l標準,及各種墼縮標準,例 如 ISO/IEC MPEG-1,MPEG-2,及,MPEGr4,以及 ITU-T Η·261,H,262及H,263。雖然解碼器62較_爲習知設計, 並因此能瞭解相關規範通訊信號,但請予瞭解,如在下文 所説明’解碼器62也可予構形爲接受非規範命令,亦即 在所使用之特定標準以外之命令或資訊。 由於在上述標準内並未指定編碼器5〇 (及編碼過程)(要 緊者爲正確之解碼),關於技術之實施非規範方面,視頻 系統設計者有很大自由。如在下文將予更完全討論,只要 解碼器62可瞭解相關標準並予以構形爲將所希望之特定 非規範功能解碼,便可實施很多另外任選功能,諸如在修 改圖像品質上。 請再次參照圖2,接咚裝置58可包括一人類介面裝置 6 8,很多上述操作參數严通過其予以調整,例如修改影 像清晰度(空間解析度及量化)’頻率(時間解析度或畫格 速率)及其他特徵。可包括一按鈕,滑板,键盤或其他習 知介面裝置之人類介面裝置68,將所指示改變轉發至一 -11 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標隼(CNS )八4規輅(210X 297公总) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 丨裝
,1T 線 453 1 1 3 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 kl ___ B7五、發明説明(9 ) 變換器70,其將改變轉換爲一信號。上述信號然後經由 一反向頻道72發回至發送裝置42之控制單元54。 藉具有反向頻道72發信能力之視頻系統4〇構形,觀賞 者可通過介面6 8互動式修改諸如界定影像品質之各種操 作參數。例如,在本發明之視頻系統4 〇可實施下列操作 參數,以調節影像品質: (a) 高/低空間解析度(影像細節), (b) 高/低時知解析度(畫格速率), (c) 高/低量化(影像失眞), _ (d) (a)與(b)間之均衡》 (e) ( a)與(c )間之均衡,以及 ⑺ (b)與(c)間之均衡。 請予瞭解’習知視頻系統10採用固定之(a),(㈨及^) 操作參數’但本發明之視頻系統4 〇允許更改此等操作參 數間之均衡。在習知之視頻系統1 0,如果(a)或(b)改 變,則必須調整失眞之量(c 以達成必要之位元速率。 因I,選擇(a)同等於選擇(e ),空間解析度與量化間之均 衡。同樣,選擇(b)同等於選擇(f),時間解析度與量化間 之均衡。也請予瞭解,選擇(c)也同等於選擇(f),由於編 碼器一般不更改其空間鮮析度,但可容易調整時間解析 度。 〜 如所时論,觀赏者可能需要不同於用前在使用之影像解 析度均衡,亦即上述預定均衡,或先前選定之均衡,並需 要調整操作參數設定,以達成所希望之均衡。通過與人類 (請先閲讀背面之注t事項再填艿本頁 ——裝- Τ ·-=占 線 -12- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標牟(CNS ) Λ4規格( 210X297*^ ) 4 531 13 A7 ______ B7 五、發明説明(ι〇 ) 一 介面68之互動,例如藉壓下或轉動—顯示器裝置74上之 按紐74 (構成介面68或經由一連接75與其連接)或也如圖 2中所示之遙控裝置78上之相同按鈕76,變換器7〇可將 一特定代碼字或指示與其對應之特定命令之其他標記轉發 回至編碼器50 ’其因之調整其操作。例如,觀賞者可轉 發命令” A+" ’以增加空間解析度,轉發”B_"以減少時間解 析度,轉發"F+"以減少失眞等3當然,請予瞭解以上命令 僅爲例證性,i且視頻系統4 0可利用其他符號,以實施 觀賞者之所希望之改變。無論如何_,在調聲後之位元流應 該反映所指示之改變》 Μ濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 另外,可將時間解析度與編碼失眞間之新均衡之要求自 變換器7 0經由反向頻道7 2發出作爲"q<k>",此處_,q"表示 所要求命令之類型,及"<k>"指示該命令之特定値。請予 瞭解’ "k"較佳爲在容許値之預先界定之個別範圍以内。 由於在上述壓縮標準,例如MPEG-1,MPEG-2,ITU-T H:261及其他等’容許解析度之數頗大,故解析度之範圍 在特定之實施較佳爲予以指定’並由所使用之特定攝影機 (I4或44)及子取樣器(18或48)之能力予以調控。要不 然’其可用以限制此等解析度之數至一小組,對每—組指 定一獨特代碼。時間解柝度可同樣予以標示在一個別之値 範圍以内,即使可能有产小畫格周期倍數之限制,例如 30分之一秒.。一般爲在設備製造廠商之範圍以内之量 化’可同樣予以選擇爲在一例如由特定製造廠商所供給之 範園以内,。另外請予瞭解,以此方式,編碼器5 〇在接 -13-
-_I (請先閲讀背而之注意事Js再4ftf本頁〕 本紙張尺度適用中_家標準() μ規格(2丨0X 297公耠) 4 53113 A7 --------B7 五、發明説明(11 ) ~ 〜 支既定之代碼字,諸如時,因之可設定許多内部 數。同樣’也可設定缓衝器52之各項内部參數。 而且,通過反向頻道72所發射之特定觀赏者要求,铲 以若干不同方式予以界定爲有效,.包括: 把 (A) 永遠,直到給定新要求; (B) 供有限之時段,亦即χ秒,此處X爲預先界定; (C:!供有限巧之η影像,此處η爲預先界定; (D)只要所發射之代碼字"χ "指示;以及 (Ε)如所傳輸之代碼字"η "所指禾一樣多;之影像。 例如’使用者可壓下按鈕74 (或遙控78上之按鈕76), 導致變換器70產生一特定之代碼字,例如,,s"代表靜止, 其將予界定爲有效供一單—影像(n = H共以上之選項c), 而藉以要求很高空間解析度影像,其可構成一高解析度靜 止影像。越過反向頻道72所傳輸之整個命令於是將爲 "sCl"。而且,"g3A"可指示自現在起之量化水準3 ,及 HtlB5"同樣將爲供5秒之時間解析度水準i。 請予瞭解,由於以上説明,觀賞者可利用種種非規範命 令定製視頻影像供各種用途。 本發明之視頻系統40構形之靜止圖像管理方面之另外細 節’請見與本案同時提由,並經予參考併入本案,名稱爲 "Method and Apparatus for Still Picture Transmission and Display”之申請人之待決專利申請案。 請予瞭解’本發明之上述原理也可應用於其他方面,諸 如視訊會議,從而觀賞者可修改接收信號以適合其需要。 -14- 本纸伕尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Λ4規格(210x297公釐) -lii I _-
I m [- J— i L._1--- -I— t - -I . i請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填巧本頁J 訂—----Μ 經濟部中央標準局負工消费合作社印51 4 531 13 4 531 13 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印^ A7 -------B7_______ 五、發明説明(12 ) 例如,如果個體或物體之識別重要,則必要增加空間解析 度及較細微量化(較少失眞),而犧牲時間解析度。如果影 像連續性重要’則可犧牲空間解析度及失眞,以達成時間 穩定性。其他變化’諸如攝取遠處參與者之靜止影像或微 剩所接收之影像供另外應用,應該視爲在本案説明之範圍 以内。 &予瞭解,諸如在習知视頻系統,發送裝置4 2可常駐 於攝影機44内' 並且接收裝置58可常駐於顯示器裝置66 内。不過,請予瞭解,發送42及接收58草置均可代之爲 合併於多功能端子内,例如作爲一在普通.電腦内之軟體 (有必要之硬體组件,諸如介面69)所實施之能視頻移動 式發射機/接收機,實施爲單獨之設備盒,有輸入及輸出 連接器’或包括(至少在接收端)作爲一加値服務網路,亦 即網路共用資源之一部份。 另外請予瞭解’圖2中所示之控制單元54也可通過一與 其之連接(未示)’控制攝影機44之操作。以此方式,攝 影機變焦,拍攝全景,傾斜,可變光圈及其他攝影機功 能’可因爲反向頻道72而予以使用者控制。 先則説明爲供實施本發明之較佳實施例,並且本發明之 範圍不一定應受此説明所限制。本發明之範圍係代之爲由 下列申請專利範圍所界定。 ^ ___ -15- ( CNS ) 2Ι0Χ 297λ>^7 ---;--------—裝------ir------線 (讀先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本真)

Claims (1)

  1. d 531 13 AS BS C8 ---------—____D8 _ y、申請專利範園 —種供接收’處理及顯示很多影像之成像系統,該成像 系統包含: 發送裝置’連接至一攝影機裝置,供自其接收很多 影像; 一處理裝置’在發送裝置内,供處理很多影像,並產 生一對應於很多影像之數位信號,該數位信號包含許 多操作參數; —接收裝置,經由一正向頻道連接至發送裝置及處理 裝置’供接收很多影像之數位信號;、 ,ί —解碼裝置’在接收裝置内,供將數位信號解碼,並 根據許多操作參數自其重新構成很多影像; —顯示器,供顯示來.自接收裝置之很多影像;以及 一介面,連接至接收裝置,該介面響應一命令修改至 少操作參數之一,將命令經由一至其之反向頻道轉發至 發送裝置内之處理裝置,從而處理裝置修改數位信號。, Ϊ i I^ίτ-----*-m (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央榡準局員工消費合作社印製 -16- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) M規格(210><297公董)
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