TW202336339A - Cutter board of shield excavator and shield excavator including the same - Google Patents

Abstract

An objective of the present invention is to obtain a cutter head for shield excavator in which excavation ability does not decrease in an inner peripheral side of a spoke where scraper teeth are not arranged. A cutter board of shield excavator of the present invention includes: a plurality of spoke portions 2b extending radially from a hub portion 2a; a through hole 2e formed between the plurality of spokes portions 2b for taking in excavated soils and sands; an outer peripheral ring portion 2d connecting the outer peripheral ends of the plurality of spoke portions 2b in the extension direction; a plurality of leading bits 4b provided on the front surfaces of the plurality of spoke portions 2b; an inclined surface TS which are both side surfaces in the width direction of the spoke portions 2b, formed only from the central portion of the plurality of spoke portions 2b toward the inner side in the extension direction, and inclined in the direction of approaching each other from the front to the rear of the spoke portion 2b; a first scraper tooth 4sa provided at two outer edge portions in the width direction of the plurality of the spacer 2b only from the central portion toward the outer side in the extension direction; and a second scraper tooth 4sb provided at two outer edge portions in the width direction of the plurality of spoke portions 2bo at an outer peripheral end in the extension direction.

Description

Tool disc of a potential shield excavator and a potential shield excavator equipped with the tool disc

The present invention relates to a tool disc for a shield excavator and a technology for a shield excavator equipped with the tool disc.

A shield excavator is a machine that forms an excavation pit in the ground by rotating and advancing the cutter head installed on the front face of the machine body while abutting against the excavation surface of the ground.

The submersible shield excavators include soil-pressure submersible shield excavators and mud-water submersible shield excavators. The structure of the former submersible shield excavator is to inject additive materials into the cabin to liquefy (fluidize) the excavated soil and sand and apply a predetermined pressure, thereby stabilizing the excavation surface. More specifically, this type of submersible shield excavator The excavation soil and sand are filled between the excavation surface and the partition wall, and additives are injected and stirred into it, thereby turning the soil and sand into soil (a mixture of gravel and additives) with high fluidity and water-stopping properties. The soil pressure is used to stabilize the excavation surface while excavating. Here, the soil and sand mixed with additives in the cabin are rolled up by the screw conveyor and discharged from the rear of the machine body. The structure of the latter's submersible shield excavator exerts a predetermined pressure on the muddy water in the cabin, thereby stabilizing the excavation surface and circulating the muddy water, so as to transport the excavated soil and sand in a fluid state.

Here, the cutter head of the earth pressure shield excavator includes: a hub portion located at the center of rotation; a plurality of spoke portions extending radially from the hub portion; and an outer peripheral ring portion connecting the plurality of spokes. The outer peripheral end of the spoke portion in the extending direction. In addition, a through hole is formed between the spoke portions, and the through hole is used to take soil, sand, etc. excavated by the cutter disc into a cabin formed on the back of the cutter disc.

Each spoke unit is equipped with various excavation means such as rotary chisels, pilot drill bits, and scraper teeth. The rotary chisel is placed in front of each spoke part and is mainly used to crush pebbles, boulders, etc. (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as "pebble"). A plurality of pilot drill bits are arranged in front of each spoke part to perform pilot excavation and protect the scraper teeth. Furthermore, a plurality of scraper teeth are arranged at both outer edges in the width direction of each spoke portion, that is, at the outer peripheral corners of the inlet for excavating soil and sand, along the extending direction of each spoke portion, and the ground is excavated and the excavated material is removed. The soil and sand are taken into the cabin (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 5).

[Prior technical literature]

[Patent Document]

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2012-122257

Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2012-122258

Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2012-122259

Patent Document 4: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2012-122260

Patent Document 5: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 10-140984

In addition, when there are pebbles with a diameter larger than the maximum diameter that can be retrieved from the through-hole formed in the cutter plate, the earth-pressure shield excavator crushes the pebbles with a drill bit and then retrieves them. If pebbles that cannot be transported by the screw conveyor are taken in, they will not be crushed in the cabin and will not be crushed inside the cabin. The broken pieces are stirred until they are worn down to a gravel diameter that can be transported by a screw conveyor, thus causing damage to the stirring rod, torque arm, etc. Therefore, the maximum diameter of the pebbles taken in from the cutter disc must be smaller than the diameter that can be transported by the screw conveyor.

When using a soil pressure shield excavator to excavate a conglomerate layer containing boulders with an extremely high gravel content, when large-diameter pebbles are located on the inner circumferential side of the cutter head (inside from the center in the direction in which the spokes extend), After the pebbles are separated from the excavated ground, they roll and move toward the outer peripheral side of the spoke portion (outside from the central portion in the extending direction of the spoke portion) of the spoke portion having a through hole large enough to take in the pebbles. In addition, until the pebbles enter the through-holes on the outer peripheral side, they will hit the spoke portions, the drill bits attached to the spoke portions, etc. many times, causing wear and damage of the drill bits, spoke portions, etc.

Furthermore, compared to larger submersible shield excavators with a submersible shield diameter of 6000mm or more, this tendency is more significant in smaller submersible shield excavators with a submersible shield diameter of about 2000mm to 4500mm.

Here, if the scraper teeth protruding from the side surfaces of the spoke portions are arranged only on both outer edges in the width direction of the outer circumferential side of the spoke portion and not on the inner circumferential side, it is preferable to enlarge the through hole formed on the inner circumferential side. The maximum diameter of the pebbles inserted can prevent wear and damage of the drill bit and spoke part.

However, there is a risk that the digging ability of the ground may be reduced on the inner peripheral side of the spoke portion where the scraper teeth are not arranged.

The present invention was developed in view of the above technical background, and its purpose is to provide a technology that does not reduce the excavation capability of the ground on the inner circumferential side of the spoke portion of the cutter head of a submersible shield excavator where scraper teeth are not arranged.

In order to solve the above problem, the cutter head of the shield excavator according to the first aspect of the present invention has: a hub portion located at the center of rotation; a plurality of spoke portions extending radially from the hub portion; The through-hole is formed between a plurality of the aforementioned spoke portions for taking in the excavation soil and sand; the outer peripheral ring portion is connected to the outer peripheral ends of the plurality of aforementioned spoke portions in the extending direction; and a plurality of pilot drill bits are provided on a plurality of the aforementioned spoke portions. The front surface and the inclined surface of the aforementioned spoke portion are formed only on the inner side from the central portion in the extending direction of the plurality of aforementioned spoke portions, and constitute the two side surfaces in the width direction of the aforementioned spoke portion, and the two side surfaces are formed from the front surface of the aforementioned spoke portion. The direction rearward is inclined toward the direction of approaching each other; the first scraper teeth are provided only on the two outer edge portions in the width direction outside the central portion in the extending direction of the plurality of aforementioned spoke portions; and the second scraper teeth are provided on and two outer edge portions in the width direction of the outer peripheral end portions in the extending direction of the plurality of spoke portions.

The cutter disk of a submersible shield excavator according to the second aspect of the present invention is the invention according to the first aspect, in which a wear-resistant steel plate is installed on the aforementioned inclined surface.

In the cutter disk of a shield excavator according to the third aspect of the present invention, the wear-resistant steel plate is coated to prevent the adhesion of excavation soil and sand.

A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a cutter disk for a submersible shield excavator. In the first aspect of the invention, the inclined surface is provided with an adhesion prevention plate that prevents excavation soil and sand from adhering.

A fifth aspect of the present invention provides a cutter disk for a shield excavator. In the first aspect of the invention, the inclined surface is covered with a coating to prevent adhesion of excavation soil and sand.

The cutter disk of a shield excavator according to the sixth aspect of the present invention is the invention according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, and further has a protective member, and the protective member is provided only in the extending direction of the plurality of aforementioned spoke portions. The inner side from the central portion is to protect the inner side from the central portion in the extending direction of the aforementioned spoke portion.

A seventh aspect of the present invention provides a cutter disk for a submersible shield excavator. In the sixth aspect of the invention, the protective member is a wear-resistant steel plate provided on both outer edges of the spoke portion in the width direction and is provided on the spoke. At least one of the wear-resistant steel plates in front of the part.

In the cutter disk of a submersible shield excavator according to the eighth aspect of the present invention, which is the sixth or seventh aspect of the invention, the protective member is a cladding portion, and the cladding portion is formed at a central portion in the extending direction of the spoke portion. The entire side surface in the width direction of the panel in front of the spoke portion from the inner side.

A ninth aspect of the present invention provides a submersible shield excavator, which is provided with a cutter disc in any one of the first to eighth aspects in a freely rotatable state in front of the machine body.

According to the present invention, only both side surfaces in the width direction of the inner peripheral side of each spoke portion become inclined surfaces that are inclined toward each other from the front to the rear of the spoke portion. With this, the ground on the excavation surface that was dug into a groove shape by the previous pilot drill bit on the inner circumferential side will be scraped and excavated by the spoke portion on the inner circumferential side and taken into the machine.

Therefore, even on the inner circumferential side of the spoke portion where scraper teeth are not arranged, the excavation capability of the ground is not reduced.

1: Soil pressure shield excavator (submersible shield excavator)

2: Tool head (tool disc)

2a: Hub part

2b: Spoke part

2ba:Front panel

2c: Middle ring part

2d: Outer peripheral ring part

2e:Through hole

3:Machine body

3a: Front shell panel

3b: Rear shell panel

4a: Center bit (drill bit)

4b: Pilot drill bit (drill bit)

4c: Peripheral drill bit (drill bit)

4d: Copy drill bit

4s: scraper teeth

4sa: First scraper tooth

4sb: Second scraper tooth

4t: Wear-resistant steel plate (protective component)

4v: mounting plate

4w: Surfacing part (protective component)

5a: Additive material injection port

5b: Additive material injection part

6: Cabin

7: next door

8:Tool drive body

9a: Center folding jack

9b: Shield jack

10:Screw conveyor

10a: The end of soil and sand intake

10b: Discharge end

10c: paddle

15,16: Stirring wing

SG: segmental member

TS: inclined surface

X,Y:arrow

Z: Part

FIG. 1 is a side perspective view showing the internal structure of a soil pressure submersible shield excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a front view of the cutter head of the soil pressure submersible shield excavator of Figure 1.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the tool head when viewed in the direction of arrow A1 in FIG. 2 .

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view when viewed along arrow X in FIG. 2 .

FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the Z portion in FIG. 4 .

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view when viewed along arrow Y in FIG. 2 .

An example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Here, in the drawings for explaining the embodiments, the same components are denoted by the same symbols in principle, and repeated descriptions are omitted.

Figure 1 is a side perspective view showing the internal structure of the soil pressure shield excavator of this embodiment. Figure 2 is a front view of the cutter head of the soil pressure shield excavator in Figure 1. Figure 3 is a view based on Figure 2. The side view of the tool head when viewed in the direction of arrow A1. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view when viewed along the arrow Cross-section view when viewing Y.

The machine of this embodiment is a soil-pressing submersible shield excavator (submersible shield excavator) 1, which injects and mixes additive materials into the soil and sand excavated by the cutter head (cutter disc) 2 to produce water-impermeable and plastic materials. Liquid (freely deformable and movable) soil is used, and the soil is excavated in a state where the chamber between the cutter head 2 and the machine body 3 is filled to generate soil pressure, and the soil pressure is used to oppose the excavation surface. The excavation pit is constructed according to the state of soil pressure.

This earth pressure submersible shield excavator 1 is particularly suitable for excavating sites containing pebbles mixed with gravel layers, pebbles, etc., but it can also be applied to pebbles mixed with gravel, pebbles, or ordinary gravel that are not mixed with boulders. layer etc.

Here, the excavation outer diameter of the earth-pressure shield excavator 1 is, for example, about 4500 mm. In addition, the length of the soil pressure submersible shield excavator 1 is, for example, approximately 6,400 mm. In addition, the operation of the earth-pressure shield excavator 1 is controlled by the operator in an operation room arranged in a follow-up truck (not shown) behind the excavator 1 .

The cutter head 2 is a member for excavating the excavation surface of the ground, and is disposed in front of the machine body 3 so as to be rotatable along the circumferential direction of the machine body 3 . The cutter head 2 adopts a disk-shaped spoke type, for example. That is, as shown in Figure 2, the tool head 2 is provided with: a hub portion 2a located at the center of rotation; The six spoke portions 2b extend radially from the hub portion 2a toward the outer circumference; the intermediate ring portion 2c connects the midway portions of the extending directions of the spoke portions 2b; and the outer peripheral ring portion 2d connects the front ends of the spoke portions 2b. parts to each other; and through holes 2e are formed between each spoke part 2b for taking excavated soil and sand into the cabin 6.

The hub portion 2a of the cutter head 2 is equipped with a center drill bit (drill bit) 4a. In addition, other excavation members such as a cone-shaped rotary chisel may be installed on the hub part 2a.

As shown in the figure, the size of each spoke portion 2b in the width direction (the rotational direction of the cutter head 2) is at the center of the extending direction of the spoke portion 2b (here, it is slightly closer to the hub than the installation position of the intermediate ring portion 2c). The inner side (hereinafter referred to as the "inner circumferential side") from the portion of the spoke portion 2a) is formed to become narrower as it approaches the hub portion 2a, and the outer side (hereinafter referred to as the "inner circumferential side") from the center portion in the extending direction of the spoke portion 2b outer peripheral side"), the dimensions in the width direction are the same.

Since the inner peripheral side of the spoke portion 2b is formed so that the spoke portion 2b gradually becomes wider from the hub portion 2a, it is possible to ensure the opening area of the through hole 2e as much as possible while achieving strength stability of the spoke portion 2b. In other words, if the width direction dimension of the inner peripheral side of the spoke portion 2b is narrowed, the opening area of the through hole 2e can be widened, but the strength will be reduced. On the contrary, if the width direction dimension of the inner peripheral side of the spoke portion 2b is reduced, the opening area of the through hole 2e will be widened. As the size increases, the strength will increase, but the opening area of the through hole 2e will decrease.

In addition, since the outer peripheral side of the spoke portion 2b is formed to have the same size in the width direction, the opening area of the through hole 2e can be increased, in other words, the opening ratio can be increased.

Here, in this embodiment, the center portion in the extending direction of the spoke portion 2b refers to a portion slightly closer to the hub portion 2a than the mounting position of the intermediate ring portion 2c, but it may be the same as the mounting position of the intermediate ring portion 2c. , or a position closer to the outer peripheral ring portion 2d than the installation position of the intermediate ring portion 2c. Furthermore, the center portion in the extending direction of the spoke portion 2b does not need to be exactly half of the entire length of the spoke portion 2b, but may be approximately half the length.

In addition, in this embodiment, the inner circumferential side of the spoke portion 2b is formed so that the dimension in the width direction becomes narrower as it approaches the hub portion 2a, and the outer circumferential side from the central portion is formed so that the dimension in the width direction is the same. However, it may also be possible. The entire length of the spoke portion 2b may be formed to have the same width, or the entire length of the spoke portion 2b may be formed to become narrower as it approaches the hub portion 2a.

Each spoke portion 2b is equipped with a pilot drill bit (drill bit) 4b, scraper teeth 4s, and a wear-resistant steel plate (protective member) 4t. In this embodiment, the height of the pilot bit 4b (the height from the surface of the spoke part 2b) is 150 mm, the height of the scraper teeth 4s is 100 mm, and the protrusion amount (the protrusion amount from the side surface of the spoke part 2b) is 100 mm. In addition, in addition to the pilot drill bit 4b, other excavation members such as a rotary chisel may be installed on the side of the spoke portion 2b.

In addition to taking the lead in crushing pebbles and the like, excavation of the ground, etc., the pilot drill bit 4b also has the function of protecting the scraper teeth 4s. As shown in FIG. 2, it is regularly arranged in front of each spoke portion 2b (the surface opposite to the excavation surface). A plurality of pilot drill bits 4b are arranged in a row. Each pilot drill bit 4b is formed into a substantially rectangular shape in plan view, and is arranged with its long side extending along the width direction of the spoke portion 2b.

In addition, in this embodiment, the position of the tool head 2 adjacent to the previous pilot bit 4 b in the rotation direction is arranged on different rotation trajectories, but it is not limited to this and may also be arranged on the same rotation trajectory.

The scraper teeth 4s excavate the ground and take the excavated soil and sand into the cabin 6 (Fig. 1), which includes a first scraper tooth 4sa and a second scraper tooth 4sb. The first scraper teeth 4sa are provided only on both outer edge portions in the width direction on the outer peripheral side of each spoke portion 2b. The second scraper teeth 4sb are provided at both outer edge portions in the width direction of the outer peripheral end portion in the extending direction of each spoke portion 2b. In addition, as will be described later, the installation position of the first scraper tooth 4sa differs depending on the spoke part 2b. However, in the present invention, the first scraper tooth 4sa is installed closest to the hub part 2a (in FIG. 2, it is installed on The radially outer side from the first scraper tooth 4sa) on the spoke portion 2b corresponding to the twelve o'clock direction and the six o'clock direction on the clock face is called the outer peripheral side of the spoke portion 2b.

In this embodiment, the installation positions of the first scraper teeth 4sa of adjacent spoke portions 2b are offset from each other along the radial direction of the cutter head 2. Specifically, in FIG. 2 , the first scraper teeth 4sa are provided at positions corresponding to the twelve o'clock direction and the six o'clock direction on the clock surface, and the first scraper teeth 4sa are provided at the two o'clock direction and eight o'clock position on the clock surface. The first scraper teeth 4sa at the clockwise position and the first scraper teeth 4sa at the four o'clock and ten o'clock positions on the disk surface of the clock are arranged to be staggered from each other so as to rotate the cutter head 2 In this case, the trajectories of all the first scraper teeth 4sa are different, and no excavation residual area of the ground will be generated.

In addition, this embodiment is provided with two kinds of second scraper teeth 4sb with different lengths. In FIG. 2 , the second scraper teeth 4sb provided at positions corresponding to the two o'clock direction and the eight o'clock direction on the clock face are long. The degree is larger than that of the second scraper tooth 4sb located at a position other than it, and its trajectory when the tool head 2 rotates is on the outer peripheral side of the position corresponding to the four o'clock direction and the ten o'clock direction of the clock face. The trajectories of the first scraper teeth 4sa slightly overlap.

With this arrangement of the first scraper teeth 4sa and the second scraper teeth 4sb, the ground located on the outer peripheral side of the cutter head 2 can be excavated completely.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6 , only both side surfaces in the width direction of the inner circumferential side of each spoke portion 2 b are inclined surfaces TS that are inclined toward each other from the front to the rear of the spoke portion 2 b. As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the inclination angle of the inclined surface TS (the angle formed by a line perpendicular to the front panel 2ba of the spoke portion 2b and the inclined surface TS) is 5°. This inclined surface TS has the same function as the aforementioned scraper teeth 4s on the outer peripheral side, scraping and excavating the ground on the excavation surface that has been dug into a groove shape by the pilot drill bit 4b and taking it into the cabin 6. Here, the inclination angle of the inclined surface TS is not limited to 5° and can be freely set.

Here, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6 , a wear-resistant steel plate 4t is installed on the inclined surface TS to protect the inclined surface TS and prevent wear and damage of the spoke portion 2b caused by excavation of the ground. In addition, for The wear-resistant steel plate 4t installed on the inclined surface TS can be coated with an anti-sand adhesion agent such as powder or liquid. If such a coating treatment is performed to prevent the adhesion of excavation soil and sand, it is possible to eliminate the deterioration of excavation efficiency due to the reduction in the excavation amount of soil and sand on the excavation surface due to the adhesion of soil and sand to the inclined surface TS.

In addition, an adhesion prevention plate that prevents excavation soil and sand from adhering can be installed on the inclined surface TS instead of the wear-resistant steel plate 4t. Alternatively, the inclined surface TS may be directly coated to prevent the adhesion of excavation soil and sand without installing the wear-resistant steel plate 4t, adhesion prevention plate, or the like. Here, even if an anti-adhesion plate is installed on the inclined surface TS or a coating treatment to prevent adhesion is applied to the inclined surface TS, as mentioned above, it is possible to eliminate the problem of reducing the amount of soil and sand on the excavation surface due to the adhesion of soil and sand to the inclined surface TS. Leading to a deterioration in excavation efficiency.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 , 4 and 5 , both outer edge portions in the width direction of the inner circumferential side of each spoke portion 2 b and the front surface ( Specifically, it is the surface of the front panel 2ba of the spoke portion 2b, and a wear-resistant steel plate 4t is installed across the mounting plate 4v. By providing the wear-resistant steel plate 4t, both outer edges and surfaces in the width direction of the inner peripheral side of each spoke portion 2b can be protected to prevent wear and damage of the spoke portions 2b caused by excavation.

In addition, in this embodiment, the wear-resistant steel plates 4t are installed on both outer edges and the front of the inner circumferential side of each spoke portion 2b in the width direction. However, the wear-resistant steel plates 4t can also be installed on both outer edges in the width direction. Anywhere on the edge or front. In addition, the wear-resistant steel plate 4t can also be directly mounted on the spoke portion 2b without interposing the mounting plate 4v.

Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 , a build-up portion (protective member) 4w is formed on the inner circumferential side of each spoke portion 2b over the entire side surface in the width direction of the front panel 2ba of the spoke portion 2b. This can improve the wear resistance of the inner peripheral side of the spoke portion 2b when excavating the ground.

Here, the maximum diameter of the pebbles taken in through the through hole 2e is determined by the size (diameter) of the screw conveyor 10. However, in the soil pressure shield excavator 1 of this embodiment, the diameter of the screw conveyor 10 is The diameter can carry pebbles with a diameter of about 700mm×600mm, so the through-hole 2e formed in the cutter head 2 has a size that can take in pebbles with a maximum diameter of 700mm in accordance with its size.

If pebbles of a size that cannot be transported by the screw conveyor 10 are taken in through the through hole 2e, since the pebbles cannot be crushed in the cabin 6, they will be continuously stirred in the cabin 6 until they are worn and can be transported by the screw conveyor 10. At this time, the stirring blades 15, 16 (described later), etc. will be damaged. Therefore, the maximum diameter of the pebbles taken into the cabin 6 must be smaller than the gravel diameter that can be transported by the screw conveyor 10.

The hub part 2a and the spoke part 2b are provided with the additive material injection port 5a. This additive material injection port 5 a is a component for injecting a mud material such as a bentonite-based additive material toward the excavation surface in front of the cutter head 2 . Here, as the additive material injected from each additive material inlet 5a, a bubble material may be used instead of a bentonite-based additive material, or both a bentonite-based additive material and a bubble material may be used.

The soil and sand excavated by the cutter head 2 are taken into the cabin 6 (see FIG. 1 ) described later through the through hole 2 e. The through hole is limited by the intermediate ring portion 2 c connecting the midway portions of the spoke portions 2 b in the extending direction. When the opening area is 2e, the size of the pebbles taken in through the through hole 2e can be limited. Here, when the excavating outer diameter of the soil pressure shield excavator 1 is small (for example, 2000 mm), the intermediate ring portion 2c can be omitted.

A plurality of outer peripheral drill bits (drill bits) 4c are arranged and installed on the front surface of the outer peripheral ring portion 2d facing the excavation surface. In addition, the height of the peripheral drill bit 4c is also formed to 150 mm. In addition, the height of the outer peripheral drill bit 4 c adjacent to the tool head 2 in the rotation direction may be varied by repeatedly rising and falling along the rotation direction of the tool head 2 . In this way, the impact, load, etc. received by the outer peripheral drill bit 4c can be dispersed, thereby improving the durability of the outer peripheral drill bit 4c, and extending the replacement period of the outer peripheral drill bit 4c of the tool head 2. In addition, by changing the height of the outer peripheral drill bit 4c on the same rotation path, pebbles and the like on the excavation surface can be well chopped.

In addition, on the outer peripheral surface of the outer peripheral ring portion 2d, two copy cutters 4d, for example, are provided at opposite pole positions. This copying drill bit 4d is used for over-excavation during sharp curved line construction, posture control of the soil pressure submersible shield excavator 1, etc.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1 , the machine body 3 is provided with a front housing plate 3 a of the truss portion and a rear housing plate 3 b of the rear portion. The front housing plate 3 a and the rear housing plate 3 b are members formed of, for example, cylindrical steel plates, which form the outer shape of the machine body 3 and form a hollow space inside the machine body 3 . The front case panel 3a and the rear case panel 3b are inserted into the rear end side of the front case panel 3a in a state where the spherical bearing portion at the front end of the rear case panel 3b is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the front case panel 3a. coupled to each other.

A partition wall 7 is provided on the front side of the front housing plate 3a at a position where the front thereof retreats toward the inside of the machine body 3. The partition wall 7 divides the hollow space in the machine body 3 into the excavation surface side and the machine inner side. . A cabin 6 is provided on the excavation surface side of the partition wall 7 (that is, between the cutter head 2 and the partition wall 7 ). Inside the partition wall 7 , an additive material injection part 5 b , a tool driving body 8 , and a center folding unit are provided. Jack 9a, shield jack 9b, screw conveyor 10, and earth pressure detection part (not shown).

The additive material injection part 5b is a device for injecting additive materials toward the outer periphery of the machine body 3 and into the cabin 6, and is provided on the outer periphery of the partition wall 7 in a state where the injection port of the additive material injection part 5b is exposed to the outside of the machine body 3. nearby. The additive material injected from the additive material injection part 5b is a mud material such as a bentonite-based additive material. Here, as the additive material injected from the additive material injection part 5b, a bubble material may be used instead of a bentonite-based additive material, or both a bentonite-based additive material and a bubble material may be used.

The cabin 6 is a space for taking in soil, sand, etc. excavated by the cutter head 2 . The cabin 6 is provided with a cylindrical stirring blade 15 protruding toward the interior of the cabin 6 in front of the partition wall 7 . On the other hand, a cylindrical column protruding toward the interior of the cabin 6 is provided on the back of the cutter head 2 . Stirring wing 16. These mixing wing 15 and 16 series configurations The radial positions of the cutter head 2 are staggered from each other. When the cutter head 2 rotates, the soil and sand entering the cabin 6 and the additive materials injected into the cabin 6 are stirred and mixed.

The tool driving body 8 is a driving source for rotating the tool head 2 . Here, the tool driving method is an intermediate support driving method. As shown in FIG. 1 , the tool driving body 8 is located at a position substantially in the center between the center of the front surface of the tool head 2 and the outer periphery, and is arranged along the circumferential direction of the tool head 2 . Configure multiple ones.

The center folding jack 9a is a machine that connects the front shell plate 3a and the rear shell plate 3b and corrects the propulsion direction of the soil pressure submersible shield excavator 1. As shown in Figure 1, it is in the machine body 3 and spans the front shell. A plurality of them are arranged along the circumferential direction of the earth shield excavator 1 at the interface between the plate 3a and the rear housing plate 3b. By supplying oil pressure to the intermediate folding jack 9a to cause the front housing plate 3a and the rear housing plate 3b to bend in a predetermined direction and angle, the soil pressure submersible shield excavator 1 is pushed forward, thereby controlling the soil pressure submersible. Shield excavator 1's propulsion direction.

The submersible shield jack 9b exerts force on the segment member SG provided at the rear of the machine body 3, and its reaction force generates a propulsive force that causes the soil to press the submersible shield excavator 1 forward. As shown in Figure 1, the submersible shield jack 9b A plurality of shield shields are attached to the machine body 3 at a position straddling the boundary between the front housing plate 3a and the rear housing plate 3b along the circumferential direction of the soil pressure shield excavator 1.

The screw conveyor 10 is a machine for discharging the soil and sand taken into the cabin 6 out of the machine. As shown in FIG. The intake end 10a is inclined upward toward the discharge end 10b disposed behind the machine body 3 at a position slightly higher than the center of the machine body 3 in the height direction and continues to extend.

This screw conveyor 10 is, for example, a shaftless spiral belt type screw conveyor. This shaftless spiral belt type screw conveyor is equipped with a spiral blade 10c without a rotating shaft in a pipe. A screw conveyor with a rotating shaft is easily clogged by pebbles. In contrast, a shaftless spiral belt type screw conveyor 10, the maximum diameter of the pebbles that can be conveyed is greater than the radius of the conveyance path, and pebbles of a size that cannot be conveyed by the shafted screw conveyor can be conveyed. Thereby, the earth pressure shield excavator 1 of this embodiment is configured to take in the cabin 6 without crushing pebbles and the like of a size that can be discharged by the screw conveyor 10 .

In addition, a discharge pipe (not shown) is connected to the discharge end 10b of the screw conveyor 10, and the soil and sand transported to the discharge end 10b of the screw conveyor 10 can be transported to a trolley or the like through the discharge pipe.

The earth pressure detection part is a sensor part that converts the pressure caused by the soil in the cabin 6 into an electrical signal through a strain gauge, and is arranged with the earth pressure detection surface of the earth pressure detection part facing the inside of the cabin 6 . The soil pressure shield excavator 1 manages the soil pressure in the cabin 6 detected by the soil pressure detection unit within a predetermined value range, thereby enabling excavation processing while maintaining the stability of the excavation surface.

Next, the soil pressure submersible shield construction method performed by the soil pressure submersible shield excavator 1 in Figure 1 will be described. The excavation target here is a site composed of a conglomerate layer with a very high gravel content and boulders.

When excavating such a site, the earth-pressure shield excavator 1 of this embodiment rotates the cutter head 2 while pressing against the excavation surface and simultaneously advances the machine body 3 to construct an excavation pit in the ground. .

When this excavation operation is performed, additive materials are added to the soil and sand excavated by the cutter head 2, and the soil, sand and additive materials are stirred and mixed by the rotation of the cutter head 2 and the action of the stirring blade 16 following the rotation. The excavated soil and sand are converted into plastically fluid and impermeable soil. Then, the cabin 6 and the screw conveyor 10 are filled with soil, and the filled soil is pressurized by the propulsion force of the shield jack 9b to generate soil pressure, so that the soil pressure resists the soil on the excavation surface. pressure to maintain the stability of the excavation surface. In addition, for example, when the rotation speed of the tool head 2 is constant, the extension speed of the shield jack 9b is adjusted, The rotation speed of the screw conveyor 10, etc., and the soil pressure in the cabin 6 are measured by the above-mentioned soil pressure detection unit to make it constant, thereby maintaining the stability of the excavation surface.

The bentonite-based additives added as additives (made as mud materials) have the function of improving the plastic fluidity and impermeability of soil and sand, and can envelop the gravel, pebbles and other gravel components obtained by crushing boulders together with the excavated soil and sand. It prevents the gravel components from being separated from the excavated soil and sand and improves the integrity of the excavated soil, sand and gravel components.

Here, if the maximum diameter of the pebbles that can be taken in by the through hole 2e on the outer circumferential side of the cutter head 2 is larger than the maximum diameter of the pebbles that can be taken in by the through hole 2e on the inner circumferential side of the cutter head 2, the inner circumference is not entered. The pebbles in the through hole 2e on the side move toward the outer peripheral side of the spoke portion 2b and enter the through hole 2e on the outer peripheral side. During the movement, the pebbles hit the spoke portion 2b and the pilot drill bit 4b installed on the spoke portion 2b multiple times, causing wear and damage of the pilot drill bit 4b and the spoke portion 2b.

On the other hand, in the earth pressure shield excavator 1 of this embodiment, as mentioned above, the scraper teeth 4s protruding from the side surfaces of the spoke portions 2b are not installed on the inner peripheral side of each spoke portion 2b, so the through holes 2e The maximum diameter of the pebbles that can be taken in does not differ between the inner peripheral side and the outer peripheral side of the cutter head 2 . Therefore, when pebbles with a large diameter that can be taken in through the through hole 2e are located on the inner circumferential side of the cutter head 2, the pebbles will be directly taken in from the inner circumferential side through hole 2e and sent into the cabin after breaking away from the excavation ground. Within 6.

At this time, only both side surfaces in the width direction of the inner peripheral side of each spoke portion 2b become inclined surfaces TS that are inclined toward each other from the front to the rear of the spoke portion 2b. Thereby, the inclined surface TS has the same function as the scraper teeth 4s on the outer circumferential side, and the ground on the excavation surface that is grooved by the front pilot bit 4b on the inner circumferential side is scraped and excavated by the spoke portion 2b on the inner circumferential side. Take it into the cabin 6 (that is, inside the machine).

Therefore, even on the inner peripheral side of the spoke portion 2b where the scraper teeth 4s are not arranged, the digging ability of the ground is not reduced.

The invention developed by the present inventor has been specifically described above based on the embodiments. However, each point of the embodiments disclosed in this specification is an illustration and should be understood as not being limited to the disclosed technology. That is, the technical scope of the present invention should not be construed restrictively based on the description of the aforementioned embodiments, but should be construed based on the description of the patent application scope, which includes technologies equivalent to those described in the patent application scope and All changes that do not depart from the gist of the patent application.

For example, in the above embodiment, a shaftless spiral belt type screw conveyor is used. However, the invention is not limited to this and various changes can be made. For example, a combination of a shaftless spiral belt type and a shaft type screw conveyor can also be used. machine.

[Industrial availability]

The above description describes the case where the present invention is applied to a soil pressure shield excavator of the intermediate support drive system. However, it is not limited to this and may also be applied to, for example, a spindle drive system or an outer peripheral support drive system soil pressure submersible shield excavator. Waiting for other potential shield excavators.

2b: Spoke part

2ba:Front panel

4t: Wear-resistant steel plate (protective component)

4v: mounting plate

4w: Surfacing part (protective component)

TS: inclined surface

Z: Part

Claims (9)

A tool disc for a shield excavator, which has: The hub part is located at the center of rotation; A plurality of spoke parts extend radially from the aforementioned hub part; Through-holes are formed between a plurality of the aforementioned spoke portions for taking in excavation soil and sand; The outer peripheral ring portion is the outer peripheral end portion connecting the extending directions of the plurality of aforementioned spoke portions; A plurality of pilot drill bits are arranged in front of a plurality of aforementioned spoke portions; The inclined surfaces are formed only on the inner side from the central portion in the extending direction of the plurality of spoke portions, and constitute both side surfaces of the spoke portion in the width direction, and the two side surfaces are close to each other from the front to the rear of the spoke portion. direction tilt; The first scraper teeth are only provided on the two outer edge portions in the width direction outside the central portion in the extending direction of the plurality of aforementioned spoke portions; and The second scraper teeth are provided at both outer edge portions in the width direction of the outer peripheral ends in the extending direction of the plurality of spoke portions. The cutter disc of a shield excavator according to claim 1, wherein the aforementioned inclined surface is equipped with a wear-resistant steel plate. The cutter head of a shield excavator according to claim 2, wherein the wear-resistant steel plate is coated to prevent the adhesion of excavation soil and sand. The cutter head of a shield excavator according to claim 1, wherein the inclined surface is equipped with an adhesion prevention plate that prevents excavation soil and sand from adhering. The tool disc of a shield excavator according to claim 1, wherein the inclined surface is covered with a coating to prevent the adhesion of excavation soil and sand. The cutter head of the submersible shield excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further has a protective member, which is only provided on the inner side from the central portion in the extending direction of the plurality of aforementioned spoke portions to protect The inner side from the central portion in the extending direction of the aforementioned spoke portion. The cutter head of a submersible shield excavator according to claim 6, wherein the protective member is a wear-resistant steel plate provided on both outer edges of the spoke portion in the width direction and a wear-resistant steel plate provided on the front surface of the spoke portion. At least one of the steel plates is consumed. The cutter head of a submersible shield excavator according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the protective member is a cladding portion formed on the inner side of the spoke portion from the central portion in the extending direction of the spoke portion. The full width of the side of the previous panel. A shield excavator is provided with the cutter disk described in any one of claims 1 to 8 in a freely rotatable state on the front of the machine body.

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