JP2023132219A - Roller cutter unit, and cutter head of shield excavator or tunnel boring machine attached with roller cutter unit - Google Patents

Abstract

To prevent a roller cutter body constituting a roller cutter unit from shifting in the axial direction.SOLUTION: In a roller cutter RC provided on a front of a cutter head 2 of a shield excavator 1, an inclination is provided on facing surfaces of a side plate part 33a of a cutter adapter 30 and a wedge block 50 constituting the roller cutter RC so as to move the side plate part 33a toward an opposite side plate part 33b. Thereby, the side plate part 33b on one side can be brought into close contact with an inner surface of a cutter saddle 40 without any gap, so that it is possible to prevent a roller cutter body 20 constituting the roller cutter RC from shifting in the axial direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 10

Description

The present invention relates to a roller cutter unit and a cutter head of a shield excavator or a cutter head of a tunnel boring machine to which the unit is attached, and, for example, to a fixing technique for fixing a roller cutter body to the roller cutter unit.

A roller cutter is an excavation member that crushes and cuts rock and hard earth and sand, and consists of a roller cutter body, a cutter adapter that rotatably supports it, and a cutter such as a shield excavator while holding the cutter adapter. It has a cutter saddle that is welded to the head, and a wedge block that removably fixes the cutter adapter to the cutter saddle.

The roller cutter main body has a hollow disk-shaped cutter disk and a plurality of carbide tips provided at the outer peripheral tip of the cutter disk. The carbide tips are buried at predetermined intervals along the outer circumferential direction of the cutter disk.

The cutter adapter consists of a rotating shaft inserted into a hollow part in the radial center of the cutter board, a bearing part provided between the outer periphery of the rotating shaft part and the inner periphery of the hollow part of the cutter board, and a rotating shaft part. The cutter board has a pair of side plate parts that are connected to both axial ends of the cutter board and cover and protect both side surfaces of the cutter board.

The cutter saddle is constituted by a hollow frame-shaped casing that surrounds and holds the roller cutter main body and the cutter adapter, with the main surface on the face side and the back surface thereof open. When the side of the roller cutter body is viewed from the front, there is a gap between the radial sides of the side plate of the cutter adapter and the part of the cutter saddle that faces each of the side plates. A pair of gap portions are formed along the side surfaces of the cutter adapter so that the width thereof gradually decreases from the outer peripheral side toward the center side of the cutter adapter. The cutter adapter is fixed to the cutter saddle by fitting a wedge block into each of the pair of gaps.

The wedge block is formed in a wedge shape extending so that the width gradually becomes narrower from one end in the longitudinal direction toward the other end in plan view, so as to match the shape of the above-mentioned gap in plan view. The deeper the wedge block is pushed into the gap, the more strongly the cutter adapter can be pressed against the cutter saddle. Further, the wedge block is removably screwed onto the cutter saddle using bolts. Thereby, when the roller cutter body becomes worn out, it is possible to replace the roller cutter body from inside the shield excavator or the like even during excavation.

Note that the roller cutter is described, for example, in Patent Document 1, which discloses a configuration in which the shape of the wedge block in plan view is wedge-shaped so that when the bolts of the wedge block are tightened, the cutter adapter is pressed against the cutter saddle. There is.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 130896/1989

By the way, since the roller cutter is mainly used for cutting hard ground, it is desirable to firmly fix the cutter adapter so that the roller cutter body does not wobble or the like. If the cutter adapter is not firmly fixed, the cutting edge of the roller cutter body will not be stable against the rock on the face, which may cause problems such as poor rock crushing or damage to the roller cutter body.

However, between the cutter adapter and the cutter saddle, there is a gap for construction. Among these gaps, the gap in the diametrical direction of the roller cutter body (direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotating shaft part) can be eliminated by tightening the bolts of the wedge block, but As a result, the gap in the axial direction of the wedge block remains even when the bolts of the wedge block are strongly tightened, resulting in the roller cutter body being displaced in the axial direction of the rotating shaft portion during excavation.

The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned technical background, and an object of the present invention is to prevent axial displacement of a roller cutter main body constituting a roller cutter unit.

In order to solve the above problems, a roller cutter unit of the present invention according to claim 1 includes a roller cutter main body, a support member that rotatably supports the roller cutter main body, and a roller cutter main body and the support member. a casing that surrounds and holds the roller cutter in a state where it is exposed from the face side of the face side and the back side of the back side of the face side; a fixing member removably fixed to the housing, the roller cutter main body having a hollow disk-shaped cutter disk, a plurality of carbide tips embedded along the outer periphery of the cutter disk; The support member includes: a rotating shaft inserted into the hollow part of the cutter board; a bearing provided between an inner periphery of the hollow part and an outer periphery of the rotating shaft; a pair of side plate parts connected to both ends of the roller cutter body in the axial direction and provided so as to cover both side faces of the cutter board; A gap portion is formed between the side plate portion and the casing, and the gap portion extends from the back side of the casing so that the width thereof gradually becomes narrower toward the face side, and the fixing member includes: The fixing member is formed so that the width gradually becomes narrower from one end to the other end in the longitudinal direction so as to match the shape of the gap in plan view, and the fixing member is fitted into the gap. The support member is fixed to the housing by the roller cutter main body, and the side plate is provided on at least one side surface of the roller cutter main body in the direction of the rotational axis, and the side plate is provided on a surface facing and in contact with the fixing member in the side plate portion. A slope is formed such that the width of the section gradually increases from the outside toward the center in the direction of the rotational axis of the roller cutter main body, and the fixing member is formed on a surface of the fixing member that faces and contacts the side plate section. The roller cutter body is characterized in that a slope is formed such that the width thereof gradually becomes narrower from the outside toward the center of the roller cutter body in the rotational axis direction.

In the roller cutter unit of the present invention according to claim 2, in the invention according to claim 1, on both side surfaces of the roller cutter main body in the rotational axis direction, on both sides of the center in the width direction of the side plate portion. A pair of the gap portions are provided, and the pair of gap portions are provided so as to be gradually spaced apart from the back surface toward the face surface.

In the roller cutter unit of the present invention according to claim 3, in the invention according to claim 1 or 2, the roller cutter body has two or more cutter plates joined to each other. are arranged in parallel along the rotational axis direction.

In the roller cutter unit of the present invention according to claim 4, in the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the fixing member is removably joined to the housing by a bolt. It is characterized by the presence of

The cutter head of the shield excavator of the present invention according to claim 5 has a chamber between the cutter head rotatably provided on the distal end side of the equipment main body and the partition wall provided on the distal end surface of the equipment main body. A shield tunneling machine is characterized in that the roller cutter unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is attached to the cutter head of the shield tunneling machine.

In the cutter head of the shield excavator of the present invention according to claim 6, in the invention according to claim 5, the side where the support member is pressed against the casing by the slope formed on the fixing member is the cutter head. It is characterized by being on the outer circumferential side of.

The cutter head of the tunnel boring machine according to the present invention according to claim 7 includes: a cutter head rotatably provided on the front end side of the equipment body; a first fixing means for fixing the equipment body; a second fixing means provided in front of the first fixing means in the main body and fixing the device main body; and a second fixing means provided in a telescopic state between the first fixing means and the second fixing means. and a mechanism for advancing the equipment body by repeating expansion and contraction of the expansion and contraction means when fixed by the first fixing means and when fixed by the second fixing means. The roller cutter unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is attached to the cutter head of the invention.

In the cutter head of the tunnel boring machine according to the present invention according to claim 8, in the invention according to claim 7, the side where the support member is pressed against the housing by the slope formed on the fixing member is the cutter head. It is characterized by being on the outer circumferential side of.

According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the roller cutter main body constituting the roller cutter unit from shifting in the axial direction.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of main parts of a shield tunneling machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, seen from the side. FIG. 2 is a front view of a cutter head that constitutes the shield tunneling machine of FIG. 1. FIG. FIG. 3 is a plan view of the roller cutter viewed from the face side. 4 is a side view of the roller cutter seen from the direction of arrow A1 in FIG. 3. FIG. 4 is a front view of the roller cutter seen from the direction of arrow A2 in FIG. 3. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line II in FIG. 3. FIG. FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the roller cutter of FIG. 1 viewed from the back side. 4 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 3. FIG. FIG. 9 is an exploded cross-sectional view of one wedge block in FIG. 8; FIG. 2 is a plan view of the roller cutter of FIG. 1 viewed from the back side. FIG. 2 is a plan view of a roller cutter studied by the inventor for comparison, viewed from the back side. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of main parts of a tunnel boring machine according to another embodiment of the present invention, seen from the side.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiment as an example of this invention will be described in detail based on drawing. In addition, in the drawings for explaining the embodiments, the same components are designated by the same reference numerals in principle, and repeated explanation thereof will be omitted.

(First embodiment)

First, a configuration example of a shield tunneling machine according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 1. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of the main parts of the shield tunneling machine according to the present embodiment, showing the inside of the shield tunneling machine from the side.

The shield excavator 1 of the present embodiment has, for example, impermeability and plastic fluidity (the property of freely deforming and moving) generated by injecting and mixing additives into the earth and sand excavated by the cutter head 2. ) by filling the chamber 4 between the cutter head 2 and the equipment main body 3 with mud having the following properties, thereby generating mud pressure that counters the earth pressure of the face and ensuring the stability of the face. This is a pressurized mud shield machine that excavates in a closed state.

The cutter head 2 is a shield cutter board for excavating the ground, and is installed at the front of the tip head of the shield excavator 1 so as to be rotatable in forward and reverse directions along the circumferential direction of the equipment body 3. Although not particularly limited, the diameter of the cutter head 2 is, for example, about 5360 mm, and the thickness of the cutter head 2 is, for example, 610 mm.

A center cutter C, a roller cutter (roller cutter unit) RC, scraper teeth (not shown in FIG. 1), and the like are installed on the front surface of the cutter head 2 (the surface facing the face). The center cutter C and roller cutter RC are excavation parts that mainly cut down the ground, and the scraper teeth are cutting parts that mainly cut the ground.

Further, a copy cutter CC is installed on the outer periphery of the cutter head 2. The copy cutter CC has the role of over-drilling during construction of a sharp curve, controlling the attitude of the shield excavator 1, etc. Furthermore, a mixing blade 6 is installed on the back surface of the cutter head 2. The mixing blade 6 is formed of, for example, a cylindrical protruding member, and has the role of stirring and mixing the earth and sand in the chamber 4 and the additive when the cutter head 2 rotates. Note that the cutter head 2 will be explained later.

The device main body 3 includes a front body plate (front body part) 3a, a rear body plate (rear body part) 3b behind it, and a tail seal 3c behind it.

The front body plate 3a and the rear body plate 3b are formed of, for example, cylindrical steel plates, and are structural parts that form the outer shape of the device body 3 and form a hollow space inside the device body 3. The front body plate 3a and the rear body plate 3b are engaged with each other by inserting the spherical bearing portion at the tip of the rear body plate 3b in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the front body plate 3a on the rear end side of the front body plate 3a. are combined.

The tail seal 3c is a sealing member that prevents groundwater etc. from entering the equipment main body 3 from the rear part of the equipment main body 3 during excavation work, and the tail seal 3c is a sealing member that prevents underground water etc. from entering into the equipment main body 3 from the rear part of the equipment main body 3 during excavation work. It is set up in a frame shape along the

On the front side of the front body plate 3a, a partition wall 7 is installed at a position retreating inward from the front surface of the device main body 3. The bulkhead 7 is a steel plate that divides the hollow space inside the equipment main body 3 into a face side and an inside of the machine. is provided. Note that the earth and sand excavated by the cutter head 2 are taken into the chamber 4 through a through hole (not shown in FIG. 1) that penetrates the front and back surfaces of the cutter head 2.

On the other hand, on the inside of the equipment body 3 of the shield tunneling machine 1, there is a cutter drive body 8, a bending jack 9a, a shield jack 9b, a screw conveyor 10, an erector 11, an earth pressure detection section 12, and additive material injection sections 13a, 13b. , 13c, etc. are installed.

The cutter drive body 8 is a motor (drive source) that rotates the cutter head 2 in forward and reverse directions, and a plurality of cutter drive bodies 8 are installed in a line along the circumferential direction of the cutter head 2 at a position near the outer periphery in the front of the cutter head 2. has been done. Note that here, an outer periphery support drive method is exemplified as the cutter drive method.

The bending jack 9a is a device for correcting the propulsion direction and attitude of the excavator 1, and is used to connect the front body plate 3a and the rear body plate 3b within the equipment body 3. A plurality of them are installed in a line along the circumferential direction of the device main body 3, straddling the boundary between the two. The shield excavator 1 is propelled by supplying pressure oil to the bending jack 9a and propelling the shield excavator 1 with the front body plate 3a and the rear body plate 3b bent in a predetermined direction and angle. It is possible to control the direction and posture.

The shield jack 9b is a device that generates a propulsive force for moving the shield excavator 1 forward by generating a reaction force on the segment SG installed at the rear of the equipment main body 3. A plurality of them are installed in a line along the circumferential direction of the device main body 3, straddling the boundary with the rear body plate 3b.

The screw conveyor 10 is a device for discharging the earth and sand taken into the chamber 4 to the outside of the machine, and passes through the partition wall 7 at the bottom of the device main body 3 and from the earth and sand intake end 10a arranged inside the chamber 4. It is installed so as to continuously extend diagonally upward toward the discharge end 10b, which is arranged at a position slightly higher than the center of the apparatus main body 3 in the height direction at the rear of the apparatus main body 3. Note that a ribbon screw conveyor is illustrated here.

The erector 11 is an assembly device that grasps the segment SG, rotates it in the inner circumferential direction of the excavation shaft, and transfers it to an assembly position in the inner circumference direction of the excavation shaft, and is driven by a hydraulic motor (not shown) for driving the erector. It is installed in the hollow of the rear body plate 3b so as to be rotatable along the circumferential direction of the excavation shaft.

The earth pressure detection unit 12 is a sensor that detects mud pressure within the chamber 4 . The shield excavator 1 is able to excavate while ensuring the stability of the face by managing the mud pressure within the chamber 4 detected by the earth pressure detection unit 12.

The additive injection part 13a is a piping part for injecting the additive (sludge material) into the chamber 4, and is installed so as to penetrate through the partition wall 7. The additive material injection part 13b is a piping part that injects the additive material (sludge material) into the outer periphery and face of the shield tunneling machine 1, and is installed at multiple locations along the circumferential direction of the front body plate 3a. There is. Furthermore, the additive material injection part 13c is a piping part that injects the additive material (sludge material) into the outer periphery of the shield excavator 1, and is installed at multiple locations along the circumferential direction of the rear body plate 3b. There is.

Next, a configuration example of the cutter head 2 described above will be explained with reference to FIG. 2. FIG. 2 is a front view of a cutter head that constitutes the shield tunneling machine of FIG. 1.

The cutter head 2 is composed of, for example, a disc-shaped spoke-shaped cutter head, and is installed at four locations between two spoke parts 2a and 2b assembled in a cross shape and adjacent spoke parts 2a and 2b. It includes a cover part 2c, an outer ring part 2r connecting the tips of the spoke parts 2a and 2b, and the through hole 2h formed between these members.

The above-mentioned center cutter C is installed at the front center of the cutter head 2. Note that, in place of the center cutter C, other excavator cutter members such as a center bit, a cone head type roller bit, etc. may be installed.

Furthermore, a plurality of roller cutters RC (RC1, RC2) are installed in the front of the cutter head 2. One roller cutter RC1 is installed at the center of the spoke parts 2a, 2b in the width direction (short direction) so as to be lined up at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction of the spoke parts 2a, 2b. Note that in place of the roller cutter RC1, other excavator cutter members such as a leading bit may be installed.

Two of the other roller cutters RC2 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the cutter head 2 for each cover portion 2c. Note that the two roller cutters RC2 of each cover portion 2c are installed with different inclination angles (installation angles).

In addition, in the front of the cutter head 2, on both sides of the spoke parts 2a, 2b in the width direction (short direction), the above-mentioned plurality of scraper teeth ST are installed in a line along the longitudinal direction of the spoke parts 2a, 2b. has been done.

Further, in the front face of the cutter head 2, a plurality of additives are injected into the spoke parts 2a and 2b for injecting mud material such as a bentonite additive towards the front face of the cutter head 2. Sections 13d to 13f are installed. Note that, as the additive, a foam material may be used instead of the bentonite-based additive, or both the bentonite-based additive and the foam material may be used.

Next, the configuration of the roller cutter RC1 described above as an example of the roller cutter RC will be explained with reference to FIGS. 3 to 10.

Figure 3 is a plan view of the roller cutter seen from the face side, Figure 4 is a side view of the roller cutter seen from the direction of arrow A1 in Figure 3, and Figure 5 is a front view of the roller cutter seen from the direction of arrow A2 in Figure 3. 6 is a sectional view taken along line II in FIG. 3, FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the roller cutter in FIG. 1 seen from the back side, and FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 9 is an exploded cross-sectional view of one wedge block shown in FIG. 8, and FIG. 10 is a plan view of the roller cutter shown in FIG. 1 viewed from the back side.

The roller cutter RC1 includes a roller cutter main body 20, a cutter adapter (supporting member) 30, a cutter saddle (housing) 40, and wedge blocks (fixing members) 50a, 50b (see FIGS. 7 to 10). There is.

The roller cutter body 20 is a cutter body portion that crushes and cuts rock or hard earth and sand, and includes a cutter board 21 and a plurality of carbide tips 22.

The cutter disk 21 is a base material portion of the roller cutter main body 20, and is formed, for example, in the shape of a hollow disk. That is, the cutting edge portion on the radial outer periphery of the cutter disk 21 is formed so that its thickness gradually becomes thinner from the radial center of the cutter disk 21 toward the outer periphery. Further, a through hole 21h (see FIG. 6) is bored in the center of the cutter board 21 in the radial direction, passing through both sides of the cutter board 21 in the thickness direction (rotation axis direction).

Here, in the roller cutter RC1, for example, two cutter plates 21 are arranged side by side along the rotation axis direction of the roller cutter main body 20 in a state that they are integrally joined to each other. Note that the roller cutter RC2 (see FIG. 2) described above has the same configuration as the roller cutter RC1 except that the number of cutter plates 21 is one. Alternatively, three or more cutter plates 21 may be integrally joined to each other and arranged side by side along the rotation axis direction of the roller cutter body 20.

The cutter board 21 is made of, for example, chromium molybdenum steel (SCM440H), which is easily available, has high toughness, and has excellent mechanical workability. Further, the hardness of the cutter board 21 is, for example, about HV500. Note that HV indicates Pickers hardness, which is one of the hardness standards. However, the constituent material and hardness of the cutter board 21 are not limited to those described above, and can be changed in various ways.

Carbide tips 22 are embedded at predetermined intervals along the radial outer circumference of the cutter disk 21 in the cutting edge portion of the radial outer circumference of the cutter disk 21 with their tip surfaces exposed. has been done.

The carbide tip 22 is a blade part of the roller cutter main body 20, and mainly has the function of striking, breaking down, and disturbing the ground. Furthermore, the carbide tip 22 is formed, for example, in a cylindrical shape. Thereby, the stress applied to the carbide tip 22 during excavation can be almost evenly distributed, so that the strength of the carbide tip 22 can be improved.

The constituent material of the carbide tip 22 is, for example, a JIS E5 type alloy (E5 type alloy specified by JIS) that has a good balance of hardness and breaking strength (that is, is difficult to wear and break), For example, metal carbide particles such as tungsten carbide (WC), titanium carbide (TiC) or tantalum carbide (TaC) etc. are bonded with a binder metal such as cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni) or iron (Fe) etc. It is made of super hard alloy. The hardness of this carbide tip 22 is, for example, about HV940, which is harder than the cutter board 21.

The cutter adapter 30 is a support member that rotatably supports the roller cutter body 20, and includes a rotating shaft portion 31 (see FIG. 6), a bearing portion (bearing portion) 32 (see FIG. 6), and a pair of It has side plate parts 33a and 33b. Note that since the roller cutter body 20 is rotatably supported, the roller cutter body 20 rotates due to the reaction force when cutting the ground, and the portion of the roller cutter body 20 that contacts the face continues to change. Therefore, it is possible to suppress or prevent only specific parts of the roller cutter body 20 from being worn out.

The rotating shaft portion 31 of the cutter adapter 30 is inserted into the through hole 21h of the cutter board 21. The bearing bearing part 32 is a member that rotatably supports the rotating shaft part 31, and is installed between the inner periphery of the through hole 21h and the outer periphery of the rotating shaft part 31. The pair of side plate parts 33a and 33b are steel plates that cover and protect both side surfaces of the roller cutter main body 20 in the direction of the rotation axis, and are detachable from the rotation axis part 31 with bolts 34 (see FIGS. 6 and 8, etc.). are joined with.

The cutter saddle 40 is a member that holds the roller cutter main body 20 and the cutter adapter 30 in a state in which it is enclosed, and has a rectangular frame constituted by four steel side plate parts 40a to 40d surrounding the roller cutter main body 20 and the cutter adapter 30. It is formed by a shaped casing.

In the cutter saddle 40, the main surface on the face side and the back surface on the back side thereof are open, and a portion of the roller cutter main body 20 and the cutter adapter 30 are exposed from each opening. Such a cutter saddle 40 is welded to the cutter head 2 of the shield tunneling machine 1.

Here, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, both side surfaces of the roller cutter body 20 in the rotational axis direction include both side surfaces in the radial direction of the side plate portions 33a and 33b of the cutter adapter 30, and their respective sides. A pair of gap parts GP, GP are formed between some inner surfaces of the side plate parts 40a, 40c of the cutter saddle 40 that face the side faces.

The gap GP is formed, for example, at two locations on both side surfaces of the roller cutter main body 20 in the direction of the rotation axis, for a total of four locations. The pair of gap parts GP, GP on each side surface extend obliquely from the back surface side (front side) of the cutter saddle 40 so as to be gradually spaced apart from the main surface side (back side) on the face side.

Moreover, each of the pair of gap parts GP, GP is formed so that the width thereof gradually becomes narrower from the front side toward the back side. Further, the rear end of each gap GP is formed by a part of the inner side of the side plates 40a, 40c of the cutter saddle 40, and a female threaded hole 40h is bored in the end.

The wedge blocks 50a and 50b are fixing members for fixing the cutter adapter 30 to the cutter saddle 40, and are fitted into the gap GP described above. The wedge blocks 50a, 50a are installed on one side of the roller cutter body 20 in the direction of the rotation axis, and the wedge blocks 50b, 50b are installed on the other side of the roller cutter body 20 in the direction of the rotation axis.

The shape of each wedge block 50a, 50b in plan view is formed into a wedge shape so as to match the shape of the above-mentioned gap GP in plan view. That is, the wedge blocks 50a and 50b are formed so that the width thereof gradually becomes narrower from one end toward the other end in the longitudinal direction.

By fitting the wedge blocks 50a, 50b into the gap GP in close contact with the side plates 33a, 33b of the cutter adapter 30 and the side plates 40a, 40c of the cutter saddle 40 opposing them, the cutter adapter 30 is It is fixed to the cutter saddle 40. The cutter adapter 30 can be more strongly pressed against the cutter saddle 40 as the wedge blocks 50a, 50b are pushed deeper into the gap GP.

Further, the wedge blocks 50a and 50b are provided with bolt holes 50h that pass through both longitudinal end faces thereof. A bolt 51 is inserted into this bolt hole 50h. A male threaded portion is formed on the outer periphery of the tip of the bolt 51 . The male threaded portion at the tip of this bolt 51 is screwed into the female threaded hole 40h of the cutter saddle 40. Thereby, the cutter adapter 30 is detachably fixed to the cutter saddle 40. As a result, when the roller cutter main body 20 becomes worn, it is possible to take out the roller cutter main body 20 together with the cutter adapter 30 from the inside of the shield excavator 1 and replace it even during the excavation period.

Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, on one side surface side of the roller cutter main body 20 in the rotation axis direction, the width of the side plate portion 33a of the cutter adapter 30 increases from the outside to the inside of the roller cutter RC1. Both side surfaces of the side plate portion 33a facing the wedge blocks 50a, 50a are sloped so that the width gradually increases. Further, one side surface of each wedge block 50a, 50a facing the side plate portion 33a is inclined so that the width of each wedge block 50a, 50a becomes gradually narrower from the outside to the inside of the roller cutter RC1. sloped structure).

Here, FIG. 11 is a plan view of a roller cutter studied by the present inventor, viewed from the back side, for comparison. In the roller cutter 100 shown in FIG. 11, the above-mentioned inclination is applied to the opposing surfaces of the side plate portion 102a of the cutter adapter 102 and the wedge block 103 on both side surfaces in the rotational axis direction of the roller cutter body 101 constituting the roller cutter 100. is not formed. In this case, the gap (working margin) in the radial direction of the roller cutter body 101 can be eliminated by strongly tightening the bolt 104 and pushing the wedge block 103 deep into the gap 106.

However, even if the bolt 104 is strongly tightened and the wedge block 103 is pushed into the back of the gap 105, a gap in the direction of the rotation axis of the roller cutter body 101 remains. For this reason, the roller cutter body 101 shifts in the direction of the rotation axis during excavation, and the blade edge of the roller cutter body 101 becomes unstable with respect to the rock on the face, resulting in defective rock crushing and damage to the roller cutter body 101. Problems such as this may occur.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. By providing the above-mentioned slope on the surface, the more the bolt 51 is tightened and the wedge blocks 50a, 50a are pushed inward, the more the one side plate portion 33a of the cutter adapter 30 is pushed inside the roller cutter RC1 (roller the center of the cutter body 20 in the rotational axis direction). Therefore, the cutter adapter 30 and the roller cutter main body 20 move from the side of one side plate 40a of the cutter saddle 40 to the side of the other side plate 40c, and the other side plate 33b of the cutter adapter 30 moves from the side of the side plate 40c of the cutter saddle 40. Pressed against the inner surface.

As a result, the other side plate part 33b of the cutter adapter 30 comes into close contact with the inner surface of the other side plate part 40c of the cutter saddle 40, and there is a gap between the other side plate part 33b of the cutter adapter 30 and the other side plate part 40c of the cutter saddle 40. The gap (construction allowance) can be eliminated. As a result, it is possible to prevent the roller cutter body 20 constituting the roller cutter RC1 from shifting in the direction of the rotation axis, and the blade edge of the roller cutter body 20 can be stabilized against the bedrock of the face surface during excavation. Inconveniences such as failure to crush the rock and damage to the roller cutter main body 20 can be suppressed or prevented.

Further, in this embodiment, a pair of gap parts GP, GP are provided so as to sandwich the side plate parts 33a, 33b of the cutter adapter 30, and the wedge blocks 50a, 50b are fitted into each of the gap parts GP, and the four wedge blocks The cutter adapter 30 can be fixed by being sandwiched between 50a and 50b. Furthermore, both sides of the side plate portion 33a of the cutter adapter 30 in the width direction (radial direction) can be pressed almost evenly from the outside to the inside of the roller cutter RC1 by the pair of wedge blocks 50a, 50a. These allow the cutter adapter 30 to be stably fixed to the cutter saddle 40.

Furthermore, in the present embodiment, on the other side of the roller cutter main body 20 in the rotational axis direction, the facing surfaces of the side plate portion 33b of the cutter adapter 30 and the wedge blocks 50b, 50b are not inclined. That is, the widths of the side plate portion 33b of the cutter adapter 30 and the wedge blocks 50b, 50b are the same without gradually changing from the outside to the inside of the roller cutter RC1.

Here, on both side surfaces of the roller cutter main body 20 in the rotational axis direction, the facing surfaces of the side plate parts 33a, 33b of the cutter adapter 30 and the wedge blocks 50a, 50b are inclined, so that the pair of side plate parts of the cutter adapter 30 33a and 33b may be pressed from both side surfaces of the roller cutter RC1 toward the inner center.

However, in that case, the pair of side plate parts 33a, 33b and the wedge blocks 50a, 50b have to be formed with sloped surfaces, which takes time and effort to process. Further, when installing the roller cutter body 20 and the cutter adapter 30 in the cutter saddle 40, adjustment is difficult because adjustment must be made from both side surfaces of the roller cutter body 20 in the rotational axis direction.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, by providing the above-mentioned inclined structure only on one side surface side in the rotational axis direction of the roller cutter main body 20, the side plate portions 33a, 33b of the cutter adapter 30 and the wedge blocks 50a, 50b The processing effort can be reduced. Furthermore, adjustment during installation of the roller cutter main body 20 and the cutter adapter 30 can be facilitated.

Furthermore, since the load applied during excavation is large (the load is especially large when installed in a semi-dome-shaped semi-section), the above-mentioned inclined structure is installed only on one side of the roller cutter body 20 in the direction of the rotational axis. By installing the roller cutter RC1 so that the roller cutter body 20 and cutter adapter 30 are pressed against the outer circumferential side of the cutter head 2 when installing the roller cutter RC1 on the cutter head 2 of the shield excavator 1, the cutter saddle The load can be received by the entire 40, and the load applied to the wedge block 50a side can be reduced, and the bolt 51 can be prevented from loosening.

(Second embodiment)

FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram of the main parts of the tunnel boring machine according to the present embodiment, as seen from the side.

A cutter head 71 is installed at the top end of a tunnel boring machine (hereinafter abbreviated as TBM) 70 so as to be rotatable in both forward and reverse directions along the circumferential direction of a device body 72 .

A plurality of roller cutters RC are installed in front of the cutter head 71, and during excavation, the cutter head 71 is rotated with the roller cutters RC pressed against the bedrock of the face, crushing the bedrock, etc. Excavation is now underway. The configuration and effects of the roller cutter RC are the same as in the first embodiment.

The equipment body 72 of the TBM 70, like the shield tunneling machine 1 (see FIG. 1), includes a front body plate (front body part) 72a, a rear body plate (rear body part) 72b behind it, and a tail seal behind it. 72c. However, in the TBM 70, unlike the shield tunneling machine 1, an opening is formed in the partition wall 73 between the cutter head 71 and the equipment main body 72, and excavated rock etc. are carried by the belt conveyor 74 through the opening. It is designed to be carried backwards.

In addition to the belt conveyor 74 described above, inside the device body 72 of the TBM 70, a cutter drive body 75, a front gripper (second fixing means) 76, a main gripper (first fixing means) 77, a thrust jack ( A telescopic means) 78, a shield jack 79, an erector 80, etc. are installed.

The cutter drive body 75 is a hydraulic drive device for rotationally driving the cutter head 71, and a plurality of cutter drive bodies 75 are installed in line along the inner circumference of the front body plate 72a.

The front gripper 76 is a device that fixes the TBM 70 in the excavation pit, and a plurality of front grippers 76 are installed in a line along the inner circumference of the front body plate 72a. Further, the front gripper 76 is extendable and retractable along the radial direction of the device body 72 so that it protrudes from the surface of the front body plate 72a when the TBM 70 is fixed, and fits inside the front body plate 72a when the TBM 70 is released from the fixation. is set up.

The main gripper 77 is a device that fixes the TBM 70 in the excavation pit, and is installed on both sides of the rear body plate 72b. The main gripper 77 extends along the radial direction (left and right lateral directions) of the device body 72 so that it protrudes from the surface of the rear body plate 72b when the TBM 70 is fixed, and fits inside the rear body plate 72b when the TBM 70 is released from the fixation. It is set up so that it can be expanded and contracted.

The thrust jack 78 is a propulsion device for moving the TBM 70 forward, and is installed between the front gripper 76 and the main gripper 77 so as to straddle the front body plate 72a and the rear body plate 72b. Further, the thrust jack 78 is installed so as to be extendable and retractable along the axial direction (front-back direction) of the device main body 72.

Similar to the shield excavator 1, the shield jack 79 is a propulsion device for moving the TBM 70 forward by taking reaction force from the segment SG installed at the rear of the equipment main body 72, and is a propulsion device for moving the TBM 70 forward by taking a reaction force from the segment SG installed at the rear of the equipment main body 72. Multiple pieces are installed side by side along the inner circumference.

Like the shield excavator 1, the erector 60 is a segment assembly device that grips the segment SG and installs it on the inner periphery of the excavation shaft. It is installed in the rear body plate so that it can rotate along.

In the TBM 70 of this embodiment, there are two ways to move forward, and the way to move forward can be selected depending on excavation conditions such as the hardness of the rock and the angle of inclination of the excavation shaft. ing.

In the first way of moving forward, similarly to the shield tunneling machine 1, the shield jack 79 is pressed against the segment SG assembled by the TBM 70, and the shield jack 79 is extended to move forward.

In the second forward movement method, after fixing the TBM 70 by extending the main gripper 77 and pressing it against the rock with the front gripper 76 housed inside the front body plate 72a of the TBM 70, the thrust jack 78 is extended and the TBM 70 is moved forward. do. Subsequently, when the thrust jack 78 is fully extended, the front gripper 76 is extended and pressed against the rock to fix the TBM 70, and then the main gripper 77 is housed inside the rear body plate 72b of the TBM 70, and the thrust jack 78 is retracted. This draws the rear body plate 72b forward. Move forward while repeating this.

As above, the invention made by the present inventor has been specifically explained based on the embodiments, but the embodiments disclosed in this specification are illustrative in all respects, and are limited to the disclosed technology. It's not a thing. In other words, the technical scope of the present invention should not be construed in a limited manner based on the description of the embodiments described above, but should be construed solely in accordance with the description of the claims, and the scope of the claims This invention includes techniques equivalent to the techniques described in , and all changes without departing from the gist of the claims.

In the embodiment described above, a case was explained in which a ribbon screw type screw conveyor was used, but the invention is not limited to this and various modifications are possible. For example, a screw conveyor that combines a ribbon type and a shaft type is used. may also be used.

In the above description, the present invention is applied to a mud pressure shield excavator, but the present invention is not limited to this. It can also be applied to other shield excavators, such as mud water type shield excavators, which have a mechanism to transport excavated soil by circulating mud.

1 Shield tunneling machine 2 Cutter head 3 Equipment body 4 Chamber 6 Mixing blade 7 Partition wall 8 Cutter drive body 20 Roller cutter body 21 Cutter board 21h Through hole 22 Carbide tip 30 Cutter adapter 31 Rotating shaft portion 32 Bearing bearing portions 33a, 33b Side plate part 40 Cutter saddle 40a to 40d Side plate part 40h Female threaded hole 50a, 50b Wedge block 50h Bolt hole 51 Bolt 70 TBM
71 Cutter head 72 Equipment body 73 Partition wall 74 Belt conveyor 75 Cutter driver 76 Front gripper 77 Main gripper 78 Thrust jack 79 Shield jack 80 Erecta C Center cutter RC, RC1, RC2 Roller cutter CC Copy bit ST Scraper tooth GP Gap SG Segment

Claims (8)

A roller cutter body,
a support member that rotatably supports the roller cutter body;
a housing that surrounds and holds the roller cutter main body and the support member in a state where they are exposed from a face surface on a face side and a back surface on a back side on the face side;
a fixing member that is provided on both side surfaces of the roller cutter main body in the rotational axis direction and fixes the support member to the housing in a detachable state;
Equipped with
The roller cutter main body is
A hollow disc-shaped cutter board,
a plurality of carbide tips embedded along the outer periphery of the cutter board;
Equipped with
The support member is
a rotating shaft inserted into a hollow part of the cutter board;
a bearing section provided between the inner periphery of the hollow section and the outer periphery of the rotating shaft section;
a pair of side plate parts connected to both axial ends of the rotating shaft part and provided so as to cover both side surfaces of the cutter board;
Equipped with
On both side surfaces of the roller cutter main body in the direction of the rotational axis, between the side plate portion and the housing, the width gradually narrows from the back side of the housing toward the face side. A gap is formed,
The fixing member is formed to have a width that gradually becomes narrower from one end to the other end in the longitudinal direction so as to match the shape of the gap in a plan view, and the fixing member is arranged in the gap. The support member is configured to be fixed to the housing by being fitted together,
On at least one side surface of the roller cutter main body in the rotational axis direction, a width of the side plate part is set from the outside to the center of the roller cutter main body in the rotational axis direction. A slope is formed so that the width of the fixing member gradually increases from the outside toward the center of the rotational axis direction of the roller cutter main body on a surface of the fixing member that faces and contacts the side plate portion. A roller cutter unit characterized in that a slope is formed so that it gradually becomes narrower. A pair of gap portions are provided on both side surfaces of the roller cutter main body in the direction of the rotational axis, on both sides of the center in the width direction of the side plate portion, and the pair of gap portions extend from the back surface to the face surface. The roller cutter unit according to claim 1, wherein the roller cutter units are provided so as to be gradually spaced apart from each other. The roller according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that two or more of the cutter plates are arranged in parallel along the rotational axis direction of the roller cutter body in a state of being joined to each other on the roller cutter body. cutter unit. The roller cutter unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fixing member is removably joined to the housing with a bolt. Any one of claims 1 to 4 provides the cutter head of a shield excavator comprising a chamber between a cutter head rotatably provided on the distal end side of the equipment body and a partition wall provided on the distal end surface of the equipment main body. A cutter head for a shield excavator, characterized in that the roller cutter unit according to item (1) is installed. 6. The cutter head for a shield excavator according to claim 5, wherein the side on which the support member is pressed against the housing by the inclination formed on the fixing member is the outer peripheral side of the cutter head. A cutter head is rotatably installed at the tip of the device body,
a first fixing means for fixing the device main body;
a second fixing means that is provided in front of the first fixing means in the device main body and fixes the device main body;
an extendable means provided in a freely extendable state between the first fixing means and the second fixing means;
Equipped with
Claim 1: The cutter head of a tunnel boring machine includes a mechanism for advancing the equipment body by repeating expansion and contraction of the expansion and contraction means when it is fixed by the first fixing means and when it is fixed by the second fixing means. A cutter head for a tunnel boring machine, characterized in that the roller cutter unit according to any one of items 4 to 4 is installed. 8. The cutter head for a tunnel boring machine according to claim 7, wherein the side on which the support member is pressed against the housing by the inclination formed on the fixing member is the outer peripheral side of the cutter head.

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